JSAMS plus最新文献_第2页

Inter- and intra-rater reliability of two aquatic safety skill assessment tools 两种水上安全技能评估工具之间和内部的可靠性

JSAMS plus

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100122

N. Nyitrai , C. James , M. Brunton , S. Edwards

Background

Learning to swim is recommended as an important layer of protection in drowning prevention. However, identifying what aquatic skill(s) are essential, and the absence of a gold or industry standard makes establishing the reliability of learn to swim assessment difficult.

Methods

Five aquatic skills aligned with water safety and survival, from the Australian Water Safety Council's 2016 benchmark, were included in a cross-sectional study designed to test the reliability of two assessment tools: 1. competent/not yet competent and 2. RAEE (Refuse, Assisted, Effective, Efficient) assessment tool. Twelve participants (raters) from a single Gold Level AUSTSWIM recognised swim centre completed the assessment across three sessions and inter- (weighted kappa) and intra-rater (Chi squares) reliability was calculated.

Results

There was limited/poor inter and intra rater reliability for both assessment methods and this increased across sessions for three of the five chosen skills (crouch dive, sidestroke and compact jump). RAEE assessment tool demonstrated lower inter- and intra-rater reliability (poor to fair) when compared to use of the C/NYC assessment method (fair to moderate) across five water safety skills.

Conclusion

Regardless of the assessment approach taken, both inter and intra – rater reliability was limited when assessing water safety skills. A lack of consensus was found relating to proficiency in performance and raters lacked a clear understanding of the complexities involved in assessment, including an established foundation of what proficient motor skills performance looks like.

学习游泳是预防溺水的重要保护措施。然而，确定哪些水上技能是必不可少的，以及缺乏黄金标准或行业标准，使得建立学习游泳评估的可靠性变得困难。方法将澳大利亚水安全委员会2016年基准中与水安全和生存相关的五项水生技能纳入一项横断面研究，旨在测试两种评估工具的可靠性：2.胜任/不胜任；RAEE（拒绝、辅助、有效、高效）评估工具。12名参与者（评分者）来自一个Gold Level AUSTSWIM认可的游泳中心，完成了三个阶段的评估，并计算了评分者之间（加权kappa）和内部（卡方）的信度。结果两种评估方法的内部和内部可靠性都有限/很差，并且在五个选择的技能中的三个（蹲伏跳水，侧身和紧凑型跳跃）中，这种情况在不同的课程中有所增加。与使用C/NYC评估方法（公平到中等）相比，RAEE评估工具在五种水安全技能中显示出较低的等级间和等级内可靠性（差到公平）。结论无论采用何种评价方法，在评价水安全技能时，评价对象间和评价对象内的信度都是有限的。研究发现，在表现熟练程度方面缺乏共识，评分者对评估的复杂性缺乏清晰的理解，包括对熟练运动技能表现的既定基础。

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引用次数: 0

Physiological and psychological responses to coaching: An exploratory case report from professional Australian rules football 对教练的生理和心理反应：职业澳式足球探索性案例报告

JSAMS plus

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100127

Mark L. Watsford , Adam T. Trama , Yael J. Grasko , Suzie E. Rhydderch , Milo-Arne L. Wilkinson , Simon P. Eggleton , Tom M. Cross

Coaching professional sport is stressful, yet there is little information detailing the physiological and psychological responses of coaches during match-play. This case report examined physiological and psychological alterations when coaching professional Australian Rules football. One experienced head coach was monitored for heart rate, stress-related hormones and psychological stress before, during and after seven matches. Heart rate fluctuated during match-play, with locomotion during match breaks contributing to elevated values. Stress hormones did not change, while the psychological questionnaire revealed differences in perceptions of accomplishment, success, recovery and stress related to match outcome. This case report indicated substantial elevations in heart rate while coaching professional football and furthermore, differences in psychological outcomes from winning or losing suggests the need to develop contextualised recovery and coping strategies. With coaching eliciting alterations to physical and psychological markers in this case, confirmatory research with larger cohorts should examine cardiovascular health and well-being strategies in coaches.

