Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4236/jss.2023.1110024
Marwa A. Elsherif
Microfinance is considered as an effective tool for poverty reduction and socioeconomic development. This paper examines the impact of microfinance on poverty eradication by analyzing the causal links between the intensity of microfinance and poverty estimates. It employs heterogeneous panel causality techniques on a sample of North African countries over the period 1990-2021. Furthermore, the paper studies the impact of other control variables on poverty namely: arable land; agricultural value added; inflation; youth population; trade openness; school expenditure; health expenditure; rural population and per capita GDP growth rate. Parameters are measured using the fixed-effect estimation. Results reveal that, access to microfinance through the increase in the number of active borrowers along with the average loan size reduce poverty significantly in the sample countries as measured by the headcount ratios and poverty gap. Policymakers and regulators should ensure that microfinance is targeted at more efficient and equitable lending which will create more opportunities, thus increasing income, economic empowerment and reducing poverty.
{"title":"Microfinance and Poverty Eradication in the North African Countries: A Heterogeneous Panel Causality Analysis","authors":"Marwa A. Elsherif","doi":"10.4236/jss.2023.1110024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2023.1110024","url":null,"abstract":"Microfinance is considered as an effective tool for poverty reduction and socioeconomic development. This paper examines the impact of microfinance on poverty eradication by analyzing the causal links between the intensity of microfinance and poverty estimates. It employs heterogeneous panel causality techniques on a sample of North African countries over the period 1990-2021. Furthermore, the paper studies the impact of other control variables on poverty namely: arable land; agricultural value added; inflation; youth population; trade openness; school expenditure; health expenditure; rural population and per capita GDP growth rate. Parameters are measured using the fixed-effect estimation. Results reveal that, access to microfinance through the increase in the number of active borrowers along with the average loan size reduce poverty significantly in the sample countries as measured by the headcount ratios and poverty gap. Policymakers and regulators should ensure that microfinance is targeted at more efficient and equitable lending which will create more opportunities, thus increasing income, economic empowerment and reducing poverty.","PeriodicalId":74353,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of social sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135158133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper investigates the socioeconomic impact of fiscal decentralization in Pakistan. The time-series sample during 1982-2018 is divided between pre and post-periods of the 7th National Finance Commission (NFC) Award of 2009. The socioeconomic impacts were separated into growth, education, and health. Results found that there is a positive long-run relationship across the variables. At the same time, the total effect from composite decentralization has positively impacted economic growth and education but none to the health sector after the 7th NFC award. The outcomes have been elaborated with socioeconomic analysis. The study also provides policy recommendations based on empirical outcomes.
{"title":"Fiscal Decentralization and Socioeconomic Implications in Pakistan: Focus on Pre & Post 7<sup>th</sup> NFC Award","authors":"Nadia Farooq","doi":"10.4236/jss.2023.119031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2023.119031","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the socioeconomic impact of fiscal decentralization in Pakistan. The time-series sample during 1982-2018 is divided between pre and post-periods of the 7th National Finance Commission (NFC) Award of 2009. The socioeconomic impacts were separated into growth, education, and health. Results found that there is a positive long-run relationship across the variables. At the same time, the total effect from composite decentralization has positively impacted economic growth and education but none to the health sector after the 7th NFC award. The outcomes have been elaborated with socioeconomic analysis. The study also provides policy recommendations based on empirical outcomes.","PeriodicalId":74353,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of social sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135649347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4236/jss.2023.1110035
Feng Dou
As the lubricant of interpersonal relationships, euphemisms are not only a linguistic phenomenon, but also a social and cultural phenomenon. At the same time, media language is also used as an important and necessary tool for communicating cultural information and ideas. Film and television productions, as cultural carriers, represent people’s lifestyles, social conventions, values, and other features in a country or region. In this article, we examine “Desperate Housewives” and “Ode to Joy” as examples of euphemisms in Chinese and English. The two dramas are comparable from the standpoint of euphemism. To investigate variations indicated by diverse cultural value orientations, euphemism uses them. The goal is to illustrate the national features and cultural implications of Chinese and Western countries, as well as to better comprehend the language styles of Chinese and Western TV dramas. Lay the groundwork for cross-cultural communication by learning about the various cultural values that underpin the language.
