Revista de gastroenterologia de Mexico (English)最新文献

英文中文

Factors associated with management and negative outcomes of esophageal perforation 与食管穿孔的处理和不良后果相关的因素。

Revista de gastroenterologia de Mexico (English)

Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmxen.2023.05.012

J.A. Castrillón-Lozano , J.S. Arturo-Abadía , J.J. Acosta-Velásquez

引用次数: 0

Endoscopic closure of an esophagobronchial fistula after per oral endoscopic myotomy through the combination of endoscopic submucosal dissection and hemoclips 通过内镜粘膜下剥离术和血夹的结合，在口腔内镜肌切开术后用内镜关闭食管支气管瘘。

Revista de gastroenterologia de Mexico (English)

Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmxen.2023.10.002

O.V. Hernández Mondragón, J.G. Ferral Mejía

引用次数: 0

Comments on the article: «Indocyanine green fluorescence angiography in colorectal surgery: A retrospective case-control analysis in Mexico» 对文章的评论："吲哚菁绿荧光血管造影在结直肠手术中的应用：墨西哥的回顾性病例对照分析"。

Revista de gastroenterologia de Mexico (English)

Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmxen.2023.07.006

G. Claudio-Pombosa, I. Sisa

引用次数: 0

Metabolic disorders across the body mass index spectrum in a Colombian population with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease 哥伦比亚非酒精性脂肪肝患者身体质量指数谱中的代谢紊乱

Revista de gastroenterologia de Mexico (English)

Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmxen.2023.04.001

C.E. Builes-Montaño , E. Pérez-Giraldo , S. Castro-Sánchez , N.A. Rojas-Henao , O.M. Santos-Sánchez , J.C. Restrepo-Gutiérrez

Background and aims

The relationship between obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has long been established, and the prevalence of both conditions has grown together. Recent interest in NAFLD in nonobese individuals has led to an increasing number of studies, especially in Asia. Despite the fact that the prevalence of NAFLD in Latin America is one of the highest in the world, there is a lack of information on lean NAFLD populations from the region. The aim of the present study was to assess the risk of metabolic comorbidities across the whole body mass index spectrum when nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) was first diagnosed in a Latin American population.

Methods

A single-center, cross-sectional study on Colombian patients newly diagnosed with NAFLD, within the time frame of 2010–2020, compared their metabolic biochemical profile, liver enzymes, risk of prevalent metabolic abnormalities, and liver disease.

Results

Data from 300 patients were collected. Ninety-two percent of the patients were men and the median patient age was 47 (IQR 20) years. We found no significant differences in the biochemical, metabolic profile, or liver enzyme plasma concentration between lean, overweight, and obese individuals. Obese patients had significantly higher LDL cholesterol, and a higher risk of dyslipidemia (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.14–3.05). Every 1 kg increase in body weight increased the risk of having NASH by 2% (95% CI 2–4).

Conclusions

We evaluated the metabolic risk across the entire body mass index spectrum in a Colombian cohort with NAFLD and presented the characteristics of what we believe is the first Latin American lean NAFLD population to be described.

背景和目的肥胖与非酒精性脂肪肝（NAFLD）之间的关系早已确立，这两种疾病的发病率也在同时增长。近年来，人们对非肥胖人群的非酒精性脂肪肝的研究越来越多，尤其是在亚洲。尽管非酒精性脂肪肝在拉丁美洲的发病率位居世界前列，但该地区却缺乏有关非酒精性脂肪肝瘦弱人群的资料。本研究旨在评估拉丁美洲人群首次诊断出非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）时，在整个体重指数范围内发生代谢合并症的风险。结果收集了 300 名患者的数据。92%的患者为男性，患者年龄中位数为 47 岁（IQR 20）。我们发现，瘦人、超重人和肥胖人的生化指标、代谢特征或肝酶血浆浓度没有明显差异。肥胖患者的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇明显更高，血脂异常的风险也更高（OR 1.86，95% CI 1.14-3.05）。结论我们评估了哥伦比亚非酒精性脂肪肝患者队列中整个体重指数范围内的代谢风险，并介绍了我们认为是拉丁美洲第一个被描述的瘦非酒精性脂肪肝人群的特征。

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引用次数: 0

Clinical features and bleeding risk factors of angiodysplasia lesions in a Tunisian population 突尼斯人群血管发育不良病变的临床特征和出血危险因素。

Revista de gastroenterologia de Mexico (English)

Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmxen.2023.03.002

S. Nasr, A. Khsiba, L. Hamzaoui, M. Mahmoudi, A. Ben-Mohamed, M. Yaakoubi, M. Medhioub, M. Azzouz

Introduction

Gastrointestinal angiodysplasia (GIAD) is the most common vascular anomaly in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, yet little is known about the factors favoring their bleeding. Our study aim was to determine the characteristics of patients with GIAD lesions in a Tunisian population and identify the risk factors of bleeding.

