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Disgust and Anxiety Sensitivity as Vulnerability Factors in Misophonia 厌恶和焦虑敏感性是恐音症的易感因素
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/pbs.20230130095513
Usha Barahmand, Maria Mantzikos, Ying Xiang, Naila Shamsina, Esther Rotlevi
Objective: This study was aimed at exploring the association between disgust sensitivity and misophonia. We explored the mediating mechanisms underlying this relationship by specifically examining the mediating role of components of anxiety sensitivity in this association. Methods: Two hundred and thirteen individuals completed the online measures of disgust sensitivity, anxiety sensitivity and misophonia. Results: The results indicated that core disgust was significantly and positively associated with misophonic distress and aggressive behavioral reactions to triggers of misophonia but failed to correlate with nonaggressive reactions to the distress elicitors. Furthermore, the social concerns component of anxiety sensitivity partly mediated the association between core disgust and misophonic distress and the cognitive concerns component of anxiety sensitivity served as a mediator in the relationship of core disgust and aggressive behavioral reactions to misophonic distress elicitors. Direct effects of core disgust on misophonic distress were also found. Conclusions: Results highlight the significance of identifying the mechanisms that underlie the mediated paths between core disgust and emotional-behavioral features of misophonia. Findings point to a distinction between misophonia and obsessive compulsive and related disorders. Theoretical implications involving ‘not just right experiences’, sociomoral disgust and mental contamination are discussed.
目的:探讨厌恶敏感性与恐音症的关系。我们通过具体检查焦虑敏感性成分在这种关联中的中介作用,探索了这种关系的中介机制。方法:213名受试者完成厌恶敏感性、焦虑敏感性和恐音症在线测试。结果:核心厌恶与恐音痛苦和对恐音障碍触发因素的攻击行为反应显著正相关,但与对痛苦触发因素的非攻击反应不相关。此外,焦虑敏感性的社会关注成分在核心厌恶和恐音困扰之间起部分中介作用,焦虑敏感性的认知关注成分在核心厌恶和恐音困扰诱发者的攻击行为反应之间起中介作用。核心厌恶对恐音苦恼的直接影响也被发现。结论:研究结果强调了识别核心厌恶和恐音症情绪行为特征之间中介通路的机制的重要性。研究结果指出了恐音症和强迫症及相关疾病之间的区别。理论含义涉及“不只是正确的经验”,社会道德厌恶和精神污染进行了讨论。
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引用次数: 0
Polyuria after discontinuation of methylphenidate treatment in a child with ADHD 1例ADHD患儿停用哌甲酯治疗后出现多尿
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/pbs.20220925093051
Dilara Ozdemir, Yasemin Imrek, Ali Tufan, Yusuf Ozturk, Setenay Sarioglu
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by impairing inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Stimulants, including methylphenidate (MPH) are commonly used for its management.MPH has been reported to improve nocturnal enuresis among children with ADHD previously, although there were also reports of enuresis associated with its use. Here we report a case of polyuria probably related with MPH discontinuation. Regardless of its mechanism clinicians should be aware of polyuria after cessation of MPH treatment.