{"title":"A Comparative Study of English and Chinese Euphemisms—Taking Desperate Housewives and Ode to Joy as Examples","authors":"Feng Dou","doi":"10.4236/jss.2023.1110035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2023.1110035","url":null,"abstract":"As the lubricant of interpersonal relationships, euphemisms are not only a linguistic phenomenon, but also a social and cultural phenomenon. At the same time, media language is also used as an important and necessary tool for communicating cultural information and ideas. Film and television productions, as cultural carriers, represent people’s lifestyles, social conventions, values, and other features in a country or region. In this article, we examine “Desperate Housewives” and “Ode to Joy” as examples of euphemisms in Chinese and English. The two dramas are comparable from the standpoint of euphemism. To investigate variations indicated by diverse cultural value orientations, euphemism uses them. The goal is to illustrate the national features and cultural implications of Chinese and Western countries, as well as to better comprehend the language styles of Chinese and Western TV dramas. Lay the groundwork for cross-cultural communication by learning about the various cultural values that underpin the language.","PeriodicalId":74353,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of social sciences","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135705334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study examined the impact of pension funds on capital market development in Nigeria from 1995-2022 using ex-post facto research design. Data were collected from the Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin and annual report of the pension fund commission. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, unit root test and auto regressive lag model (ARDL). The findings show that there is a long run relationship between market capitalization as a ratio of gross domestic product and selected pension fund variables in Nigeria. Also, there is a no long run relationship between all share index as a ratio of gross domestic product and selected pension fund variables in Nigeria. This implies that there is a short run relationship between all share index as a ratio of gross domestic product and selected pension fund variables in Nigeria. Also, pension fund has positive and statistically insignificant implying that the present value of pension contributory fund does not impact positively on its immediate past state. Inflation has positive and significant impact on market capitalization as a ratio of gross domestic product in Nigeria. Also, inflation has negative and insignificant impact on all share index as a ratio of gross domestic product in Nigeria. Pension investment at precious value is positive and as a statistically significant impact on all share index as a ratio of gross domestic product in Nigeria implying that pension fund investment could be used as purchase of share to increase the total share index in the Nigeria for future benefit for the pensioner whose contribution yields greater impact or return for stable future. The study recommended that pension fund administrators in Nigeria should understand that the rate of inflation is dynamic in Nigeria and the value of money is being lost as money is not worth its values in the next five years.
{"title":"How Does Pension Funds Impact Stock Market Development? An Empirical Analysis from Nigeria Using ARDL Technique","authors":"Sule Yakubu, Taiwo Adewale Muritala, Hauwa Lamino Abubakar, Akeem Adewale Bakare, Wasiu Akintunde Yusuf, Hafsat Olatanwa Afolabi","doi":"10.4236/jss.2023.119036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2023.119036","url":null,"abstract":"The study examined the impact of pension funds on capital market development in Nigeria from 1995-2022 using ex-post facto research design. Data were collected from the Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin and annual report of the pension fund commission. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, unit root test and auto regressive lag model (ARDL). The findings show that there is a long run relationship between market capitalization as a ratio of gross domestic product and selected pension fund variables in Nigeria. Also, there is a no long run relationship between all share index as a ratio of gross domestic product and selected pension fund variables in Nigeria. This implies that there is a short run relationship between all share index as a ratio of gross domestic product and selected pension fund variables in Nigeria. Also, pension fund has positive and statistically insignificant implying that the present value of pension contributory fund does not impact positively on its immediate past state. Inflation has positive and significant impact on market capitalization as a ratio of gross domestic product in Nigeria. Also, inflation has negative and insignificant impact on all share index as a ratio of gross domestic product in Nigeria. Pension investment at precious value is positive and as a statistically significant impact on all share index as a ratio of gross domestic product in Nigeria implying that pension fund investment could be used as purchase of share to increase the total share index in the Nigeria for future benefit for the pensioner whose contribution yields greater impact or return for stable future. The study recommended that pension fund administrators in Nigeria should understand that the rate of inflation is dynamic in Nigeria and the value of money is being lost as money is not worth its values in the next five years.","PeriodicalId":74353,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of social sciences","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135748665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4236/jss.2023.1110005
Anneloes Van den Broek
Background: The changing and increasing demand for healthcare has consequences for education as the foundation for professional healthcare practice. This contributes to the urgency of the improvement of mental healthcare by a revision of the Postgraduate Psychology internships. Purpose: Exploration of several forms of network governance, in order to find the most suitable one, to perpetuate the desired future regional cooperation in postgraduate internships for psychologists and to achieve national goals. Method: A literature review of various forms of network governance mirrored to a real-life case study of a cooperation in a postgraduate internship program in a Mental health Institute. Results: Three proven effective formats of network governance were compared: the “Shared Governed Network” (SGN); the “Lead Organization Governed Network” (LOGN) and the “Network Administrative Organization” (NAO). Several predictors of the success of a particular format of governance were evaluated: mutual trust between participants, the number of participants, consensus on the purpose of the network and the need for network skills, shared ambition, mutual gains (interests), relationship dynamics, organizational dynamics, and process management. Conclusion: Based on the literature review, the Lead Organization Governed Network (LOGN) appears to offer the highest potential for effective, sustainable and flexible collaboration in Postgraduate internship for Psychologists.