指导职业运动是有压力的，但很少有信息详细说明教练在比赛中的生理和心理反应。本案例报告研究了职业澳式足球教练的生理和心理变化。一位经验丰富的主教练在七场比赛之前、期间和之后接受了心率、压力相关激素和心理压力的监测。在比赛中心率波动，比赛休息时的运动导致心率升高。压力荷尔蒙没有变化，而心理问卷显示了与比赛结果相关的成就、成功、恢复和压力的感知差异。该案例报告表明，在执教职业足球时，心率会显著升高，此外，输赢后心理结果的差异表明，需要制定情境化的恢复和应对策略。在这种情况下，由于教练会引起身体和心理指标的改变，因此应该对教练的心血管健康和福祉策略进行更大规模的验证性研究。

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引用次数: 0

Head impact forces in rugby tackles are influenced by tackler position and the ball carrier instantaneous speed at contact in front-on, one-on-one tackle scenarios 橄榄球铲球中的头部撞击力受铲球者位置和持球者在正面和一对一铲球时的瞬时速度的影响

JSAMS plus

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100121

Suzi Edwards , Andrew J. Gardner , Kenneth L. Quarrie , Timana Tahu , Gordon W. Fuller , Gary Strangman , Grant L. Iverson , Ross Tucker

Background

It is not well understood how tackling technique influences the inertial head kinematics of a tackler or ball carrier. This study identified the modifiable components of the tackler's technique (including instantaneous speed at contact) that predicted inertial head kinematics of a male tackler and ball carrier during a front-on, one-on-one, ‘slow speed’ rugby tackle.

Methods

Three-dimensional motion capture recorded 455 torso tackles across 15 rugby players. Principal component analysis identified four significant tackle related variables: ‘flexed head-kyphotic posture’; ‘body height lowering strategy’; ‘instantaneous speed at contact—ball carrier’; ‘instantaneous speed at contact—tackler’.

Results

The ball carrier's instantaneous speed at contact, not the tackler, predicts inertial head kinematics of the tackler's and ball carrier's inertial head kinematics (p < 0.05). Tacklers that adopt a more ‘flexed head-kyphotic posture’ (i.e., they were looking downwards towards the ground, adopted a kyphotic posture), resulted in higher inertial head kinematics for the tackler but lower inertial head kinematics for the ball carrier (p < 0.001). A tackler with a ‘body height lowering strategy’ resulted in higher inertial head kinematics for both players (p < 0.001) by tilting their pelvis forward to primarily flex their hips, and adopting an upright trunk posture with a neutral lordotic posture.

Conclusion

To reduce the tackler's peak inertial head kinematics, the tackler could adopt a tackle strategy that looks upwards (i.e., not looking to the ground) and adopts partially bent-at-waist (i.e., is not upright) and avoids a kyphotic posture or tilting their pelvis forward to primarily flex their hips to lower their body height.

Clinical trial registration

This is not a clinical trial.

铲球技术如何影响铲球者或持球者的惯性头部运动学还不是很清楚。这项研究确定了铲球者技术的可修改部分（包括接触时的瞬时速度），预测了男性铲球者和持球者在正面、一对一、“慢速”橄榄球铲球过程中的惯性头部运动学。方法采用三维动作捕捉技术记录了15名橄榄球运动员的455次躯干铲断。主成分分析确定了四个重要的铲球相关变量：“弯曲-后凸姿势”；“降低体高策略”；“接触球的瞬时速度”；“铲球时的瞬间速度”。结果预测铲球者和持球者惯性头运动学的不是铲球者，而是持球者接触时的瞬时速度（p < 0.05）。铲球者采用更“弯曲-后凸姿势”（即，他们向下看向地面，采用后凸姿势），导致铲球者的惯性头部运动学更高，但持球者的惯性头部运动学更低（p < 0.001）。采用“降低身体高度策略”的铲球者通过骨盆前倾来弯曲臀部，并采用直立躯干姿势和中性前凸姿势，导致两名球员的惯性头部运动学更高（p < 0.001）。结论为了降低铲球者的峰值惯性头部运动学，铲球者可以采用向上看（即不看地面）和部分弯腰（即不直立）的铲球策略，避免后凸姿势或骨盆前倾，主要弯曲臀部以降低身体高度。临床试验注册这不是临床试验。

