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Cold Water Swimming and Pregnancy: A Scoping Review and Consensus Recommendations 冷水游泳与妊娠:范围审查和共识建议
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1002/lim2.70009
J Shawe, M Felton, JC Harper, C Mark Harper, R Stidson, M Tipton, S Blowers, K Fraser, S Hingley, E McGrath, G Bainbridge, Massey Heather

Introduction

Cold water swimming has increased in popularity and women wish to swim throughout pregnancy. There is a lack of evidenced-based guidance to make decisions about the safety of immersion in cold water during pregnancy.

Methods

Closed social media groups were asked for specific questions in relation to cold water swimming and pregnancy. This highlighted concerns including water temperature, risks to the mother and fetus, and water quality. To find evidence-based answers, a series of meetings brought together clinicians and researchers with expertise in cold water physiology, exercise physiology, fertility, obstetrics, neonatology, midwifery, water epidemiology, public health and representatives from the Open Water Swimming Society and an Open Water swimming social enterprise.

Results

Published data were examined via a scoping review process and four studies and eight reports were identified. Recommendations were made with evidence graded (mostly grade 4 expert opinion).

Conclusion

Research gaps highlight the need for research to enable accurate advice to determine whether it is safe for pregnant women to swim outdoors in cold water.

冷水游泳越来越受欢迎,女性希望在怀孕期间游泳。关于怀孕期间浸泡在冷水中的安全性,目前缺乏基于证据的指导。方法在封闭的社交媒体群体中询问与冷水游泳和怀孕有关的具体问题。这突出了人们对水温、对母亲和胎儿的风险以及水质的关注。为了找到基于证据的答案,一系列会议汇集了冷水生理学、运动生理学、生育、产科、新生儿学、助产学、水流行病学、公共卫生方面的临床医生和研究人员,以及开放水域游泳协会和开放水域游泳社会企业的代表。结果通过范围审查过程检查了已发表的数据,确定了4项研究和8份报告。根据证据分级(主要是4级专家意见)提出建议。研究差距突出表明,需要进行研究,以便提供准确的建议,以确定孕妇在室外冷水中游泳是否安全。
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引用次数: 0
Lifestyle Medicine Essentials: “Walk More, Eat Less, Sleep More”—White's Early Inspiration 生活方式医学要点:"多走、少吃、多睡"--怀特的早期启迪
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-13 DOI: 10.1002/lim2.70008
Ganesh V. Halade, Ankur Kalra
<p>One of the American Heart Association (AHA) founders, Paul Dudley White (June 6, 1886–October 31, 1973), a renowned cardiologist in the 20th century, emphasized the importance of a balanced lifestyle to maintain heart health. In keeping with his beliefs, he was a vigorous walker and bicycle rider. He was appointed as President Dwight D. Eisenhower's cardiologist following his heart attack in 1955 and played an important role in his recovery and his subsequent running for a second presidential term of office [<span>1</span>]. Dr. White's key recommendations were to “<i>walk more, eat less, and sleep more</i>”; coincidently, he is the father of prevention cardiology. White advocated for exercise, diet, and weight control in preventing heart disease, prescribing cycling for the president. Furthermore, Dr. White played a key role in establishing the National Institutes of Health and the Framingham Heart Study, which identified major risk factors for heart disease [<span>1, 2</span>]. Over the last 100 years, advancements in technology, research, and development have led to numerous groundbreaking discoveries in cardiology, revolutionizing the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac diseases. These include electrocardiography (ECG), cardiac catheterization and coronary angiography, open-heart surgery, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, percutaneous coronary intervention, the use of defibrillators, thrombolytic therapy, genetic insights into heart disease, high-resolution imaging (such as echocardiography, cardiac CT, and MRI), and an enhanced understanding of leukocyte biology [<span>3, 4</span>]. Today, the application of artificial intelligence is accelerating ECG and imaging analysis, enabling personalized risk assessments, diagnostics, and long-term treatment plans. Despite these revolutionary and timely advances, the “Life's Essential 8” with primary diet, sleep, and exercise—remain foundational elements of lifestyle medicine. These three lifestyle components regulate body weight, blood pressure, lipids, and glucose, playing a decisive role in the prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases.</p><p>Acute inflammation directed by 1% leukocytes (innate immune cells) is necessary for host defense that coincides with the safe clearance of inflammation termed resolution; however, the chronic or unresolved infiltration of leukocytes leads to chronic inflammation which is the prime basis of multiple cardiovascular and cardiometabolic disorders [<span>4, 10</span>]. At the immunological, cellular, and molecular levels, an imbalance in diet, sleep, and exercise can trigger weight gain, obesity, low-grade chronic inflammation (residual inflammation), and cardiometabolic syndrome [<span>11-13</span>]. Heart failure is broadly classified into two types: heart failure with reduced (HFrEF) and preserved (HFpEF) ejection fraction with multiple signs of chronic inflammation in obesity. Outcomes from UK biobank participants indicate that adherence to a healthy
美国心脏协会(AHA)的创始人之一保罗·达德利·怀特(Paul Dudley White, 1886年6月6日- 1973年10月31日)是20世纪著名的心脏病专家,他强调了平衡的生活方式对保持心脏健康的重要性。与他的信仰一致,他是一个精力充沛的步行者和自行车骑手。1955年德怀特·d·艾森豪威尔总统心脏病发作后,他被任命为他的心脏病专家,并在他的康复和随后的第二任总统竞选中发挥了重要作用。怀特博士的主要建议是“多走,少吃,多睡”;巧合的是,他是预防心脏病学之父。怀特主张通过运动、饮食和控制体重来预防心脏病,并为总统开出了骑自行车的处方。此外,White博士在建立美国国立卫生研究院和弗雷明汉心脏研究方面发挥了关键作用,该研究确定了心脏病的主要危险因素[1,2]。在过去的100年里,技术、研究和发展的进步导致了心脏病学的许多突破性发现,彻底改变了心脏病的诊断和治疗。这些包括心电图(ECG)、心导管和冠状动脉造影、心内直视手术、心肺复苏、经皮冠状动脉介入治疗、除颤器的使用、溶栓治疗、对心脏病的遗传认识、高分辨率成像(如超声心动图、心脏CT和MRI),以及对白细胞生物学的进一步了解[3,4]。今天,人工智能的应用正在加速心电图和成像分析,实现个性化的风险评估、诊断和长期治疗计划。尽管有这些革命性和及时的进步,“生活的必需品”——主要的饮食、睡眠和运动——仍然是生活方式医学的基本要素。这三种生活方式组成部分调节体重、血压、血脂和血糖,在心血管疾病的预防和管理中起着决定性作用。由1%白细胞(先天免疫细胞)引导的急性炎症是宿主防御所必需的,这与被称为解决的炎症的安全清除相一致;然而,慢性或未解决的白细胞浸润导致慢性炎症,这是多种心血管和心脏代谢疾病的主要基础[4,10]。在免疫、细胞和分子水平上,饮食、睡眠和运动失衡可引发体重增加、肥胖、低度慢性炎症(残余炎症)和心脏代谢综合征[11-13]。心力衰竭大致分为两种类型:射血分数降低(HFrEF)和保留(HFpEF)的心力衰竭,并伴有肥胖的多种慢性炎症症状。来自英国生物银行参与者的结果表明,无论遗传倾向如何,坚持健康的生活方式与肥胖和相关疾病的风险较低相关。OM因子(身心)与多组学研究的未来整合,包括基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学、代谢组学、暴露组学、微生物组学、脂质组学、相互作用组学、表观基因组学、大麻组学、宏基因组学、表型组学、细胞组学、免疫组学、药物基因组学、营养基因组学(营养动力学/饮食动力学、营养动力学/饮食动力学)[15]和内合组学(核酸修饰,如DNA、RNA、以及修饰的DNA和RNA池)可以全面了解综合生活方式因素如何与生物系统相互作用以影响炎症。因此,整体观点可以导致旨在减少炎症和改善整体健康结果的个性化健康策略。OM因素(心智和身体)的复杂性以及广泛的“组学”相互作用强调了协调综合方法在推进我们对炎症消退信号及其通过生活方式改变调节的理解中的重要性。饮食、睡眠和运动的不平衡导致慢性代谢性疾病,而平衡则维持不平衡、功能健康和体内平衡。根据怀特博士和瑜伽哲学(图1),均衡的饮食、睡眠和运动是瑜伽和OM因素(Aum;身心),而不平衡(bhoga;过度快乐会导致慢性疾病(roga;《博伽梵歌》第6章第17节)。因此,怀特博士经过验证的哲学为生活方式医学播下了种子,强调饮食、运动和睡眠的平衡,以预防与生活方式相关的心脏代谢和非传染性疾病。作者没有什么可报告的。
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引用次数: 0
Promoting Physical Activity in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes: A Feasibility Study to Develop Intervention Tools for Delivery of Diabetes-Specific Education 促进体育活动在2型糖尿病管理中的作用:开发糖尿病教育干预工具的可行性研究
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-07 DOI: 10.1002/lim2.70006
Daniel Crabtree, Sara Bradley, Jenni Connelly, Lynn Bauermeister, Trish Gorely, Sandra MacRury

Background

Physical activity is an important aspect of lifestyle management and type 2 diabetes, although the percentage of people with type 2 diabetes achieving recommended guidelines is low. Supported self-management underpinned by group educational programmes may be helpful but difficult to implement in remote and rural areas. We aimed to test the feasibility of an approach based on education delivered individually by community-based exercise advisors to people with type 2 diabetes.

