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Does sleep link child maltreatment to depressive symptoms among incoming first-year college students? 睡眠是否会将儿童虐待与大学一年级新生的抑郁症状联系起来?
Pub Date : 2024-06-19 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae041
Darlynn M Rojo-Wissar, Stephanie H Parade, David H Barker, Eliza Van Reen, Katherine M Sharkey, Caroline Gredvig-Ardito, Mary A Carskadon

Study objectives: We examined whether sleep (i.e. quality, regularity, and duration) mediated associations between child maltreatment (CM) and depressive symptoms among emerging adults undergoing the major life transition of starting college.

Methods: Students (N = 1400; 44% male; 48% non-Hispanic white, 20% non-Hispanic Asian, 15% Hispanic all races, 7% non-Hispanic black, and 10% non-Hispanic other races) completed daily sleep diaries for 9 weeks, followed by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). DSD data were used to compute participants' Sleep Regularity Index and average 24-hour total sleep time. We used a nonparametric structural equation modeling bootstrap approach and full information maximum likelihood to account for missing data. In model 1, we controlled for sex and race and ethnicity. In model 2, we further adjusted for baseline CES-D scores.

Results: The prevalence of self-reported moderate-to-severe CM was 22%. Small but significant indirect effects of CM on greater depressive symptoms through worse sleep quality (β = 0.06, 95% CI = 0.04, 0.09) and lower sleep regularity (β = 0.02, 95% CI = 0.005, 0.03) were observed in model 1. In model 2, only the indirect effect of sleep quality remained significant (β = 0.03, 95% CI = 0.01, 0.06).

Conclusions: Poorer sleep quality may partially account for associations between CM and depressive symptoms during the first semester of college. Including sleep as a target in student health interventions on college campuses may not only help buffer against poor mental health outcomes for students with CM, but also poor academic and socioeconomic outcomes long-term.

研究目的我们研究了睡眠(即睡眠质量、规律性和持续时间)是否对儿童虐待(CM)和抑郁症状之间的关联起中介作用:学生(人数=1400;44%为男性;48%为非西班牙裔白人,20%为非西班牙裔亚裔,15%为西班牙裔所有种族,7%为非西班牙裔黑人,10%为非西班牙裔其他种族)完成了为期9周的每日睡眠日记,随后进行了童年创伤问卷-简表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数和流行病学研究中心抑郁量表(CES-D)的测试。DSD数据用于计算参与者的睡眠规律指数和24小时平均总睡眠时间。我们采用了非参数结构方程模型自引导方法和全信息最大似然法来考虑缺失数据。在模型 1 中,我们对性别、种族和民族进行了控制。在模型 2 中,我们进一步调整了 CES-D 基线得分:结果:自我报告的中度至重度CM患病率为22%。在模型 1 中观察到,CM 通过睡眠质量下降(β = 0.06,95% CI = 0.04,0.09)和睡眠规律性下降(β = 0.02,95% CI = 0.005,0.03)对抑郁症状加重产生了微小但明显的间接影响。在模型 2 中,只有睡眠质量的间接影响仍然显著(β = 0.03,95% CI = 0.01,0.06):结论:较差的睡眠质量可能部分解释了大学第一学期CM与抑郁症状之间的关联。在大学校园中将睡眠作为学生健康干预的一个目标,不仅有助于缓解患有CM的学生的不良心理健康后果,还有助于缓解长期的不良学业和社会经济后果。
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引用次数: 0
Ecological momentary assessment of sleep, pain, and opioid use among adolescents following surgery. 对青少年手术后的睡眠、疼痛和阿片类药物使用情况进行生态学瞬间评估。
Pub Date : 2024-06-17 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae039
Andrew H Rogers, Jennifer A Rabbitts, Michael G Saper, Gregory A Schmale, Tonya M Palermo, Cornelius B Groenewald

Background: Opioids are effective for acute pain management following surgery among adolescents, yet are associated with significant negative consequences, including respiratory depression and opioid misuse. Sleep deficiency is common following surgery and extant research indicates strong cross-sectional associations between sleep deficiency and increased problematic opioid use.

Objective: This study examined longitudinal associations between postsurgical sleep deficiency and opioid use among adolescents undergoing outpatient surgery. We also examined daily pain and mood as mechanisms linking previous night's sleep deficiency and next day prescription opioid use.

