Anke H. C. Gielen, Britt J. M. Thomassen, Tim J. Bult, Jarno Melenhorst, Merel L. Kimman, Stephanie O. Breukink
Background
Colorectal cancer is identified as a lifestyle-related type of cancer. There is an increasing emphasis on lifestyle interventions targeting pivotal lifestyle factors such as excess weight, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, poor diet and physical inactivity as primary and tertiary prevention. Furthermore, modifying these lifestyle factors has the potential to improve quality of life for cancer patients. We aim to identify, appraise and synthesise the available evidence regarding the effect of combined lifestyle interventions on quality of life in colorectal cancer survivors.
Methods
Pubmed, Ovid Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies reporting on quality of life in post-treatment colorectal cancer patients. The systematic literature search was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.
Results
Five articles reporting on 719 individual patients were included. Two studies reported significantly better results in (cancer-specific) quality-of-life questionnaires for patients after combined lifestyle interventions.
Conclusion
We conclude that there is some evidence that combined lifestyle interventions could have beneficial effects on the quality of life of colorectal cancer survivors. Future randomised controlled trials reporting on quality of life of combined lifestyle interventions in colorectal cancer survivors are warranted.
{"title":"The Effect of Post-Treatment Combined Lifestyle Interventions on Quality of Life in Colorectal Cancer Patients – A Systematic Review","authors":"Anke H. C. Gielen, Britt J. M. Thomassen, Tim J. Bult, Jarno Melenhorst, Merel L. Kimman, Stephanie O. Breukink","doi":"10.1002/lim2.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lim2.109","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Colorectal cancer is identified as a lifestyle-related type of cancer. There is an increasing emphasis on lifestyle interventions targeting pivotal lifestyle factors such as excess weight, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, poor diet and physical inactivity as primary and tertiary prevention. Furthermore, modifying these lifestyle factors has the potential to improve quality of life for cancer patients. We aim to identify, appraise and synthesise the available evidence regarding the effect of combined lifestyle interventions on quality of life in colorectal cancer survivors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pubmed, Ovid Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies reporting on quality of life in post-treatment colorectal cancer patients. The systematic literature search was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Five articles reporting on 719 individual patients were included. Two studies reported significantly better results in (cancer-specific) quality-of-life questionnaires for patients after combined lifestyle interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conclude that there is some evidence that combined lifestyle interventions could have beneficial effects on the quality of life of colorectal cancer survivors. Future randomised controlled trials reporting on quality of life of combined lifestyle interventions in colorectal cancer survivors are warranted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":74076,"journal":{"name":"Lifestyle medicine (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lim2.109","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141536612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Robert G Memelink, Aveline Hijlkema, Bas Valentin, Martinet T Streppel, Wilrike J Pasman, Suzan Wopereis, Johan de Vogel-van den Bosch, Michael Tieland, Josje D Schoufour, Ivan Bautmans, Peter JM Weijs
Introduction
Lifestyle interventions combining caloric restriction with resistance exercise have the potential to preserve lean mass during weight loss. Additional protein intake can further improve lean mass. However, it is unclear whether these effects are sustained after completion of the intervention. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effect of a 3-month lifestyle intervention, with or without supplementation of a protein drink, to preserve lean mass in older adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes at 6 months post-intervention.
Methods
Adults (n = 123) aged ≥55 years with obesity and type 2 diabetes were enrolled in a 3-month intensive lifestyle intervention including a hypocaloric diet, resistance exercise and high-intensity interval training. Participants were randomized to either receive a leucine and vitamin D-enriched protein drink or an isocaloric control drink. The 3-month intervention was followed by a 6-month phase without intervention. At baseline, 3 and 9 months (follow-up) body composition, physical functioning, physical activity and quality of life were assessed. Statistical analyses were performed using linear mixed models.
Results
Body weight loss was largely sustained at follow-up (−2.1 kg compared to baseline, 95% CI [−2.8, −1.5]) and comprised a sustained loss of fat mass (−2.6 kg, 95% CI [−3.2, −2.0]) with a simultaneous gain of lean mass (+0.7 kg, 95% CI [+0.2, +1.2]). Improvements in 400 m walk speed (+0.05 m/s, 95% CI [+0.03, +0.08]) and chair stand test time (−1.5 s, 95% CI [−1.9, −1.1]) were sustained at follow-up. There were no differences in these changes between the protein supplementation group and the control group at follow-up.