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引用次数: 0

Highlighting gaps in the reporting of aerobic exercise interventions for mild traumatic brain injury: A systematic review using the TIDieR-Rehab checklist 有氧运动干预轻度创伤性脑损伤报告的突出差距：使用tidier -康复检查表的系统回顾

JSAMS plus

Pub Date : 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100120

Isaac Tracey, Emeline Gomes, Nada Signal, Gemma Alder, Katherine Forch, Sharon Olsen

Objective

To assess intervention reporting quality in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing aerobic exercise with control interventions following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).

Methods

Five databases were systematically searched for RCTs that compared the effect of aerobic exercise interventions with no intervention or another control, on symptom severity or recovery, in adolescents or adults with mTBI. Two reviewers independently screened articles, extracted data, and rated reporting quality using the TIDieR-Rehab checklist. Reporting completeness was quantified by intervention group and TIDieR-Rehab item. Authors were contacted to determine if reporting could be improved.

Results

Within 13 included studies, overall reporting was moderate (62 % of TIDieR-Rehab items complete). Dosage items ‘Frequency’ (85 %) and ‘Intervention length’ (96 %) were well reported, whereas ‘Session duration’, ‘Essential elements amount’, ‘How challenging’, and ‘Regression/Progression’ were moderately reported (54 %–65 % complete). Personalisation and protocol deviations were poorly reported (12 %–23 %). On average, authors supplied 71 % of missing intervention details on request.

Conclusions

The TIDieR-Rehab checklist revealed critical reporting gaps. Incomplete reporting of aerobic exercise parameters hinders clinical translation and limits investigation of optimal dosage parameters and underlying mechanisms. Poor reporting of personalisation and protocol deviations may mask necessary adaptations for individuals with mTBI. To improve reporting in this field, it is recommended that researchers utilise the TIDieR-Rehab checklist when planning and reporting their studies.

目的评价轻度创伤性脑损伤（mTBI）后有氧运动与对照干预的随机对照试验（RCTs）干预报告质量。方法系统检索了5个数据库，以比较有氧运动干预与不干预或其他对照对青少年或成人mTBI患者症状严重程度或恢复的影响。两位审稿人独立筛选文章，提取数据，并使用TIDieR-Rehab检查表对报告质量进行评级。报告的完整性以干预组和tidier -康复项目来量化。我们联系了作者，以确定报告是否可以改进。结果在13项纳入的研究中，总体报告是中等的（62%的tidier -康复项目完成）。剂量项目“频率”（85%）和“干预时间”（96%）得到了很好的报告，而“疗程持续时间”、“基本元素量”、“挑战程度”和“回归/进展”的报告中等（54% - 65%完成）。个性化和协议偏差的报告很少（12% - 23%）。平均而言，作者根据要求提供了71%缺失的干预细节。结论TIDieR-Rehab检查表显示了严重的报告差距。不完整的有氧运动参数报告阻碍了临床转化，限制了最佳剂量参数和潜在机制的研究。个性化和协议偏差的不良报告可能掩盖了mTBI患者的必要适应。为了改善这一领域的报告，建议研究人员在计划和报告他们的研究时使用TIDieR-Rehab检查表。

