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The Influence of Immersion Environment on Mood: Comparing Sea Versus Laboratory Cold Exposure 浸泡环境对情绪的影响：海洋与实验室冷暴露的比较
Q3 Medicine
Lifestyle medicine (Hoboken, N.J.)
Pub Date : 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1002/lim2.70044
John Stephen Kelly

Background

Cold water immersion (CWI) has gained attention as a potential strategy for improving mental health. Although studies demonstrate consistent mood-enhancing effects following sea swimming and controlled CWI, the role of environmental context remains unclear. No previous studies have directly compared natural and artificial immersion settings using a within-subjects design. This study aimed to isolate the influence of immersion environment on acute mood outcomes.

Methods

Twenty-seven healthy university students (16 males, 11 females; age 20 ± 4 years, height 1.71 ± 0.08 m, mass 70.4 ± 9.2 kg) completed a within-subject crossover design comparing two CWIs: one in the sea and one in a laboratory tank, 1 week apart. Mood was assessed using the Profile of Mood States—Short Form (POMS-SF) before and after a 5-min chest-deep immersion. Immersions were completed individually to minimise social facilitation. One- and two-way repeated measures ANOVAs analysed total mood disturbance (TMD) and subscales, with Bonferroni-corrected post hoc t-tests.

Results

Mood improved significantly following both immersions and across all subscales. Paired-sample t-tests showed greater reductions in TMD (t(26) = −2.69, p = 0.012, d = −0.52) and larger increases in esteem-related affect (t(26) = 2.41, p = 0.023, d = 0.46) after sea immersion compared to laboratory immersion. A trend in favour of sea immersion was also observed for vigour (t(26) = −1.998, p = 0.056, d = −0.38). Although all negative subscales improved over time, no significant between-condition differences were found. Analysis of TMD change scores showed that 13 participants (48%) responded similarly across both conditions, 10 (37%) improved more in the sea, and 4 (15%) improved more in the laboratory.

Conclusion

CWI significantly improved mood across both conditions. Sea immersion produced slightly greater benefits, suggesting that natural environments may modestly enhance the psychological effects of cold exposure.

背景冷水浸泡（CWI）作为一种潜在的改善心理健康的策略已经引起了人们的关注。尽管研究表明，在海中游泳和控制CWI后，情绪增强效果一致，但环境背景的作用尚不清楚。以前没有研究使用受试者内部设计直接比较自然和人工沉浸设置。本研究旨在分离沉浸环境对急性情绪结果的影响。方法27名健康大学生（男16名，女11名，年龄20±4岁，身高1.71±0.08 m，体重70.4±9.2 kg）采用受试者内交叉设计，对海槽和实验室槽内cbi进行对比，间隔1周。在深胸浸泡5分钟前后，使用心境状态简表（POMS-SF）评估情绪。浸入式体验是单独完成的，以尽量减少社交便利。单向和双向重复测量anova分析了总情绪障碍（TMD）和亚量表，采用bonferroni校正的事后t检验。结果：在两种浸泡方式和所有子量表中，情绪都得到了显著改善。配对样本t检验显示，与实验室浸泡相比，海水浸泡后TMD降低幅度更大（t(26) = - 2.69, p = 0.012, d = - 0.52），自尊相关情绪增加幅度更大（t(26) = 2.41, p = 0.023, d = 0.46）。在活力方面也观察到有利于海水浸泡的趋势（t(26) = - 1.998, p = 0.056, d = - 0.38）。虽然所有的负分量表都随着时间的推移而改善，但没有发现显著的条件间差异。对TMD变化评分的分析显示，13名参与者（48%）在两种情况下的反应相似，10名参与者（37%）在海上改善更多，4名参与者（15%）在实验室改善更多。结论CWI显著改善了两种情况下的情绪。海水浸泡产生的益处略大，这表明自然环境可能会适度增强寒冷暴露的心理影响。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Healthy Relationships and Social Connectivity in the Mediterranean Lifestyle: An Umbrella Review of Reviews 健康关系和社会联系在地中海生活方式中的作用：综述综述
Q3 Medicine
Lifestyle medicine (Hoboken, N.J.)
Pub Date : 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1002/lim2.70043
Gulnur Yaman-Dent, Gloria Dent, Rob Lawson, Hannah Maycroft, Catalina Figueroa, Linda Erringto, Nicola O'Brien, Emily Symington, Beth Frates, Gregory Maniatopoulos, Ann Johnson, Aleksandra Telinga, Fraser Birrell