Patients and methods

A retrospective study was carried out from January 2010 to February 2020 at a tertiary care medical center in Tunisia. Clinical and endoscopic data were collected from each patient’s medical reports. We divided the patients into two groups: group A, patients with symptomatic GIAD; and group B, patients with incidental lesions. Group A was subsequently divided into two subgroups, according to the presence or absence of recurrent bleeding. The groups were compared by clinical, laboratory, and endoscopic features.

Results

GIAD was diagnosed in 114 patients, with a mean age of 70 ± 13.3 years. GIAD lesions were mainly located in the colon (n = 72, 63%). Fifty-four patients (47%) presented with GIAD-related bleeding. The bleeding diagnosis was made during endoscopic procedures by visualizing active bleeding and the stigmata of recent hemorrhage in 10 (18.5%) and 12 (22.2%) cases, respectively. Most of the patients were treated by argon plasma coagulation (93%). Predictive factors of bleeding were age > 75 years, number of lesions >10, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, and coronary artery disease (p: 0.008; 0.002; 0.016; 0.048; and 0.039, respectively).

Conclusion

Knowledge of the predictive factors of bleeding aids endoscopists in the decision-making process in cases of angiodysplasia.

导言胃肠道血管增生症（GIAD）是胃肠道（GI）中最常见的血管畸形，但人们对导致其出血的因素知之甚少。我们的研究旨在确定突尼斯人群中 GIAD 病变患者的特征，并识别出血的风险因素。患者和方法2010 年 1 月至 2020 年 2 月，我们在突尼斯的一家三级医疗中心开展了一项回顾性研究。我们从每位患者的医疗报告中收集了临床和内窥镜数据。我们将患者分为两组：A 组，有症状的 GIAD 患者；B 组，偶然出现病变的患者。随后，根据有无复发性出血将 A 组分为两个亚组。两组患者的临床、实验室和内窥镜特征进行了比较。结果114名患者被确诊为GIAD，平均年龄为（70 ± 13.3）岁。GIAD 病变主要位于结肠（72 人，占 63%）。54名患者（47%）出现与GIAD相关的出血。出血诊断是在内窥镜手术过程中通过观察活动性出血和近期出血迹象做出的，分别占 10 例（18.5%）和 12 例（22.2%）。大多数患者接受了氩等离子凝固术治疗（93%）。出血的预测因素为年龄 75 岁、病变数量 10 个、慢性肾病、糖尿病和冠状动脉疾病（P 分别为 0.008、0.002、0.016、0.048 和 0.039）。

{"title":"Clinical features and bleeding risk factors of angiodysplasia lesions in a Tunisian population","authors":"S. Nasr, A. Khsiba, L. Hamzaoui, M. Mahmoudi, A. Ben-Mohamed, M. Yaakoubi, M. Medhioub, M. Azzouz","doi":"10.1016/j.rgmxen.2023.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rgmxen.2023.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Gastrointestinal angiodysplasia (GIAD) is the most common vascular anomaly in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, yet little is known about the factors favoring their bleeding. Our study aim was to determine the characteristics of patients with GIAD lesions in a Tunisian population and identify the risk factors of bleeding.</p></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><p>A retrospective study was carried out from January 2010 to February 2020 at a tertiary care medical center in Tunisia. Clinical and endoscopic data were collected from each patient’s medical reports. We divided the patients into two groups: group A, patients with symptomatic GIAD; and group B, patients with incidental lesions. Group A was subsequently divided into two subgroups, according to the presence or absence of recurrent bleeding. The groups were compared by clinical, laboratory, and endoscopic features.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>GIAD was diagnosed in 114 patients, with a mean age of 70 ± 13.3 years. GIAD lesions were mainly located in the colon (n = 72, 63%). Fifty-four patients (47%) presented with GIAD-related bleeding. The bleeding diagnosis was made during endoscopic procedures by visualizing active bleeding and the stigmata of recent hemorrhage in 10 (18.5%) and 12 (22.2%) cases, respectively. Most of the patients were treated by argon plasma coagulation (93%). Predictive factors of bleeding were age > 75 years, number of lesions >10, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, and coronary artery disease (<em>p</em>: 0.008; 0.002; 0.016; 0.048; and 0.039, respectively).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Knowledge of the predictive factors of bleeding aids endoscopists in the decision-making process in cases of angiodysplasia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74705,"journal":{"name":"Revista de gastroenterologia de Mexico (English)","volume":"89 1","pages":"Pages 31-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2255534X23000257/pdfft?md5=ea352d5ba5b16f81ba0fa4fb0370b169&pid=1-s2.0-S2255534X23000257-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9188436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CD138 immunohistochemistry identifies more plasma cells compared with hematoxylin and eosin staining in autoimmune hepatitis. An observational study 与苏木精和伊红染色相比，CD138免疫组织化学在自身免疫性肝炎中鉴定出更多的浆细胞。一项观察性研究。