Methods: This prospective, observational study enrolled 106 adolescents (11-19 years) who underwent orthopedic outpatient surgery and collected pre-surgery and longitudinal measurements. Participants were 52% female, African-American (7%), American Indian/Alaska Native (7%), Hispanic (9%), Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander (4%), or white, non-Hispanic (66%). Using ecological momentary assessment methods, participants reported sleep, pain, and mood in real time over the first 14 days following surgery. Postsurgical opioid use was measured using an electronic medication cap monitoring device, eCAPTM. Associations between variables were measured using multilevel structural equation modeling.

Results: Using multi-level mediation models, pain, but not mood-mediated associations between postsurgical sleep deficiency (sleep quality, total sleep time, sleep onset latency, and wake after sleep onset) and opioid use, at both the within-person and between-person levels. Results highlight that greater previous night's sleep deficiency (both generally and greater than a person's mean level) was associated with higher next day pain (both generally and greater than a person's mean level), which, in turn, was associated with higher opioid use. Furthermore, between-person total effect models provide support for sleep deficiency predicting higher opioid use.

Conclusions: Our findings should be considered preliminary yet underscore the need for a comprehensive and personalized approach to postsurgical pain management and opioid use, potentially implementing interventions targeting sleep quality and quantity to reduce pain and opioid use.

背景:阿片类药物可有效控制青少年手术后的急性疼痛,但也会带来严重的负面影响,包括呼吸抑制和阿片类药物滥用。手术后睡眠不足很常见,现有研究表明,睡眠不足与阿片类药物使用问题增加之间存在密切的横向联系:本研究调查了接受门诊手术的青少年术后睡眠不足与阿片类药物使用之间的纵向关系。我们还研究了作为前一晚睡眠不足与次日处方阿片类药物使用之间关联机制的日常疼痛和情绪:这项前瞻性观察研究招募了 106 名接受骨科门诊手术的青少年(11-19 岁),并收集了手术前和纵向测量数据。参与者中女性占 52%,非裔美国人(7%)、美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民(7%)、西班牙裔(9%)、夏威夷原住民或其他太平洋岛民(4%)或白人、非西班牙裔(66%)。采用生态学瞬间评估方法,参与者实时报告了术后前 14 天的睡眠、疼痛和情绪情况。手术后阿片类药物的使用情况通过电子药帽监测设备 eCAPTM 进行测量。采用多层次结构方程模型测量变量之间的关联:利用多层次中介模型,在人内和人际水平上,疼痛(而非情绪)介导了手术后睡眠不足(睡眠质量、总睡眠时间、睡眠开始潜伏期和睡眠开始后唤醒)与阿片类药物使用之间的关联。结果表明,前一晚睡眠不足程度越高(一般和高于个人平均水平),第二天的疼痛程度越高(一般和高于个人平均水平),这反过来又与阿片类药物使用量越高有关。此外,人与人之间的总效应模型也支持睡眠不足可预测阿片类药物的高用量:我们的研究结果应被认为是初步的,但强调了对手术后疼痛管理和阿片类药物使用采取全面和个性化方法的必要性,有可能实施针对睡眠质量和数量的干预措施,以减少疼痛和阿片类药物的使用。
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引用次数: 0
Trends in obstructive sleep apnea disease severity over nearly two decades: update on the VA San Diego experience. 近二十年来阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停疾病严重程度的变化趋势:圣地亚哥退伍军人事务部的最新经验。
Pub Date : 2024-06-07 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae036
Brandon Nokes, Tania Zamora, Yzabel Velazquez, Shah Golshan, Cesar Cervantes-Gomeros, Will Perrine, Robert Barker, Atul Malhotra, Kathleen F Sarmiento, Carl Stepnowsky

Study objectives: The Sleep Program at the VA San Diego Healthcare System (VASDHS) started a patient database over twenty years ago for its home sleep apnea testing (HSAT) program. An analysis of ten years of diagnostic HSAT data was reported on over 12 500 patients in 2014. Over this time period, severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) decreased in frequency. In contrast, mild OSA increased in frequency and was the most frequently reported severity in our analysis. In more recent times, the 2021 continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) crisis created difficulties in dispersing CPAP therapies to individuals including Veterans with OSA, prompting our group to reexamine the HSAT database.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed of the local clinical database of HSAT diagnostic testing of 8,928 sleep studies from 2018 to 2022.

Results: The overall mean apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) decreased from 40.4/hour (2004) to 24.3/hour (2022) (p < .001). The two time periods were examined separately. For 2004-2013, it was found that the mean AHI in 2004 was not significantly different from the mean AHI in 2005, 2006, or 2007 but was significantly different from the mean AHI in each year from 2008 (mean AHI = 30.7/h) to 2013 (mean AHI = 26.1/hour). For 2019-2022, the mean AHI did not significantly differ between the 4 years.