Introduction

Social connectivity and interpersonal relationships underpin all aspects of lifestyle. As part of a broader research collaboration on the Mediterranean lifestyle, we examined existing evidence on social connectivity patterns in Mediterranean regions and how they differed from those in non-Mediterranean regions to explore the role of social connectedness in health and well-being across two settings.

Methods

We conducted a comparative narrative umbrella review of systematic, scoping and narrative reviews with no time limit, identifying papers using PICOS criteria (participants: adults; interventions: social connectivity and interpersonal relationships in Mediterranean countries; comparators: social connectivity and interpersonal relationships in non-Mediterranean countries; outcomes: well-being/lifespan, morbidity and mortality; studies: systematic review, meta-analysis, scoping review, evidence synthesis and narrative reviews). The umbrella review was prospectively registered with PROSPERO and followed PRISMA guidelines with a double-blind selection process and multi-researcher data extraction. AMSTAR2 criteria and ROBIS were used for quality and bias assessment. Studies with high risk of bias were excluded.

Results

A total of 49 reviews were included (systematic n = 44, scoping n = 4 and narrative n = 1). Overall, 75% of reviews were high quality (AMSTAR2), and 71% of the studies had a low risk of bias (ROBIS). A positive association between social connectivity or healthy relationships and health outcomes was found in both Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean countries, especially in the elderly population. Conviviality and interdependence and family orientation were common features of Mediterranean relationships, and important social structures within families and local communities. Research on Mediterranean relationships explored various contexts, including protective effect of social support, loneliness and social isolation, family dynamics, gender norms, mental health and chronic disease-associated stigma.

Conclusion

Social connectivity and healthy relationships, defined by both quality and presence, are positively associated with well-being and healthy aging and reduced mortality in all regions. Future studies should include measures of social connectivity and explore how enabling and strengthening interpersonal relationships can enhance health outcomes.

社会联系和人际关系支撑着生活方式的各个方面。作为对地中海生活方式更广泛的研究合作的一部分，我们研究了地中海地区社会联系模式的现有证据，以及它们与非地中海地区的社会联系模式有何不同，以探索两种环境下社会联系在健康和福祉中的作用。方法：采用PICOS标准对系统性、范围性和叙述性综述进行了无时间限制的比较性综述，选取了采用PICOS标准的论文(参与者：成年人；干预措施：地中海国家的社会连通性和人际关系；比较者：非地中海国家的社会连通性和人际关系；结局：幸福感/寿命、发病率和死亡率；研究：系统评价、荟萃分析、范围评价、证据综合和叙述性评价)。该综合评价前瞻性地在PROSPERO注册，并遵循PRISMA指南，采用双盲选择过程和多研究者数据提取。采用AMSTAR2标准和ROBIS进行质量和偏倚评估。排除高偏倚风险的研究。结果共纳入49篇综述（系统综述44篇，范围综述4篇，叙述性综述1篇）。总的来说，75%的综述是高质量的（AMSTAR2）， 71%的研究具有低偏倚风险（ROBIS）。在地中海和非地中海国家，特别是在老年人口中，发现社会联系或健康关系与健康结果之间存在正相关关系。欢乐、相互依赖和以家庭为导向是地中海关系的共同特点，也是家庭和当地社区内重要的社会结构。关于地中海关系的研究探讨了各种情况，包括社会支持的保护作用、孤独和社会孤立、家庭动态、性别规范、心理健康和与慢性病相关的耻辱。结论：在所有地区，社会联系和健康关系（由质量和存在定义）与幸福感、健康老龄化和降低死亡率呈正相关。未来的研究应包括社会连通性的措施，并探索如何建立和加强人际关系可以提高健康结果。
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引用次数: 0
Addressing Differences in Cancer: A Framework for Synergistic Programming in Cancer Prevention and Control 解决癌症差异：癌症预防和控制的协同规划框架
Q3 Medicine
Lifestyle medicine (Hoboken, N.J.)
Pub Date : 2025-09-23 DOI: 10.1002/lim2.70038
Ciaran M. Fairman, Christine M. Kava, Kristin Beima-Sofie, Mayank Sakhuja, Manal Masud, Emanuelle Dias, Jingxi Sheng, Jessica Gorzelitz, Alexandra Morshed, Beverly B. Green, Meghan B. Skiba, Purnima Madhivanan, Nivedhitha Parthasarathy, Rachel Hirschey, Mark W. Vander Weg, James Hebert

