Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rcpeng.2023.01.002
Joaquín O. Ruiz-Villa , Sergio A. Ochoa-Orozco , Andrés Gaviria-Mendoza , Juan D. Castrillón-Spitia , Luis F. Echeverri-Cataño , Jorge E. Machado-Alba
Objective
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety symptoms in a Colombian HCW sample during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was carried out by means of an online survey (May–June 2020). Respondents were HCWs in Colombia reached by a nonprobability sample. Zung's self-rating anxiety scale allowed the estimation of prevalence and classification of anxiety symptoms.
Results
A total of 568 HCWs answered the questionnaire, 66.0% were women, the mean age was 38.6 ± 11.4 years. 28.9% presented with anxiety symptoms, of whom 9.2% were moderate–severe. Characteristics such as living with relatives at higher risk of mortality from COVID-19 infection (OR: 1.90; 95% CI: 1.308–2.762), female sex (OR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.422–3.277), and personal history of psychiatric illness (OR: 3.41; 95% CI: 2.08–5.57) were associated with higher levels of anxiety. Access to sufficient personal protective equipment (OR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.318–0.903) and age >40 years (OR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.358–0.789) were associated with lower anxiety levels.
Conclusions
Anxious symptoms are common in the population of HCWs faced with patient care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Different strategies are required to intervene with subgroups at risk of developing higher levels of anxiety during the pandemic.
{"title":"Prevalence of Anxiety Symptoms Among Health Care Workers in Colombia During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Joaquín O. Ruiz-Villa , Sergio A. Ochoa-Orozco , Andrés Gaviria-Mendoza , Juan D. Castrillón-Spitia , Luis F. Echeverri-Cataño , Jorge E. Machado-Alba","doi":"10.1016/j.rcpeng.2023.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcpeng.2023.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety symptoms in a Colombian HCW sample during the COVID-19 pandemic.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was carried out by means of an online survey (May–June 2020). Respondents were HCWs in Colombia reached by a nonprobability sample. Zung's self-rating anxiety scale allowed the estimation of prevalence and classification of anxiety symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 568 HCWs answered the questionnaire, 66.0% were women, the mean age was 38.6<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->11.4 years. 28.9% presented with anxiety symptoms, of whom 9.2% were moderate–severe. Characteristics such as living with relatives at higher risk of mortality from COVID-19 infection (OR: 1.90; 95% CI: 1.308–2.762), female sex (OR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.422–3.277), and personal history of psychiatric illness (OR: 3.41; 95% CI: 2.08–5.57) were associated with higher levels of anxiety. Access to sufficient personal protective equipment (OR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.318–0.903) and age >40 years (OR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.358–0.789) were associated with lower anxiety levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Anxious symptoms are common in the population of HCWs faced with patient care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Different strategies are required to intervene with subgroups at risk of developing higher levels of anxiety during the pandemic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74702,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de psiquiatria (English ed.)","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 302-309"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142634355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rcpeng.2024.10.005
Habib Georges Moutran Barroso
Introduction
Dementias constitute a group of diseases that notoriously affect people who suffer from them, especially in terms of their independence and decision-making, leading the caregiver to assume or make various decisions about the patient. However, in the past this was explained by the fact that there was a theoretical and narrative insufficiency around patients with dementia, which led us to ignore that they still conserved their decision-making capacity as well as their autonomy.
Objective
This text proposes to defend the existence of autonomy in these patients and a way about how we can take care of it and preserve it in the medical field, through an ethical position based on the care and recognition of vulnerability.
Methodology
An approach focused on the ethics of care and vulnerability by Ronald Dworkin, Emmanuel Levinas and Corine Pelluchon focused on the person with dementia. I introduced a scale that allows assessing autonomy and decision-making in people with dementia.
Results and discussion
To guarantee the dignity of the person with dementia, it is necessary to understand how they are autonomous, in terms of self-governance and seeking to reduce asymmetries in relationships. In addition, always include caregivers and family members in decision-making.
Conclusions
People with dementia are autonomous in an individual or personal sense and deserve respect; Although they are in a state of vulnerability, there are different mechanisms focused on their care.
