Pub Date : 2023-08-24DOI: 10.32907/ro-137-4875155080
Sourav Banerjee
creating a deaf band. The second is where four bands intersect at the Gamma point. The bands are the wave modes that are possible in a material. A metamaterial could be designed to allow a modal flip, so if two materials have opposite spin states, when they are brought together an acoustic topological insulator is created and a wave propagates along the boundary. The latter is called the quantum spin Hall effect.
{"title":"Building acoustic computers with tuneable phononic crystals","authors":"Sourav Banerjee","doi":"10.32907/ro-137-4875155080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32907/ro-137-4875155080","url":null,"abstract":"creating a deaf band. The second is where four bands intersect at the Gamma point. The bands are the wave modes that are possible in a material. A metamaterial could be designed to allow a modal flip, so if two materials have opposite spin states, when they are brought together an acoustic topological insulator is created and a wave propagates along the boundary. The latter is called the quantum spin Hall effect.","PeriodicalId":74685,"journal":{"name":"Research outreach : the outreach quarterly connecting science with society","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85810633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-28DOI: 10.32907/ro-136-4708405706
Junpeng Wang
classes of man-made materials, finding various applications in a wide range of industries, from packaging to piping and plumbing, automobiles, toys, and furniture, to name but a few. Modern plastics are typically synthesised through relatively inexpensive processes starting from fossil fuel-based chemicals, like petroleum oil and natural gas. They form stable, lightweight, durable, and flexible materials, which can be moulded into solid objects of virtually any shape and size.
{"title":"Mechanochemistry A new route to sustainable polymer recycling","authors":"Junpeng Wang","doi":"10.32907/ro-136-4708405706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32907/ro-136-4708405706","url":null,"abstract":"classes of man-made materials, finding various applications in a wide range of industries, from packaging to piping and plumbing, automobiles, toys, and furniture, to name but a few. Modern plastics are typically synthesised through relatively inexpensive processes starting from fossil fuel-based chemicals, like petroleum oil and natural gas. They form stable, lightweight, durable, and flexible materials, which can be moulded into solid objects of virtually any shape and size.","PeriodicalId":74685,"journal":{"name":"Research outreach : the outreach quarterly connecting science with society","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81058178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-28DOI: 10.32907/ro-136-4710684972
S. Shiozawa
Bladder cystitis Pancreatitis (abdominal pain) Systemic general malaise, high fever, anaemia Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease, the precise cause of which is still unclear. Through dedicated work, Professor Shunichi Shiozawa from Kobe University, Japan, uncovers the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of systemic autoimmunity and identifies a novel key player. Shiozawa demonstrates that overstimulation of the host’s immune system by an immunogenic pathogen kickstarts the generation of new T lymphocytes, which induce SLE and could be a future target of SLE cell therapies.
{"title":"Identification of a novel key player in lupus disease opens the door to treatment","authors":"S. Shiozawa","doi":"10.32907/ro-136-4710684972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32907/ro-136-4710684972","url":null,"abstract":"Bladder cystitis Pancreatitis (abdominal pain) Systemic general malaise, high fever, anaemia Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease, the precise cause of which is still unclear. Through dedicated work, Professor Shunichi Shiozawa from Kobe University, Japan, uncovers the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of systemic autoimmunity and identifies a novel key player. Shiozawa demonstrates that overstimulation of the host’s immune system by an immunogenic pathogen kickstarts the generation of new T lymphocytes, which induce SLE and could be a future target of SLE cell therapies.","PeriodicalId":74685,"journal":{"name":"Research outreach : the outreach quarterly connecting science with society","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81178001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-10DOI: 10.32907/ro-136-4779129951
{"title":"From friend to foe: Food strains share their toxic genes in E. coli","authors":"","doi":"10.32907/ro-136-4779129951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32907/ro-136-4779129951","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74685,"journal":{"name":"Research outreach : the outreach quarterly connecting science with society","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75205818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-06DOI: 10.32907/ro-136-4598885693
{"title":"The Leverhulme Trust Funding for the future","authors":"","doi":"10.32907/ro-136-4598885693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32907/ro-136-4598885693","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74685,"journal":{"name":"Research outreach : the outreach quarterly connecting science with society","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73599314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.32907/ro-136-4733216040