Background

Cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide and disproportionately impacts certain populations. Several frameworks have been developed that illustrate the multiple determinants of cancer. We expand on these frameworks to present an applied framework for cancer prevention and control designed to help better address differences in cancer outcomes.

Methods

The framework was developed by the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network's Health Behaviors Workgroup. A draft was developed based on workgroup discussion, public health theory, and rapid literature review on the determinants of cancer. The framework was refined through interviews and focus groups with federally qualified health center providers and individuals with cancer, who provided feedback on the framework's causal pathways, completeness, and applicability to cancer.

Results

The framework provides an overview of the relationships between sociodemographic inequalities, social/structural determinants, and risk factors associated with cancer across the lifespan. The framework emphasizes how health-risk behaviors interact with psychological, psychosocial, and biological risk factors. Importantly, the framework emphasizes addressing social and structural determinants that influence health behaviors to reduce the burden of cancer and improve health equity. Our framework underscores the importance of addressing co-occurring risk factors and assessing how multiple forms of inequality or disadvantage intersect to increase cancer risk.

Conclusions

This paper presents an applied framework for cancer prevention and control to address cancer differences. Because the framework highlights determinants and factors that influence cancer risk at multiple levels, it can be used to inform the development, implementation, and evaluation of interventions addressing cancer morbidity and mortality.

癌症仍然是世界范围内死亡的主要原因，对某些人群的影响不成比例。已经开发了几个框架来说明癌症的多种决定因素。我们对这些框架进行了扩展，提出了一种用于癌症预防和控制的应用框架，旨在帮助更好地解决癌症结果的差异。方法该框架由癌症预防与控制研究网络健康行为工作组开发。在工作组讨论、公共卫生理论和对癌症决定因素的快速文献回顾的基础上，制定了一份草案。通过与联邦合格的医疗中心提供者和癌症患者进行访谈和焦点小组讨论，对框架的因果关系、完整性和对癌症的适用性进行了反馈，从而完善了框架。该框架概述了社会人口不平等、社会/结构决定因素以及与癌症相关的风险因素之间的关系。该框架强调健康风险行为如何与心理、社会心理和生物风险因素相互作用。重要的是，该框架强调解决影响健康行为的社会和结构决定因素，以减轻癌症负担并改善卫生公平。我们的框架强调了解决共同发生的风险因素和评估多种形式的不平等或不利因素如何相互作用以增加癌症风险的重要性。本文提出了一种针对癌症差异的癌症预防和控制应用框架。由于该框架强调了在多个层面上影响癌症风险的决定因素和因素，因此可用于为制定、实施和评估针对癌症发病率和死亡率的干预措施提供信息。
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引用次数: 0
British Society of Lifestyle Medicine Annual Medical Conference 2025 2025年英国生活方式医学协会年度医学会议
Q3 Medicine
Lifestyle medicine (Hoboken, N.J.)
Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1002/lim2.70041
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引用次数: 0
Dreamy Dwellings: How the Sleep Environment Affects Sleep Health in Adults—A Narrative Review 梦幻住宅：睡眠环境如何影响成年人的睡眠健康-一篇叙述性综述
Q3 Medicine
Lifestyle medicine (Hoboken, N.J.)
Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1002/lim2.70022
Gregory David Maxwell Potter, Gregory J. Grosicki, Grant M. Tinsley, Thomas R. Wood, Dan Garner, Andrew J. Galpin

