American journal of cancer research最新文献

[This retracts the article on p. 595 in vol. 10, PMID: 32195030.].

[This corrects the article on p. 1502 in vol. 12, PMID: 35530280.].

Multiple primary malignancies (MPMs) are a more severe and common problem to exist in the field of clinical Oncologist. The case of a 61-year-old male with three metachronous primary cancers over a span of 36 months: duodenal mucinous adenocarcinoma, facial basal cell carcinoma, and appendiceal goblet cell adenocarcinoma. In 2021 the patient initially visited the hospital with clinical features consistent with acute cholangitis, which was later determined through a comprehensive series of examinations, such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and endoscopic biopsy, to be a duodenal adenocarcinoma, thus undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy followed by adjuvant FOLFOX (folinic acid + fluorouracil + oxaliplatin) chemotherapy. Subsequently, a facial basal cell carcinoma was excised in 2022, and an appendiceal goblet cell adenocarcinoma was discovered by chance during appendectomy for a suspected abscess in 2023, so further FOLFOX chemotherapy was administered. Duodenal tumor showed mismatch repair (MMR) proficiency and wild-type p53 by immunohistochemistry but germline testing was not performed. This case shows that MPM can imitate common benign diseases, need to do a thorough investigation, highly vigilant. To establish criteria of clinicopathological stringency, and showed that the possible defining characteristic in the absence of any specific inherited syndromes was probably chronic inflammation which acted as "common soil". Radical surgery and one consistent chemotherapeutic regimen for two adenocarcinomas, a practical route. Finally, it's stated in this report here that comprehensive long-term multimodality follow up in all the cancer survivors should be done to get the early new primary malignancies.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with chemotherapy has become a standard first-line treatment, yet their effects on coagulation and thrombosis risk are not fully defined. The retrospective cohort study analyzed 218 NSCLC patients receiving either ICI plus chemotherapy (n=102) or chemotherapy alone (n=116). We compared objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), key coagulation biomarkers (D-dimer, fibrinogen, fibrin degradation products [FDP], and plasmin-α₂ antiplasmin complex [PAP]), and venous thromboembolism (VTE) incidence between groups. Compared to chemotherapy alone, combination therapy had significantly higher ORR (50.98% vs. 31.03%, P=0.003) and DCR (84.31% vs. 72.41%, P=0.034). Following treatment, the combination group also showed significantly greater elevations in coagulation biomarkers: D-dimer (1.12±0.48 vs. 1.84±0.41 mg/L), fibrinogen (4.26±1.08 vs. 3.78±0.94 g/L), FDP (6.27±2.48 vs. 5.18±2.13 µg/mL), and PAP (1.28±0.46 vs. 1.02±0.41 µg/mL; all P<0.001). Moreover, VTE incidence was notably higher in the combination group (16.67% vs. 7.76%, P=0.043). While ICI-chemotherapy offers superior antitumor efficacy, it is associated with greater coagulation activation and an increased VTE risk compared to chemotherapy alone in NSCLC patients.

[This corrects the article on p. 723 in vol. 8, PMID: 29736317.].

[This corrects the article on p. 3294 in vol. 14, PMID: 39113874.].

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of interventional embolization combined with Pingyangmycin injection in children with Kasai-type hemangioendothelioma (KHE).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 60 children with KHE admitted between January 2015 and December 2024. All patients were treated with interventional embolization combined with Pingyangmycin injection. Demographic and clinical data of patients were collected. The platelet count, coagulation function, therapeutic effect, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) scores were compared before and after treatment. Survival outcomes were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier method. Factors affecting HRQoL were analyzed using univariate and multivariate regression analysis.

Results: The total effective rate was 80%. The 1-year and 3-year survival rates were 93.3% and 66.67%, respectively. After treatment, the platelet count was significantly increased, and the coagulation function was significantly improved (P<0.05). In addition, the HRQoL scores of each dimension were significantly improved after treatment (P<0.01). Univariate and multivariate analysis identified activity disorder, platelet count, and parents' education level as independent factors affecting HRQoL (all P<0.05).

Conclusion: Interventional embolization combined with Pingyangmycin injection is an effective method for the treatment of KHE involving the trunk and limbs in children. It demonstrates good effects on correcting thrombocytopenia and improving the quality of life of affected children.

Mitochondria-related genes or proteins can affect various functional indicators of mitochondria, encompassing ATP synthesis, the generation of reactive oxygen species, and the intricate process of mitochondrial autophagy. Numerous researches have unveiled a profound association between mitochondrial dysfunction and the onset, progression, and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. In recent years, a large number of studies have conducted experiments on mitochondria-related genes or proteins to explore their roles and mechanisms in causing mitochondrial functional changes and thereby influencing the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. Over the past five years, a plethora of studies have been meticulously conducted on mitochondria - related genes and proteins. The aim is to precisely define their functions and the underlying molecular mechanisms in triggering mitochondrial functional aberrations, thereby affecting the progression of HCC. This review is dedicated to comprehensively recapitulating the pertinent progress made in the past half - decade. Additionally, it will delve into how these factors can present feasible and prospective therapeutic modalities for the management of HCC.

We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combination of nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine as a second-line treatment, after first-line treatment with FOLFIRINOX regimen, for metastatic or locally advanced unresectable pancreatic cancer. This national multicenter retrospective study included patients with metastatic or unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer treated with FOLFIRINOX in the first-line setting. After progression with first-line treatment, all patients were treated with nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine as second-line treatment. This study included 180 patients across 15 centers with a median age of 60 years. The median overall survival (OS) of all patients was 17.9 months. The median progression-free survival (PFS) following first-line chemotherapy was 8.4 months, whereas the median PFS achieved with nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine treatment was 5.5 months. Regarding treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), all grades of non-hematologic adverse events (AEs) occurred at expected rates. However, the incidence of hematologic TRAEs was lower than anticipated. Grade 5 TRAEs were not observed. Patients who responded well to first-line FOLFIRINOX demonstrated a trend toward better outcomes with NG, although this did not reach statistical significance. The combination of nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine is safe and effective as second-line treatment for locally advanced unresectable or metastatic pancreatic cancer after FOLFIRINOX.

Lung cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths, and drug-resistant lung cancer stem cells (LCSCs) play a significant role in its progression. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common modification on mRNA. It has been identified as an important epigenetic regulator of LCSC fate. This review focuses on the m6A regulatory machinery in regulating the basic biological functions of LCSCs, involving self-renewal, tumorigenesis, and its metastasis. In addition, this review specifically highlights how m6A modification is dysregulated in LCSCs' resistance to chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Moreover, new therapies, like small-molecule inhibitors aimed at enzymes such as METTL3 and FTO that play important roles in m6A are introduced in this review, which could aid in eradicating LCSCs and overcoming treatment failure. m6A pathway is a promising target for discovering new therapies to combat the recurrence of lung cancer.