{"title":"Dilemmas and ethics of care: conserving and caring for the autonomy of the person with dementia","authors":"Habib Georges Moutran Barroso","doi":"10.1016/j.rcpeng.2024.10.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcpeng.2024.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Dementias constitute a group of diseases that notoriously affect people who suffer from them, especially in terms of their independence and decision-making, leading the caregiver to assume or make various decisions about the patient. However, in the past this was explained by the fact that there was a theoretical and narrative insufficiency around patients with dementia, which led us to ignore that they still conserved their decision-making capacity as well as their autonomy.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This text proposes to defend the existence of autonomy in these patients and a way about how we can take care of it and preserve it in the medical field, through an ethical position based on the care and recognition of vulnerability.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>An approach focused on the ethics of care and vulnerability by Ronald Dworkin, Emmanuel Levinas and Corine Pelluchon focused on the person with dementia. I introduced a scale that allows assessing autonomy and decision-making in people with dementia.</div></div><div><h3>Results and discussion</h3><div>To guarantee the dignity of the person with dementia, it is necessary to understand how they are autonomous, in terms of self-governance and seeking to reduce asymmetries in relationships. In addition, always include caregivers and family members in decision-making.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>People with dementia are autonomous in an individual or personal sense and deserve respect; Although they are in a state of vulnerability, there are different mechanisms focused on their care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74702,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de psiquiatria (English ed.)","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 295-301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rcpeng.2022.05.001
Mauricio Castaño Ramírez , Rocío Lemos Buitrago , Juan Carlos Castro Navarro , Adonilso Julio de La Rosa , Alexandra Valderrama Sánchez , Felipe Agúdelo Hernández
Patients with bipolar disorder type I (BP-I) often present with impairments in cognitive function. Offspring unaffected by the disorder can also present with cognitive dysfunction. The objective of this study was to compare the cognitive function of BP-I patients, their unaffected offspring (UO) and healthy control subjects (HC).
Methods
Verbal memory, working memory index, processing speed, attention, verbal and phonological fluency and executive function were evaluated through the application of a neuropsychological battery to three groups made up of BP-I patients that attended the Bipolar Disorder Outpatient Clinic of Clínica San Juan de Dios de Manizales [San Juan de Dios de Manizales Clinic] (n = 30), UO (n = 32) and control group (n = 31). The UO group and the control group were matched by gender, age and level of education.
Results
Major differences between the three groups were found in the measures of cognitive functions (except in semantic fluency). The HC group showed better cognitive performance in all the functions. Post-hoc analysis showed similar results in the cognitive performance between BP-I and UO except in verbal learning and executive function tasks where the results were better in UO. A better performance in the control group was found, compared to the UO group, in executive function, attention, working memory, and semantic fluency and phonological areas.
Conclusions
These results indicate that the offspring of patients with BP-I present with cognitive impairments without suffering from the disorder. This suggests that cognitive dysfunction presents without diagnosis and supports the hypothesis that it can correspond to a BP-I endophenotype.
躁郁症 I 型（BP-I）患者通常会出现认知功能障碍。未受躁狂症影响的后代也可能出现认知功能障碍。本研究旨在比较 I 型双相情感障碍患者及其未受影响的后代（UO）和健康对照组（HC）的认知功能：方法：在马尼萨莱斯圣胡安-德迪奥斯诊所（Clínica San Juan de Dios de Manizales Clinic）躁郁症门诊就诊的躁郁症Ⅰ型患者（30 人）、躁郁症患者后代（32 人）和对照组（31 人）组成的三个小组中，通过应用神经心理学电池对言语记忆、工作记忆指数、处理速度、注意力、言语和语音流畅性以及执行功能进行了评估。UO 组和对照组在性别、年龄和教育水平方面匹配：结果：三组患者在认知功能（语义流畅性除外）方面存在较大差异。HC 组在所有功能上的认知表现都更好。事后分析表明，BP-I 组和 UO 组的认知表现结果相似，但在言语学习和执行功能任务中，UO 组的结果更好。与 UO 组相比，对照组在执行功能、注意力、工作记忆、语义流畅性和语音方面的表现更好：这些结果表明，BP-Ⅰ 患者的后代存在认知障碍，但并没有患上该疾病。结论：这些结果表明，BP-I 患者的后代会出现认知功能障碍，但并没有患上该疾病。这表明，认知功能障碍是在没有确诊的情况下出现的，并支持其可能与 BP-I 内表型相对应的假设。
