Christina M Tringides, Marjolaine Boulingre, David J Mooney
Abstract Multielectrode arrays are fabricated from thin films of highly conductive and ductile metals, which cannot mimic the natural environment of biological tissues. These properties limit the conformability of the electrode to the underlying target tissue and present challenges in developing seamless interfaces. By introducing porous, hydrogel materials that are embedded with metal additives, highly conductive hydrogels can be formed. Tuning the hydrogel composition, % volume and aspect ratio of different additive(s), and the processing conditions of these composite materials can alter the mechanical and electrical properties. The resulting materials have a high surface area and can be used as biomaterial scaffolds to support the growth of macrophages for 5 days. Further optimization can enable the use of the materials for the electrodes in implantable arrays, or as living electrode platforms, to study and modulate various cellular cultures. These advancements would benefit both in vivo and in vitro applications of tissue engineering.
{"title":"Metal-based porous hydrogels for highly conductive biomaterial scaffolds","authors":"Christina M Tringides, Marjolaine Boulingre, David J Mooney","doi":"10.1093/oxfmat/itad002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfmat/itad002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Multielectrode arrays are fabricated from thin films of highly conductive and ductile metals, which cannot mimic the natural environment of biological tissues. These properties limit the conformability of the electrode to the underlying target tissue and present challenges in developing seamless interfaces. By introducing porous, hydrogel materials that are embedded with metal additives, highly conductive hydrogels can be formed. Tuning the hydrogel composition, % volume and aspect ratio of different additive(s), and the processing conditions of these composite materials can alter the mechanical and electrical properties. The resulting materials have a high surface area and can be used as biomaterial scaffolds to support the growth of macrophages for 5 days. Further optimization can enable the use of the materials for the electrodes in implantable arrays, or as living electrode platforms, to study and modulate various cellular cultures. These advancements would benefit both in vivo and in vitro applications of tissue engineering.","PeriodicalId":74385,"journal":{"name":"Oxford open materials science","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135126894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Gaither-Ganim, Scott Newlon, Michael G Anderson, Bumsu Lee
Since the onset of the 90’s, the development of single molecule spectroscopy has led to the discovery of various quantum optical signatures in organic single molecules. The single-photon nature of an organic chromophore is of particular importance because of its potential as a non-classical photon source at room temperature for quantum information science and optical quantum computing. This condensed review focuses on the introduction of fundamental knowledge and basic experimental methods for single photon sources and organic molecular photophysics, and summarizes the research developments in this field providing an understanding of quantum emission from organic single molecules.
{"title":"Organic Molecule Single-Photon Sources","authors":"M. Gaither-Ganim, Scott Newlon, Michael G Anderson, Bumsu Lee","doi":"10.1093/oxfmat/itac017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfmat/itac017","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Since the onset of the 90’s, the development of single molecule spectroscopy has led to the discovery of various quantum optical signatures in organic single molecules. The single-photon nature of an organic chromophore is of particular importance because of its potential as a non-classical photon source at room temperature for quantum information science and optical quantum computing. This condensed review focuses on the introduction of fundamental knowledge and basic experimental methods for single photon sources and organic molecular photophysics, and summarizes the research developments in this field providing an understanding of quantum emission from organic single molecules.","PeriodicalId":74385,"journal":{"name":"Oxford open materials science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48522626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Poonam Yadav, V. Shelke, Apurva Patrike, M. Shelke
Development, commercialization, and use of LIBs will reach their peak soon. At present, this is posing the future risk of supply of raw materials for LIBs due to their restricted distribution and lack of effective Li-recycling technology. SBBs are considered the best alternative to LIBs due to their similarity in chemistries and fabrication techniques. However, SBB technology does not have high energy density and is not mature enough yet to meet the energy requirement of wide application sectors. Scientists are optimizing different anode, cathode, and electrolyte materials, and fabrication techniques to boost the electrochemical performance of SBB. Several companies have been founded to commercialize the SBB technology. This review summarizes the development of different SBB chemistries and their commercialization by companies. It also discusses chemistries that seem promising in the future development and commercialization of SBBs.
