Aquascaping is the method of arranging aquatic plants, rocks, stones, cave work, driftwood etc. in an aesthetically pleasing manner within an aquarium. The new aquascaping style was pioneered by Mr. Takashiamano in 1900. Proper placement of various elements in an aquascape makes it more attractive to eyes. Some important elements for aquascaping are imagination, substrate, hardscape materials, water filters, fishes etc. Proper plant selection makes aquascapes more attractive. Aquascaping styles like dutch style, jungle style, iwagumi style, nature aquarium style, biotope style, paludariums etc. are widely used today. Proper maintenance of aquascape is very important as failure of appropriate lighting, carbon dioxide supplements, temperature etc. can totally destroy the system. There is a need to boost aquascaping industry and related industries in India as there is a growing demand in the domestic as well as international market.
{"title":"Aquascaping: A Review","authors":"S.J. Anaswara, M. Rafeekher, P.M. Hasna","doi":"10.18805/ag.r-2651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.r-2651","url":null,"abstract":"Aquascaping is the method of arranging aquatic plants, rocks, stones, cave work, driftwood etc. in an aesthetically pleasing manner within an aquarium. The new aquascaping style was pioneered by Mr. Takashiamano in 1900. Proper placement of various elements in an aquascape makes it more attractive to eyes. Some important elements for aquascaping are imagination, substrate, hardscape materials, water filters, fishes etc. Proper plant selection makes aquascapes more attractive. Aquascaping styles like dutch style, jungle style, iwagumi style, nature aquarium style, biotope style, paludariums etc. are widely used today. Proper maintenance of aquascape is very important as failure of appropriate lighting, carbon dioxide supplements, temperature etc. can totally destroy the system. There is a need to boost aquascaping industry and related industries in India as there is a growing demand in the domestic as well as international market.\u0000","PeriodicalId":7417,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Reviews","volume":"34 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140257670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the male organ (anther) of a plant to the female organ (stigma). To transfer pollen, flowers completely depend on the vector. An abundance of pollinators creates a high and more uniform harvest with a higher quantity as well as the quality fruit and crops. Honeybee plays a central role in agriculture as pollinators. Thus, the current review aimed to provide the role of honeybees to crop pollination in Ethiopia. Honeybees pollination maximizes agricultural crop production and increases the honey yield harvested from the hive because honeybees collect more nectar and pollen while they pollinate the flowering. About 53 significant crops are cultivated in Ethiopia, of these 33 are dependent on biological pollinators while honeybees are contributing 80% of the total pollination services. A lot of crops are benefited from honeybees worldwide in general and particularly, in Ethiopia from which, Niger, linseed, sunflower, coffee, faba beans, groundnut, cotton, red pepper, mangoes, chick peas, rape seed, lentils, onion, avocados and others. The economic value of pollination service was estimated to be $ 814.6 million dollars (17.1 billion ETB) in the 2015/16 production season. Now a day, pollination service loses due to human-induced impacts such as habitat destruction, land-use change, use of chemicals (pesticides and herbicides), climate change and invasive species. So to mitigate the challenges regarding to pollination service awareness creation about role of honeybees on agricultural crop pollination is recommended.
{"title":"Role of Honeybees to Crop Pollination in Ethiopia: A Review","authors":"Abebe Melese Tirfie, Awraris Getachew","doi":"10.18805/ag.rf-283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.rf-283","url":null,"abstract":"Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the male organ (anther) of a plant to the female organ (stigma). To transfer pollen, flowers completely depend on the vector. An abundance of pollinators creates a high and more uniform harvest with a higher quantity as well as the quality fruit and crops. Honeybee plays a central role in agriculture as pollinators. Thus, the current review aimed to provide the role of honeybees to crop pollination in Ethiopia. Honeybees pollination maximizes agricultural crop production and increases the honey yield harvested from the hive because honeybees collect more nectar and pollen while they pollinate the flowering. About 53 significant crops are cultivated in Ethiopia, of these 33 are dependent on biological pollinators while honeybees are contributing 80% of the total pollination services. A lot of crops are benefited from honeybees worldwide in general and particularly, in Ethiopia from which, Niger, linseed, sunflower, coffee, faba beans, groundnut, cotton, red pepper, mangoes, chick peas, rape seed, lentils, onion, avocados and others. The economic value of pollination service was estimated to be $ 814.6 million dollars (17.1 billion ETB) in the 2015/16 production season. Now a day, pollination service loses due to human-induced impacts such as habitat destruction, land-use change, use of chemicals (pesticides and herbicides), climate change and invasive species. So to mitigate the challenges regarding to pollination service awareness creation about role of honeybees on agricultural crop pollination is recommended.\u0000","PeriodicalId":7417,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Reviews","volume":"42 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140448819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Climate change is among the pressing global challenges affecting sustainable development, especially in the rain-fed-based agriculture of developing countries. Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) approach answers this question by ensuring high productivity, creating an improved adaptive capacity and reducing GHG emissions. This systematic literature review aims to provide an overview of the indicators, theory of change and impact pathways of CSA that lead to sustainable development. Using a systematic research method, four stages of PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis) namely, identification, eligibility, screening and included were used for selecting the articles reviewed. A total of 37 articles were then used for this study. CSA interventions measured by the behavioral changes resulting from different stakeholders (producers, consumers, extension workers, policymakers and institutions, civil society and the private sector) can play a significant role in sustainable development.