{"title":"Assessment of Cognitive Performance in Bipolar Disorder Type I Patients and Their Unaffected Offspring","authors":"Mauricio Castaño Ramírez , Rocío Lemos Buitrago , Juan Carlos Castro Navarro , Adonilso Julio de La Rosa , Alexandra Valderrama Sánchez , Felipe Agúdelo Hernández","doi":"10.1016/j.rcpeng.2022.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcpeng.2022.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Patients with bipolar disorder type I (BP-I) often present with impairments in cognitive function. Offspring unaffected by the disorder can also present with cognitive dysfunction. The objective of this study was to compare the cognitive function of BP-I patients, their unaffected offspring (UO) and healthy control subjects (HC).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Verbal memory, working memory index, processing speed, attention, verbal and phonological fluency and executive function were evaluated through the application of a neuropsychological battery to three groups made up of BP-I patients that attended the Bipolar Disorder Outpatient Clinic of Clínica San Juan de Dios de Manizales [San Juan de Dios de Manizales Clinic] (n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->30), UO (n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->32) and control group (n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->31). The UO group and the control group were matched by gender, age and level of education.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Major differences between the three groups were found in the measures of cognitive functions (except in semantic fluency). The HC group showed better cognitive performance in all the functions. Post-hoc analysis showed similar results in the cognitive performance between BP-I and UO except in verbal learning and executive function tasks where the results were better in UO. A better performance in the control group was found, compared to the UO group, in executive function, attention, working memory, and semantic fluency and phonological areas.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These results indicate that the offspring of patients with BP-I present with cognitive impairments without suffering from the disorder. This suggests that cognitive dysfunction presents without diagnosis and supports the hypothesis that it can correspond to a BP-I endophenotype.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74702,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de psiquiatria (English ed.)","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 271-277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142634341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Do we form mental models which bear an analogical relation to the real world like those of a photograph? Has the language of thought an analogue nature (it makes use of mental imagery) or whether it is exclusively of digital nature like language?
Objectives
The basic aim of the present study is to contribute to the ongoing work on mental imagery by extending the research to an unexplored area that of mental partitioning.
Methods
The present research sample consisted of 498 participants (234 males and 264 females). We used the SPSS software package in order to analyze our data.
Results
According to our results, we detected significant peculiarities in the cognitive performance of the participants in the tasks of mental partitioning of the Moebius strip, indicating certain limitations inherent in human thinking.
Conclusions
The position we are led to adopt is closer to that of Pylyshyn (2003), who maintained that visual mental imagery depends on abstract form of thought and on previous knowledge. Specifically, it rests on previous abstract propositional thought and knowledge rather than on concrete perceptual processes like the ones proposed by Kosslyn and Sheppard. The present work investigates a potentially valuable theoretical basis in imagery research for understanding maladaptive imagery across various related clinical disorders, while encouraging multidisciplinary approaches among cognitive psychological/neuroscientific and clinical domains.