注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的特点是注意力不集中、多动和冲动。兴奋剂,包括哌甲酯(MPH)通常用于其管理。此前有报道称,MPH可改善ADHD儿童的夜间遗尿,但也有报道称,使用MPH可导致遗尿。我们在此报告一例可能与停药有关的多尿症。无论其机制如何,临床医生都应该意识到停止MPH治疗后的多尿。
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引用次数: 0
The Effects of Child and Adolescent Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder and Associated Executive Function Deficits on Family Functioning 儿童和青少年注意缺陷/多动障碍及相关执行功能缺陷对家庭功能的影响
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/pbs.20220525080051
U. Savcı, A. Tufan, Y. Ozturk, M. Cansız
Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of ADHD and associated executive dysfunctions on family functioning and enrolled children aged between 8- 17 years old diagnosed with ADHD at the study center. The control group was formed of children attending well-child visits at the study center. Method: Executive functions were measured via the Stroop test- TBAG form while the Family Assessment Device (FAD) was used to assess family functioning. Diagnoses were ascertained with K-SADS-PL and symptom severity was reported by parents via the Turgay DSM-IV–Based Child and Adolescent Behavior Disorders Screening and Rating Scale. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate methods were used in analyses. P was set at 0.05 (Holm-Bonferroni procedure was used to control for family-wise error rate). Results: Families of children with ADHD performed significantly worse compared to controls in communication, affective responses, affective involvement, behavior control and general functioning. FAD- affective involvement scores of families of girls with ADHD were significantly elevated compared to males. ADHD subtypes, comorbidity and their interaction did not display significant effects on family functioning. Correlation analyses revealed that severity of oppositional and conduct disorder symptoms affected family functioning in various domains. In regression analyses, selective and focused attention and resistance to interference domains of Stroop-TBAG test did not significantly predict family functioning, although there was a signal that processing speed in resistance to interference domain may be important. Conclusion: ADHD diagnosis in children may affect multiple domains of family functioning. Parents of female children with ADHD may experience greater family dysfunction, especially in affective involvement. Severity of oppositionality and behavior problems rather than subtypes and comorbidity seem to affect family functioning in ADHD. Contributions of different facets of executive functions to family functioning in ADHD should be evaluated with different neuropsychological tasks.
目的:在本研究中,我们旨在探讨ADHD和相关执行功能障碍对家庭功能的影响,并在研究中心招募了年龄在8- 17岁之间诊断为ADHD的儿童。对照组由在研究中心参加健康儿童探访的儿童组成。方法:采用Stroop测试- TBAG表格测量执行功能,采用家庭功能评估仪(FAD)评估家庭功能。通过k - ssad - pl确定诊断,家长通过Turgay基于dsm - iv的儿童和青少年行为障碍筛查和评定量表报告症状严重程度。在分析中使用了描述性、双变量和多变量方法。P设为0.05(采用Holm-Bonferroni程序控制家庭误差率)。结果:ADHD患儿家庭在沟通、情感反应、情感参与、行为控制和一般功能方面的表现明显差于对照组。ADHD女孩家庭的FAD-情感介入得分显著高于男性家庭。ADHD亚型、合并症及其相互作用对家庭功能没有显著影响。相关分析显示,对立性和品行障碍症状的严重程度在多个领域影响家庭功能。在回归分析中,Stroop-TBAG测试的选择性和集中注意力以及对干扰域的抵抗并不能显著预测家庭功能,尽管有信号表明抵抗干扰域的处理速度可能很重要。结论:儿童ADHD诊断可能影响家庭功能的多个领域。患有ADHD的女性儿童的父母可能会经历更大的家庭功能障碍,特别是在情感参与方面。对立性和行为问题的严重程度似乎比亚型和共病更能影响ADHD患者的家庭功能。执行功能的不同方面对ADHD家庭功能的贡献应通过不同的神经心理学任务进行评估。
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引用次数: 0
The Relationship between Functioning Levels and Exercise Addiction, Personality, and Temperament Characteristics in Patients with Bipolar Disorder during Remission Period 缓解期双相情感障碍患者功能水平与运动成瘾、人格和气质特征的关系
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/pbs.20230104035618
Ali Inaltekin, I. Yagci
Objective: Bipolar disorder (BD) progresses in episodes and includes periods of remission between episodes. Although symptoms are decreased during remission, patients' functioning levels may be lower than the pre-disease period. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between the level of functioning and exercise addiction, temperament and personality traits in patients with BD in remission. Methods:In this study, BD patients who have been in remission for three months and more were evaluated. Young Mani Rating Scale and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale were used to determine the status of remission. Bipolar Disorder Functioning Scale was used for functioning, Eysenck Personality Survey-Revised Short Form for personality, TEMPS-A temperament scale for temperament, and the Exercise Addiction Scale was used for exercise addiction. Results:92 BD patients in remission were included in the study. A positive relationship was found between functioning level and hyperthymic temperament and extraversion, and a negative relationship was found between depressive temperament, cyclothymic temperament, irritable temperament, anxious temperament, neuroticism, and psychoticism. Although these patients had a certain degree of exercise dependence, it did not have a relationship with functioning. Conclusion: Functionality may be affected by personality and temperament characteristics during remission periods in BD. Psychosocial interventions in these areas may be beneficial in the treatment of these patients.
