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Fall/Spring 2023 Editorial 2023 年秋季/春季编辑
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.18060/28025
Carol Hostetter, Valerie D. Decker
In the Summer/Fall 2023 issue of Advances in Social Work, we are pleased to present 14 original articles and recognize our 2023 reviewers. The articles, related to learning to improve in anti-racism, health care, practice, and education, are written by 48 authors from 25 universities and organizations originating from across the U.S. and Finland. We offer five empirical studies and nine conceptual/advocacy pieces for readers to explore new learning in social work practice, policy, and education. We also recognize and thank our 2023 reviewers. The 122 reviewers, representing 87 universities and organizations from 31 states and 7 countries, completed 142 reviews of 74 submissions.
在《社会工作进展》(Advances in Social Work)2023 年夏季/秋季刊中,我们很高兴地介绍 14 篇原创文章,并表彰 2023 年的审稿人。这些文章涉及学习改进反种族主义、医疗保健、实践和教育,由来自美国和芬兰的 25 所大学和组织的 48 位作者撰写。我们提供了五篇实证研究和九篇概念/倡导文章,供读者在社会工作实践、政策和教育中探索新的学习方法。我们还对 2023 位审稿人表示认可和感谢。122位审稿人代表了来自31个州和7个国家的87所大学和组织,完成了对74篇文章的142次审稿。
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引用次数: 0
Introducing the Theory of Neurosocial Interdependence 介绍神经社会相互依存理论
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.18060/26331
Zachary P. Pierce, Jessica M. Black
Thoughts, emotions, and behaviors are linked fundamentally to the environments one inhabits. The person-in-environment perspective effectively captures these three aspects of the human experience and serves as a central fixture within social work research and practice. Many social workers use this perspective to guide every facet of the work they undertake, from case conceptualization to ethics of human subject research. At the same time, recent advancements in human neuroscience research and neuroimaging technologies have inspired social workers to embrace how the nervous system is integrally interconnected with one’s environments. In turn, human neuroscience has catalyzed more biologically-informed practice and research in the field of social work, centered on elucidating social and psychological developmental domains within systems. The popularity of the person-in-environment perspective and the integration of human neuroscience in the field of social work has created a nexus that heretofore has not been adequately integrated into the literature. The present paper addresses this gap with a novel theory known as neurosocial interdependence, which integrates insights from human neuroscience into the framework of the person-in-environment perspective. This paper also bolsters the development of the theory of neurosocial interdependence by introducing a novel testing instrument and measurement scale, exploring how these tools might be used to implement the theory of neurosocial interdependence within social work research and clinical settings.
思想、情感和行为从根本上说与人所处的环境息息相关。人在环境中的视角有效地捕捉到了人类经验的这三个方面,并成为社会工作研究和实践的核心。许多社会工作者使用这一视角来指导他们工作的方方面面,从个案概念化到人类主体研究的伦理。与此同时,人类神经科学研究和神经成像技术的最新进展也激励着社会工作者接受神经系统是如何与人所处的环境紧密联系在一起的。反过来,人类神经科学也促进了社会工作领域以生物为基础的实践和研究,其核心是阐明系统内的社会和心理发展领域。人-环境视角的流行和人类神经科学在社会工作领域的整合创造了一个迄今为止尚未被充分纳入文献的联系。本文提出了一种称为 "神经-社会相互依存 "的新理论,将人类神经科学的见解融入 "人-环境 "视角的框架中,从而弥补了这一空白。本文还介绍了一种新的测试工具和测量量表,探讨了如何利用这些工具在社会工作研究和临床环境中实施神经社会相互依赖理论,从而促进了神经社会相互依赖理论的发展。
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引用次数: 0
Back to the (not so) Basics of Anti-Racist Education and Practice 回到反种族主义教育和实践的(并非)基本原理
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.18060/26576
Justin E Lerner, Angie Kim
This study sought to explore the skills white social work students need to develop in order to cultivate an embodied anti-racist practice. Forty-one social work students (approximately half white and half students of color) at a public university participated in semi-structured focus groups to discuss their experiences with anti-racist education and practice in their social work education. A predominant theme observed from these focus groups was the difficulty that white social work students have developing trust and relationships. Findings revealed that these students need guidance on how to build trust and develop relationships before they can engage in learning other anti-racist practice skills. The authors propose offering a future course that will help white social work students to develop these skills through pilot-testing a few embodied anti-racist competencies related to trust and relationship-building. These skills can contribute to the broader Social Work Grand Challenge to eliminate racism as well as the NASW Code of Ethics ethical principle of strengthening relationships as a vehicle for change.