Conclusions
Older adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes preserved their lean mass, their loss of fat mass and their improvements in physical functioning at 6 months post-intervention. Protein supplementation during intervention did not affect outcomes at follow-up.
导言 结合热量限制和阻力运动的生活方式干预措施有可能在减肥期间保持瘦体重。额外摄入蛋白质可进一步提高瘦体重。然而，目前还不清楚这些效果在干预结束后是否会持续。本研究旨在评估为期 3 个月的生活方式干预（无论是否补充蛋白质饮料）对肥胖和 2 型糖尿病老年人在干预后 6 个月保持瘦体重的长期效果。 方法 年龄≥55 岁的肥胖和 2 型糖尿病成人（n = 123）参加为期 3 个月的强化生活方式干预，包括低热量饮食、阻力运动和高强度间歇训练。参与者被随机分配到一种富含亮氨酸和维生素 D 的蛋白质饮料或一种等热量的对照饮料中。在为期 3 个月的干预之后是为期 6 个月的无干预阶段。在基线、3 个月和 9 个月（随访）期间，对身体成分、身体机能、体力活动和生活质量进行了评估。采用线性混合模型进行统计分析。 结果 随访期间，体重下降基本保持不变（与基线相比，体重下降 2.1 千克，95% CI [-2.8, -1.5]），其中脂肪含量持续下降（-2.6 千克，95% CI [-3.2, -2.0]），同时瘦肉含量增加（+0.7 千克，95% CI [+0.2, +1.2]）。400 米步行速度（+0.05 米/秒，95% CI [+0.03，+0.08]）和椅子站立测试时间（-1.5 秒，95% CI [-1.9，-1.1]）的改善在随访中得以持续。在随访期间，补充蛋白质组与对照组在这些变化上没有差异。 结论 患有肥胖症和 2 型糖尿病的老年人在干预后 6 个月仍能保持其瘦肉含量、脂肪含量和身体机能的改善。干预期间补充蛋白质不会影响随访结果。
{"title":"Long-term preservation of lean mass and sustained loss of fat mass after completion of an intensive lifestyle intervention in older adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes","authors":"Robert G Memelink, Aveline Hijlkema, Bas Valentin, Martinet T Streppel, Wilrike J Pasman, Suzan Wopereis, Johan de Vogel-van den Bosch, Michael Tieland, Josje D Schoufour, Ivan Bautmans, Peter JM Weijs","doi":"10.1002/lim2.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lim2.103","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lifestyle interventions combining caloric restriction with resistance exercise have the potential to preserve lean mass during weight loss. Additional protein intake can further improve lean mass. However, it is unclear whether these effects are sustained after completion of the intervention. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effect of a 3-month lifestyle intervention, with or without supplementation of a protein drink, to preserve lean mass in older adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes at 6 months post-intervention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adults (<i>n</i> = 123) aged ≥55 years with obesity and type 2 diabetes were enrolled in a 3-month intensive lifestyle intervention including a hypocaloric diet, resistance exercise and high-intensity interval training. Participants were randomized to either receive a leucine and vitamin D-enriched protein drink or an isocaloric control drink. The 3-month intervention was followed by a 6-month phase without intervention. At baseline, 3 and 9 months (follow-up) body composition, physical functioning, physical activity and quality of life were assessed. Statistical analyses were performed using linear mixed models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Body weight loss was largely sustained at follow-up (−2.1 kg compared to baseline, 95% CI [−2.8, −1.5]) and comprised a sustained loss of fat mass (−2.6 kg, 95% CI [−3.2, −2.0]) with a simultaneous gain of lean mass (+0.7 kg, 95% CI [+0.2, +1.2]). Improvements in 400 m walk speed (+0.05 m/s, 95% CI [+0.03, +0.08]) and chair stand test time (−1.5 s, 95% CI [−1.9, −1.1]) were sustained at follow-up. There were no differences in these changes between the protein supplementation group and the control group at follow-up.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Older adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes preserved their lean mass, their loss of fat mass and their improvements in physical functioning at 6 months post-intervention. Protein supplementation during intervention did not affect outcomes at follow-up.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":74076,"journal":{"name":"Lifestyle medicine (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lim2.103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141308858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elaheh Dehghani, Keyvan Karimi, Hananeh Ghelichi-Moghaddam Sokke, Mohammad Amin Khadembashiri, Fatemeh Ghavidel, Amir Hossein Memari
Background
Adopting a healthy lifestyle and improvements in medical care have led to an increase in life expectancy. Thus, the development and implementation of techniques for assessing healthy lifestyles have garnered more attention recently. Finding and evaluating healthy lifestyle assessment tools across all demographics is the goal of this systematic review.