{"title":"Sodium Based Batteries: Development, Commercialization Journey and New Emerging Chemistries","authors":"Poonam Yadav, V. Shelke, Apurva Patrike, M. Shelke","doi":"10.1093/oxfmat/itac019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfmat/itac019","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Development, commercialization, and use of LIBs will reach their peak soon. At present, this is posing the future risk of supply of raw materials for LIBs due to their restricted distribution and lack of effective Li-recycling technology. SBBs are considered the best alternative to LIBs due to their similarity in chemistries and fabrication techniques. However, SBB technology does not have high energy density and is not mature enough yet to meet the energy requirement of wide application sectors. Scientists are optimizing different anode, cathode, and electrolyte materials, and fabrication techniques to boost the electrochemical performance of SBB. Several companies have been founded to commercialize the SBB technology. This review summarizes the development of different SBB chemistries and their commercialization by companies. It also discusses chemistries that seem promising in the future development and commercialization of SBBs.","PeriodicalId":74385,"journal":{"name":"Oxford open materials science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45452240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aravind Puthirath Balan, E. Oliveira, G. Costin, Tia Gray, Nithya Chakingal, Abhijit Biswas, Anand B. Puthirath
Non-van der Waals two-dimensional materials are gaining popularity due to their exciting confinement-enhanced properties for magnetic, catalytic, and optoelectronic applications. The recent discovery of mechanical and liquid exfoliation of non-van der Waals materials along the cleavage planes, owing to the very low scission energies, is encouraging and opens the avenue for further exploration of non-van der Waals materials having exceptional properties. Herein, we successfully isolated a few layers of Pyrrhotite (Fe7S8) nanosheets from bulk mineral ore by means of liquid phase exfoliation in organic solvent and studied the magnetic ordering at bulk and exfoliated samples. Both experimental and first principle theoretical investigations point out confinement-induced magneto-structural phase transition from ferromagnetic monoclinic (4M) to antiferromagnetic hexagonal (3T) characterized by the suppression of Besnus transition.
{"title":"Magneto-structural Phase transition in Exfoliated Pyrrhotite (Fe7S8) Ultra-thin Sheets","authors":"Aravind Puthirath Balan, E. Oliveira, G. Costin, Tia Gray, Nithya Chakingal, Abhijit Biswas, Anand B. Puthirath","doi":"10.1093/oxfmat/itac020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfmat/itac020","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Non-van der Waals two-dimensional materials are gaining popularity due to their exciting confinement-enhanced properties for magnetic, catalytic, and optoelectronic applications. The recent discovery of mechanical and liquid exfoliation of non-van der Waals materials along the cleavage planes, owing to the very low scission energies, is encouraging and opens the avenue for further exploration of non-van der Waals materials having exceptional properties. Herein, we successfully isolated a few layers of Pyrrhotite (Fe7S8) nanosheets from bulk mineral ore by means of liquid phase exfoliation in organic solvent and studied the magnetic ordering at bulk and exfoliated samples. Both experimental and first principle theoretical investigations point out confinement-induced magneto-structural phase transition from ferromagnetic monoclinic (4M) to antiferromagnetic hexagonal (3T) characterized by the suppression of Besnus transition.","PeriodicalId":74385,"journal":{"name":"Oxford open materials science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43748208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We have developed a series of Ru-Sensitizers (GS16, GS17, and GS19) with molecular architecture containing a tridentate ligand with one, two, and three anchoring groups and three thiocyanates. Furthermore, we have studied the effect of the number of carboxylic groups on photovoltaic properties. The absorption spectra of the novel sensitizers extended up to the red region (900 nm). The electrochemical studies reveal that the oxidation potentials are aligned below the iodine-based redox potential, feasible for easy regeneration and the LUMO of all sensitizers lie above the TiO2 conduction band, which is a favour for easy electron injection. The overall efficiency (η) of the GS16, GS17, and GS19 is 1.13%, 2.71%, and 1.59% with short circuit current (JSC) of 3.74 mA cm−2, 7.08 mA cm−2, 6.27 mA cm−2, open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.42 V, 0.54 V and 0.39 V and fill factor (FF) of 0.70, 0.70 and 0.65 respectively. The highest efficiency of 2.71% was observed in GS17, bearing the two anchoring groups compared to one and three carboxylic acid-containing sensitizers (GS16 and GS19). Theoretical studies are also examined and matched with the experimental data.