Sufficient high-quality, well-timed sleep is essential to health and physical, cognitive and emotional functions. Historically, environmental factors such as threats from other beings have likely constrained sleep. Newer sources of sleep disruption include modern work schedules, climate change, light pollution and noise pollution. Influenced partly by these evolutionarily recent trends, clinical and subclinical sleep problems now affect billions of people. Furthermore, despite being readily amenable to improvements, there are instances in which the environment is not conducive to healthy sleep, precisely when bodily restoration is most needed, as in hospitals. This article reviews an array of environmental factors that affect sleep, including noise, light at night, use of screen-based technology, temperature, ergonomics, olfactory stimuli, motion, the presence of other beings, sleeping in novel environments and the use of sleep-monitoring devices. This is followed by a brief discussion of the potential of ‘smart’ sleep environments that attempt to enhance sleep by modifying conditions in the sleep environment in response to real-time sleep data. We end with recommendations regarding practical options for improving the sleep environment as well as suggestions for future research.

充足的高质量、适时的睡眠对健康以及身体、认知和情感功能至关重要。从历史上看，来自其他生物的威胁等环境因素可能会限制睡眠。新的睡眠中断来源包括现代工作安排、气候变化、光污染和噪音污染。临床和亚临床睡眠问题在一定程度上受这些新近进化趋势的影响，现在影响着数十亿人。此外，尽管环境很容易得到改善，但在某些情况下，正是在最需要身体恢复的时候，如在医院，环境不利于健康睡眠。这篇文章回顾了一系列影响睡眠的环境因素，包括噪音、夜间光线、使用基于屏幕的技术、温度、人体工程学、嗅觉刺激、运动、其他人的存在、在新环境中睡眠和睡眠监测设备的使用。随后简要讨论了“智能”睡眠环境的潜力，该环境试图通过根据实时睡眠数据修改睡眠环境的条件来增强睡眠。最后，我们提出了一些关于改善睡眠环境的实际选择以及对未来研究的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Experiences and Perspectives of Staff Working in a Forensic Mental Health Unit on the Use of E-Cigarettes by Service Users: A Qualitative Interview Study 法医精神卫生单位工作人员对服务使用者使用电子烟的经验和观点：一项定性访谈研究
Q3 Medicine
Lifestyle medicine (Hoboken, N.J.)
Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1002/lim2.70039
Amy Bannerman, Oyinlola Oyebode, Nicholas Stokes, Sophie Coronini-Cronberg

Background

Smoking rates among forensic mental health service users are significantly higher than in the general population, exacerbating health inequalities. Although the long-term health effects of e-cigarettes are still unclear, they offer a potential harm-reduction strategy for smoking cessation. The introduction of e-cigarettes in complex forensic environments poses logistical challenges, safety concerns and varying needs for both service users and staff. Inconsistencies in e-cigarette policies across UK forensic settings are partly due to a lack of national guidelines. This study aims to explore staff perspectives in these settings to inform future guidelines and practices.

Methods

Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with staff from low- and medium-security units within West London Forensic Services (WLFS) between September and November 2023. Thematic analysis was used to identify key themes.

Findings

Eighteen staff members, with a median tenure of 12 years, participated. E-cigarettes were seen as temporary substitutes rather than effective cessation aids, with many service users returning to smoking after discharge. Instances of misuse, including self-harm, trading and aggression, were reported, affecting clinical interventions and posing risks.

Interpretation

Frequent incidents related to e-cigarettes in forensic mental health settings pose risks to staff and service users with uncertain impact on smoking cessation, challenging the harm-reduction principles underpinning their use.