Conclusions: These findings have implications for OSA therapies. Additionally, the high prevalence of mild sleep apnea, which is typically associated with lesser adherence to PAP therapy, further highlights the importance of non-PAP alternatives to improve treatment effectiveness.

研究目的:退伍军人圣地亚哥医疗保健系统(VASDHS)的睡眠项目早在二十多年前就开始为其家庭睡眠呼吸检测(HSAT)项目建立患者数据库。2014 年,对超过 12 500 名患者的十年 HSAT 诊断数据进行了分析。在此期间,重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)的发生率有所下降。相比之下,轻度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)的发生率有所上升,是我们分析中最常报告的严重程度。最近,2021 年的持续气道正压(CPAP)危机给向包括患有 OSA 的退伍军人在内的个人提供 CPAP 治疗造成了困难,促使我们的研究小组重新审查 HSAT 数据库:我们对当地的 HSAT 诊断测试临床数据库中 2018 年至 2022 年的 8928 项睡眠研究进行了回顾性审查:总体平均呼吸暂停-低通气指数(AHI)从40.4/小时(2004年)下降到24.3/小时(2022年)(p 结论:这些结果对OSA的治疗具有重要意义:这些发现对 OSA 的治疗具有重要意义。此外,轻度睡眠呼吸暂停的发病率较高,而轻度睡眠呼吸暂停通常与呼吸机治疗的依从性较差有关,这进一步凸显了非呼吸机治疗对提高治疗效果的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Sleep medicine, sleep research, and sleep education: a whole life devoted to sleep. 睡眠医学、睡眠研究和睡眠教育:一生致力于睡眠。
Pub Date : 2024-06-05 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae029
Michel Billiard

This article describes my participation in sleep medicine, sleep research, and sleep education, mainly in Europe, between the years 1970 and 2000.

本文介绍了我在 1970 年至 2000 年期间主要在欧洲参与睡眠医学、睡眠研究和睡眠教育的情况。
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引用次数: 0
High prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in a surgical aortic valve replacement cohort: an observational study. 外科主动脉瓣置换术队列中阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的高患病率:一项观察性研究。
Pub Date : 2024-05-30 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae034
Mark A Oldham, Wilfred R Pigeon, Michael Yurcheshen, Kazuhiro Hisamoto, Peter A Knight, Hochang B Lee

Study objectives: A high prevalence of sleep apnea has been reported among transcatheter aortic valve replacement (AVR) patients; however, the prevalence of sleep apnea in the younger and relatively healthier population of surgical AVR (SAVR) patients is unknown.

Methods: We assessed the prevalence of sleep apnea and overall sleep quality in patients having SAVR. Participants aged 50-89 were eligible for recruitment. All participants completed type II HST before SAVR. Sleep apnea was defined as an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 5 events/hour. The current use of positive airway pressure was exclusionary.

Results: The 46 participants (32 males/14 females) had a mean age of 66.6 years, body mass index of 30, AHI of 23.5, and obstructive AHI of 22.0. Only four participants had a prior sleep apnea diagnosis, yet all but one had sleep apnea on type II sleep testing. Two-thirds of sleep apnea was moderate or severe (AHI ≥ 15). A quarter of respiratory events were defined by arousals without desaturations. Whereas most sleep parameters resembled those of similarly aged community cohorts, mean percentage of N3 was reduced, accounting for only 3.8% of total sleep time.

Conclusions: Type II home sleep testing (HST) revealed a 97.8% prevalence of sleep apnea in this sample, most of which was undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnea. Roughly two-thirds of sleep apnea was moderate or severe. Such a high impact of obstructive sleep apnea among patients with severe aortic valve disease deserves further investigation on potential underlying mechanisms and clinical implications.