我们已经开发了一系列的ru -敏化剂(GS16, GS17和GS19)，其分子结构包含一个带有一个，两个和三个锚基的三齿配体和三个硫氰酸酯。此外，我们还研究了羧基数目对光伏性能的影响。新型增敏剂的吸收光谱扩展到红色区域(900 nm)。电化学研究表明，氧化电位排列在碘基氧化还原电位以下，易于再生，并且所有敏化剂的LUMO均位于TiO2导带上方，有利于电子注入。GS16、GS17和GS19的总效率(η)分别为1.13%、2.71%和1.59%，短路电流(JSC)分别为3.74 mA cm−2、7.08 mA cm−2和6.27 mA cm−2，开路电压(VOC)分别为0.42 V、0.54 V和0.39 V，填充因子(FF)分别为0.70、0.70和0.65。与含一羧酸和含三羧酸的增敏剂(GS16和GS19)相比，含两种锚定基团的GS17的效率最高，为2.71%。理论研究也进行了检验，并与实验数据相匹配。
{"title":"Effect of Anchoring Groups Number on the Photovoltaic Parameters in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells","authors":"T. Swetha, S. Singh","doi":"10.1093/oxfmat/itac018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfmat/itac018","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We have developed a series of Ru-Sensitizers (GS16, GS17, and GS19) with molecular architecture containing a tridentate ligand with one, two, and three anchoring groups and three thiocyanates. Furthermore, we have studied the effect of the number of carboxylic groups on photovoltaic properties. The absorption spectra of the novel sensitizers extended up to the red region (900 nm). The electrochemical studies reveal that the oxidation potentials are aligned below the iodine-based redox potential, feasible for easy regeneration and the LUMO of all sensitizers lie above the TiO2 conduction band, which is a favour for easy electron injection. The overall efficiency (η) of the GS16, GS17, and GS19 is 1.13%, 2.71%, and 1.59% with short circuit current (JSC) of 3.74 mA cm−2, 7.08 mA cm−2, 6.27 mA cm−2, open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.42 V, 0.54 V and 0.39 V and fill factor (FF) of 0.70, 0.70 and 0.65 respectively. The highest efficiency of 2.71% was observed in GS17, bearing the two anchoring groups compared to one and three carboxylic acid-containing sensitizers (GS16 and GS19). Theoretical studies are also examined and matched with the experimental data.","PeriodicalId":74385,"journal":{"name":"Oxford open materials science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46927293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sumit Bawari, Ankush Guha, T. N. Narayanan, Jagannath Mondal
Platinum (Pt) is a benchmarked catalyst for several electro-catalytic processes, although the complex nature of heterogeneous charge transfer processes at the platinum-electrolyte interface hinders an atomistic level understanding of the electrodics. In this study, we aim to capture the chemical changes of Pt surfaces brought on by an applied potential, which can probe the catalytic efficacy under varying applied bias. Through a combined experimental and reactive molecular dynamics (MD) simulation approach, we uncover the effect of charge build up on the surface of the Pt electrode, which can be directed towards capacitive and faradaic processes. In the case of a moderately acidic pH shown here, the potential dependence of simulated electrodic processes align well with the experimental results from electrochemistry and in situ surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Using reactive MD and SERS based studies, we are able to probe into the interfacial water structure and the formation of the Helmholtz layer. At reductive potentials of ∼0.3-0.0 V vs RHE, we simulate phenomenon such as under potential hydrogen adsorption and hydrogen evolution/oxidation reaction. Together, the investigation establishes a framework for quantitative exploration of catalytic processes in electrolytes at very high spatial and temporal resolution.
铂（Pt）是几种电催化过程的基准催化剂，尽管铂-电解质界面上非均相电荷转移过程的复杂性阻碍了对电动力学的原子级理解。在这项研究中，我们的目标是捕捉施加电势引起的Pt表面的化学变化，这可以探测不同施加偏压下的催化效果。通过实验和反应分子动力学（MD）模拟相结合的方法，我们揭示了电荷在Pt电极表面积聚的影响，这可以指向电容和法拉第过程。在这里显示的中等酸性pH的情况下，模拟的电过程的电势依赖性与电化学和原位表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）的实验结果非常一致。使用基于反应MD和SERS的研究，我们能够探测界面水结构和亥姆霍兹层的形成。在还原电位为～0.3-0.0V vs RHE时，我们模拟了欠电位氢吸附和析氢/氧化反应等现象。总之，这项研究为以非常高的空间和时间分辨率定量探索电解质中的催化过程建立了一个框架。
{"title":"Understanding Water Structure and Hydrogen Association on Platinum-Electrolyte Interface","authors":"Sumit Bawari, Ankush Guha, T. N. Narayanan, Jagannath Mondal","doi":"10.1093/oxfmat/itac014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfmat/itac014","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Platinum (Pt) is a benchmarked catalyst for several electro-catalytic processes, although the complex nature of heterogeneous charge transfer processes at the platinum-electrolyte interface hinders an atomistic level understanding of the electrodics. In this study, we aim to capture the chemical changes of Pt surfaces brought on by an applied potential, which can probe the catalytic efficacy under varying applied bias. Through a combined experimental and reactive molecular dynamics (MD) simulation approach, we uncover the effect of charge build up on the surface of the Pt