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引用次数: 0

Orchard Sports Injury and Illness Classification System (OSIICS) version 16: Updated female athlete codes and Italian and Spanish translations 果园运动损伤和疾病分类系统（OSIICS）版本16：更新的女运动员代码和意大利语和西班牙语翻译

JSAMS plus

Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100119

John W. Orchard , Isabel S. Moore , Federico Genovesi , Molly McCarthy-Ryan , Daniel Martinez , Ebonie Rio , Kay Crossley , Jessica J. Orchard , Ben Clarsen , Margo Mountjoy

Background

The Orchard Sports Injury and Illness Classification System (OSIICS) requires regular update to; stay relevant to changes required for optimal code recording; to add additional language translations as they become available and add female-specific codes to reflect contemporary clinical diagnosis and the increase in women's sport participation.

Methods

Codes were added to the existing version 15 after the assembly of an ad hoc panel of co-authors. Being a revision that only added codes without changing any structure, informal methodology, primarily conducted by email discussion amongst the author group, was used to resolve issues. Two authors who were native Italian and Spanish speakers, and fluent in English were used to create the respective language translations.

Results

The area of greatest deficiency for OSIICS versions 13–15 was in coding for breast conditions. To fit in with the existing consensus categories, the injury format used was CxBxx with a third character B to signify breast within the chest region. For breast illness/medical disorders, the coding format was MxxBx

Conclusion

Although consideration was given to creating a new, standalone category for breast injuries, due to the formalised alignment between OSIICS and Sports Medicine Diagnostic Coding System it was decided such a change requires the IOC consensus panel to re-convene. Additionally, the medical/illness categories need consideration of whether breast disorders best fit in the endocrine or genitourinary system, or if an expanded medical category is needed for female reproductive medical conditions.

果园运动损伤和疾病分类系统（OSIICS）需要定期更新；保持与最佳代码记录所需的更改相关；增加可用的其他语言翻译，并增加女性特定代码，以反映当代临床诊断和妇女参与体育运动的增加。在由共同作者组成的特别小组集会之后，将MethodsCodes添加到现有的版本15中。作为一个只增加代码而不改变任何结构的修订，非正式的方法主要是通过作者组之间的电子邮件讨论来解决问题。两位母语分别是意大利语和西班牙语的作者，并精通英语，他们被用来创建各自的语言翻译。结果OSIICS版本13-15最大的缺陷是对乳腺状况的编码。为了符合现有的共识分类，使用的损伤格式为CxBxx，其中第三个字符B表示胸部区域内的乳房。尽管考虑为乳房损伤创建一个新的独立类别，但由于OSIICS和运动医学诊断编码系统之间的正式一致性，决定这样的改变需要IOC共识小组重新召开会议。此外，医疗/疾病类别需要考虑乳腺疾病是否最适合内分泌或泌尿生殖系统，或者是否需要扩大女性生殖医疗条件的医疗类别。

{"title":"Orchard Sports Injury and Illness Classification System (OSIICS) version 16: Updated female athlete codes and Italian and Spanish translations","authors":"John W. Orchard , Isabel S. Moore , Federico Genovesi , Molly McCarthy-Ryan , Daniel Martinez , Ebonie Rio , Kay Crossley , Jessica J. Orchard , Ben Clarsen , Margo Mountjoy","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The Orchard Sports Injury and Illness Classification System (OSIICS) requires regular update to; stay relevant to changes required for optimal code recording; to add additional language translations as they become available and add female-specific codes to reflect contemporary clinical diagnosis and the increase in women's sport participation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Codes were added to the existing version 15 after the assembly of an ad hoc panel of co-authors. Being a revision that only added codes without changing any structure, informal methodology, primarily conducted by email discussion amongst the author group, was used to resolve issues. Two authors who were native Italian and Spanish speakers, and fluent in English were used to create the respective language translations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The area of greatest deficiency for OSIICS versions 13–15 was in coding for breast conditions. To fit in with the existing consensus categories, the injury format used was CxBxx with a third character B to signify breast within the chest region. For breast illness/medical disorders, the coding format was MxxBx</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Although consideration was given to creating a new, standalone category for breast injuries, due to the formalised alignment between OSIICS and Sports Medicine Diagnostic Coding System it was decided such a change requires the IOC consensus panel to re-convene. Additionally, the medical/illness categories need consideration of whether breast disorders best fit in the endocrine or genitourinary system, or if an expanded medical category is needed for female reproductive medical conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145415736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Athlete-IQ: Evaluating iron knowledge of female athletes and staff; with insights into practices among dietitians and iron experts 运动员智商：评价女运动员和工作人员的铁知识对营养学家和铁专家的实践有深入的了解