Revista de gastroenterologia de Mexico (English)

Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmxen.2022.08.002

A.F. Romano-Munive , C. Moctezuma-Velázquez , J. Sauma-Rodríguez , P. Ramos-Martínez , A. Torre-Delgadillo

Introduction

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is associated with periportal infiltration by plasma cells. Plasma cell detection is routinely performed through hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The present study aimed to assess the utility of CD138, an immunohistochemical plasma cell marker, in the evaluation of AIH.

Materials and methods

A retrospective study was conducted, in which cases consistent with AIH, within the time frame of 2001 and 2011, were collected. Routine H&E-stained sections were used for evaluation. CD138 immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to detect plasma cells.

Results

Sixty biopsies were included. In the H&E group, the median and interquartile range (IQR) was 6 (4-9) plasma cells/high power field (HPF) and was 10 (IQR 6-20) plasma cells/HPF in the CD138 group (p < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between the number of plasma cells determined by H&E and CD138 (p = 0.31, p = 0.01). No significant correlation was found between the number of plasma cells determined by CD138 and IgG level (p = 0.21, p = 0.09) or stage of fibrosis (p = 0.12, p = 0.35), or between IgG level and stage of fibrosis (p = 0.17, p = 0.17). No significant correlation was found between the treatment response and the number of plasma cells determined by H&E (p = 0.11, p = 0.38), CD138 (p = 0.07, p = 0.55), or stage of fibrosis (p = 0.16, p = 0.20). CD138 expression was different between the treatment response groups (p = 0.04).

Conclusion

CD138 increased the detection of plasma cells in liver biopsies of patients with AIH, when compared with routine H&E staining. However, there was no correlation between the number of plasma cells determined by CD138 and serum IgG levels, stage of fibrosis, or response to treatment.

导言自身免疫性肝炎（AIH）与浆细胞的门静脉周围浸润有关。检测浆细胞的常规方法是苏木精和伊红（H&E）染色。本研究旨在评估 CD138（一种免疫组化浆细胞标记物）在评估 AIH 中的实用性。材料与方法本研究进行了一项回顾性研究，收集了 2001 年至 2011 年期间符合 AIH 的病例。采用常规 H&E 染色切片进行评估。结果共纳入了 60 例活检病例。H&E组的中位数和四分位数范围（IQR）为6（4-9）个浆细胞/高倍视野（HPF），CD138组的中位数和四分位数范围（IQR）为10（IQR 6-20）个浆细胞/HPF（p <0.001）。用 H&E 测定的浆细胞数量与 CD138 有明显相关性（p = 0.31，p = 0.01）。CD138 测定的浆细胞数量与 IgG 水平（p = 0.21，p = 0.09）或纤维化阶段（p = 0.12，p = 0.35）无明显相关性，IgG 水平与纤维化阶段（p = 0.17，p = 0.17）也无明显相关性。治疗反应与通过 H&E 测定的浆细胞数量（p = 0.11，p = 0.38）、CD138（p = 0.07，p = 0.55）或纤维化阶段（p = 0.16，p = 0.20）之间没有明显相关性。结论与常规H&E染色相比，CD138能增加AIH患者肝活检组织中浆细胞的检出率。然而，CD138测定的浆细胞数量与血清IgG水平、肝纤维化阶段或治疗反应之间没有相关性。