Methods

Following the development of an online educational toolkit a mixture of exercise advisors and people with type 2 diabetes were recruited. People with diabetes had a face-to-face consultation with an exercise advisor with mutually agreed follow-up over 6 months. To track physical activity, people with diabetes aimed to wear an accelerometer device for 7 days at baseline, 3 months and 6 months. Post-intervention semi-structured interviews were undertaken with both groups of participants to gauge perspectives of the initiative.

Results

There was a 56% total attrition rate from baseline to 3 months due to COVID-19 and its impact on clinical research. Around 50% of participants achieved minimum physical activity recommendations at each time point and 22% of participants had accelerometer data at 3 time points. People with diabetes valued interaction with exercise advisors and felt that the programme would be of greatest benefit to less active individuals. Exercise advisors felt that the programme provided more opportunities and increased confidence and that training in working with older less active individuals would be useful for them.

Conclusion

It is feasible to develop a physical activity programme delivered by non-healthcare practitioners underpinned by diabetes-specific education tailored to people with type 2 diabetes. Several project adaptions should be considered for progress to a pilot study to assess an integrated physical activity programme delivered by community exercise advisors.

体育活动是生活方式管理和2型糖尿病的一个重要方面,尽管2型糖尿病患者达到推荐指南的比例很低。以团体教育方案为基础的有支持的自我管理可能有帮助,但难以在偏远和农村地区实施。我们的目的是测试一种基于社区运动顾问对2型糖尿病患者进行单独教育的方法的可行性。方法:在开发在线教育工具包后,招募了运动顾问和2型糖尿病患者。糖尿病患者与运动顾问进行面对面的咨询,双方同意进行为期6个月的随访。为了跟踪身体活动,糖尿病患者的目标是在基线、3个月和6个月时佩戴加速度计设备7天。干预后与两组参与者进行了半结构化访谈,以评估主动性的观点。结果由于新冠肺炎及其对临床研究的影响,从基线到3个月的总损耗率为56%。大约50%的参与者在每个时间点都达到了最低体力活动建议,22%的参与者在3个时间点都有加速度计数据。糖尿病患者重视与运动顾问的互动,并认为该计划对不爱运动的人最有好处。运动顾问认为,该计划提供了更多的机会,增加了信心,与不太活跃的老年人一起工作的培训对他们很有用。结论针对2型糖尿病患者,在非医疗保健从业人员的指导下,开展以糖尿病专项教育为基础的体育活动计划是可行的。应考虑对若干项目进行调整,以便进行一项试点研究,以评估社区运动顾问提供的综合体育活动方案。
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引用次数: 0
Digging for Literature on Tailoring Cultural Offers With and for Older People From Ethnic Minority Groups: A Scoping Review 挖掘有关为少数民族老年人量身定制文化服务的文献:一项范围审查
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1002/lim2.70004
Stephanie Tierney, Jordan Gorenberg, Marta Santillo, Debra Westlake, Geoffrey Wong, Kerryn Husk, Sofia Vougioukalou, Ruthanne Baxter, Shoba Dawson, Nia Roberts, Caroline Potter, Harriet Warburton, Beth McDougall, Johannah Latchem, Kamal R Mahtani

Introduction

Social prescribing addresses non-medical issues (e.g., loneliness, financial worries, housing problems) affecting physical and/or mental health. It involves connecting people to external support or services, including ‘cultural offers’–events, groups and activities run within or by cultural organisations. Such offers need to be acceptable and accessible to diverse populations if forming part of a social prescription.

Methods

A scoping review was conducted to identify what existing literature, conducted in the United Kingdom, tells us about tailoring cultural offers for older people (aged 60+ years) from ethnic minority groups. Relevant literature was searched for on electronic databases, through Google, via a questionnaire to cultural organisations and by contacting the study's advisory group.

Results

Screening of 906 references–59 of which were read as full documents–resulted in six sources being included in the review. Some cultural activities described within them were run in traditional cultural spaces (e.g., museums, art galleries). Others were held in community centres. Data suggested that attending with others could reduce concerns about belonging. Barriers to engagement included low energy, language, poor confidence, accessing transport and unfamiliarity with a setting and/or activities. Provision of familiar food could help make people feel welcomed.