{"title":"Mental Imagery: Investigating the Limits of Mental Partitioning","authors":"Antonios Theofilidis , Maria-Valeria Karakasi , Filippos Kargopoulos","doi":"10.1016/j.rcpeng.2024.10.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcpeng.2024.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Do we form mental models which bear an analogical relation to the real world like those of a photograph? Has the language of thought an analogue nature (it makes use of mental imagery) or whether it is exclusively of digital nature like language?</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The basic aim of the present study is to contribute to the ongoing work on mental imagery by extending the research to an unexplored area that of mental partitioning.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The present research sample consisted of 498 participants (234 males and 264 females). We used the SPSS software package in order to analyze our data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>According to our results, we detected significant peculiarities in the cognitive performance of the participants in the tasks of mental partitioning of the Moebius strip, indicating certain limitations inherent in human thinking.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The position we are led to adopt is closer to that of Pylyshyn (2003), who maintained that visual mental imagery depends on abstract form of thought and on previous knowledge. Specifically, it rests on previous abstract propositional thought and knowledge rather than on concrete perceptual processes like the ones proposed by Kosslyn and Sheppard. The present work investigates a potentially valuable theoretical basis in imagery research for understanding maladaptive imagery across various related clinical disorders, while encouraging multidisciplinary approaches among cognitive psychological/neuroscientific and clinical domains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74702,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de psiquiatria (English ed.)","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 219-228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142634352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rcpeng.2023.01.001
Fahmida Ferdous , Dionéia Motta Monte-Serrat , Shahryar Nabi , MdFaruq Alam , Jinat Imtiaz Ali , Syed Shahrier Rahman
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy after perinatal asphyxia causes neurolinguistic disturbances in children without disabilities. Poor academic performance appears as a long-term result. Language intervention is sought to reduce harmful effects on children. The aim of this study is showing the relationship between clinical conditions of hypoxic-ischemic-encephalopathy (HIE) and language disorders in children without disabilities. This cross-sectional study with a neurolinguistic approach was carried out in patients with perinatal asphyxia during childbirth, at the ZH Sikder Women's Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh. Respondents between 4 and 12 years, 76% underwent cranial computed tomography (CT); 82% underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); and 70% underwent electroencephalogram (EEG). Among them were found positive results for neonatal hypoxia ischemic encephalopathy (EHI). These results are related to the following language disorders: reception/perception disorder (64%), sociolinguistic disorders (84%); metalinguistic competence disorder (66%); 86% of children had poor peer relationships and 72% had reading and writing disorders. Concluding, school-age children after perinatal asphyxia who developed Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) had language disorders and poor school performance. There are still challenges to be overcome, as this is the first neurolinguistic approach in Bangladesh. More large-scale studies are needed.
{"title":"Language Disorders Among Non-Disabled Children After Perinatal Asphyxia: A Cross Sectional Descriptive Study Using Neurolinguistic Approach","authors":"Fahmida Ferdous , Dionéia Motta Monte-Serrat , Shahryar Nabi , MdFaruq Alam , Jinat Imtiaz Ali , Syed Shahrier Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.rcpeng.2023.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcpeng.2023.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy after perinatal asphyxia causes neurolinguistic disturbances in children without disabilities. Poor academic performance appears as a long-term result. Language intervention is sought to reduce harmful effects on children. The aim of this study is showing the relationship between clinical conditions of hypoxic-ischemic-encephalopathy (HIE) and language disorders in children without disabilities. This cross-sectional study with a neurolinguistic approach was carried out in patients with perinatal asphyxia during childbirth, at the ZH Sikder Women's Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh. Respondents between 4 and 12 years, 76% underwent cranial computed tomography (CT); 82% underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); and 70% underwent electroencephalogram (EEG). Among them were found positive results for neonatal hypoxia ischemic encephalopathy (EHI). These results are related to the following language disorders: reception/perception disorder (64%), sociolinguistic disorders (84%); metalinguistic competence disorder (66%); 86% of children had poor peer relationships and 72% had reading and writing disorders. Concluding, school-age children after perinatal asphyxia who developed Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) had language disorders and poor school performance. There are still challenges to be overcome, as this is the first neurolinguistic approach in Bangladesh. More large-scale studies are needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74702,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de psiquiatria (English ed.)","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 238-245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142634350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rcpeng.2024.10.003
Célia Regina Moreira E Silva , Ana Paula Pinheiro de Almeida , Lucas Pequeno Galvão , Henrique Soares Paiva , Mariana Vendramini Butinhon , Cintia De Azevedo Marques Périco , Julio Torales , Antonio Ventriglio , João M. Castaldelli-Maia , Anderson Sousa Martins Silva
Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the main issues faced by general practitioners when managing mental health disorders in the primary care setting and evaluate their interest in continued medical training on mental health.
Methods
We carried out a cross-sectional survey which included general practitioners (n=94) working in primary care in São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil.
Results
Participants reported challenging issues to be as follows: psychiatric emergency (44.7%), alcohol and drug use disorders (35.1%), psychopharmacology (29.9%), and suicide risk assessment (27.6%). About a third of the sample reported a lack of knowledge on criteria regarding referral to psychiatric services. Almost the entire sample reported the need for better interaction between general practitioners and psychiatrists and interest in continued medical training.
Conclusions
Our findings support the evidence that a network between general practitioners and psychiatrists is needed as well as the improvement of continued medical training on mental health.