{"title":"Indicators, Theory of Change and Impact Pathways in Climate-smart Agriculture for Sustainable Development: A Systematic Review","authors":"G.T. Girma, W.W. Petros","doi":"10.18805/ag.rf-261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.rf-261","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is among the pressing global challenges affecting sustainable development, especially in the rain-fed-based agriculture of developing countries. Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) approach answers this question by ensuring high productivity, creating an improved adaptive capacity and reducing GHG emissions. This systematic literature review aims to provide an overview of the indicators, theory of change and impact pathways of CSA that lead to sustainable development. Using a systematic research method, four stages of PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis) namely, identification, eligibility, screening and included were used for selecting the articles reviewed. A total of 37 articles were then used for this study. CSA interventions measured by the behavioral changes resulting from different stakeholders (producers, consumers, extension workers, policymakers and institutions, civil society and the private sector) can play a significant role in sustainable development.\u0000","PeriodicalId":7417,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Reviews","volume":"170 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140448317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soil salinity is a major abiotic stress which limits the agricultural productivity throughout the world. Anthropogenic strategies play a vital role in mitigating soil salinity and restoring soil health. These strategies encompass physical, chemical and biological processes, each targeting different aspects of soil salinity management. Physical processes involve the manipulation of soil and water properties to minimize salt accumulation. Improved irrigation techniques, such as drip irrigation and sprinkler systems, optimize water distribution and minimize salt buildup. Efficient drainage systems prevent waterlogging and facilitate salt leaching. Chemical processes focus on modifying the soil environment through amendments, such as gypsum and organic matter additions, to enhance soil structure, nutrient availability and salt displacement. These processes improve soil quality and salt management. Biological processes exploit the capabilities of halophytes, salt-tolerant plant species, to reduce soil salinity by accumulating salts in their tissues. Microbial inoculants or biofertilizers containing beneficial microorganisms enhance nutrient cycling, soil structure and plant tolerance to salinity. The integration of physical, chemical and biological processes offers a comprehensive approach to soil salinity mitigation. By combining these strategies, researchers and practitioners can develop tailored management plans that address site-specific conditions and crop requirements. Successful implementation of anthropogenic strategies can lead to sustainable solutions for soil salinity, improving agricultural productivity and promoting the long-term health of soil ecosystems. This comprehensive review provides insights into the latest research trends and advancements in anthropogenic strategies for mitigating soil salinity, contributing to the development of effective and sustainable approaches for soil salinity management.