JSAMS plus

Pub Date : 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100118

Michael Pengelly , Kate Pumpa , David B. Pyne , Naroa Etxebarria

Background

Iron deficiency (ID) is common in female athletes, with variable diagnostic criteria and supplementation protocols used to determine deficient athletes. Understanding iron rich food sources is fundamental to optimal nutrition intake. Purpose: Our aim was to characterise the iron knowledge of female athletes and affiliated staff and explore factors influencing iron deficiency practices among dietitians and iron experts (sports physiologists and iron researchers).

Methods

A cross-sectional design was employed using a web-based iron questionnaire (adapted from previously validated questionnaires). Part One consisted of 16 items (11 iron questions) and was completed by female athletes and staff. Participants achieving a score >75 % (percentage of correct answers) were deemed to have adequate iron knowledge. Part Two consisted of 22 items (14 on iron deficiency practice) and was completed by dietitians and iron experts. Descriptive statistics were used for multiple choice questions and open responses were coded thematically.

Results

Sixty-two participants (athletes n = 42; staff n = 20) across 10 sports completed Part One. Iron knowledge scores ranged from 21 % to 88 % among athletes (46 % ± 13 %) and staff (60 % ± 16 %). Twenty-eight practitioners (sports dietitians: n = 14; other professions: n = 14) across 28 sports completed Part Two. Between 10 % and 56 % of practitioners applied established criteria for diagnosing iron deficiency. Supplementation protocols varied between 20 and 100 mg/day or bi-daily of elemental iron for earlier stages of iron deficiency increasing to 60–200 mg/day or bi-daily for anaemic athletes.

Conclusion

Iron knowledge is highly variable in female athletes and club staff. Teams and organisations should promote valid nutrition resources when access to a sports dietitian is not feasible. Practitioners may adopt heightened criteria to categorise iron deficiency but should adjust individual thresholds based on factors underpinning fluctuations in iron status.

背景：缺铁（ID）在女运动员中很常见，有不同的诊断标准和补充方案用于确定缺铁运动员。了解富含铁的食物来源是优化营养摄入的基础。目的：我们的目的是描述女运动员及其附属工作人员的铁知识特征，并探讨影响营养学家和铁专家（运动生理学家和铁研究人员）缺铁实践的因素。方法采用横断面设计，采用基于网络的铁问卷（改编自先前有效的问卷）。第一部分包括16个项目（11个铁题），由女运动员和工作人员完成。达到75%（正确答案的百分比）的参与者被认为具有足够的铁知识。第二部分包括22个项目（14个关于缺铁实践），由营养师和铁专家完成。多项选择题采用描述性统计，开放式回答采用主题编码。结果共有62名参与者（运动员42人，工作人员20人）完成了第一部分，涉及10个项目。运动员（46%±13%）和工作人员（60%±16%）的铁知识得分从21%到88%不等。28名从业人员（运动营养师：n = 14；其他职业：n = 14）完成了第二部分，涉及28个运动项目。10%至56%的从业人员应用已建立的诊断缺铁的标准。对于早期缺铁阶段，补充方案从20 - 100毫克/天或每天两次增加到60-200毫克/天或每天两次增加到贫血运动员。结论女运动员和俱乐部工作人员对铁的认知存在较大差异。当找不到运动营养师时，团队和组织应该推广有效的营养资源。从业者可以采用更高的标准来分类缺铁，但应根据影响铁状态波动的因素调整个人阈值。