目的:双相情感障碍(BD)在发作中进展,并包括发作之间的缓解期。虽然在缓解期间症状减轻,但患者的功能水平可能低于病前时期。本研究旨在评估双相障碍缓解期患者运动成瘾、气质和人格特征与功能水平的关系。方法:在本研究中,对缓解3个月及以上的BD患者进行评估。采用Young Mani抑郁评定量表和Hamilton抑郁评定量表测定缓解状态。功能量表采用双相情感障碍功能量表,人格量表采用艾森克人格调查-修订简表,气质量表采用TEMPS-A气质量表,运动成瘾量表采用运动成瘾量表。结果:92例缓解期BD患者纳入研究。功能水平与高胸腺气质、外向性呈显著正相关,与抑郁气质、循环胸腺气质、易怒气质、焦虑气质、神经质、精神病性呈显著负相关。虽然这些患者有一定程度的运动依赖,但与功能没有关系。结论:双相障碍患者缓解期的功能可能受到人格和气质特征的影响,这些领域的社会心理干预可能对治疗这些患者有益。
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引用次数: 0
Morgellon's Disease Due To Methamphetamine Use: A Case Report 甲基苯丙胺致莫吉隆病1例报告
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/pbs.20220714030333
Doga Sonmez, Ç. Hocaoğlu
Methamphetamine (METH) is a psychostimulant substance, the use of which has recently become widespread worldwide. Various serious side effects have been reported in the literature due to use. In this case report, we present a 35-year-old male patient who applied to the dermatology outpatient clinic with skin lesions and was diagnosed with Morgellon's disease due to methamphetamine use during his follow-up. In this case report, we emphasize the need for more research on the side effects of METH use.
甲基苯丙胺(冰毒)是一种精神兴奋剂物质,近年来在世界范围内广泛使用。由于使用,文献中报道了各种严重的副作用。在本病例报告中,我们报告了一位35岁男性患者,他因皮肤病变而申请皮肤科门诊,并在随访期间因使用甲基苯丙胺而被诊断为莫吉隆病。在本病例报告中,我们强调需要对使用冰毒的副作用进行更多的研究。
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引用次数: 0
The Development of a Scale to Measure Children’s Fear of Nursing Interventions and Instruments Used in Hospital 制定儿童对护理干预和医院所用工具的恐惧量表
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/pbs.20221101060619
Ozlem rsal, H. Eren
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引用次数: 0
Relationship Between Perceptions of COVID-19 and Social Media Use: A Cross-Sectional Study in Turkey 对COVID-19的认知与社交媒体使用之间的关系:土耳其的一项横断面研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/pbs.20220320053138
Çiğdem Geniş, Burak Menku, A. Kayalar, B. Geniş, B. Coşar
Objective: Although social networks offer a valuable opportunity to share the most up-to-date information and to assist in the management of the pandemic, they may also be associated with intensification of the societal concerns and fear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between perceptions of regarding the Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19), social media use and perceived stress in a community sample in Turkey. Methods: The target study population consisted of the healthcare workers of XXXX University and their close relatives/friends. Of the 1564 participants 375 were healthcare workers (24.0%), 481 were non-healthcare workers (30.8%), 297 were students (19.0%), 210 were unemployed subjects (13.4%), and 201 were retired (12.9%) individuals. For data collection sociodemographic form, Perception of COVID-19 (P-COVID-19), Perception of Causes of COVID-19 (PCa-COVID-19), Perception of Control of COVID-19 (PCo-COVID-19), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Social Network Addiction Scale (SNAS). The scales used were compared among the five groups that made up the sample. Results: Perception of COVID-19 dangerousness and contagiousness was significantly lower in retirees (p=0.003, p<0.001, respectively). "Macro control perception" regarding COVID-19, which evaluates whether countries or governments have taken adequate measures, was highest in healthcare workers (p<0.001). In other words, compared to other groups, healthcare workers think that the measures were taken at a sufficient level. Students had the highest perception of controllability regarding COVID-19 (p<0.001). In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between SNAS scores and COVID-19 dangerousness perception scores in all five groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: Stress increases the perception of dangerousness associated with COVID-19. Social networks have a significant impact on these perceptions, and COVID-19 can have a variety of effects on individuals who make up the society.