{"title":"Promoting Sustainable Agriculture: Approaches for Mitigating Soil Salinity Challenges: A ReviewPromoting Sustainable Agriculture: Approaches for Mitigating Soil Salinity Challenges: A Review","authors":"Sarita, Bhupnesh, Vinod Goyal","doi":"10.18805/ag.r-2648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.r-2648","url":null,"abstract":"Soil salinity is a major abiotic stress which limits the agricultural productivity throughout the world. Anthropogenic strategies play a vital role in mitigating soil salinity and restoring soil health. These strategies encompass physical, chemical and biological processes, each targeting different aspects of soil salinity management. Physical processes involve the manipulation of soil and water properties to minimize salt accumulation. Improved irrigation techniques, such as drip irrigation and sprinkler systems, optimize water distribution and minimize salt buildup. Efficient drainage systems prevent waterlogging and facilitate salt leaching. Chemical processes focus on modifying the soil environment through amendments, such as gypsum and organic matter additions, to enhance soil structure, nutrient availability and salt displacement. These processes improve soil quality and salt management. Biological processes exploit the capabilities of halophytes, salt-tolerant plant species, to reduce soil salinity by accumulating salts in their tissues. Microbial inoculants or biofertilizers containing beneficial microorganisms enhance nutrient cycling, soil structure and plant tolerance to salinity. The integration of physical, chemical and biological processes offers a comprehensive approach to soil salinity mitigation. By combining these strategies, researchers and practitioners can develop tailored management plans that address site-specific conditions and crop requirements. Successful implementation of anthropogenic strategies can lead to sustainable solutions for soil salinity, improving agricultural productivity and promoting the long-term health of soil ecosystems. This comprehensive review provides insights into the latest research trends and advancements in anthropogenic strategies for mitigating soil salinity, contributing to the development of effective and sustainable approaches for soil salinity management.\u0000","PeriodicalId":7417,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Reviews","volume":"45 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139778385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soil salinity is a major abiotic stress which limits the agricultural productivity throughout the world. Anthropogenic strategies play a vital role in mitigating soil salinity and restoring soil health. These strategies encompass physical, chemical and biological processes, each targeting different aspects of soil salinity management. Physical processes involve the manipulation of soil and water properties to minimize salt accumulation. Improved irrigation techniques, such as drip irrigation and sprinkler systems, optimize water distribution and minimize salt buildup. Efficient drainage systems prevent waterlogging and facilitate salt leaching. Chemical processes focus on modifying the soil environment through amendments, such as gypsum and organic matter additions, to enhance soil structure, nutrient availability and salt displacement. These processes improve soil quality and salt management. Biological processes exploit the capabilities of halophytes, salt-tolerant plant species, to reduce soil salinity by accumulating salts in their tissues. Microbial inoculants or biofertilizers containing beneficial microorganisms enhance nutrient cycling, soil structure and plant tolerance to salinity. The integration of physical, chemical and biological processes offers a comprehensive approach to soil salinity mitigation. By combining these strategies, researchers and practitioners can develop tailored management plans that address site-specific conditions and crop requirements. Successful implementation of anthropogenic strategies can lead to sustainable solutions for soil salinity, improving agricultural productivity and promoting the long-term health of soil ecosystems. This comprehensive review provides insights into the latest research trends and advancements in anthropogenic strategies for mitigating soil salinity, contributing to the development of effective and sustainable approaches for soil salinity management.
{"title":"Promoting Sustainable Agriculture: Approaches for Mitigating Soil Salinity Challenges: A ReviewPromoting Sustainable Agriculture: Approaches for Mitigating Soil Salinity Challenges: A Review","authors":"Sarita, Bhupnesh, Vinod Goyal","doi":"10.18805/ag.r-2648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.r-2648","url":null,"abstract":"Soil salinity is a major abiotic stress which limits the agricultural productivity throughout the world. Anthropogenic strategies play a vital role in mitigating soil salinity and restoring soil health. These strategies encompass physical, chemical and biological processes, each targeting different aspects of soil salinity management. Physical processes involve the manipulation of soil and water properties to minimize salt accumulation. Improved irrigation techniques, such as drip irrigation and sprinkler systems, optimize water distribution and minimize salt buildup. Efficient drainage systems prevent waterlogging and facilitate salt leaching. Chemical processes focus on modifying the soil environment through amendments, such as gypsum and organic matter additions, to enhance soil structure, nutrient availability and salt displacement. These processes improve soil quality and salt management. Biological processes exploit the capabilities of halophytes, salt-tolerant plant species, to reduce soil salinity by accumulating salts in their tissues. Microbial inoculants or biofertilizers containing beneficial microorganisms enhance nutrient cycling, soil structure and plant tolerance to salinity. The integration of physical, chemical and biological processes offers a comprehensive approach to soil salinity mitigation. By combining these strategies, researchers and practitioners can develop tailored management plans that address site-specific conditions and crop requirements. Successful implementation of anthropogenic strategies can lead to sustainable solutions for soil salinity, improving agricultural productivity and promoting the long-term health of soil ecosystems. This comprehensive review provides insights into the latest research trends and advancements in anthropogenic strategies for mitigating soil salinity, contributing to the development of effective and sustainable approaches for soil salinity management.