{"title":"Future-Proof Changes in Dutch Healthcare: Impact on the Governance of the Postgraduate Psychology Training","authors":"Anneloes Van den Broek","doi":"10.4236/jss.2023.1110005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2023.1110005","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The changing and increasing demand for healthcare has consequences for education as the foundation for professional healthcare practice. This contributes to the urgency of the improvement of mental healthcare by a revision of the Postgraduate Psychology internships. Purpose: Exploration of several forms of network governance, in order to find the most suitable one, to perpetuate the desired future regional cooperation in postgraduate internships for psychologists and to achieve national goals. Method: A literature review of various forms of network governance mirrored to a real-life case study of a cooperation in a postgraduate internship program in a Mental health Institute. Results: Three proven effective formats of network governance were compared: the “Shared Governed Network” (SGN); the “Lead Organization Governed Network” (LOGN) and the “Network Administrative Organization” (NAO). Several predictors of the success of a particular format of governance were evaluated: mutual trust between participants, the number of participants, consensus on the purpose of the network and the need for network skills, shared ambition, mutual gains (interests), relationship dynamics, organizational dynamics, and process management. Conclusion: Based on the literature review, the Lead Organization Governed Network (LOGN) appears to offer the highest potential for effective, sustainable and flexible collaboration in Postgraduate internship for Psychologists.","PeriodicalId":74353,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of social sciences","volume":"363 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136207774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: COVID-19 has emerged as a public health crisis with far-reaching implications, impacting not only physical well-being but also precipitating severe mental health challenges. Compared to other occupations, individually-owned businesses in China lack adequate external security measures. However, the mental health challenges they face during this epidemic have not been thoroughly examined. Purpose: This study aimed to examine the mental health of individually-owned businesses in China during the COVID-19 epidemic. Methods: Employing a qualitative research design, 26 individual businesses were selected for semi-structured interviews to investigate their mental health status amidst the pandemic. Results: The results indicated that individually-owned businesses reported experiencing a range of perceived psychological feelings such as helplessness, complaint, fear, and anxiety. Additionally, it was revealed that these businesses relied on social support that included physical, emotional, and informational support to alleviate the negative impact of the pandemic. Self-regulation was also identified as a useful strategy for coping with the challenges faced by these businesses. Conclusion: The mental health of individually-owned businesses in China needs to be concerned, and relevant psychological improvement intervention programs can be formulated from the perspective of social support and self-regulation.
{"title":"The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of Individually-Owned Businesses in China","authors":"Zhidan Wang, Fuyu Mei, Pinyan Yu, Chang Wang","doi":"10.4236/jss.2023.119005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2023.119005","url":null,"abstract":"Background: COVID-19 has emerged as a public health crisis with far-reaching implications, impacting not only physical well-being but also precipitating severe mental health challenges. Compared to other occupations, individually-owned businesses in China lack adequate external security measures. However, the mental health challenges they face during this epidemic have not been thoroughly examined. Purpose: This study aimed to examine the mental health of individually-owned businesses in China during the COVID-19 epidemic. Methods: Employing a qualitative research design, 26 individual businesses were selected for semi-structured interviews to investigate their mental health status amidst the pandemic. Results: The results indicated that individually-owned businesses reported experiencing a range of perceived psychological feelings such as helplessness, complaint, fear, and anxiety. Additionally, it was revealed that these businesses relied on social support that included physical, emotional, and informational support to alleviate the negative impact of the pandemic. Self-regulation was also identified as a useful strategy for coping with the challenges faced by these businesses. Conclusion: The mental health of individually-owned businesses in China needs to be concerned, and relevant psychological improvement intervention programs can be formulated from the perspective of social support and self-regulation.","PeriodicalId":74353,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of social sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134888096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4236/jss.2023.1110011
Fengjiao Qiang, Xinxin Yang
With the strategic goal of achieving “carbon peak, carbon neutral” and the new era of green development in mind, academic studies on the correlation between green innovation and enterprise performance have surged. A fundamental research framework has been established, nevertheless, there still remains ambiguity on the intrinsic relationship between green innovation and enterprise performance. Therefore, this article aims to systematically organize the literature on this subject. The article aims to methodically review the literature pertaining to the correlation between green innovation and enterprise performance. It focuses on summarizing the theoretical basis of how green innovation impacts enterprise performance, analyzing and clarifying the effects of green product, process, and management innovation on enterprise performance. Finally, it presents future perspectives from a theoretical research viewpoint, in order to provide theoretical references and recommendations for the implementation of a green innovation strategy and enhancement of enterprise performance.