electrode, which can be directed towards capacitive and faradaic processes. In the case of a moderately acidic pH shown here, the potential dependence of simulated electrodic processes align well with the experimental results from electrochemistry and in situ surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Using reactive MD and SERS based studies, we are able to probe into the interfacial water structure and the formation of the Helmholtz layer. At reductive potentials of ∼0.3-0.0 V vs RHE, we simulate phenomenon such as under potential hydrogen adsorption and hydrogen evolution/oxidation reaction. Together, the investigation establishes a framework for quantitative exploration of catalytic processes in electrolytes at very high spatial and temporal resolution.","PeriodicalId":74385,"journal":{"name":"Oxford open materials science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41934676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rim M. Alsharabi, Suyash Rai, Hamed Y. Mohammed, Maamon A. Farea, S. Srinivasan, P. Saxena, A. Srivastava
Nowadays, cancer is increasingly becoming one of the foremost threats to human being life worldwide, and diagnosing this deadly disease is one of the major priorities of researchers. Described as a monolayer-thin-sheet of hexagonally patterned carbon atoms, ‘graphene’ is considered an innovative evergreen carbon material ideal for a wide array of sensing applications and nanotechnologies. Graphene-based materials have acquired a huge share of interest in the scope of biosensor fabrication for early and accurate cancer diagnosis. Herein, we have insights reviewed the various routes and technologies for synthesized graphene, and graphene-based materials including 3D graphene (i.e., hydrogels, foams, sponges, porous), and 0D graphene (i.e., quantum dots). Moreover, we have introduced the different types of graphene/graphene-based materials biosensors (i.e., electrochemical biosensors, optical biosensors, field-effect transistors biosensors, electrochemiluminescence biosensors, and microfluidics biosensors) and their merits and applications for cancer pre-stage detection.
{"title":"A Comprehensive Review on Graphene-based Materials as Biosensors for Cancer Detection","authors":"Rim M. Alsharabi, Suyash Rai, Hamed Y. Mohammed, Maamon A. Farea, S. Srinivasan, P. Saxena, A. Srivastava","doi":"10.1093/oxfmat/itac013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfmat/itac013","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Nowadays, cancer is increasingly becoming one of the foremost threats to human being life worldwide, and diagnosing this deadly disease is one of the major priorities of researchers. Described as a monolayer-thin-sheet of hexagonally patterned carbon atoms, ‘graphene’ is considered an innovative evergreen carbon material ideal for a wide array of sensing applications and nanotechnologies. Graphene-based materials have acquired a huge share of interest in the scope of biosensor fabrication for early and accurate cancer diagnosis. Herein, we have insights reviewed the various routes and technologies for synthesized graphene, and graphene-based materials including 3D graphene (i.e., hydrogels, foams, sponges, porous), and 0D graphene (i.e., quantum dots). Moreover, we have introduced the different types of graphene/graphene-based materials biosensors (i.e., electrochemical biosensors, optical biosensors, field-effect transistors biosensors, electrochemiluminescence biosensors, and microfluidics biosensors) and their merits and applications for cancer pre-stage detection.","PeriodicalId":74385,"journal":{"name":"Oxford open materials science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49405945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Implementation of stealth features on advanced airborne platforms (Aircrafts, Unmanned Air Vehicles, Missiles, etc.) has become a compulsion for each country, for denial/delay detection of these objects from enemy Radars, during tactical missions. Apart from the shaping of airframe, implementation of Microwave Absorbing Materials (MAMs) on identified locations of airborne vehicles is the only viable solution to reduce their Radar Cross Section (RCS) and eventually attain stealth capabilities. Numerous dielectric and magnetic class materials have been developed over the last few decades to fulfil the requirement for RCS reduction against various Radars operating in different frequency ranges. In this review, a detailed representation of almost entire range of materials used as MAMs has been provided along with their possible Microwave (MW) loss mechanism to fill the gap that existed for a systematic insight on MAMs till now. The current limitations, and future aspects are also discussed for the development of future stealth materials.