背景：法医心理健康服务使用者的吸烟率明显高于一般人群，加剧了健康不平等。尽管电子烟对健康的长期影响尚不清楚，但它们为戒烟提供了一种潜在的减少危害的策略。在复杂的法医环境中引入电子烟给服务用户和工作人员带来了后勤挑战、安全问题和不同的需求。英国法医机构的电子烟政策不一致，部分原因是缺乏全国性的指导方针。本研究旨在探讨员工在这些情况下的观点，为未来的指导方针和实践提供信息。方法于2023年9月至11月对西伦敦法医服务（WLFS）中低保安单位的工作人员进行定性半结构化访谈。专题分析用于确定关键主题。调查结果18名工作人员参加了调查，平均任期为12年。电子烟被视为临时替代品，而不是有效的戒烟辅助工具，许多服务使用者在出院后又重新吸烟。据报告，包括自残、交易和侵略在内的滥用行为影响了临床干预并构成风险。法医精神卫生机构中与电子烟有关的频繁事件对工作人员和服务使用者构成风险，对戒烟产生不确定的影响，挑战了使用电子烟所依据的减少危害原则。
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引用次数: 0
Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Middle-Aged Women: Is It Menopause Stages or Symptoms That Matter? 中年妇女的体力活动和久坐行为：更年期阶段或症状有影响吗？
Q3 Medicine
Lifestyle medicine (Hoboken, N.J.)
Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1002/lim2.70037
Morgane Le Bourvellec, Julien Bois, Alberto Aibar, Laurent Bosquet, Nathalie Delpech, Carina Enea

Background and Aims

Menopause induces symptoms such as hot flashes, depression, and anxiety, which impair quality-of-life. Regular physical activity (PA) seems to be a favorable non-pharmacological approach to mitigate consequences of menopause. However, studies showed that middle-aged women reduce PA participation, possibly due to menopausal stage transition or symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the association of menopausal stage and symptoms severity with PA and sedentary time in women.

Methods

An online study was conducted among pre-, peri-, and postmenopausal women. Menopausal symptoms were evaluated using Menopausal Rating Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire, Insomnia Severity Index, Hot Flash-Related Daily Interference Scale, and newly developed Anxiety and Depressive Interference Scales. Moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) time (during work, transport, and leisure-time) and sedentary time were assessed using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Clusters were created using scores from all questionnaires assessing symptoms. Nonparametric MANCOVA, Kruskal–Wallis test, and Dunn post hoc were used to compare MVPA and sedentary time between groups.

Results

A total of 462 women completed the questionnaire, and three clusters representing low, moderate, and severe symptoms were identified. No significant differences between menopausal stages for MVPA and sedentary time were found. However, a significant effect (p = 0.018) was found across clusters. Regarding PA domain only, leisure-time MVPA differed among clusters (p = 0.02). Women experiencing moderate-to-severe symptoms had lower levels of leisure-time MVPA compared to women with mild symptoms (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

These findings indicate that women experiencing moderate-to-severe symptoms are also likely to have lower levels of PA during leisure-time independent of their menopause stages.

背景和目的更年期会引起潮热、抑郁和焦虑等症状，从而影响生活质量。规律的身体活动（PA）似乎是一个有利的非药物方法，以减轻更年期的后果。然而，研究表明，中年妇女减少了PA的参与，可能是由于更年期过渡或症状。本研究旨在评估绝经期和症状严重程度与女性PA和久坐时间的关系。方法对绝经前、围绝经期和绝经后妇女进行在线研究。采用绝经期评定量表、医院焦虑抑郁问卷、失眠严重程度指数、潮热相关日常干扰量表和新开发的焦虑抑郁干扰量表对绝经期症状进行评估。使用全球身体活动问卷评估中至高强度活动（MVPA）时间（工作、交通和休闲时间）和久坐时间。使用评估症状的所有问卷得分来创建聚类。采用非参数MANCOVA、Kruskal-Wallis检验和Dunn事后检验比较各组间MVPA和久坐时间。结果共462名妇女完成问卷调查，确定了低、中、重度症状三组。绝经期MVPA与久坐时间无显著差异。然而，跨集群发现显著效应（p = 0.018）。仅就PA域而言，集群间休闲时间MVPA存在差异（p = 0.02）。与轻度症状的女性相比，出现中度至重度症状的女性在闲暇时间的MVPA水平较低(p <；0.05)。这些发现表明，经历中度至重度症状的女性在闲暇时间也可能具有较低的PA水平，而与绝经期无关。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Frailty on Hospital Adverse Outcomes in Elderly With Acute Coronary Syndrome 老年急性冠脉综合征患者虚弱对医院不良结局的影响
Q3 Medicine
Lifestyle medicine (Hoboken, N.J.)
Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1002/lim2.70035
Giang Song Tran, Anh Phuong Nguyen, Hung Manh Pham, Thanh Xuan Nguyen, Thu Thi Hoai Nguyen, Tam Ngoc Nguyen, Huong Thi Thu Nguyen, Hoa Trung Dinh, Huong Thi Thanh Nguyen, Anh Trung Nguyen, Quang Ngoc Nguyen, Huyen Thi Thanh Vu