{"title":"Issues Faced by General Practitioners in Managing Mental Health Disorders in Basic Health Units: a Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Célia Regina Moreira E Silva , Ana Paula Pinheiro de Almeida , Lucas Pequeno Galvão , Henrique Soares Paiva , Mariana Vendramini Butinhon , Cintia De Azevedo Marques Périco , Julio Torales , Antonio Ventriglio , João M. Castaldelli-Maia , Anderson Sousa Martins Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.rcpeng.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcpeng.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the main issues faced by general practitioners when managing mental health disorders in the primary care setting and evaluate their interest in continued medical training on mental health.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We carried out a cross-sectional survey which included general practitioners (n=94) working in primary care in São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants reported challenging issues to be as follows: psychiatric emergency (44.7%), alcohol and drug use disorders (35.1%), psychopharmacology (29.9%), and suicide risk assessment (27.6%). About a third of the sample reported a lack of knowledge on criteria regarding referral to psychiatric services. Almost the entire sample reported the need for better interaction between general practitioners and psychiatrists and interest in continued medical training.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings support the evidence that a network between general practitioners and psychiatrists is needed as well as the improvement of continued medical training on mental health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74702,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de psiquiatria (English ed.)","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 278-283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142634345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rcpeng.2024.10.001
Daniel Ricardo Zaraza-Morales , Camilo Duque-Ortiz , Hellen Lucia Castañeda-Palacio , Liliana María Hinestrosa Montoya , Maria Isabel Chica Chica , Lina Marcela Hernández Sánchez
Introduction
The objective of this study was to explore the approach to patients with psychiatric symptoms by nursing professionals in general hospitalisation units in the city of Medellín, Colombia.
Methods
A qualitative study with the method of interpretive phenomenology. 11 nursing professionals from general hospitalisation units in the city of Medellín, Colombia participated. The information analysis was processed according to the Phenomenological Interpretive Analysis method and with the support of the NVIVO Plus 12 software.
Results
The nurses’ experience is described through three themes: representations of the patient with psychiatric symptoms, the patient as aggressive, violent and unpredictable; feeling fearful while providing care, caring for others in the midst of prevention, fear and stress, and being in a chaotic situation, a circumstance that gets out of control and alters the dynamics of the hospitalisation unit.
Conclusions
Caring for patients with psychiatric symptoms is stressful, especially when nursing professionals perceive a lack of support from other colleagues and from the hospital administration. The above favours the development of alterations in the professional's physical and mental health.
引言本研究的目的是探讨哥伦比亚麦德林市综合住院部的护理专业人员如何对待有精神症状的病人：方法：采用解释现象学方法进行定性研究。11 名来自哥伦比亚麦德林市综合住院部的护理专业人员参与了研究。在 NVIVO Plus 12 软件的支持下，按照现象学解释分析方法进行了信息分析：结果：护士们的经历通过三个主题进行了描述：对有精神症状的病人的描述，病人具有攻击性、暴力性和不可预测性；在提供护理时感到恐惧，在预防、恐惧和压力中照顾他人，以及处于混乱状态，一种失控的情况，改变了住院部的动态：护理有精神症状的病人压力很大，尤其是当护理专业人员认为缺乏来自其他同事和医院管理部门的支持时。上述情况会导致专业人员的身心健康发生变化。
{"title":"The care of patients with psychiatric symptoms in general hospitalisation units: A phenomenological study","authors":"Daniel Ricardo Zaraza-Morales , Camilo Duque-Ortiz , Hellen Lucia Castañeda-Palacio , Liliana María Hinestrosa Montoya , Maria Isabel Chica Chica , Lina Marcela Hernández Sánchez","doi":"10.1016/j.rcpeng.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcpeng.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The objective of this study was to explore the approach to patients with psychiatric symptoms by nursing professionals in general hospitalisation units in the city of Medellín, Colombia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A qualitative study with the method of interpretive phenomenology. 11 nursing professionals from general hospitalisation units in the city of Medellín, Colombia participated. The information analysis was processed according to the Phenomenological Interpretive Analysis method and with the support of the NVIVO Plus 12 software.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The nurses’ experience is described through three themes: representations of the patient with psychiatric symptoms, the patient as aggressive, violent and unpredictable; feeling fearful while providing care, caring for others in the midst of prevention, fear and stress, and being in a chaotic situation, a circumstance that gets out of control and alters the dynamics of the hospitalisation unit.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Caring for patients with psychiatric symptoms is stressful, especially when nursing professionals perceive a lack of support from other colleagues and from the hospital administration. The above favours the development of alterations in the professional's physical and mental health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74702,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de psiquiatria (English ed.)","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 318-326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rcpeng.2022.03.004
Diana Marcela Pulzara Velasco, Laura Ospina-Pinillos