Method
Using online databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and APA PsycINFO, a systematic literature review was carried out in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses. Registration DOI https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/ZD9XK for the review has been set on Open Science Framework (OSF). Using the quality standards proposed for measuring features of health status surveys, two independent reviewers evaluated the methodological quality ratings of the eligible studies.
Results
From 7480 studies, 47 eligible instruments were identified and included in the review. Most of the studies followed the World Health Organization's definition of healthy lifestyle to develop the scales. The instruments are categorized into those used to assess general lifestyle or healthy lifestyle in general as well as in the clinical population. Physical activity, nutrition, tobacco use, alcohol use, and stress management were the most assessed modules of healthy lifestyle. Furthermore, validity, reliability, responsiveness, floor and ceiling effects, and interpretability were among the psychometric qualities that were frequently assessed.
Conclusion
Lifestyle questionnaires can be used to identify specific risk factors in a variety of populations, as well as to plan community-based intervention programs, by acting as a predictive diagnostic tool and preventive measure. The majority of the assessments of healthy lifestyles that are currently accessible require improvements.
背景 采用健康的生活方式和医疗保健的改善使人们的预期寿命延长。因此，健康生活方式评估技术的开发和实施近来受到越来越多的关注。本系统性综述的目的是寻找和评估所有人群的健康生活方式评估工具。 方法 使用在线数据库 PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science 和 APA PsycINFO，按照《系统综述和元分析首选报告项目》进行系统文献综述。综述的注册 DOI https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/ZD9XK 已设置在开放科学框架（OSF）上。两位独立评审员采用为衡量健康状况调查特征而提出的质量标准，对符合条件的研究进行了方法学质量评级。 结果 从 7480 项研究中，确定了 47 项符合条件的工具并将其纳入审查范围。大多数研究遵循世界卫生组织对健康生活方式的定义来编制量表。这些工具可分为用于评估一般生活方式或健康生活方式的工具以及用于评估临床人群的工具。体育锻炼、营养、吸烟、饮酒和压力管理是健康生活方式中评估最多的模块。此外，有效性、可靠性、响应性、最低和最高效应以及可解释性也是经常评估的心理测量质量。 结论 生活方式问卷可作为一种预测诊断工具和预防措施，用于识别各种人群中的特定风险因素，以及规划基于社区的干预计划。目前可获得的大多数健康生活方式评估都需要改进。
{"title":"Healthy lifestyle scales to assess general and clinical population: A systematic review with narrative synthesis","authors":"Elaheh Dehghani, Keyvan Karimi, Hananeh Ghelichi-Moghaddam Sokke, Mohammad Amin Khadembashiri, Fatemeh Ghavidel, Amir Hossein Memari","doi":"10.1002/lim2.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lim2.104","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adopting a healthy lifestyle and improvements in medical care have led to an increase in life expectancy. Thus, the development and implementation of techniques for assessing healthy lifestyles have garnered more attention recently. Finding and evaluating healthy lifestyle assessment tools across all demographics is the goal of this systematic review.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using online databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and APA PsycINFO, a systematic literature review was carried out in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses. Registration DOI https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/ZD9XK for the review has been set on Open Science Framework (OSF). Using the quality standards proposed for measuring features of health status surveys, two independent reviewers evaluated the methodological quality ratings of the eligible studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From 7480 studies, 47 eligible instruments were identified and included in the review. Most of the studies followed the World Health Organization's definition of healthy lifestyle to develop the scales. The instruments are categorized into those used to assess general lifestyle or healthy lifestyle in general as well as in the clinical population. Physical activity, nutrition, tobacco use, alcohol use, and stress management were the most assessed modules of healthy lifestyle. Furthermore, validity, reliability, responsiveness, floor and ceiling effects, and interpretability were among the psychometric qualities that were frequently assessed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lifestyle questionnaires can be used to identify specific risk factors in a variety of populations, as well as to plan community-based intervention programs, by acting as a predictive diagnostic tool and preventive measure. The majority of the assessments of healthy lifestyles that are currently accessible require improvements.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":74076,"journal":{"name":"Lifestyle medicine (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lim2.104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141164936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Current health education typically prizes and prioritises a biomedical sensibility in clinical practice, often to the detriment of the patient experience. In exploring the impact of the clinical gaze on patient experiences of medical care, this article argues for integrating interpersonal and technical skills in modern medicine, emphasising the value of holistic and compassionate care.