Conclusions

Reviewed papers showed that consulting with target groups is important to ensure that activities are inclusive and sympathetically delivered. The review also highlighted a paucity of published research on the topic; this means that cultural providers have little evidence to draw on when developing cultural offers for older people from ethnic minority groups.

社会处方解决影响身体和/或心理健康的非医疗问题(例如,孤独、经济担忧、住房问题)。它涉及到将人们与外部支持或服务联系起来,包括“文化提供”——在文化组织内部或由文化组织开展的事件、团体和活动。如果这些提议构成社会处方的一部分,就必须为不同人群所接受和接受。方法进行范围回顾,以确定在英国进行的现有文献,告诉我们如何为少数民族老年人(60岁以上)定制文化服务。相关文献通过电子数据库、谷歌、文化组织问卷调查和与研究咨询小组联系进行检索。结果对906篇参考文献(其中59篇作为完整文献阅读)进行筛选,6篇文献被纳入综述。其中描述的一些文化活动是在传统文化空间(如博物馆、艺术画廊)中进行的。其他人被关押在社区中心。数据显示,与他人一起参加活动可以减少对归属感的担忧。参与的障碍包括精力不足、语言不通、缺乏自信、交通不便以及对环境和/或活动不熟悉。提供熟悉的食物有助于让人们感到受欢迎。经审查的论文表明,与目标群体进行协商对于确保活动的包容性和同情心是很重要的。该审查还强调了关于该主题的已发表研究的缺乏;这意味着文化提供者在为少数民族老年人提供文化服务时几乎没有证据可以借鉴。
{"title":"Digging for Literature on Tailoring Cultural Offers With and for Older People From Ethnic Minority Groups: A Scoping Review","authors":"Stephanie Tierney,&nbsp;Jordan Gorenberg,&nbsp;Marta Santillo,&nbsp;Debra Westlake,&nbsp;Geoffrey Wong,&nbsp;Kerryn Husk,&nbsp;Sofia Vougioukalou,&nbsp;Ruthanne Baxter,&nbsp;Shoba Dawson,&nbsp;Nia Roberts,&nbsp;Caroline Potter,&nbsp;Harriet Warburton,&nbsp;Beth McDougall,&nbsp;Johannah Latchem,&nbsp;Kamal R Mahtani","doi":"10.1002/lim2.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lim2.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Social prescribing addresses non-medical issues (e.g., loneliness, financial worries, housing problems) affecting physical and/or mental health. It involves connecting people to external support or services, including ‘cultural offers’–events, groups and activities run within or by cultural organisations. Such offers need to be acceptable and accessible to diverse populations if forming part of a social prescription.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A scoping review was conducted to identify what existing literature, conducted in the United Kingdom, tells us about tailoring cultural offers for older people (aged 60+ years) from ethnic minority groups. Relevant literature was searched for on electronic databases, through Google, via a questionnaire to cultural organisations and by contacting the study's advisory group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Screening of 906 references–59 of which were read as full documents–resulted in six sources being included in the review. Some cultural activities described within them were run in traditional cultural spaces (e.g., museums, art galleries). Others were held in community centres. Data suggested that attending with others could reduce concerns about belonging. Barriers to engagement included low energy, language, poor confidence, accessing transport and unfamiliarity with a setting and/or activities. Provision of familiar food could help make people feel welcomed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Reviewed papers showed that consulting with target groups is important to ensure that activities are inclusive and sympathetically delivered. The review also highlighted a paucity of published research on the topic; this means that cultural providers have little evidence to draw on when developing cultural offers for older people from ethnic minority groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":74076,"journal":{"name":"Lifestyle medicine (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lim2.70004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142749297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How Did the COVID-19 Pandemic Change Cigarette Smoking Behavior? COVID-19大流行如何改变吸烟行为?
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1002/lim2.70005
Jason Semprini

Background

Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States. Although smoking rates have been declining, it is unclear how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted smoking behaviors.

Methods

Following a preregistered plan, we accessed population-based data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (2010–2023) to analyze three primary outcomes: (1) currently smoking, (2) number of cigarettes per day, and (3) quit smoking in the past year. Two-way fixed effect linear regression models accounted for state-level factors and temporal trends. Splitting each survey into an early and late wave, we identified the effect of exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic by comparing changes in an unexposed reference group (interviewed January 1–March 20, early wave) with the changes in an exposed group (interviewed January 1–March 31, late wave).