<div><h3>Introduction and objectives</h3><p>Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are medications used in child and adolescent psychiatry mainly for the treatment of depression, anxiety and obsessive compulsive disorder. In general, these medications are safe and well tolerated. However, they can cause adverse effects such as activation syndrome, which if not identified can negatively affect adherence and response to treatment. Activation syndrome has received little attention and can be difficult to recognise due to the lack of a clear definition and objective diagnostic measures, and also because it can be confused with a worsening of the psychiatric disorder or mania triggered by the antidepressants. For all the above, it is important that professionals who prescribe antidepressants in the paediatric population are able to identify and manage activation syndrome when it occurs. Our aim was to carry out a narrative review of activation syndrome in children and adolescents treated with SSRIs in terms of definition, prevalence, pathophysiology, associated factors, relationship with suicide risk, management strategies and recommendations for reducing the risk of suicidal behaviours when using antidepressants in this population.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We performed a non-systematic narrative review of activation syndrome in children and adolescents which involved finding information in PubMed, Ovid, EBSCO, ProQuest and Embase. Review articles, prospective and retrospective investigations, systematic reviews, meta-analyses and other articles related to activation syndrome in children and adolescents were selected. The search was limited to studies published in English and Spanish that involved children and adolescents and no limits were applied to the publication date or study design.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 62 articles were included, 61 of them in English. The results were grouped into the following topics: definition; prevalence; pathophysiology; associated factors; relationship with suicide risk; management strategies; and recommendations for reducing the risk of suicidal behaviours when using antidepressants in this population. Activation syndrome refers to a set of symptoms consisting of impulsiveness, restlessness, increased activity, insomnia, irritability, disinhibition and agitation. This syndrome is poorly characterised in terms of its definition, prevalence, risk factors and pathophysiology, a situation that limits its recognition and evaluation. There are many factors that predispose the development of the syndrome such as age, differences in brain development in the paediatric population, the characteristics of the patient or the antidepressant, disorders of neurological development, and the doses and plasma levels of the medications. It has been thought that activation syndrome may be related to suicidal tendencies. However, the evidence in support of this link is inconsistent and further studies
{"title":"Activation syndrome in children and adolescents treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors","authors":"Diana Marcela Pulzara Velasco, Laura Ospina-Pinillos","doi":"10.1016/j.rcpeng.2022.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcpeng.2022.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and objectives</h3><p>Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are medications used in child and adolescent psychiatry mainly for the treatment of depression, anxiety and obsessive compulsive disorder. In general, these medications are safe and well tolerated. However, they can cause adverse effects such as activation syndrome, which if not identified can negatively affect adherence and response to treatment. Activation syndrome has received little attention and can be difficult to recognise due to the lack of a clear definition and objective diagnostic measures, and also because it can be confused with a worsening of the psychiatric disorder or mania triggered by the antidepressants. For all the above, it is important that professionals who prescribe antidepressants in the paediatric population are able to identify and manage activation syndrome when it occurs. Our aim was to carry out a narrative review of activation syndrome in children and adolescents treated with SSRIs in terms of definition, prevalence, pathophysiology, associated factors, relationship with suicide risk, management strategies and recommendations for reducing the risk of suicidal behaviours when using antidepressants in this population.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We performed a non-systematic narrative review of activation syndrome in children and adolescents which involved finding information in PubMed, Ovid, EBSCO, ProQuest and Embase. Review articles, prospective and retrospective investigations, systematic reviews, meta-analyses and other articles related to activation syndrome in children and adolescents were selected. The search was limited to studies published in English and Spanish that involved children and adolescents and no limits were applied to the publication date or study design.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 62 articles were included, 61 of them in English. The results were grouped into the following topics: definition; prevalence; pathophysiology; associated factors; relationship with suicide risk; management strategies; and recommendations for reducing the risk of suicidal behaviours when using antidepressants in this population. Activation syndrome refers to a set of symptoms consisting of impulsiveness, restlessness, increased activity, insomnia, irritability, disinhibition and agitation. This syndrome is poorly characterised in terms of its definition, prevalence, risk factors and pathophysiology, a situation that limits its recognition and evaluation. There are many factors that predispose the development of the syndrome such as age, differences in brain development in the paediatric population, the characteristics of the patient or the antidepressant, disorders of neurological development, and the doses and plasma levels of the medications. It has been thought that activation syndrome may be related to suicidal tendencies. However, the evidence in support of this link is inconsistent and further studies ","PeriodicalId":74702,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de psiquiatria (English ed.)","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 184-191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141918285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rcpeng.2022.03.003
María Teresa Rosique Sanz , Laura Broco Villahoz , Rebeca Domínguez Alhambra , Cristina Fernández Carpio , Carmen Aldara Carrajo García , Cristina Polo Usaola
Introduction
Different parameters of suicide attempts treated since the implementation of the Attention to Suicide Risk Program (ARSUIC) in 2012 at the Hospital Ramón y Cajal in Madrid Region are described in this paper.