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引用次数: 0

Mixed-methods evaluation of multi-sport activity days for children and adolescents with disability in Australia 澳大利亚残疾儿童和青少年多运动活动日的混合方法评价

JSAMS plus

Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100116

Nicole Halim , Indigo Willing , Rochelle Eime , Leanne Hassett , Katherine B. Owen

Background

Children and adolescents with disability (CAWD) face many barriers to sport participation and report lower levels of physical activity compared with children and adolescents without disability. Multi-sport activity days (MSADs) could address several barriers to sport participation faced by CAWD. This study examined the experiences of CAWD at MSADs, including both facilitators and barriers to participation that these children and adolescents faced.

Methods

This study was a mixed-methods evaluation of MSADs in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. This included surveys of the parents/carers of CAWD who attended a MSAD and interviews with CAWD who attended a MSAD. The survey assessed facilitators and barriers to participation, and the interviews explored CAWD's experiences at MSADs.

Results

The 15 MSADs held across NSW reached a total of 1839 CAWD. Of these, 86 (5 %) parents/carers completed a survey, and 6 CAWD participated in an interview. The interviews revealed that CAWD who attended the MSADs reported positive experiences, highlighting social connections, a sense of commonality and belonging, increased self-esteem, confidence, skills development, and a sense of joy (interview data). Common barriers to sport participation included cost (32 %), not knowing where to play (28 %), lack of appropriate sporting competitions (28 %), lack of interest (28 %), and not knowing how to play (26 %) (survey data).

Conclusions

MSADs can provide positive sport experiences and overcome some barriers to participation for CAWD. However, ongoing support and accessible participation pathways are required to translate initial engagement into sustained involvement in sport.

残疾儿童和青少年（CAWD）在参与体育运动方面面临许多障碍，与非残疾儿童和青少年相比，他们的身体活动水平较低。多运动活动日（MSADs）可以解决慢性病患者参与体育活动面临的几个障碍。本研究调查了在msad的CAWD经历，包括这些儿童和青少年所面临的参与促进者和障碍。方法采用混合方法对澳大利亚新南威尔士州（NSW）的msad进行评价。这包括对参加MSAD的自闭症儿童的父母/照顾者的调查，以及对参加MSAD的自闭症儿童的访谈。调查评估了参与的促进因素和障碍，访谈探讨了CAWD在msad的经验。结果在新南威尔士州举行的15次msad共达到1839 CAWD。其中，86名（5%）家长/照顾者完成了调查，6名CAWD参加了访谈。访谈显示，参加msad的CAWD报告了积极的经历，突出了社会联系，共同感和归属感，自尊，自信，技能发展和快乐感（访谈数据）。参与体育运动的常见障碍包括成本（32%）、不知道在哪里玩（28%）、缺乏适当的体育比赛（28%）、缺乏兴趣（28%）和不知道如何玩（26%）（调查数据）。结论smsads能够提供积极的运动体验，克服一些障碍。然而，需要持续的支持和无障碍的参与途径，才能将最初的参与转化为持续的参与。

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引用次数: 0

Voluntary activation of the ankle plantar flexors: A systematic review and meta-analysis 自主激活足底屈肌：一项系统回顾和荟萃分析

JSAMS plus

Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100117

Molly E. Coventry , Christopher Latella , Brady Green , Andrea B. Mosler , Jayden Peak , Maria Luciana Perez Armendariz , Ebonie K. Rio , Myles C. Murphy

Background

Voluntary activation is a measure of neural drive, typically measured during maximal contractions, and provides insight into motor function. This systematic review examined voluntary activation assessment of the ankle plantar flexors in healthy and pathological populations, and the association of participant age and positioning (knee and ankle joint angles) with voluntary activation level.