{"title":"The clinical gaze: Its power and purpose in determining the patient experience and the value of interpersonal and technical skills in medicine","authors":"Hamaad Ahmad Khan","doi":"10.1002/lim2.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lim2.102","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Current health education typically prizes and prioritises a biomedical sensibility in clinical practice, often to the detriment of the patient experience. In exploring the impact of the clinical gaze on patient experiences of medical care, this article argues for integrating interpersonal and technical skills in modern medicine, emphasising the value of holistic and compassionate care.</p>","PeriodicalId":74076,"journal":{"name":"Lifestyle medicine (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"5 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lim2.102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140345745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This reflective essay explores a medical student's evolving understanding of the relative roles of technical and interpersonal skills in shaping the patient experience.
Methods
The author's personal reflections on the relative roles of technical and interpersonal skills are supplemented with discussion of relevant literature.
Results and Discussion
Initially focused on the technical aspects of medicine, the author's perspective shifts upon entering clinical practice. The essay begins by emphasising the importance of interpersonal skills in patient satisfaction, drawing on personal experiences from general practice and supporting literature. However, a pivotal experience on a respiratory ward reveals the profound impact of interpersonal skills on both patient satisfaction and clinical outcomes. With further reflection incorporating relevant literature, it becomes clear that this case in-fact underscores the interplay between technical knowledge and interpersonal skills.
Conclusion
The reflective exploration concludes with the insight that these skillsets are not independent but interdependent and synergistic. The essay thus advocates for an integrated approach (combining technical expertise with strong interpersonal communication) to foster patient partnerships and enhance the overall patient experience.
{"title":"From clinical competence to human connection: A reflective journey to patient-centred care","authors":"David Gringras","doi":"10.1002/lim2.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lim2.101","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This reflective essay explores a medical student's evolving understanding of the relative roles of technical and interpersonal skills in shaping the patient experience.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The author's personal reflections on the relative roles of technical and interpersonal skills are supplemented with discussion of relevant literature.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results and Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Initially focused on the technical aspects of medicine, the author's perspective shifts upon entering clinical practice. The essay begins by emphasising the importance of interpersonal skills in patient satisfaction, drawing on personal experiences from general practice and supporting literature. However, a pivotal experience on a respiratory ward reveals the profound impact of interpersonal skills on both patient satisfaction and clinical outcomes. With further reflection incorporating relevant literature, it becomes clear that this case in-fact underscores the interplay between technical knowledge and interpersonal skills.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The reflective exploration concludes with the insight that these skillsets are not independent but interdependent and synergistic. The essay thus advocates for an integrated approach (combining technical expertise with strong interpersonal communication) to foster patient partnerships and enhance the overall patient experience.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":74076,"journal":{"name":"Lifestyle medicine (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"5 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lim2.101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140161469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Medical literature seems not to have a consistent definition of interpersonal skills, but there is a consensus on the value of emotional intelligence, empathy and effective communication. This editorial reflects on both empirical data and personal experience to consider the relative value of interpersonal versus technical skills in the patient experience of partnership in healthcare. It explores the question of whether technical or interpersonal skills are more valuable in medical care. On highlighting the different attitudes towards technical and interpersonal skills among patients in different medical specialities, this editorial suggests that the contemporary focus on interpersonal skills is driven by a recognition that patient experience encompasses more than just successful outcomes. The quality of a patient's remaining life and their sense of respect, care and dignity are also important. It concludes with the emphasis that both technical and interpersonal skills are crucial in patient care and that a holistic understanding of patient experience can enhance medical education and practice.