本研究旨在探讨白人社会工作专业学生需要发展哪些技能,以培养体现反种族主义的实践。一所公立大学的 41 名社会工作专业学生(白人和有色人种学生各占一半)参加了半结构化焦点小组,讨论他们在社会工作教育中接受反种族主义教育和实践的经历。从这些焦点小组中观察到的一个主要议题是,白人社工学生在发展信任和关系方面遇到了困难。研究结果显示,这些学生在学习其他反种族主义实践技能之前,需要在如何建立信任和发展关系方面得到指导。作者建议今后开设一门课程,通过试点测试与信任和建立关系相关的一些体现反种族主义的能力,帮助白人社会工作学生发展这些技能。这些技能可以为更广泛的 "社会工作大挑战"(Grand Challenge)做出贡献,以消除种族主义,并为 "全美社会工作伦理守则"(NASW Code of Ethics)的道德原则做出贡献,即加强关系作为变革的载体。
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引用次数: 0
Identifying Indicators of High-Conflict Divorce Among Parents 确定父母间高冲突离婚的指标
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.18060/26384
Premela Deck, Sarah Eisensmith, Brittany Skinner, Jacqueline Cafaro
The burgeoning field of forensic social work supports clients engaged in the legal system. Forensic social work professionals working in family court will often be called upon to assess family dynamics, provide treatment to reduce maladaptation post-divorce, and advise divorcing parents as they navigate the complexities of court. Of particular interest to the forensic social work field are the various risks and protective factors that escalate or mitigate interparental conflict throughout the divorce process. Interparental conflict is a primary moderator accounting for psychological and physiological differences between children of divorced parents and children with intact parents. This systematic review examined the factors that contribute to conflict in divorcing parents and ways to identify high-conflict cases,. Peer-reviewed articles (n=11) were systematically selected using rigorous methods, including PRISMA-P protocols for systematic reviews and database searches using the search string “conflict AND divorce*.” Articles were extracted to identify themes of varying levels of conflict. There is no consistent definition of high conflict in pre-divorce parents, and recent articles offer new conceptualizations of this construct. All studies that met inclusion criteria for the review identified at least one of five themes of pre-divorce conflict: conflict resolution/communication, social network, parent characteristics, satisfaction with agreements, and pervasive mistrust.
新兴的法医社会工作领域为参与法律系统的客户提供支持。在家事法庭工作的法医社会工作专业人员经常被要求评估家庭动态,提供治疗以减少离婚后的不适应,并在离婚父母应对法庭的复杂情况时为他们提供建议。法医社会工作领域特别关注的是在整个离婚过程中加剧或缓解父母间冲突的各种风险和保护因素。父母间的冲突是造成父母离异的子女与父母完整的子女之间心理和生理差异的主要调节因素。本系统性综述研究了导致父母离婚冲突的因素,以及识别高冲突案例的方法。采用严格的方法,包括系统性综述的 PRISMA-P 协议和使用搜索字符串 "冲突和离婚*"进行的数据库搜索,系统性地选择了经过同行评审的文章(n=11)。对文章进行了提取,以确定不同程度冲突的主题。对于离婚前父母的高冲突程度并没有一致的定义,最近的文章对这一概念提出了新的概念。所有符合审查纳入标准的研究都确定了离婚前冲突的五个主题中的至少一个:冲突解决/沟通、社会网络、父母特征、协议满意度以及普遍存在的不信任。
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引用次数: 0
For White Social Workers: RE/UN/DIScover Heuristic for Dual Awareness in Ongoing Anti-Racist Practice 给白人社会工作者:RE/UN/DIScover Heuristic for Dual Awareness in ongoing Anti-Racist Practice(RE/UN/DIScover启发式在持续的反种族主义实践中实现双重意识
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.18060/26382
Elizabeth Keenan
Although many White social workers engage in ongoing anti-racist actions, they may still be complicit in perpetuating and reinforcing racism and White Supremacy Culture. Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) social workers, activists, and scholars have described the numerous ways in which the harmful impacts of White Supremacy Culture appear in the well-intentioned efforts of White people who seek to be anti-racist. White social workers are thus responsible for engaging in intentional ongoing practices to identify, interrupt, and shift their interpersonal oppressive uses of power in their practice. The RE/UN/DIScover heuristic is an iterative, embodied set of three practices for working with one’s experiences of shame and internalized dominance, habitual not-seeing, and in-the-moment activations. Literature theorizing White Supremacy ideology and culture frames the description of the RE/UN/DIScover heuristic. This paper describes several heuristic applications, including prompts for engaging in REcover, UNcover and DIScover practices and two composite examples. These applications illustrate how to use the heuristic practices with dual awareness of self and one’s social work practice in the moment and over time. White social workers are encouraged to learn and use the RE/UN/DIScover heuristic practices to guide their efforts to more fully live into their anti-racist commitments in moments of not-seeing and moments of activation.