{"title":"Green Innovation and Firm Performance: Review and Prospects","authors":"Fengjiao Qiang, Xinxin Yang","doi":"10.4236/jss.2023.1110011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2023.1110011","url":null,"abstract":"With the strategic goal of achieving “carbon peak, carbon neutral” and the new era of green development in mind, academic studies on the correlation between green innovation and enterprise performance have surged. A fundamental research framework has been established, nevertheless, there still remains ambiguity on the intrinsic relationship between green innovation and enterprise performance. Therefore, this article aims to systematically organize the literature on this subject. The article aims to methodically review the literature pertaining to the correlation between green innovation and enterprise performance. It focuses on summarizing the theoretical basis of how green innovation impacts enterprise performance, analyzing and clarifying the effects of green product, process, and management innovation on enterprise performance. Finally, it presents future perspectives from a theoretical research viewpoint, in order to provide theoretical references and recommendations for the implementation of a green innovation strategy and enhancement of enterprise performance.","PeriodicalId":74353,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of social sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136373873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Communication across Cultures in the Workplace: Swimming in Scandinavian Waters","authors":"Mille Langaas, B. Mujtaba","doi":"10.4236/jss.2023.114014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2023.114014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74353,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of social sciences","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88860913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the era of low carbon economy, culture tourism industry has gradually become the “green sunrise industry” that major countries in the world give priority development to. Guangdong has always invariably place a high premium on the development of culture tourism industry. However, the out-break of the COVID-19 has greatly impacted the previously prosperous cultural tourism industry, which directly led to a sharp decline in the revenue of cultural tourism industry. Now, China’s management of COVID-19 has been downgraded to the less strict Category B from the current top-level Category A, meaning the culture tourism industry will usher in new development opportunities. Herein, we analyze and study the policy orientation, key projects, regional cooperation, intelligent construction and other aspects of Guang-dong’s cultural tourism industry, put forward targeted countermeasures and suggestions on the development status and existing problems of Guangdong’s culture tourism industry by comparing the development modes of culture tourism industry in other cities.
{"title":"Analysis and Countermeasure Research on the Development Status of Guangdong Culture Tourism Industry","authors":"Guangli Yang","doi":"10.4236/jss.2023.112006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2023.112006","url":null,"abstract":"In the era of low carbon economy, culture tourism industry has gradually become the “green sunrise industry” that major countries in the world give priority development to. Guangdong has always invariably place a high premium on the development of culture tourism industry. However, the out-break of the COVID-19 has greatly impacted the previously prosperous cultural tourism industry, which directly led to a sharp decline in the revenue of cultural tourism industry. Now, China’s management of COVID-19 has been downgraded to the less strict Category B from the current top-level Category A, meaning the culture tourism industry will usher in new development opportunities. Herein, we analyze and study the policy orientation, key projects, regional cooperation, intelligent construction and other aspects of Guang-dong’s cultural tourism industry, put forward targeted countermeasures and suggestions on the development status and existing problems of Guangdong’s culture tourism industry by comparing the development modes of culture tourism industry in other cities.","PeriodicalId":74353,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of social sciences","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85874821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nikolaos Dimitriadis, Cátia Cruz, Ioanara Silva, J. Oliveira, Eliza Patouris
{"title":"The Impact of Religious Fundamentalism on Places of Worship","authors":"Nikolaos Dimitriadis, Cátia Cruz, Ioanara Silva, J. Oliveira, Eliza Patouris","doi":"10.4236/jss.2023.114019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2023.114019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74353,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of social sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81205294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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