{"title":"Patient experience of partnership: What is the relative value of interpersonal skill?","authors":"Elizabeth Bell","doi":"10.1002/lim2.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lim2.100","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Medical literature seems not to have a consistent definition of interpersonal skills, but there is a consensus on the value of emotional intelligence, empathy and effective communication. This editorial reflects on both empirical data and personal experience to consider the relative value of interpersonal versus technical skills in the patient experience of partnership in healthcare. It explores the question of whether technical or interpersonal skills are more valuable in medical care. On highlighting the different attitudes towards technical and interpersonal skills among patients in different medical specialities, this editorial suggests that the contemporary focus on interpersonal skills is driven by a recognition that patient experience encompasses more than just successful outcomes. The quality of a patient's remaining life and their sense of respect, care and dignity are also important. It concludes with the emphasis that both technical and interpersonal skills are crucial in patient care and that a holistic understanding of patient experience can enhance medical education and practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":74076,"journal":{"name":"Lifestyle medicine (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"5 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lim2.100","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140066569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lawrence Paddon, Kristi L. Storoschuk, Vivienne Acuna, Arian Ariaye, Olivia Brandon, Nicolas Di Leo, Ryan Gharios, Kaylie Zapanta, Thomas R. Wood, David Horner
Contemporary students increasingly benefit from non-hierarchical education, including peer-led work, which moves beyond more ridged traditional educational structures. Such approaches encourage engagement, two-way communication, diversity of thought and collaboration. This piece shares the stories and experiences of students with a shared interest in health promotion and lifestyle medicine who took part in a peer-led, internationally based online student group. The forum aimed to provide a space for students to explore and discuss diverse topics within the health sphere in an attempt to bridge the gap between areas of expertise and education. The group capitalised on the normalisation of remote video meetings following the COVID-19 pandemic to bring together a small group of diverse students from across the globe on a weekly basis for journal clubs, presentations, debates and guest lectures. Group member feedback was obtained and highlighted key gaps in much traditional education, which the group addressed. These included moving beyond educational and research silos, the importance of preventative health approaches and the need for more judgement-free and inclusive learning environments. Alignment with the current health landscape and potential for scaling the group format more widely is discussed. The article concludes by emphasising the advantages of this approach in fostering a network of learners prepared to tackle future health challenges.
{"title":"The better health club: A model for global, interdisciplinary learning in lifestyle medicine","authors":"Lawrence Paddon, Kristi L. Storoschuk, Vivienne Acuna, Arian Ariaye, Olivia Brandon, Nicolas Di Leo, Ryan Gharios, Kaylie Zapanta, Thomas R. Wood, David Horner","doi":"10.1002/lim2.99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lim2.99","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Contemporary students increasingly benefit from non-hierarchical education, including peer-led work, which moves beyond more ridged traditional educational structures. Such approaches encourage engagement, two-way communication, diversity of thought and collaboration. This piece shares the stories and experiences of students with a shared interest in health promotion and lifestyle medicine who took part in a peer-led, internationally based online student group. The forum aimed to provide a space for students to explore and discuss diverse topics within the health sphere in an attempt to bridge the gap between areas of expertise and education. The group capitalised on the normalisation of remote video meetings following the COVID-19 pandemic to bring together a small group of diverse students from across the globe on a weekly basis for journal clubs, presentations, debates and guest lectures. Group member feedback was obtained and highlighted key gaps in much traditional education, which the group addressed. These included moving beyond educational and research silos, the importance of preventative health approaches and the need for more judgement-free and inclusive learning environments. Alignment with the current health landscape and potential for scaling the group format more widely is discussed. The article concludes by emphasising the advantages of this approach in fostering a network of learners prepared to tackle future health challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":74076,"journal":{"name":"Lifestyle medicine (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"5 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lim2.99","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140000781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stephanie Tierney, Rosie Rowe, Emily L Connally, Nia W Roberts, Kamal R Mahtani, Jordan Gorenberg
Introduction
Loneliness can have a negative impact on people's physical and psychological well-being; building social capital is a potential means of addressing this connection. Community initiatives (e.g. groups, clubs, neighbourhood activities) may be a route that enables people to build social capital to tackle loneliness. Understanding what is known, and where gaps in knowledge exist, is important for advancing research on this topic.
Methods
A scoping review was undertaken to explore the question – What community initiatives, with a focus on well-being, have been evaluated in the United Kingdom that include information about social capital and loneliness? Four databases (Medline, CINAHL, ASSIA and Embase) were searched for relevant research papers. References were screened by two researchers to identify if they met the review's inclusion criteria. Data were summarised as a narrative and in tables.
Results
Five papers met the review's inclusion criteria. They all used qualitative methods. Findings suggested that social capital could be developed through creating a sense of trust, group cohesion and reciprocity among participants in the community initiatives. This connection enabled people to experience a sense of belonging and to feel they had a meaningful relationship with others, which appeared to alleviate feelings of loneliness.