{"title":"Microwave Absorbing Materials for Stealth Application: A Holistic Overview","authors":"Priyambada Sahoo, L. Saini, A. Dixit","doi":"10.1093/oxfmat/itac012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfmat/itac012","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Implementation of stealth features on advanced airborne platforms (Aircrafts, Unmanned Air Vehicles, Missiles, etc.) has become a compulsion for each country, for denial/delay detection of these objects from enemy Radars, during tactical missions. Apart from the shaping of airframe, implementation of Microwave Absorbing Materials (MAMs) on identified locations of airborne vehicles is the only viable solution to reduce their Radar Cross Section (RCS) and eventually attain stealth capabilities. Numerous dielectric and magnetic class materials have been developed over the last few decades to fulfil the requirement for RCS reduction against various Radars operating in different frequency ranges. In this review, a detailed representation of almost entire range of materials used as MAMs has been provided along with their possible Microwave (MW) loss mechanism to fill the gap that existed for a systematic insight on MAMs till now. The current limitations, and future aspects are also discussed for the development of future stealth materials.","PeriodicalId":74385,"journal":{"name":"Oxford open materials science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48110118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mingsheng Li, Liqi Wang, Yongzheng Shi, Jikai Zhang, Qiang-juan Zhu, J. Shang, Bin Li, Shubin Yang
Solid-state electrolytes are responsible for transporting lithium ions between electrodes in solid-state batteries and are essential for high-safety and high-energy lithium-metal batteries. Developing novel solid-state electrolytes with high ionic conductivity and good interfacial contact is an urgent need. Here, to this end, a solid-state hybrid electrolyte is developed by mixing high-entropy lithium-containing metal oxide (Lix(Mg0.2Co0.2Ni0.2Cu0.2Zn0.2)1-xO, HEOLi) matrix and poly(ethylene oxide)-lithium salt binder and casting on PTFE substrate. By virtue of the low lithium-ion migration energy barrier of the HEOLi (0.36 eV) and the strong interaction between the oxygen vacancies of the HEOLi and the lithium salt anions, a biphasic transport of lithium ions in both inorganic and polymeric phases of the hybrid electrolyte is achieved, yielding a high ionic conductivity of 3 × 10−4 S cm−1 at 30 °C. The Li/Li symmetric cells with the hybrid electrolyte show a low overpotential of 45 mV and a long cycle life of more than 2500 h. Furthermore, coupled with the LiFePO4 cathodes and metallic lithium anodes, solid-state full cells with the hybrid electrolyte deliver a high capacity of 150 mAh g−1, stable cycle performance, and high safety. Consequently, hybrid electrolytes based on high-entropy metal oxides have broad application prospects in solid-state electrochemical energy storage and are expected to achieve lithium-metal batteries with high safety, high energy density, and long life.
固态电解质负责在固态电池的电极之间传输锂离子，对于高安全性和高能量的锂金属电池至关重要。开发具有高离子电导率和良好界面接触的新型固态电解质是迫切需要的。为此，将高熵含锂金属氧化物(Lix(Mg0.2Co0.2Ni0.2Cu0.2Zn0.2)1-xO, HEOLi)基体与聚环氧乙烷-锂盐粘结剂混合，浇铸在聚四氟乙烯基片上，制备了固态杂化电解质。利用HEOLi的低锂离子迁移能垒(0.36 eV)和HEOLi氧空位与锂盐阴离子之间的强相互作用，实现了锂离子在混合电解质的无机相和聚合物相的双相传输，在30°C下获得了3 × 10−4 S cm−1的高离子电导率。混合电解质制备的Li/Li对称电池具有45 mV的低过电位和2500 h以上的长循环寿命。此外，结合LiFePO4阴极和金属锂阳极，混合电解质的固态全电池具有150 mAh g - 1的高容量，稳定的循环性能和高安全性。因此，基于高熵金属氧化物的混合电解质在固态电化学储能方面具有广阔的应用前景，有望实现高安全性、高能量密度、长寿命的锂金属电池。
{"title":"High-entropy metal oxide containing hybrid electrolyte for long-life Li-metal batteries","authors":"Mingsheng Li, Liqi Wang, Yongzheng Shi, Jikai Zhang, Qiang-juan Zhu, J. Shang, Bin Li, Shubin Yang","doi":"10.1093/oxfmat/itac011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfmat/itac011","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Solid-state electrolytes are responsible for transporting lithium ions between electrodes in solid-state batteries and are essential for high-safety and high-energy lithium-metal batteries. Developing novel solid-state electrolytes with high ionic conductivity and good interfacial contact is an urgent need. Here, to this end, a solid-state hybrid electrolyte is developed by mixing high-entropy lithium-containing metal oxide (Lix(Mg0.2Co0.2Ni0.2Cu0.2Zn0.2)1-xO, HEOLi) matrix and poly(ethylene oxide)-lithium salt binder and casting on PTFE substrate. By virtue of the low lithium-ion migration energy barrier of the HEOLi (0.36 eV) and the strong interaction between the oxygen vacancies of the HEOLi and the lithium salt anions, a biphasic transport of lithium ions in both inorganic and polymeric phases of the hybrid electrolyte is achieved, yielding a high ionic conductivity of 3 × 10−4 S cm−1 at 30 °C. The Li/Li