Methods

A systematic review and meta-analyses were conducted. Six electronic databases were systematically searched for studies that assessed voluntary activation of the ankle plantar flexors using the interpolated twitch technique or the central activation ratio. Meta-analyses were performed using an inverse variance, random-effects maximal likelihood model of continuous outcomes within SPSS Statistics, and subsequent meta-regression performed for age, knee angle and ankle angle. Methodological quality was assessed using the Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies Checklist from the Joanna Briggs Institute.

Results

A total of 74 studies were included, 5 included participants with pathological conditions (2 Achilles tendinopathy and 3 stroke) and 69 included only healthy participants. The meta-analysis demonstrated plantar flexion voluntary activation levels for healthy populations of 91 %, 90 % for Achilles tendinopathy and 35 % for stroke. Older age was associated with lower voluntary activation (β = −0.072; p = 0.035) and greater knee flexion angle was associated with higher voluntary activation (β = −0.033; p = 0.045). No association of voluntary activation and ankle position was demonstrated (β = −0.070, p = 0.488). Majority of the included studies were judged to have low methodological quality (97 %).

Conclusions

Voluntary activation was comparable between healthy participants and Achilles tendinopathy, and significantly lower in people following stroke. Age and knee joint position but not ankle joint position was associated with the level of plantar flexor voluntary activation.

自愿激活是一种神经驱动的测量，通常在最大收缩时测量，并提供对运动功能的洞察。本系统综述检查了健康和病理人群踝关节底屈肌的自主激活评估，以及参与者年龄和体位（膝关节和踝关节角度）与自主激活水平的关系。方法进行系统评价和荟萃分析。系统地检索了六个电子数据库，以评估使用内插抽动技术或中枢激活比的踝关节足底屈肌的自主激活。meta分析采用SPSS统计中连续结果的逆方差、随机效应最大似然模型进行，随后对年龄、膝关节角度和踝关节角度进行meta回归。方法质量采用乔安娜布里格斯研究所的分析横断面研究检查表进行评估。结果共纳入74项研究，5项研究纳入病理状态（2例跟腱病和3例卒中），69项研究仅纳入健康受试者。荟萃分析显示，健康人群的足底屈曲自发激活水平为91%，跟腱病患者为90%，中风患者为35%。年龄越大，自愿性活动越低（β = - 0.072; p = 0.035），膝关节屈曲角度越大，自愿性活动越高（β = - 0.033; p = 0.045）。自主活动与踝关节位置无关联（β = - 0.070, p = 0.488）。大多数纳入的研究被认为方法学质量较低（97%）。结论：自愿激活在健康参与者和跟腱病患者之间具有可比性，而在中风患者中明显较低。年龄和膝关节位置与足底屈肌自主激活水平相关，但踝关节位置与足底屈肌自主激活水平无关。

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引用次数: 0

A qualitative exploration of the implementation of a participation-focused physical activity intervention according to the family of participation related constructs framework 基于家庭参与相关构念框架的以参与为中心的身体活动干预实施的定性探索

JSAMS plus

Pub Date : 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100114

Gaela Kilgour , Ngaire Susan Stott , Michael Steele , Brooke Adair , Amy Hogan , Christine Imms

Background

Participation-focused physical activity (PA) interventions are increasing in rehabilitation but can be difficult to replicate if the components of what is delivered and what is received are not clearly described. This study evaluated the implementation of a participation-focused PA intervention by mapping programme content and participant experiences to the theoretical framework: Family of Participation Related Constructs (fPRC).

Methods

A descriptive process evaluation, embedded in a single-case experimental design study, explored the extent to which the intervention (‘Run Club’) achieved the goal of being participation-focused, by exploring what was designed, delivered and received through each intervention phase: before, after, and 9-months following a twice weekly 12-week intervention. The programme was designed to provide both participation and activity-level intervention elements. The programme elements and experiences of participating adolescents with cerebral palsy and their parents were mapped to the fPRC constructs and transactional elements.