{"title":"Recycling refinery final molasses with ionic membranes","authors":"","doi":"10.32907/ro-136-4733216040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32907/ro-136-4733216040","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74685,"journal":{"name":"Research outreach : the outreach quarterly connecting science with society","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90404627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.32907/ro-136-4733216896
{"title":"Screening frailty A predictor of healthcare requirements in older people","authors":"","doi":"10.32907/ro-136-4733216896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32907/ro-136-4733216896","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74685,"journal":{"name":"Research outreach : the outreach quarterly connecting science with society","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75626436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.32907/ro-136-4732893424
{"title":"Ending the debate Routine or selective cholangiography during gallstone surgery?","authors":"","doi":"10.32907/ro-136-4732893424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32907/ro-136-4732893424","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74685,"journal":{"name":"Research outreach : the outreach quarterly connecting science with society","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87977572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.32907/ro-136-4705882380
Paul A Hyslop, Michael O Chaney
BRAIN HEALTH AND ENERGY SUPPLY To guarantee a continuous supply of energy to neurones and the removal of dangerous chemical waste, the human body has evolved complex networks of hugely cooperative mechanisms. Specialised non-nerve cells, known as glial cells, constantly interact with the surface of the neurone. They provide nutrients, remove waste and toxins, and regulate the chemical environment of the brain. When any of these functions fail to support neurone activity, their structural integrity is compromised and ability to communicate with each other reduced. This can lead to neuronal death, and reduction in the overall connectivity between neurones, as most neurones in the brain cannot regenerate.
{"title":"How oxidative stress contributes to neurodegenerative diseases","authors":"Paul A Hyslop, Michael O Chaney","doi":"10.32907/ro-136-4705882380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32907/ro-136-4705882380","url":null,"abstract":"BRAIN HEALTH AND ENERGY SUPPLY To guarantee a continuous supply of energy to neurones and the removal of dangerous chemical waste, the human body has evolved complex networks of hugely cooperative mechanisms. Specialised non-nerve cells, known as glial cells, constantly interact with the surface of the neurone. They provide nutrients, remove waste and toxins, and regulate the chemical environment of the brain. When any of these functions fail to support neurone activity, their structural integrity is compromised and ability to communicate with each other reduced. This can lead to neuronal death, and reduction in the overall connectivity between neurones, as most neurones in the brain cannot regenerate.","PeriodicalId":74685,"journal":{"name":"Research outreach : the outreach quarterly connecting science with society","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89031799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.32907/ro-136-4708405538
Recent technological advances are making it possible to quickly breed bountiful and desirable crops. Dr Martin Kottackal and colleagues at the Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (KCGEB) are making strides in this area. A leading institute in the United Arab Emirates, the KCGEB is under The Presidential Court and In an uncut eggplant, the PPO enzyme and polyphenols do not interact, and the fruit remains white on the inside. But when the fruit is cut or damaged, cell compartments are disrupted and release the polyphenols and PPO, which then undergo oxidation. Enzymatic browning can also increase when the fruit has been physically damaged, for example, during harvest and transportation, resulting in food wastage. Plant breeders have therefore aimed to produce eggplants that do not undergo enzymatic browning.
{"title":"Cut of the crop High-yields of non-browning eggplant via genome editing","authors":"","doi":"10.32907/ro-136-4708405538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32907/ro-136-4708405538","url":null,"abstract":"Recent technological advances are making it possible to quickly breed bountiful and desirable crops. Dr Martin Kottackal and colleagues at the Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (KCGEB) are making strides in this area. A leading institute in the United Arab Emirates, the KCGEB is under The Presidential Court and In an uncut eggplant, the PPO enzyme and polyphenols do not interact, and the fruit remains white on the inside. But when the fruit is cut or damaged, cell compartments are disrupted and release the polyphenols and PPO, which then undergo oxidation. Enzymatic browning can also increase when the fruit has been physically damaged, for example, during harvest and transportation, resulting in food wastage. Plant breeders have therefore aimed to produce eggplants that do not undergo enzymatic browning.","PeriodicalId":74685,"journal":{"name":"Research outreach : the outreach quarterly connecting science with society","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85106759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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