Results

The sample included 1,449,112 responses, among which 12.8% were in the late wave. Baseline smoking prevalence was 15.9% in the late wave, with an average of 12.5 cigarettes smoked per day among smokers. 8.6% of the late-wave respondents attempted to quit smoking in the past year. Overall, we found a negative 1.7% point association between the pandemic and smoking prevalence. However, among smokers, we found that the pandemic was associated with 5.1 more cigarettes smoked per day. The pandemic was also associated with a 6.3% point decline in the probability of attempting to quit smoking in the past year. While these results did not vary significantly over time, we did observe heterogeneous associations between the pandemic and smoking outcomes by socioeconomic subgroups.

Conclusions

Smoking prevalence continues to decline in the United States, and the pandemic appeared to have been associated with lower smoking rates. However, our results suggest that the pandemic was also associated with greater intensity and fewer quit attempts among smokers warranting greater attention from policymakers and researchers.

在美国,吸烟是导致可预防死亡的首要原因。尽管吸烟率一直在下降,但尚不清楚COVID-19大流行如何影响吸烟行为。方法根据预先登记的计划,我们从行为风险因素监测系统(2010-2023)中获取基于人群的数据,分析三个主要结局:(1)目前吸烟,(2)每天吸烟数量,(3)过去一年内戒烟。双向固定效应线性回归模型考虑了国家层面因素和时间趋势。将每次调查分为早期和晚期,我们通过比较未暴露的参考组(1月1日至3月20日,早期波)和暴露组(1月1日至3月31日,晚期波)的变化来确定暴露于COVID-19大流行的影响。结果共收集问卷1,449,112份,其中晚期患者占12.8%。在晚期,基线吸烟率为15.9%,吸烟者平均每天吸烟12.5支。8.6%的晚潮受访者在过去一年曾尝试戒烟。总体而言,我们发现流行病与吸烟率之间存在负1.7%的关联。然而,在吸烟者中,我们发现大流行与每天多抽5.1支烟有关。疫情还与去年试图戒烟的概率下降6.3%有关。虽然这些结果没有随着时间的推移而显著变化,但我们确实观察到大流行与吸烟结果之间的社会经济亚组的异质性关联。结论:美国的吸烟率持续下降,流感大流行似乎与吸烟率下降有关。然而,我们的研究结果表明,大流行也与吸烟者的强度和戒烟尝试的减少有关,这需要政策制定者和研究人员给予更多的关注。
{"title":"How Did the COVID-19 Pandemic Change Cigarette Smoking Behavior?","authors":"Jason Semprini","doi":"10.1002/lim2.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lim2.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States. Although smoking rates have been declining, it is unclear how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted smoking behaviors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Following a <i>preregistered</i> plan, we accessed population-based data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (2010–2023) to analyze three primary outcomes: (1) currently smoking, (2) number of cigarettes per day, and (3) quit smoking in the past year. Two-way fixed effect linear regression models accounted for state-level factors and temporal trends. Splitting each survey into an early and late wave, we identified the effect of exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic by comparing changes in an unexposed reference group (interviewed January 1–March 20, early wave) with the changes in an exposed group (interviewed January 1–March 31, late wave).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The sample included 1,449,112 responses, among which 12.8% were in the late wave. Baseline smoking prevalence was 15.9% in the late wave, with an average of 12.5 cigarettes smoked per day among smokers. 8.6% of the late-wave respondents attempted to quit smoking in the past year. Overall, we found a negative 1.7% point association between the pandemic and smoking prevalence. However, among smokers, we found that the pandemic was associated with 5.1 more cigarettes smoked per day. The pandemic was also associated with a 6.3% point decline in the probability of attempting to quit smoking in the past year. While these results did not vary significantly over time, we did observe heterogeneous associations between the pandemic and smoking outcomes by socioeconomic subgroups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Smoking prevalence continues to decline in the United States, and the pandemic appeared to have been associated with lower smoking rates. However, our results suggest that the pandemic was also associated with greater intensity and fewer quit attempts among smokers warranting greater attention from policymakers and researchers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":74076,"journal":{"name":"Lifestyle medicine (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lim2.70005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142749296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Association Between Health Behaviors and Mental Health Among Airline Pilots 航空公司飞行员的健康行为与心理健康之间的关系
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1002/lim2.70003
Daniel Wilson, Matthew Driller, Ben Johnston, Nicholas Gill

Background

Lifestyle behaviors including physical activity, sleep, nutrition, smoking, and alcohol consumption are independently associated with health, yet the relationship between these behaviors and mental health has not been explored among airline pilots. The aim of this study was to measure the association between health behaviors and mental health.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 502 airline pilots. The primary outcome measure was the mental component score (MCS), derived from the Short Form Health Survey 12v2. We collected information regarding age, sex, ethnicity, height, body mass, alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking status, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), fruit and vegetable intake, and sleep duration.