\u0000","PeriodicalId":7417,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Reviews","volume":"19 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139838139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Small pod hot pepper is grown as an annual crop and produced for its fruits. It is one of the most important vegetable crops for fresh consumption, for processing and as a spice (for making stew). The current study aimed to identify the response of different NPS and N fertilizer rates on growth, yield and yield components of small pod hot pepper production in West and Kellem Wollega zones and to determine the optimum and appropriate application rates of NPS and N fertilizer in the study area. Methods: A field experiment was conducted at HaroSabu Agricultural Research Center on station, Sedi Canqa and Lalo Qile sub sites of Kellem Wollega zone, Western Ethiopia, during the 2020 and 2021 main cropping seasons. Thirteen fertilizer combinations were used as experimental materials. Result: The combined analysis of variance for total yield and other agronomic traits revealed highly significant differences in, plant height, plant canopy length, number of pods per plant and total dry pod yield; whereas days to flowering, days to maturity, number of primary branches per plant, pod length, pod diameter and pod weight revealed non-significant effect. In this experimentation, the combination of 150 kg/ha NPSand 150 kg/ha N(urea) fertilizer rate was found superior in terms of economic yield (marketable yield), and yield component parameters. The marginal rate of return also directed the highest net benefit from the combined fertilizer rate of 150 kg/ha NPS and 150 kg/ha N(urea). Thus the combined fertilizer rate of 150 kg/ha NPS and 150 kg/ha N(urea) is recommended for the yield increment of small pod hot pepper in the studied areas of Western Oromia.
{"title":"Effect of NPS and Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Rates for Small Pod Hot Pepper Production (Capsicum annuum L.) Variety at Kellem and West Wollega Zones","authors":"Kibiru Kena, Alemayehu Latera","doi":"10.18805/ag.rf-296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.rf-296","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Small pod hot pepper is grown as an annual crop and produced for its fruits. It is one of the most important vegetable crops for fresh consumption, for processing and as a spice (for making stew). The current study aimed to identify the response of different NPS and N fertilizer rates on growth, yield and yield components of small pod hot pepper production in West and Kellem Wollega zones and to determine the optimum and appropriate application rates of NPS and N fertilizer in the study area. Methods: A field experiment was conducted at HaroSabu Agricultural Research Center on station, Sedi Canqa and Lalo Qile sub sites of Kellem Wollega zone, Western Ethiopia, during the 2020 and 2021 main cropping seasons. Thirteen fertilizer combinations were used as experimental materials. Result: The combined analysis of variance for total yield and other agronomic traits revealed highly significant differences in, plant height, plant canopy length, number of pods per plant and total dry pod yield; whereas days to flowering, days to maturity, number of primary branches per plant, pod length, pod diameter and pod weight revealed non-significant effect. In this experimentation, the combination of 150 kg/ha NPSand 150 kg/ha N(urea) fertilizer rate was found superior in terms of economic yield (marketable yield), and yield component parameters. The marginal rate of return also directed the highest net benefit from the combined fertilizer rate of 150 kg/ha NPS and 150 kg/ha N(urea). Thus the combined fertilizer rate of 150 kg/ha NPS and 150 kg/ha N(urea) is recommended for the yield increment of small pod hot pepper in the studied areas of Western Oromia.","PeriodicalId":7417,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Reviews","volume":"20 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140488555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
India stands as a global agricultural powerhouse, employing over 60% of its population in farming and related sectors. Agriculture forms a significant pillar of the nation’s GDP, with vegetables being a cornerstone of its horticultural output. Despite advancements in vegetable production, the sector faces myriad challenges, including insect infestations, diseases and other biotic and abiotic factors that compromise yield and quality. This review article delves into the biological control of pests in key tropical vegetable crops like brinjal, tomato, chili, okra and cucurbits. It explores the use of biological control agents such as predators, parasitoids and pathogens as part of integrated pest management strategies aimed at reducing the dependency on synthetic pesticides. It provides an in-depth analysis of common pests such as whiteflies, aphids, mealybugs and thrips, as well as crop-specific pests like brinjal and bhendi shoot and fruit borers. The paper underscores the advantages of biological control, including its environmental sustainability and reduced risk of pest resistance, while also acknowledging its limitations such as slower pest elimination rates and higher costs. It calls for concerted efforts from governmental bodies, NGOs and agricultural institutes to promote awareness and training in biological control methods. The focus of the review is to advocate for a paradigm shift towards sustainable and effective pest management practices in India’s vegetable farming sector.