尽管许多白人社会工作者参与了持续的反种族主义行动,但他们仍然可能是延续和强化种族主义和白人至上文化的同谋。黑人、原住民和有色人种(BIPOC)社会工作者、活动家和学者描述了白人至上文化的有害影响以多种方式出现在寻求反种族主义的白人的善意努力中。因此,白人社会工作者有责任参与有意识的持续实践,在实践中识别、中断和改变人际间对权力的压迫性使用。RE/UN/DIScover启发式是一套迭代的、体现性的三项实践,用于处理个人的羞耻感和内化的支配经验、习惯性的 "不看 "以及当下的激活。有关白人至上意识形态和文化的理论文献为描述 RE/UN/DIScover 启发式提供了框架。本文介绍了启发式的几种应用,包括参与 REcover、UNcover 和 DIScover 实践的提示以及两个综合实例。这些应用说明了如何在使用启发式实践时对自我和个人的社会工作实践有当下和长期的双重认识。我们鼓励白人社会工作者学习和使用 RE/UN/DIScover 启发式实践,以指导他们在看不见和激活的时刻更充分地履行反种族主义承诺。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancing Competency-Based Social Work Skills Through Service Learning and Interprofessional Education in a Student-Run Free Healthcare Clinic 在学生开办的免费医疗诊所中,通过服务学习和跨专业教育提高基于能力的社会工作技能
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.18060/26621
Christopher Simmons, Amy Fisher, Roxann McNeish, K. Greene, Melissa Thompson, Jerome T. Galea
Student-run free clinics (SRFC) offer students the opportunity to learn and work with students from other disciplines; however, there is very little research on the benefits of SRFC to social work students. The purpose of this article is to describe the qualitative student outcomes of a service learning (SL) and interprofessional education (IPE) experience in a SRFC designed to enhance the interprofessional competencies of BSW social work students. Students (n=38) enrolled in a service-learning course and participated in a semester-long SL and IPE experience at a university-affiliated interdisciplinary SRFC. Qualitative findings from student reflections indicated that students perceived that the overall experience facilitated the development of written and verbal communication skills, confidence, and professional identity. The research suggests that SL and IPE were beneficial to student development. We, therefore, recommend that other programs consider exposing BSW students to these experiences early in their program to enhance their educational experience.
学生开办的免费诊所(SRFC)为学生提供了与其他学科的学生一起学习和工作的机会;然而,有关 SRFC 对社会工作专业学生的益处的研究却很少。本文旨在描述学生在 SRFC 的服务学习(SL)和跨专业教育(IPE)体验中取得的定性成果,旨在提高社会工作学士学位学生的跨专业能力。学生(n=38)选修了一门服务学习课程,并在一所大学下属的跨学科 SRFC 参加了为期一学期的服务学习和跨专业教育体验。从学生的反思中得出的定性结果表明,学生认为整个体验促进了书面和口头交流技能、自信心和职业认同感的发展。研究表明,SL 和 IPE 有利于学生的发展。因此,我们建议其他课程考虑让社会工作学士学位学生在课程初期就接触这些体验,以增强他们的教育体验。
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引用次数: 0
Does Where We Live Matter To Oral Health? 居住地对口腔健康有影响吗?
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.18060/26118
S. Pattanaik, April M. Schueths, Raymona H. Lawrence, Bettye A Apenteng, Georgia Dounis
Oral health is essential to overall health; however, structural obstacles influence older rural residents' oral health outcomes, especially those from disadvantaged backgrounds in the South. Poor oral health is typically attributed to individual choices, shifting the focus from the inconspicuous community influences, making it more difficult for older rural people to obtain oral healthcare. This qualitative study explores how older adults in rural Georgia understand the community's role in shaping their oral health. Twenty-two older adults were interviewed from five rural communities in southeast Georgia. Participants defined their community in geographic terms. Community barriers and self-reliance emerged as themes of how living in a rural community affects oral health. The concepts of community and one's oral health were perceived as distinct. Participants did not see how where they lived could matter to their oral health, even when they identified critical community barriers to oral health. In collaboration with rural healthcare systems, social workers can support healthy self-reliance, moving beyond a health individualism lens, by helping bolster older adults' social supports, an essential function of social relationships that positively influences a sense of community. Additionally, social workers can advocate for equitable policies to create opportunities for rural communities to support and maintain oral health.