Results

After controlling for demographic and anthropometric parameters, MVPA, fruit and vegetable intake, and sleep duration were positively correlated with MCS (p ≤ 0.001), and alcohol consumption and tobacco smoking were negatively correlated with MCS (p ≤ 0.001). Multiple linear regression analyses revealed alcohol consumption was the strongest predictor of MCS (β = −0.308, p ≤ 0.001), followed by smoking (β = −0.236, p ≤ 0.001), MVPA (β = 0.233, p ≤ 0.001), sleep (β = 0.148, p ≤ 0.001), and fruit and vegetable intake (β = 0.097, p = 0.003).

Conclusion

The results suggest that greater physical activity, sleep duration, and fruit and vegetable intake are associated with better mental health. Meanwhile, excessive alcohol consumption and tobacco smoking undermine mental health status.

背景 生活方式行为(包括体育锻炼、睡眠、营养、吸烟和饮酒)与健康密切相关,但这些行为与精神健康之间的关系尚未在航空公司飞行员中进行探讨。本研究旨在测量健康行为与心理健康之间的关系。 方法 对 502 名航空公司飞行员进行了横断面研究。主要结果测量指标是由简表健康调查 12v2 得出的心理成分得分 (MCS)。我们收集了有关年龄、性别、种族、身高、体重、饮酒量、吸烟状况、中到剧烈运动(MVPA)、水果和蔬菜摄入量以及睡眠时间的信息。 结果 在控制了人口统计学和人体测量参数后,MVPA、水果和蔬菜摄入量以及睡眠时间与 MCS 呈正相关(p ≤ 0.001),而饮酒和吸烟与 MCS 呈负相关(p ≤ 0.001)。多元线性回归分析显示,饮酒是 MCS 的最强预测因子(β = -0.308,p ≤ 0.001),其次是吸烟(β = -0.236,p ≤ 0.001)、MVPA(β = 0.233,p ≤ 0.001)、睡眠(β = 0.148,p ≤ 0.001)和水果蔬菜摄入量(β = 0.097,p = 0.003)。 结论 研究结果表明,更多的体育活动、睡眠时间以及水果和蔬菜摄入量与更好的心理健康有关。同时,过量饮酒和吸烟会损害心理健康状况。
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引用次数: 0
Meeting Abstract 会议摘要
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1002/lim2.70001
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Canadian Physician Obituaries Between 2000 and 2023 to Investigate Trends in Death Between Specialties: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study 分析 2000 年至 2023 年加拿大医生的讣告,调查不同专业之间的死亡趋势:回顾性横断面研究
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1002/lim2.114
Angela Li, Amir-Ali Golrokhian-Sani, Maya Morcos, Marc Morcos

Objectives

A physician's work environment varies greatly depending on their medical specialty. As such, it may dictate their stress levels, work-life balance, satisfaction, and, ultimately, expected age of death. This paper aims to determine trends in Canadian physician deaths and determine the median age of death for different specialties.

Methods

We examined physician obituaries from the Canadian Medical Association Journal (CMAJ) published between 2000 and 2023, extracting age at death and medical specialty.

Results

The median age of death for doctors had a steady incline between 1999 and 2023 with a median age of 80 years. Careers in psychiatry (p = 0.020, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.00, 4.00]) and emergency medicine (p = 0.025, 95% CI [7.00, 26.00]) were associated with decreased average ages of death, while careers in surgery (p < 0.001, 95% CI [−4.00, −2.00]), internal medicine (p = 0.038, 95% CI [−3.00, −1.00]), and public health (p = 0.016. 95% CI [−9.00, −2.00]) correlated with older ages of death. Of the statistically significant specialties, emergency medicine physicians had the lowest median age at death (59 years) while surgery and public health had the highest (81.5 and 83.5, respectively).

Conclusion

Our findings indicate that the median age of death differs across different medical specialties. Moving forward, the CMAJ should report physician obituaries consistently in a standardized format as it holds the most extensive obituary dataset despite missing significant data between 2008 and 2022.