Conclusion
More research is warranted on the review topic, including studies that have employed quantitative or mixed methods. Clarity around definitions of social capital and loneliness in future research is required. Engagement with community initiatives can provide a formalised route to help people develop connections and counteract limitations in their social networks. However, individuals may be wary about attending community initiatives, needing support and encouragement to do so. Social prescribing link workers are one means of motivating people to access groups, events or organisations that could improve their well-being.
{"title":"Community initiatives for well-being in the United Kingdom and their role in developing social capital and addressing loneliness: A scoping review","authors":"Stephanie Tierney, Rosie Rowe, Emily L Connally, Nia W Roberts, Kamal R Mahtani, Jordan Gorenberg","doi":"10.1002/lim2.98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lim2.98","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Loneliness can have a negative impact on people's physical and psychological well-being; building social capital is a potential means of addressing this connection. Community initiatives (e.g. groups, clubs, neighbourhood activities) may be a route that enables people to build social capital to tackle loneliness. Understanding what is known, and where gaps in knowledge exist, is important for advancing research on this topic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A scoping review was undertaken to explore the question – <i>What community initiatives, with a focus on well-being, have been evaluated in the United Kingdom that include information about social capital and loneliness?</i> Four databases (Medline, CINAHL, ASSIA and Embase) were searched for relevant research papers. References were screened by two researchers to identify if they met the review's inclusion criteria. Data were summarised as a narrative and in tables.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Five papers met the review's inclusion criteria. They all used qualitative methods. Findings suggested that social capital could be developed through creating a sense of trust, group cohesion and reciprocity among participants in the community initiatives. This connection enabled people to experience a sense of belonging and to feel they had a meaningful relationship with others, which appeared to alleviate feelings of loneliness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>More research is warranted on the review topic, including studies that have employed quantitative or mixed methods. Clarity around definitions of social capital and loneliness in future research is required. Engagement with community initiatives can provide a formalised route to help people develop connections and counteract limitations in their social networks. However, individuals may be wary about attending community initiatives, needing support and encouragement to do so. Social prescribing link workers are one means of motivating people to access groups, events or organisations that could improve their well-being.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":74076,"journal":{"name":"Lifestyle medicine (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lim2.98","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139550519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anja Englund, Johan Nilsson Sommar, Benno Krachler
Introduction
The behaviour change technique taxonomy version 1 was developed to identify the smallest active ingredients of a lifestyle intervention, that is, behaviour change techniques (BCTs) based on a written description. By participation and direct observation of an intervention, we intend to not only identify BCTs but also assess exposure time for each BCT. Adding the dimension of exposure time should enable us to make quantitative comparisons between the different BCTs employed. We intend to demonstrate this by studying the hypotheses that exposure to information-related BCTs is similar for all targeted lifestyle modalities but decreases in the course of the intervention.
Methods
During 5-week intensive multimodal lifestyle interventions at a Swedish clinic for lifestyle medicine, we identified BCTs according to behaviour change technique taxonomy version 1 and noted exposure times to BCTs in all mandatory parts of the behaviour change intervention.
Results
Two hundred thirty-one independent intervention components were evaluated. BCTs 8.1 Behavioural practice/rehearsal (126 h), 4.1 Instruction on how to perform the behaviour (98 h) and 6.1 Demonstration of the behaviour (65 h) were the most common in terms of exposure time. Relative exposure to BCTs with an informative nature was similar for the different treatment phases (33%−37%−28%; p = 0.09) but higher for physical activity compared to food habits, stress management and unspecific lifestyle medicine (63%−25%−22%−25%; p < 0.001).
Conclusions
The behaviour change technique taxonomy version 1 can be extended by adding exposure time for different BCTs. The resulting BCT–exposure profile can be used for assessing the relative importance of different behaviour change strategies.