目标:虽然社交网络提供了分享最新信息和协助管理大流行病的宝贵机会,但它们也可能加剧社会关切和恐惧。在本研究中,我们旨在调查土耳其社区样本中关于新型冠状病毒病(COVID-19),社交媒体使用和感知压力之间的关系。方法:以XXXX大学医护人员及其近亲属/朋友为研究对象。在1564名参与者中,375名卫生保健工作者(24.0%),481名非卫生保健工作者(30.8%),297名学生(19.0%),210名无业人员(13.4%),201名退休人员(12.9%)。收集数据的社会人口学形式包括COVID-19感知(P-COVID-19)、COVID-19原因感知(PCa-COVID-19)、COVID-19控制感知(PCo-COVID-19)、感知压力量表(PSS)和社交网络成瘾量表(SNAS)。所使用的量表在组成样本的五组之间进行了比较。结果:退休人员对新冠肺炎危险性和传染性的感知明显降低(p=0.003, p<0.001)。对COVID-19的“宏观控制感知”(评估国家或政府是否采取了适当措施)在医护人员中最高(p<0.001)。换句话说,与其他群体相比,卫生保健工作者认为采取的措施是足够的。学生对COVID-19的可控性感知最高(p<0.001)。此外,五组患者的SNAS评分与COVID-19危险感知评分之间存在显著正相关(p<0.05)。结论:压力增加了与COVID-19相关的危险性感知。社交网络对这些看法有重大影响,COVID-19可能对构成社会的个人产生各种影响。
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引用次数: 0
Measuring Disgust Proneness Using the Disgust Propensity and Sensitivity Scale-Revised: Psychometric Properties with Factorial Invariance in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Non-Clinical Samples 使用厌恶倾向和敏感性量表-修订版测量厌恶倾向:强迫症和非临床样本中因子不变性的心理计量特性
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/pbs.20230102104303
E. Ekici, K. Ozdel
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引用次数: 0
Very Early-Onset Schizophrenia: Management of Two Cases 极早发性精神分裂症:两例的处理
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/pbs.20220301053641
E. Gokten
Aim: Very early-onset schizophrenia is a rarely seen chronic mental disorder that emerges with a variety of clinical symptoms and affects functionality negatively in a distinct way. It is necessary to start treatment immediately, to start medication based on the variety of clinical symptoms and certainly add psychosocial treatments. Method: Our paper gives detailed information about the treatment management of two male patients who were diagnosed as having very-early-onset schizophrenia. Results: Clinical management of the cases was successful thanks to appropriate individual medical treatment and psychosocial interventions. Conclusion: To guide physicians in this regard, there is a need for studies with larger samples to reveal treatment modalities.
目的:早发性精神分裂症是一种罕见的慢性精神障碍,具有多种临床症状,并以独特的方式对功能产生负面影响。有必要立即开始治疗,根据各种临床症状开始用药,当然还要加上心理治疗。方法:本文详细介绍了两例男性早发性精神分裂症患者的治疗管理情况。结果:通过适当的个体化治疗和心理干预,病例的临床管理是成功的。结论:为了指导医生在这方面,需要更大样本的研究来揭示治疗方式。
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引用次数: 0
Metronidazole Induced Agitated Depression Treatment with Lithium Combination 锂离子联用治疗甲硝唑激动性抑郁
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/pbs.20221028073446
O. Ozdemir
There are many published case reports supporting the neurotoxic and psychotic side effects of metronidazole. On the contrary, there is the only case reporting on the relationship between metronidazole and agitated depression in literature. The patient presented with agitated depression due to the use of metronidazole for infected teeth treated with lithium combination.
有许多已发表的病例报告支持甲硝唑的神经毒性和精神病副作用。相反,文献中仅有一例报道甲硝唑与躁动性抑郁的关系。患者因使用甲硝唑治疗感染牙齿而出现躁动抑郁。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
MedPress psychiatry and behavioral sciences
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