目标 医生的工作环境因其所从事的医疗专业而有很大不同。因此,这可能会决定他们的压力水平、工作与生活的平衡、满意度以及最终的预期死亡年龄。本文旨在确定加拿大医生的死亡趋势,并确定不同专业的中位死亡年龄。 方法 我们研究了《加拿大医学会杂志》(Canadian Medical Association Journal,CMAJ)在 2000 年至 2023 年间发表的医生讣告,提取了死亡年龄和医学专业。 结果 1999年至2023年间,医生死亡年龄的中位数呈稳定上升趋势,中位数年龄为80岁。精神病学(p = 0.020,95% 置信区间 [CI] [1.00, 4.00])和急诊医学(p = 0.025,95% CI [7.00, 26.00])职业与平均死亡年龄下降有关,而外科(p < 0.001,95% CI [-4.00,-2.00])、内科(p = 0.038,95% CI [-3.00,-1.00])和公共卫生(p = 0.016. 95% CI [-9.00,-2.00])与较高的死亡年龄相关。在有统计学意义的专科中,急诊科医生的死亡年龄中位数最低(59 岁),而外科和公共卫生科的死亡年龄中位数最高(分别为 81.5 岁和 83.5 岁)。 结论 我们的研究结果表明,不同医学专业的中位死亡年龄是不同的。展望未来,《中国医学杂志》应该以标准化的格式持续报道医生讣告,因为它拥有最广泛的讣告数据集,尽管在 2008 年至 2022 年期间缺失了大量数据。
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引用次数: 0
Defining the Traditional Mediterranean Lifestyle: Joint International Consensus Statement 定义传统地中海生活方式:国际联合共识声明
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.1002/lim2.115
Labros S Sidossis, Rob Lawson, Emmanuel Aprilakis, Bernardo C. Barata, Alicja Baska, Anastasia Beneka, Robert Bird, Fraser Birrell, Charistoula Chatzinikola, Maria Chondronikola, George P Chrousos, Russell Conduit, Constantina Constantinou, Barbora de Courten, Jelena Helene Cvejic, Andrew M Davis, Christiana A. Demetriou, Linda Errington, Jack Feehan, Catalina Figueroa, Mary M. Flynn, Beth Frates, Robel Hussen Kabthymer, Leonidas G Karagounis, Leila Karimi, Gerard A. Kennedy, Ourania Kolokotroni, Darinka Korovljev, Antigone Kouris-Blazos, Mehdi Kushkestani, Tassos C. Kyriakides, Emanuela Mercore Hutanu, Maria Cecilia Mosquera, Elena Nikiphorou, Nicola O'Brien, Elena Philippou, Karolina Piątek, Simon Poole, Dana Popescu-Spineni, Sue Radd-Vagenas, Amalia Sidossis, Magdalena Simonis, Helen Soultanakis, Aleksandra Telinga, Audrey Tierney, Anna Tkacz, Dimitris Vlachopoulos, Gulnur Yaman-Dent, Yang Yap, Zoe Zervides, Catherine Itsiopoulos

Introduction

The term “Mediterranean lifestyle” has gained increasing prominence in recent years, yet a specific definition remains elusive. In response, the Mediterranean Lifestyle Medicine Institute Board of Directors convened a multidisciplinary panel comprising international experts and leaders in lifestyle medicine. Their goal was to review existing literature and formulate a consensus definition of the “traditional Mediterranean lifestyle (tMedL),” referring to the historical way of living of the people in the Mediterranean region. This paper presents the agreed consensus statement and a comprehensive holistic definition of the term “traditional Mediterranean lifestyle.”

Methods

Major medical and social sciences electronic databases from inception to February 2023 were searched, employing keywords relevant to the Mediterranean lifestyle and its constituent elements (diet, physical activity, sleep, stress, socialization). Subsequently, definitions for each pillar were created and synthesized to derive a comprehensive definition of the “traditional Mediterranean lifestyle.”

Results

This proposed definition received ratification from the Mediterranean Lifestyle Medicine Institute's expert working group during the First International Mediterranean Lifestyle Medicine Conference held in June 2023 on the island of Leros, Greece. “The traditional Mediterranean lifestyle is characterized by its diverse and adaptable nature. Key facets encompass conviviality, lifelong social connectedness, purposeful living, strong community and familial bonds, harmony with nature and the environment, profound spirituality, adherence to religious practices, preservation of local customs, resilience cultivated through adversity, and a commitment to moderation across all spheres of life.”

Conclusions

This definition comprehensively outlines the primary lifestyle factors ingrained in Mediterranean inhabitants across generations. Its holistic nature furnishes a crucial conceptual framework for directing lifestyle medicine practitioners in assisting patients to mitigate diseases, promote overall well-being, devise research initiatives to investigate the health ramifications of this lifestyle, and inform curriculum development.