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引用次数: 0

Liver injury due to COVID-19 in critically ill adult patients. A retrospective study 重症成人COVID-19肝损伤回顾性研究。

Revista de gastroenterologia de Mexico (English)

Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmxen.2023.04.002

N.V. Alva , O.R. Méndez , J.C. Gasca , I. Salvador , N. Hernández , M. Valdez

Introduction and aim

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged, causing the current pandemic of acute respiratory disease known as COVID-19. Liver injury due to COVID-19 is defined as any liver injury occurring during the course of the disease and treatment of patients with COVID-19, with or without liver disease. The incidence of elevated liver transaminases, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), ranges from 2.5 to 76.3%. The aim of the present study was to describe the hepatic biochemical abnormalities, after a SARS-CoV-2-positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test, and the mortality rate in critically ill patients.

Materials and methods

A retrospective study was conducted that included 70 patients seen at a private hospital in Mexico City, within the time frame of February-December 2021. Median patient age was 44.5 years (range: 37-57.2) and 43 (61.4%) of the patients were men. Liver function tests were performed on the patients at hospital admission.

Results

Gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels were elevated (p = 0.032), as were those of AST (p = 0.011) and ALT (p = 0.021). The patients were stratified into age groups: 18-35, 36-50, and > 50 years of age. The 18 to 35-year-olds had the highest liver enzyme levels and transaminase levels were higher, the younger the patient. Due to the low mortality rate (one patient whose death did not coincide with a hepatic cause), the multivariate analysis showed an R² association of 0.689, explained by AST, GGT, and C-reactive protein levels.

Conclusions

Despite the increase in transaminases in our study population during the course of COVID-19, there was no increase in mortality. Nevertheless, hospitalized patient progression should be continuously followed.

引言和目的严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）的出现，导致了目前被称为 COVID-19 的急性呼吸道疾病的大流行。COVID-19 引起的肝损伤是指 COVID-19 患者在发病和治疗过程中出现的任何肝损伤，无论患者是否患有肝病。肝脏转氨酶（丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST））升高的发生率为 2.5% 至 76.3%。本研究旨在描述 SARS-CoV-2 聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测呈阳性后的肝生化异常情况以及重症患者的死亡率。材料和方法本研究采用回顾性研究方法，纳入了 2021 年 2 月至 12 月期间在墨西哥城一家私立医院就诊的 70 名患者。患者年龄中位数为 44.5 岁（范围：37-57.2 岁），其中 43 名（61.4%）患者为男性。结果γ谷氨酰转移酶（GGT）水平升高（p = 0.032），谷草转氨酶（AST）（p = 0.011）和谷丙转氨酶（ALT）（p = 0.021）也升高。患者年龄分为 18-35 岁组、36-50 岁组和 50 岁组。18至35岁的患者肝酶水平最高，转氨酶水平越年轻越高。由于死亡率较低（一名患者的死亡原因与肝病无关），多变量分析显示 R2 与 AST、GGT 和 C 反应蛋白水平的关系为 0.689。尽管如此，仍应持续跟踪住院患者的病情进展。

{"title":"Liver injury due to COVID-19 in critically ill adult patients. A retrospective study","authors":"N.V. Alva , O.R. Méndez , J.C. Gasca , I. Salvador , N. Hernández , M. Valdez","doi":"10.1016/j.rgmxen.2023.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rgmxen.2023.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and aim</h3><p>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged, causing the current pandemic of acute respiratory disease known as COVID-19. Liver injury due to COVID-19 is defined as any liver injury occurring during the course of the disease and treatment of patients with COVID-19, with or without liver disease. The incidence of elevated liver transaminases, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), ranges from 2.5 to 76.3%. The aim of the present study was to describe the hepatic biochemical abnormalities, after a SARS-CoV-2-positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test, and the mortality rate in critically ill patients.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>A retrospective study was conducted that included 70 patients seen at a private hospital in Mexico City, within the time frame of February-December 2021. Median patient age was 44.5 years (range: 37-57.2) and 43 (61.4%) of the patients were men. Liver function tests were performed on the patients at hospital admission.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels were elevated (p = 0.032), as were those of AST (p = 0.011) and ALT (p = 0.021). The patients were stratified into age groups: 18-35, 36-50, and > 50 years of age. The 18 to 35-year-olds had the highest liver enzyme levels and transaminase levels were higher, the younger the patient. Due to the low mortality rate (one patient whose death did not coincide with a hepatic cause), the multivariate analysis showed an R<sup>2</sup> association of 0.689, explained by AST, GGT, and C-reactive protein levels.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Despite the increase in transaminases in our study population during the course of COVID-19, there was no increase in mortality. Nevertheless, hospitalized patient progression should be continuously followed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74705,"journal":{"name":"Revista de gastroenterologia de Mexico (English)","volume":"89 1","pages":"Pages 57-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10110936/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9391338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Response to Sisa et al. Comments on the article: “Indocyanine green fluorescence angiography in colorectal surgery: A retrospective case-control analysis in Mexico” 回应 Sisa 等人对文章的评论："吲哚菁绿荧光血管造影在结直肠手术中的应用：墨西哥的回顾性病例对照分析 "一文的评论。