{"title":"Biological Control of Pests in Major Tropical Vegetable Crops: A Review","authors":"Anbu Sezhian Ambethgar, Alagarswamy Rameshkumar, Karri Rama Krishna, Srivignesh Sundaresan","doi":"10.18805/ag.r-2635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.r-2635","url":null,"abstract":"India stands as a global agricultural powerhouse, employing over 60% of its population in farming and related sectors. Agriculture forms a significant pillar of the nation’s GDP, with vegetables being a cornerstone of its horticultural output. Despite advancements in vegetable production, the sector faces myriad challenges, including insect infestations, diseases and other biotic and abiotic factors that compromise yield and quality. This review article delves into the biological control of pests in key tropical vegetable crops like brinjal, tomato, chili, okra and cucurbits. It explores the use of biological control agents such as predators, parasitoids and pathogens as part of integrated pest management strategies aimed at reducing the dependency on synthetic pesticides. It provides an in-depth analysis of common pests such as whiteflies, aphids, mealybugs and thrips, as well as crop-specific pests like brinjal and bhendi shoot and fruit borers. The paper underscores the advantages of biological control, including its environmental sustainability and reduced risk of pest resistance, while also acknowledging its limitations such as slower pest elimination rates and higher costs. It calls for concerted efforts from governmental bodies, NGOs and agricultural institutes to promote awareness and training in biological control methods. The focus of the review is to advocate for a paradigm shift towards sustainable and effective pest management practices in India’s vegetable farming sector.\u0000","PeriodicalId":7417,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Reviews","volume":"45 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139608496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The economy of livestock production largely depends upon the early growth and reproductive efficiency of the animals. This review was conducted to generate the database about the early growth and reproductive traits of crossbred cattle such as birth weight (BW), age at first service (AFS) and age at first calving (AFC) under Ethiopian conditions. The effort was made to collect and discuss all the published materials in the required areas in order to provide piece of information pertaining to early growth and reproductive traits of crossbred dairy cattle. In order to achieve the best early growth and reproductive performance in dairy animals, it is concluded that management system improvement, including effective heat detection and timely insemination, better health management, genetic improvement of crossbreeding and supplementation of good quality and quantity feed resources, is necessary.
{"title":"Early Growth and Reproductive Performance of Crossbred Dairy Cattle in Ethiopia: A Review","authors":"Nibo Beneberu, Fikadu Wodajo","doi":"10.18805/ag.rf-278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.rf-278","url":null,"abstract":"The economy of livestock production largely depends upon the early growth and reproductive efficiency of the animals. This review was conducted to generate the database about the early growth and reproductive traits of crossbred cattle such as birth weight (BW), age at first service (AFS) and age at first calving (AFC) under Ethiopian conditions. The effort was made to collect and discuss all the published materials in the required areas in order to provide piece of information pertaining to early growth and reproductive traits of crossbred dairy cattle. In order to achieve the best early growth and reproductive performance in dairy animals, it is concluded that management system improvement, including effective heat detection and timely insemination, better health management, genetic improvement of crossbreeding and supplementation of good quality and quantity feed resources, is necessary.\u0000","PeriodicalId":7417,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Reviews","volume":"2 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139439644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Soil acidity, low soil nutrient status and low nitrogen fixing inoculants as a result of poor soil fertility management practices are the major constraints in soybean production in Assosa Zone, particularly in Assosa and Bambassi districts. Hence, this experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of bio-, organic and inorganic NPSB fertilizers and lime on soil physico- chemical properties. Methods: During the period 2019-2020 factorial combinations of two bio-fertilizer inoculants [without bio-fertilizer (B1) and SB12 plus MAR1495 bio-fertilizer at their recommended rates of 500 g ha-1 (B2); two organic fertilizers without fresh cattle manure (M1) and fresh cattle manure at 10 t ha-1 (M2); two lime rates without lime (L1) and lime at 5 t ha-1 (L2); two inorganic NPSB fertilizers NPSB at 9.5-23-3.5-0.05 (F1) and NPSB at 19-46-7-0.1 (F2) at their recommended rates for soybean] were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Bulk density, pH, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, organic carbon and cation exchange capacity were collected and analyzed using SAS software version 9.1.3 and significant mean differences were separated using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Result: Bulk density, pH, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, organic carbon and cation exchange capacity were highly affected (P less than 0.01) by the interactions of bio-, organic and inorganic fertilizers and lime. Finally, the interaction of SB12+MAR1495, 10t/ha fresh cattie manure, 5t/ha lime and NPSB at 19-46-7-0.1 improved the bulk density, pH, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, organic carbon and cation exchange capacity at both districts.