symmetric cells with the hybrid electrolyte show a low overpotential of 45 mV and a long cycle life of more than 2500 h. Furthermore, coupled with the LiFePO4 cathodes and metallic lithium anodes, solid-state full cells with the hybrid electrolyte deliver a high capacity of 150 mAh g−1, stable cycle performance, and high safety. Consequently, hybrid electrolytes based on high-entropy metal oxides have broad application prospects in solid-state electrochemical energy storage and are expected to achieve lithium-metal batteries with high safety, high energy density, and long life.","PeriodicalId":74385,"journal":{"name":"Oxford open materials science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46587293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Das, Rukhsar Alam, Monalisa Das, B. Biswal, B. P. Samal, A. Patnaik, S. Panda, P. S. Owuor, Prabir Patra, Chandramani Tiwary
Additive manufacturing technologies are expected to disrupt the majority of the traditional way of manufacturing methods, particularly in the field of medical and healthcare. Bones and teeth are vital organs that are susceptible to various disorders due to environmental, traumatic, genetic factors, and inherent malignant disorders. Most of the implants/prostheses normally used are cast and have a standard size and shape. Additive manufacturing has opened opportunities to replace these hard tissues with customized implants, prostheses, or the whole additive manufactured organ itself while considering anatomical/structural parts and functional aspects of the body. It helps to visualize and mimic internal organs/models, pre-planning via simulation, anatomical demonstration, treatments, and surgical teaching/training to technical staff by medical professionals. The current review covers additive manufacturing applications for the possible treatment of osteosarcoma, bone tumors, traumatic fracture, congenital anomalies, dental diseases, vertebral and cranial abnormalities, etc. from toe to head highlighting printing of long bones, short bones, cartilages, teeth, and more based on the general classification of bones shape i.e. the external shape and size of different bones with some case studies. The article has also touched upon the additive manufacturing competitive edge over the conventional methods in terms of complexity, easiness, cost-effectiveness, reduced time. However, the internal structures have not been addressed so far in additive manufacturing which could be a new corner to enhance the properties of bones and teeth in the future.
{"title":"Management of Hard Tissue Abnormalities and Digital Orthopaedics Using Additive Manufacturing Techniques","authors":"M. Das, Rukhsar Alam, Monalisa Das, B. Biswal, B. P. Samal, A. Patnaik, S. Panda, P. S. Owuor, Prabir Patra, Chandramani Tiwary","doi":"10.1093/oxfmat/itac009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfmat/itac009","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Additive manufacturing technologies are expected to disrupt the majority of the traditional way of manufacturing methods, particularly in the field of medical and healthcare. Bones and teeth are vital organs that are susceptible to various disorders due to environmental, traumatic, genetic factors, and inherent malignant disorders. Most of the implants/prostheses normally used are cast and have a standard size and shape. Additive manufacturing has opened opportunities to replace these hard tissues with customized implants, prostheses, or the whole additive manufactured organ itself while considering anatomical/structural parts and functional aspects of the body. It helps to visualize and mimic internal organs/models, pre-planning via simulation, anatomical demonstration, treatments, and surgical teaching/training to technical staff by medical professionals. The current review covers additive manufacturing applications for the possible treatment of osteosarcoma, bone tumors, traumatic fracture, congenital anomalies, dental diseases, vertebral and cranial abnormalities, etc. from toe to head highlighting printing of long bones, short bones, cartilages, teeth, and more based on the general classification of bones shape i.e. the external shape and size of different bones with some case studies. The article has also touched upon the additive manufacturing competitive edge over the conventional methods in terms of complexity, easiness, cost-effectiveness, reduced time. However, the internal structures have not been addressed so far in additive manufacturing which could be a new corner to enhance the properties of bones and teeth in the future.","PeriodicalId":74385,"journal":{"name":"Oxford open materials science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46674419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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