Method
The sample was composed of 107 patients and the information was collected through a questionnaire created ad hoc with the following variables: type of suicidal ideation; drug use immediately prior to the attempt; method (in case of drug overdosing: drug/s used); location; accessibility to rescue; planning; intentionality; criticism; and brakes.
Results
Descriptive statistics were obtained and a comparison by gender was made through the χ2 and contingency coefficients tests. The data from the retrospective longitudinal study showed that the most common profile was of patients with unstructured ideas of death and no previous drug use who took an unplanned drug overdose in the family home, with the intention of self-harm or avoidance of discomfort, especially with benzodiazepines. Patients tend to ask for help afterwards and criticise the attempt, but potential restraints are often not recorded in the clinical report. Regarding the dissimilarities based on gender, statistically significant differences were found in prior alcohol consumption, in favour of men and in the overdose method, specifically with benzodiazepines, in favour of women.
Conclusions
Knowing the types of attempts at self-harm is essential for improving prevention, understanding and patient management.
{"title":"Proximal characteristics of suicide attempts: a study in a public hospital in Spain","authors":"María Teresa Rosique Sanz , Laura Broco Villahoz , Rebeca Domínguez Alhambra , Cristina Fernández Carpio , Carmen Aldara Carrajo García , Cristina Polo Usaola","doi":"10.1016/j.rcpeng.2022.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcpeng.2022.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Different parameters of suicide attempts treated since the implementation of the Attention to Suicide Risk Program (ARSUIC) in 2012 at the Hospital Ramón y Cajal in Madrid Region are described in this paper.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>The sample was composed of 107 patients and the information was collected through a questionnaire created <em>ad hoc</em> with the following variables: type of suicidal ideation; drug use immediately prior to the attempt; method (in case of drug overdosing: drug/s used); location; accessibility to rescue; planning; intentionality; criticism; and brakes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Descriptive statistics were obtained and a comparison by gender was made through the χ<sup>2</sup> and contingency coefficients tests. The data from the retrospective longitudinal study showed that the most common profile was of patients with unstructured ideas of death and no previous drug use who took an unplanned drug overdose in the family home, with the intention of self-harm or avoidance of discomfort, especially with benzodiazepines. Patients tend to ask for help afterwards and criticise the attempt, but potential restraints are often not recorded in the clinical report. Regarding the dissimilarities based on gender, statistically significant differences were found in prior alcohol consumption, in favour of men and in the overdose method, specifically with benzodiazepines, in favour of women.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Knowing the types of attempts at self-harm is essential for improving prevention, understanding and patient management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74702,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de psiquiatria (English ed.)","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 158-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141918288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rcpeng.2024.07.004
Hernando Santamaría-García
{"title":"Exposoma y biología en tiempos de geopsiquiatría","authors":"Hernando Santamaría-García","doi":"10.1016/j.rcpeng.2024.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcpeng.2024.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74702,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de psiquiatria (English ed.)","volume":"53 2","pages":"Page 114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142076031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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