Introduction

Frailty management in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients remains a challenge due to the absence of standard guidelines, and the evidence of frailty in ACS elderly Vietnamese individuals is limited. This research aims to describe the impact of frailty on hospital adverse outcomes in older people with ACS in Vietnam.

Methods

This prospective, observational study design was conducted on older patients with ACS admitted to the Vietnam National Heart Institute, Vietnam. Participants who were 60 years old and over, diagnosed with ACS at admission according to the 2016 American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology guidelines, were included. The Clinical Frailty Scale was used to assess frailty.

Results

A total of 116 participants were recruited for this study, with a mean age of 72.91 ± 6.22 years, 34.48% female. The prevalence of frailty was 35.3%. The most prevalent comorbidities were hypertension (81.03%), diabetes (32.76%), heart failure (15.52%), dyslipidemia (13.79%), and previous stroke (10.34%). Compared to nonfrail participants, frail ones had significantly higher rates of in-hospital adverse outcomes (odds ratio [OR] 3.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21−7.56) and net adverse clinical events (OR 6.25, 95% CI 1.14−34.29).

Conclusion

This research has demonstrated that frailty was a significant risk factor for adverse outcomes in ACS patients, with a more than triple risk of adverse outcomes observed in frail patients.

由于缺乏标准指南，急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者的虚弱管理仍然是一个挑战，而且越南老年ACS患者虚弱的证据有限。本研究旨在描述虚弱对越南老年ACS患者医院不良结局的影响。方法采用前瞻性观察性研究设计，对越南国立心脏研究所收治的老年ACS患者进行研究。根据2016年美国心脏协会和美国心脏病学会指南，60岁及以上的参与者在入院时被诊断为ACS。采用临床虚弱量表评估虚弱程度。结果共纳入116例受试者，平均年龄72.91±6.22岁，女性34.48%。虚弱的患病率为35.3%。最常见的合并症是高血压（81.03%）、糖尿病（32.76%）、心力衰竭（15.52%）、血脂异常（13.79%）和既往脑卒中（10.34%）。与非虚弱的参与者相比，虚弱的参与者有更高的住院不良结局发生率（优势比[OR] 3.02, 95%可信区间[CI] 1.21 ~ 7.56）和净临床不良事件发生率（OR 6.25, 95% CI 1.14 ~ 34.29）。结论本研究表明，虚弱是ACS患者不良结局的重要危险因素，虚弱患者的不良结局风险为ACS患者的三倍以上。
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引用次数: 0
Adherence to Physical Activity Among Diabetic Patients: A Study in Mbeya Region, Tanzania 糖尿病患者坚持体育活动：坦桑尼亚Mbeya地区的一项研究
Q3 Medicine
Lifestyle medicine (Hoboken, N.J.)
Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1002/lim2.70036
Donath Damian, Philemon Laiza

Background

Adherence to physical activity (PA) recommendations among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients remains a global challenge, with significant implications for glycemic control and overall health outcomes. Despite the importance of PA, data regarding adherence rates and associated factors are limited, particularly in the Southern Highland zone of Tanzania.

Methodology

A cross-sectional study was conducted at Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital in Tanzania, targeting T2DM patients attending medical clinics between November and December 2022. Systematic sampling was employed, with 229 diabetic patients included in the study. Structured questionnaires were utilized for data collection, and statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.

Results

Among the 229 participants, 69% did not adhere to PA recommendations. The primary reasons for poor adherence included lack of skills (85.4%), willpower (76.6%), energy (69%), resources (65.2%), fear of injury (62.7%), social influence (57%), and time constraints (48.7%). Significant associations were found between physical inactivity and older age (67–83 years), female sex, and urban residence.