{"title":"The behaviour change technique: Profile of a multimodal lifestyle intervention","authors":"Anja Englund, Johan Nilsson Sommar, Benno Krachler","doi":"10.1002/lim2.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lim2.97","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The behaviour change technique taxonomy version 1 was developed to identify the smallest active ingredients of a lifestyle intervention, that is, behaviour change techniques (BCTs) based on a written description. By participation and direct observation of an intervention, we intend to not only identify BCTs but also assess exposure time for each BCT. Adding the dimension of exposure time should enable us to make quantitative comparisons between the different BCTs employed. We intend to demonstrate this by studying the hypotheses that exposure to information-related BCTs is similar for all targeted lifestyle modalities but decreases in the course of the intervention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During 5-week intensive multimodal lifestyle interventions at a Swedish clinic for lifestyle medicine, we identified BCTs according to behaviour change technique taxonomy version 1 and noted exposure times to BCTs in all mandatory parts of the behaviour change intervention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two hundred thirty-one independent intervention components were evaluated. BCTs 8.1 <i>Behavioural practice/rehearsal</i> (126 h), 4.1 I<i>nstruction on how to perform the behaviour</i> (98 h) and 6.1 <i>Demonstration of the behaviour</i> (65 h) were the most common in terms of exposure time. Relative exposure to BCTs with an informative nature was similar for the different treatment phases (33%−37%−28%; <i>p</i> = 0.09) but higher for physical activity compared to food habits, stress management and unspecific lifestyle medicine (63%−25%−22%−25%; <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The behaviour change technique taxonomy version 1 can be extended by adding exposure time for different BCTs. The resulting BCT–exposure profile can be used for assessing the relative importance of different behaviour change strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":74076,"journal":{"name":"Lifestyle medicine (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lim2.97","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139504590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the rapid growth of urbanization globally and in the UK, increasing attention is now being directed towards urban green spaces (UGS). The appeal of UGS to policymakers lies in their capacity to address multiple policy objectives, including improving physical and mental wellbeing, mitigating noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), combating climate change through carbon sequestration, providing climate adaptation measures, and enhancing biodiversity.
Method
This narrative review gives an overview of the current literature and UK policy relating to urban green and blue spaces, with a particular focus on the use of UGS to increase physical activity levels.
Results
UGS have a profound impact on public health, with evidence indicating their positive effect on both physical and psychological health. Thirty-eight percent of adults in the UK do not live within 15 minutes of UGS, so policy makers at national and international level are aiming to address this gap. One reason for the health benefits of UGS is associated increased physical activity, a vital component needed to address the burden of non-communicable disease. To effectively harness UGS to promote physical activity various factors must be considered; proximity and diversity of urban green spaces, and the presence of suitable infrastructure features. Tailoring UGS to meet the needs and preferences of different population demographics is essential, as is ensuring safety, and addressing barriers to access particularly for lower socio-economic groups. The careful planning of UGS must avoid potential gentrification effects and displacement of vulnerable communities, whilst utilising the equigenic nature of UGS.
Conclusions
To create a brighter future and capitalize on the potential of UGS, a collaborative approach is needed, involving communities, local governments, and national authorities. Primary-care professionals, represented by organizations like the Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP), can play a crucial role in advocating for UGS and physical activity, promoting their use, and providing guidance and support.
{"title":"Urban green and blue spaces for influencing physical activity in the United Kingdom: A narrative review of the policy and evidence","authors":"Callum Leese, Hussain Al-Zubaidi","doi":"10.1002/lim2.96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lim2.96","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>With the rapid growth of urbanization globally and in the UK, increasing attention is now being directed towards urban green spaces (UGS). The appeal of UGS to policymakers lies in their capacity to address multiple policy objectives, including improving physical and mental wellbeing, mitigating noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), combating climate change through carbon sequestration, providing climate adaptation measures, and enhancing biodiversity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This narrative review gives an overview of the current literature and UK policy relating to urban green and blue spaces, with a particular focus on the use of UGS to increase physical activity levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>UGS have a profound impact on public health, with evidence indicating their positive effect on both physical and psychological health. Thirty-eight percent of adults in the UK do not live within 15 minutes of UGS, so policy makers at national and international level are aiming to address this gap. One reason for the health benefits of UGS is associated increased physical activity, a vital component needed to address the burden of non-communicable disease. To effectively harness UGS to promote physical activity various factors must be considered; proximity and diversity of urban green spaces, and the presence of suitable infrastructure features. Tailoring UGS to meet the needs and preferences of different population demographics is essential, as is ensuring safety, and addressing barriers to access particularly for lower socio-economic groups. The careful planning of UGS must avoid potential gentrification effects and displacement of vulnerable communities, whilst utilising the equigenic nature of UGS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To create a brighter future and capitalize on the potential of UGS, a collaborative approach is needed, involving communities, local governments, and national authorities. Primary-care professionals, represented by organizations like the Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP), can play a crucial role in advocating for UGS and physical activity, promoting their use, and providing guidance and support.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":74076,"journal":{"name":"Lifestyle medicine (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lim2.96","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138491374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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