口腔健康对整体健康至关重要;然而,结构性障碍影响着农村老年居民的口腔健康结果,尤其是那些来自南方弱势背景的老年居民。口腔健康状况不佳通常被归咎于个人选择,使人们不再关注不起眼的社区影响,从而使农村老年人更难获得口腔保健服务。这项定性研究探讨了佐治亚州农村地区的老年人如何理解社区在影响他们口腔健康方面的作用。来自佐治亚州东南部五个农村社区的 22 名老年人接受了采访。参与者从地理角度定义了他们的社区。社区障碍和自力更生成为生活在农村社区如何影响口腔健康的主题。社区和口腔健康的概念被认为是截然不同的。参与者不认为他们居住的地方会对他们的口腔健康产生影响,即使他们指出了影响口腔健康的关键社区障碍。在与农村医疗保健系统的合作中,社会工作者可以超越健康个人主义的视角,通过帮助加强老年人的社会支持来支持健康的自立,这是社会关系的基本功能,对社区感有积极影响。此外,社会工作者还可以倡导公平的政策,为农村社区创造支持和维护口腔健康的机会。
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引用次数: 0
Post-Master’s Career Progression of Social Workers 社会工作者硕士后的职业发展
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.18060/27233
Dawn Apgar, Katherine Dolan
Social work is one of the fastest growing professions in the nation with an expected job growth of 9% by the end of the decade and more than 62,888 Masters of Social Work (MSW) students in the United States in 2021 (BLS, 2022; CSWE, 2023). The receipt of a graduate social work degree represents an important milestone, often accompanied by entry into professional practice. While much is written about formal social work education, scholarly literature has far fewer articles about the work life of social workers after graduation. This article presents social work career progression from a developmental perspective, an approach that has historically been used to examine the life course of clients. Typical tasks or “milestones” in early, middle, and later stages of clinical or direct practice careers are discussed. Adapting life course theory to examine the professional evolution of social workers is beneficial as it helps illuminate the typical stressors facing practitioners after completing their formal education. Understanding potential career opportunities and issues may help those entering social work to better socialize into the profession and transition from one stage to the next by anticipating what lies ahead. Using a developmental perspective to professionalization is also appropriate as, like in the life course, opportunities for growth should be ongoing and lifelong. Early, middle, and later career opportunities and challenges are identified within the three pillars of social work – regulation, education, and practice. Policy reforms to enhance social work licensure portability, life-long learning in the form of continuing education, and self-care practices will assist social workers to thrive in all career stages.
社会工作是美国发展最快的职业之一,预计到本十年末,就业岗位将增长 9%,2021 年美国将有超过 62,888 名社会工作硕士(MSW)学生(BLS,2022 年;CSWE,2023 年)。获得社会工作研究生学位是一个重要的里程碑,通常伴随着进入专业实践阶段。虽然有关正规社会工作教育的文章很多,但有关社会工作者毕业后工作生活的学术文献却少得多。本文从发展的角度来介绍社会工作的职业进展,这种方法历来用于研究服务对象的生命历程。文章讨论了临床或直接实践职业生涯早期、中期和后期的典型任务或 "里程碑"。采用生命历程理论来研究社会工作者的职业演变是有益的,因为它有助于阐明从业人员在完成正规教育后所面临的典型压力。了解潜在的职业机会和问题可以帮助那些刚进入社会工作领域的人更好地融入这个行业,并通过预测未来的情况从一个阶段过渡到下一个阶段。从发展的角度来看待职业化也是合适的,因为就像人生历程一样,成长的机会应该是持续的、终身的。在社会工作的三大支柱--监管、教育和实践中,确定了早期、中期和后期的职业机遇和挑战。加强社会工作执照便携性的政策改革、以继续教育为形式的终身学习以及自我保健实践将有助于社会工作者在各个职业阶段茁壮成长。
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引用次数: 0
Conceptualizing Anti-Racist Social Work Pedagogy 反种族主义社会工作教学法的概念化
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.18060/27152
Allison Buzard
Studies have suggested that faculty in higher education lack the preparation, training, tools, and collaboration to be effective anti-racist educators. This conceptual paper presents a new framework for social work faculty to consider as they evolve their anti-racist pedagogy. The history of the priorities and professionalization of social work is explored along with the origins and theoretical influences of social work education and accreditation, the inequitable system and structure of higher education, and the racial identity, lived experience, and education of individual educators. The proposed conceptual framework centers on practical strategies for increasing faculty capacity, building faculty reflexivity, and scaffolding faculty ability for social work anti-racist pedagogy. Strategies for increasing faculty capacity include professional development and training, places to process, and policy and support. Strategies for building faculty reflexivity focus on applying racial consciousness, assessing values, and adopting humility. Strategies for anti-racist pedagogy skills include building intentional class culture, braving collaborative learning, and banking on resistance. This paper concludes with discussions about anti-racist capacity-building for social work educators and broader implications for social work education in the United States.