Conclusion

The study highlights the widespread non-adherence to PA recommendations among T2DM patients in the Southern Highland zone of Tanzania. Barriers to adherence include personal factors, resource limitations, and social influences. Addressing these barriers through targeted interventions, such as skill-building programs, awareness campaigns, and improved resource access, is essential to promote PA and improve glycemic control among T2DM patients. Further research is warranted to comprehensively understand the underlying causes of physical inactivity and develop effective strategies for promoting lifestyle modifications in this population.

背景：2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者坚持身体活动（PA）建议仍然是一个全球性的挑战，对血糖控制和整体健康结果具有重要意义。尽管PA很重要，但关于依从率和相关因素的数据有限，特别是在坦桑尼亚南部高地地区。在坦桑尼亚Mbeya地区转诊医院进行了一项横断面研究，目标是2022年11月至12月期间就诊的2型糖尿病患者。采用系统抽样方法，纳入229例糖尿病患者。数据收集采用结构化问卷，统计分析采用SPSS (statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 21。结果在229名参与者中，69%的人没有遵守PA的建议。依从性差的主要原因包括缺乏技能（85.4%）、意志力（76.6%）、精力（69%）、资源（65.2%）、害怕受伤（62.7%）、社会影响（57%）和时间限制（48.7%）。缺乏身体活动与年龄（67-83岁）、女性性别和城市居住之间存在显著关联。结论：该研究强调了坦桑尼亚南部高地地区T2DM患者普遍不遵守PA建议。坚持治疗的障碍包括个人因素、资源限制和社会影响。通过有针对性的干预措施解决这些障碍，如技能建设项目、宣传活动和改善资源获取，对于促进2型糖尿病患者的PA和改善血糖控制至关重要。进一步的研究需要全面了解缺乏身体活动的潜在原因，并制定有效的策略来促进这一人群的生活方式改变。
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引用次数: 0
Exercising Through Breast Cancer: A Case Study on Strength Training During Active Treatment 乳腺癌运动：积极治疗期间力量训练的案例研究
Q3 Medicine
Lifestyle medicine (Hoboken, N.J.)
Pub Date : 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.1002/lim2.70034
LaShae D. Rolle, Tracy E. Crane

Introducton

This case study examines a 27-year-old woman, an active powerlifter, going through breast cancer treatment while maintaining a periodized structured strength training regimen.

Methods

By documenting her experiences through chemotherapy cycles, this case study identifies the clinical implications of individualized exercise protocols, focusing on the timing and intensity of workouts relative to chemotherapy. Through strategic timing and symptom-informed adjustments, the patient preserved 87–93% of pre-treatment strength levels across major lifts.

Results

Findings suggest that delayed post-treatment exercise, and moderate-to-high-intensity workouts effectively mitigate side effects while preserving muscle mass and strength.

Conclusions

These insights highlight the potential role and feasibility of individualized high-intensity exercise protocols in mitigating chemotherapy side effects and preserving physical and psychological resilience, offering generalizable recommendations for integrating exercise into oncology care among advanced athletes. These findings apply primarily to elite athletes with established high-intensity training backgrounds and may not generalize to broader populations, even with individualized exercise prescriptions.

本案例研究调查了一名27岁的女性，一名积极的力量举重运动员，在接受乳腺癌治疗的同时保持定期的结构化力量训练方案。方法通过记录她在化疗周期中的经历，本案例研究确定了个体化锻炼方案的临床意义，重点关注与化疗相关的锻炼时间和强度。通过有策略的时机和根据症状进行调整，患者在主要举举中保持了治疗前87% - 93%的力量水平。研究结果表明，延迟治疗后的锻炼和中高强度的锻炼可以有效地减轻副作用，同时保持肌肉质量和力量。这些发现突出了个体化高强度运动方案在减轻化疗副作用和保持身体和心理弹性方面的潜在作用和可行性，为将运动纳入高级运动员的肿瘤治疗提供了可推广的建议。这些发现主要适用于具有高强度训练背景的精英运动员，即使有个性化的运动处方，也可能无法推广到更广泛的人群。
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