Results

Eight adolescents and 12 parents participated. Mapping of the ‘intervention delivered’ indicated that the 24 1-hour sessions of expert coaching in community settings, with family support, and promotion of attendance and involvement at all study phases were designed and delivered as intended. Experiences of ‘programme received’ were mapped across all fPRC constructs and transactions, providing examples of the transactional influences among the person-level constructs (activity competence, sense of self, preferences), the environment and the individuals' attendance and involvement, in the programme and beyond.

Conclusions

The findings demonstrated how a participation-focused intervention approach can be designed and evaluated using the fPRC.

以参与为中心的身体活动（PA）干预措施在康复领域越来越多，但如果没有清楚地描述所提供的内容和所接受的内容的组成部分，则很难复制。本研究通过将项目内容和参与者经验映射到理论框架：家庭参与相关构念（fPRC）来评估以参与为中心的PA干预的实施情况。方法描述性过程评估，嵌入在一个单例实验设计研究中，通过探索每个干预阶段的设计、交付和接收内容，探索干预（“跑步俱乐部”）实现以参与为中心的目标的程度：在每周一次的12周干预之前、之后和9个月之后。该方案旨在提供参与和活动一级的干预内容。参与的脑瘫青少年及其父母的项目要素和经历被映射到fPRC结构和交易要素。结果8名青少年和12名家长参与。“提供干预”的绘图表明，在社区环境中进行的24次1小时的专家辅导，在家庭支持下，以及在所有研究阶段促进出勤和参与，都是按计划设计和提供的。“收到的节目”的经验被映射到所有fPRC构念和交易中，提供了个人层面构念（活动能力、自我意识、偏好）、环境和个人在节目内外的出席和参与之间的交易影响的例子。研究结果证明了如何使用fPRC设计和评估以参与为中心的干预方法。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of a prospective interdisciplinary assessment of return to play in male professional rugby union following lower-limb injury: A pilot study 对男性职业橄榄球联盟下肢损伤后恢复比赛的前瞻性跨学科评估：一项试点研究

JSAMS plus

Pub Date : 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100115

Molly F. McCarthy-Ryan , Stephen D. Mellalieu , Holly S.R. Jones , Adam Bruton , Isabel S. Moore

The return-to-play process is multifactorial, requiring input from multiple disciplines for rehabilitation. This pilot study used a prospective interdisciplinary approach to assess male professional Rugby Union players' (n = 7) rehabilitation following a non-contact lower-limb injury. Kinetic and self-efficacy assessments were conducted across three rehabilitation phases (acute, middle, late). Biomechanical changes (p < 0.05) were observed across all phases; alongside self-efficacy increases. Moderate-to-strong positive relationships (r = 0.77–0.80) were found between kinetic and self-efficacy changes. Practitioners should incorporate both measures throughout rehabilitation, as each offers distinct insights into recovery despite their high correlation. An interdisciplinary approach ensures a comprehensive assessment, enhancing players’ rehabilitation outcomes.

恢复比赛的过程是多因素的，需要来自多个学科的康复投入。本初步研究采用前瞻性跨学科方法评估橄榄球联盟男性职业球员（n = 7）在非接触性下肢损伤后的康复情况。动力学和自我效能评估在三个康复阶段（急性、中期、晚期）进行。生物力学变化(p <；各期均观察到0.05)；同时，自我效能也在增加。动力与自我效能之间存在中强正相关关系（r = 0.77 ~ 0.80）。从业者应该在整个康复过程中结合这两种措施，因为尽管它们高度相关，但每种措施都提供了不同的康复见解。跨学科的方法确保了全面的评估，提高了球员的康复效果。

引用次数: 0