研究表明,高等教育中的教师缺乏成为有效的反种族主义教育者所需的准备、培训、工具和合作。这篇概念性论文提出了一个新的框架,供社会工作专业教师在发展反种族主义教学法时参考。本文探讨了社会工作优先化和专业化的历史,以及社会工作教育和认证的起源和理论影响、高等教育的不公平制度和结构,以及教育者个人的种族身份、生活经历和教育。建议的概念框架以提高教师能力、培养教师的反思能力和为教师的社会工作反种族主义教学法能力搭建支架的实用策略为中心。提高教师能力的策略包括专业发展和培训、处理场所以及政策和支持。培养教师反思能力的策略侧重于运用种族意识、评估价值观和采取谦逊态度。反种族主义教学技能的策略包括建立有意识的班级文化、勇敢地开展协作学习以及依靠抵抗。本文最后讨论了社会工作教育者的反种族主义能力建设以及对美国社会工作教育的广泛影响。
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引用次数: 0
Constructing the Future of Social Work Tech Habits of Mind With the Ethical OS 用伦理OS构建社会工作技术思维习惯的未来
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-08-16 DOI: 10.18060/24978
Tonya D. Bibbs, Samantha N. Wolfe-Taylor, Nicole Alston, Mackenzie L. Barron, Lillian Beaudoin, Samuel Bradley, A. Glennon, Julie Munoz-Najar, Laura Nissen, Juan A. Rios, H. Szlyk, Anjanette A Wells, Jaehee Yi, Jimmy A. Young
Technological innovation has long been seen as a hallmark of progress in the modern world. While these advances may facilitate advantages to individual and social well-being, they have the potential for creating new areas of risk and expanding on those that already exist. In addition, a global pandemic has reshaped how we interact with one another, as more people connect online. Social work’s ongoing relationship with technology necessitates that we evaluate and re-envision how tech ethics create, shape, and transform social work practice. This paper has three goals. First, we argue that technologies have long been a hidden driver of social work practice and provide an initial mapping of their current influence. Second, we introduce the Ethical OS as a tool for conceptualizing ethical issues that may arise in social work practice, education, and policy. We ask if this tool could promote seeing around corners regarding how developing technologies might be advantageous or disadvantageous for reference or consumer groups. For example, how do they reify historical injustices such as structural racism and how do they offer remediation? Third, we discuss the importance of building coherent, social work tech habits of mind, in practice now and for the future
长期以来,技术创新一直被视为现代世界进步的标志。虽然这些进步可能促进个人和社会福利的好处,但它们有可能产生新的风险领域,并在已经存在的领域上扩大风险。此外,随着越来越多的人在网上联系,一场全球大流行重塑了我们彼此互动的方式。社会工作与技术的持续关系要求我们评估和重新设想技术伦理如何创造、塑造和改变社会工作实践。本文有三个目标。首先,我们认为技术长期以来一直是社会工作实践的隐藏驱动力,并提供了其当前影响的初步映射。其次,我们介绍道德操作系统作为一个工具,概念化在社会工作实践,教育和政策中可能出现的道德问题。我们想知道,这个工具是否可以促进对开发技术如何对参考或消费者群体有利或不利的观察。例如,他们如何将结构性种族主义等历史上的不公正具体化,他们如何提供补救措施?第三,我们讨论了在现在和未来的实践中建立连贯的社会工作技术思维习惯的重要性
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引用次数: 0
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Advances in social work
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