Revista de gastroenterologia de Mexico (English)

Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmxen.2023.10.001

L.E. Salgado-Cruz , D. Tueme-de la Peña

引用次数: 0

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt safety in patients on the liver transplantation waiting list. Risks and benefits 经颈静脉肝内门体分流在肝移植候诊患者中的安全性。风险和收益。

Revista de gastroenterologia de Mexico (English)

Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmxen.2023.02.005

M. Vilatobá

引用次数: 0

Operative safety of orthotopic liver transplant in patients with prior transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts: A 20-year experience 曾接受经颈静脉肝内门体分流术的患者接受正位肝移植的手术安全性：20年的经验。

Revista de gastroenterologia de Mexico (English)

Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmxen.2022.07.005

D.E. Hinojosa-González , A. Baca-Arzaga , G. Salgado-Garza , A. Roblesgil-Medrano , F.E. Herrera-Carrillo , M.Á. Carrillo-Martínez , C. Rodríguez-Montalvo , F. Bosques-Padilla , E. Flores-Villalba

Introduction and aims

Orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) is the definitive treatment of most types of liver failure. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) and portocaval shunt placement procedures reduce the systemic vascular complications of portal hypertension. TIPS placement remains a “bridge” therapy that enables treatment of refractory symptoms until transplantation becomes available. The aim of the present study was to describe the operative impact of TIPS prior to OLT.

Materials and methods

A retrospective review was conducted on patients that underwent liver transplant at the Hospital San José within the timeframe of 1999 and February 2020.

Results

We reviewed a total of 92 patients with OLT. Sixty-six patients were male and 26 were female, with a mean age of 52 years. Nine (9.8%) of the 92 patients had a TIPS, before the OLT. Preoperative Child-Pugh class, MELD score, and sodium and platelet levels were similar between groups. We found no difference in the means of intensive care unit stay, operative time, or blood transfusions for liver transplant, with or without previous TIPS. There was no significant difference between groups regarding vascular and biliary complication rates or the need for early intervention. The overall one-year mortality rate in the TIPS group was 11%.

Conclusions

TIPS is an appropriate therapeutic bridge towards liver transplant. We found no greater operative or postoperative complications in patients with TIPS before OLT, when compared with OLT patients without TIPS. The need for transfusion, operative time, and ICU stay were similar in both groups.

导言和目的：正位肝移植（OLT）是治疗大多数类型肝功能衰竭的最终方法。经颈静脉肝内门体分流术（TIPS）和门脉分流术可减少门脉高压引起的全身血管并发症。TIPS 置管术仍是一种 "桥梁 "疗法，可治疗难治性症状，直到可以进行移植手术。本研究旨在描述 TIPS 在 OLT 之前的手术影响：我们对1999年至2020年2月期间在圣何塞医院接受肝移植手术的患者进行了回顾性研究：我们共回顾了92例OLT患者。其中男性患者 66 例，女性患者 26 例，平均年龄 52 岁。92 名患者中有 9 人（9.8%）在进行 OLT 之前做过 TIPS。各组患者术前的 Child-Pugh 分级、MELD 评分、血钠和血小板水平相似。我们发现，无论是否进行过 TIPS，肝移植手术的重症监护室住院时间、手术时间或输血量均无差异。在血管和胆道并发症发生率或早期干预需求方面，各组之间没有明显差异。TIPS组的一年总死亡率为11%：结论：TIPS是肝移植的适当治疗桥梁。我们发现，与未使用 TIPS 的 OLT 患者相比，在 OLT 前使用 TIPS 的患者的手术或术后并发症并没有增加。两组患者的输血需求、手术时间和重症监护室住院时间相似。

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