{"title":"Soil Physical and Chemical Properties as Affected by Bio-, Organic and Inorganic NPSB Fertilizers and Lime in Assosa Zone, Western Ethiopia","authors":"Abiyot Abeje, G. Alemayehu, Tesfaye Feyisa","doi":"10.18805/ag.a-663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.a-663","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Soil acidity, low soil nutrient status and low nitrogen fixing inoculants as a result of poor soil fertility management practices are the major constraints in soybean production in Assosa Zone, particularly in Assosa and Bambassi districts. Hence, this experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of bio-, organic and inorganic NPSB fertilizers and lime on soil physico- chemical properties. Methods: During the period 2019-2020 factorial combinations of two bio-fertilizer inoculants [without bio-fertilizer (B1) and SB12 plus MAR1495 bio-fertilizer at their recommended rates of 500 g ha-1 (B2); two organic fertilizers without fresh cattle manure (M1) and fresh cattle manure at 10 t ha-1 (M2); two lime rates without lime (L1) and lime at 5 t ha-1 (L2); two inorganic NPSB fertilizers NPSB at 9.5-23-3.5-0.05 (F1) and NPSB at 19-46-7-0.1 (F2) at their recommended rates for soybean] were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Bulk density, pH, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, organic carbon and cation exchange capacity were collected and analyzed using SAS software version 9.1.3 and significant mean differences were separated using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Result: Bulk density, pH, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, organic carbon and cation exchange capacity were highly affected (P less than 0.01) by the interactions of bio-, organic and inorganic fertilizers and lime. Finally, the interaction of SB12+MAR1495, 10t/ha fresh cattie manure, 5t/ha lime and NPSB at 19-46-7-0.1 improved the bulk density, pH, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, organic carbon and cation exchange capacity at both districts.\u0000","PeriodicalId":7417,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Reviews","volume":"77 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139387187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study used descriptive statistics to analyze the data. It ascertained the role of agroforestry practices in Harari regional state. A sample of 350 farmers was interviewed and selected using two-stage random sampling techniques. The results showed that 100% of the sample respondents practiced agroforestry as a land use for income source, shade, soil improvement, fodder, firewood, construction material, medicinal purposes etc. The components of the agroforestry system adopted by the local community were pulse, root, cereal crops and vegetables. Khat, Eritia, Acacia, Cordial, Zeziphus were the fodder species used. 78.57% of the respondents used a stallfeeding technique to feed their animals. The respondents obtained annual income of 32,199.16 Ethiopian birrs on average. In general, the agroforestry system helps the local communities to diversify their income, fulfill animal feed and cope with and mitigate climate change. To sustain the local people with the climate change, decision-makers and researchers should give more attention to the preferred agroforestry species.
{"title":"Agroforestry Practice and its Socioeconomic Benefits in Eastern Ethiopia","authors":"Alem Mezgebo Hailu, Dargo Kebede Alemie","doi":"10.18805/ag.rf-272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.rf-272","url":null,"abstract":"The study used descriptive statistics to analyze the data. It ascertained the role of agroforestry practices in Harari regional state. A sample of 350 farmers was interviewed and selected using two-stage random sampling techniques. The results showed that 100% of the sample respondents practiced agroforestry as a land use for income source, shade, soil improvement, fodder, firewood, construction material, medicinal purposes etc. The components of the agroforestry system adopted by the local community were pulse, root, cereal crops and vegetables. Khat, Eritia, Acacia, Cordial, Zeziphus were the fodder species used. 78.57% of the respondents used a stallfeeding technique to feed their animals. The respondents obtained annual income of 32,199.16 Ethiopian birrs on average. In general, the agroforestry system helps the local communities to diversify their income, fulfill animal feed and cope with and mitigate climate change. To sustain the local people with the climate change, decision-makers and researchers should give more attention to the preferred agroforestry species.\u0000","PeriodicalId":7417,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Reviews","volume":"10 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139451114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：