引言 近年来,"地中海生活方式 "一词的地位日益突出,但其具体定义却始终难以确定。为此,地中海生活方式医学研究所董事会召集了一个由生活方式医学领域的国际专家和领导者组成的多学科小组。他们的目标是审查现有文献,并就 "传统地中海生活方式(tMedL)"(指地中海地区人民的历史生活方式)的定义达成共识。本文介绍了达成共识的声明以及 "传统地中海生活方式 "一词的全面综合定义。 方法 检索从开始到 2023 年 2 月的主要医学和社会科学电子数据库,使用与地中海生活方式及其组成要素(饮食、体育锻炼、睡眠、压力、社交)相关的关键词。随后,为每个支柱创建了定义并进行了综合,从而得出了 "传统地中海生活方式 "的全面定义。 结果 2023 年 6 月在希腊莱罗斯岛举行的第一届国际地中海生活方式医学会议上,地中海生活方式医学研究所专家工作组批准了这一拟议定义。"传统的地中海生活方式具有多样性和适应性的特点。其主要特征包括:热情好客、终身的社会联系、有目的的生活、牢固的社区和家庭纽带、与自然和环境的和谐相处、深厚的精神信仰、恪守宗教习俗、保留当地风俗、在逆境中培养坚韧不拔的精神,以及在生活的各个领域致力于适度生活"。 结论 这一定义全面概述了地中海居民世代相传的主要生活方式。它的整体性为生活方式医学从业者提供了一个重要的概念框架,指导他们帮助病人减轻疾病、促进整体健康、设计研究计划以调查这种生活方式对健康的影响,并为课程开发提供信息。
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引用次数: 0
Type 2 Diabetic Patients and Their Awareness About Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Diabetic Centers of Riyadh City 利雅得市糖尿病中心的 2 型糖尿病患者及其对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的认识
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-08-14 DOI: 10.1002/lim2.116
Ahmed H. Mujamammi, Essa M. Sabi, Faisal M. Alsaawi, Naif A. Alfahed, Omar A. Alrajhi, Hamad A. Alshaalan, Mohamed F. Alqahtani, Mohammed A. Alamer

Aims

Lack of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) awareness both directly and indirectly causes a medical and financial burden worldwide. The objective of this study is to provide new insights, focusing on type 2 diabetics and their knowledge levels about OSA in King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and to recognize obesity as a common risk factor contributing to OSA in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) participants.

Methods

An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2022 to December 2022 with a convenience sampling method of 386 participants (18 years old and above). The study was done face-to-face using an electronic questionnaire. The inclusion criterion was all T2DM patients at the waiting area of KKUH Diabetes Center in Riyadh, excluding participants with other metabolic disorders.

Results

Overall knowledge levels were poor, with 70.2% of participants not knowledgeable about the disease and 81.3% of participants having no knowledge concerning the bidirectional relationship between T2DM and OSA. Statistical significance was found between the risk of developing OSA symptoms and body mass index ≥30 (p ≤ 0.001).

Conclusion

The majority have very little to no knowledge regarding OSA and its bidirectional relationship with T2DM, indicating the need to put more effort into improving participant's awareness in this regard. Moreover, obesity should be considered as a common risk factor, recommending patients to practice healthier habits to minimize the risks and decrease mortality.

目的 缺乏对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)的认识直接或间接地给全世界造成了医疗和经济负担。本研究旨在提供新的见解,重点关注沙特阿拉伯利雅得哈立德国王大学医院(KKUH)的 2 型糖尿病患者及其对 OSA 的认知水平,并认识到肥胖是导致 2 型糖尿病(T2DM)患者发生 OSA 的常见风险因素。 方法 一项分析性横断面研究于 2022 年 7 月至 2022 年 12 月进行,采用方便抽样法,共抽取了 386 名参与者(18 岁及以上)。研究使用电子问卷进行面对面调查。纳入标准为利雅得 KKUH 糖尿病中心候诊区的所有 T2DM 患者,不包括患有其他代谢疾病的参与者。 结果 总体知识水平较低,70.2%的参与者不了解该疾病,81.3%的参与者不了解 T2DM 与 OSA 之间的双向关系。出现 OSA 症状的风险与体重指数≥30 之间存在统计学意义(P ≤ 0.001)。 结论 大多数人对 OSA 及其与 T2DM 的双向关系知之甚少甚至一无所知,这表明有必要加大力度提高参与者在这方面的认识。此外,肥胖也应被视为一种常见的风险因素,建议患者养成更健康的生活习惯,以最大限度地降低风险和死亡率。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Lifestyle medicine (Hoboken, N.J.)
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