研究目的:据报道,经导管主动脉瓣置换术(AVR)患者中睡眠呼吸暂停的患病率很高;然而,在更年轻、相对更健康的外科主动脉瓣置换术(SAVR)患者中,睡眠呼吸暂停的患病率尚不清楚:我们对 SAVR 患者的睡眠呼吸暂停患病率和整体睡眠质量进行了评估。年龄在 50-89 岁之间的参与者符合招募条件。所有参与者在进行 SAVR 之前都完成了 II 型 HST。睡眠呼吸暂停的定义是呼吸暂停-低通气指数(AHI)≥ 5 次/小时。目前正在使用气道正压的患者不包括在内:46 名参与者(32 名男性/14 名女性)的平均年龄为 66.6 岁,体重指数为 30,AHI 为 23.5,阻塞性 AHI 为 22.0。只有四名参与者曾被诊断出患有睡眠呼吸暂停,但除一人外,其他参与者均在 II 型睡眠测试中发现患有睡眠呼吸暂停。三分之二的睡眠呼吸暂停为中度或重度(AHI ≥ 15)。四分之一的呼吸事件定义为无饱和的唤醒。虽然大多数睡眠参数与年龄相仿的社区人群相似,但N3的平均比例有所下降,仅占总睡眠时间的3.8%:结论:第二类家庭睡眠测试(HST)显示,该样本中睡眠呼吸暂停的发生率为 97.8%,其中大部分是未确诊的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停。大约三分之二的睡眠呼吸暂停属于中度或重度。阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停对严重主动脉瓣疾病患者的影响如此之大,值得进一步研究其潜在的内在机制和临床意义。
{"title":"High prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in a surgical aortic valve replacement cohort: an observational study.","authors":"Mark A Oldham, Wilfred R Pigeon, Michael Yurcheshen, Kazuhiro Hisamoto, Peter A Knight, Hochang B Lee","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae034","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Study objectives: </strong>A high prevalence of sleep apnea has been reported among transcatheter aortic valve replacement (AVR) patients; however, the prevalence of sleep apnea in the younger and relatively healthier population of surgical AVR (SAVR) patients is unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed the prevalence of sleep apnea and overall sleep quality in patients having SAVR. Participants aged 50-89 were eligible for recruitment. All participants completed type II HST before SAVR. Sleep apnea was defined as an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 5 events/hour. The current use of positive airway pressure was exclusionary.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 46 participants (32 males/14 females) had a mean age of 66.6 years, body mass index of 30, AHI of 23.5, and obstructive AHI of 22.0. Only four participants had a prior sleep apnea diagnosis, yet all but one had sleep apnea on type II sleep testing. Two-thirds of sleep apnea was moderate or severe (AHI ≥ 15). A quarter of respiratory events were defined by arousals without desaturations. Whereas most sleep parameters resembled those of similarly aged community cohorts, mean percentage of N3 was reduced, accounting for only 3.8% of total sleep time.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Type II home sleep testing (HST) revealed a 97.8% prevalence of sleep apnea in this sample, most of which was undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnea. Roughly two-thirds of sleep apnea was moderate or severe. Such a high impact of obstructive sleep apnea among patients with severe aortic valve disease deserves further investigation on potential underlying mechanisms and clinical implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":"5 1","pages":"zpae034"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11212347/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141473340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effect of a dynamic lighting schedule on neurobehavioral performance during a 45-day simulated space mission. 在为期 45 天的模拟太空任务中,动态照明时间表对神经行为表现的影响。
Pub Date : 2024-05-30 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae032
Leilah K Grant, Brianne A Kent, Shadab A Rahman, Melissa A St Hilaire, Crystal L Kirkley, Kevin B Gregory, Toni Clark, John P Hanifin, Laura K Barger, Charles A Czeisler, George C Brainard, Steven W Lockley, Erin E Flynn-Evans

Study objectives: We previously reported that during a 45-day simulated space mission, a dynamic lighting schedule (DLS) improved circadian phase alignment and performance assessed once on selected days. This study aimed to evaluate how DLS affected performance on a 5-minute psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) administered multiple times per day on selected days.

Methods: Sixteen crewmembers (37.4 ± 6.7 years; 5F) underwent six cycles of 2 × 8-hour/night followed by 5 × 5-hour/night sleep opportunities. During the DLS (n = 8), daytime white light exposure was blue-enriched (~6000 K; Level 1: 1079, Level 2: 76 melanopic equivalent daytime illuminance (melEDI) lux) and blue-depleted (~3000-4000 K; L1: 21, L2: 2 melEDI lux) 3 hours before bed. In the standard lighting schedule (SLS; n = 8), lighting remained constant (~4500K; L1: 284, L2 62 melEDI lux). Effects of lighting condition (DLS/SLS), sleep condition (5/8 hours), time into mission, and their interactions, and time awake on PVT performance were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models.

Results: The DLS was associated with fewer attentional lapses (reaction time [RT] > 500 milliseconds) compared to SLS. Lapses, mean RT, and 10% fastest/slowest RTs were worse following 5 compared to 8 hours of sleep but not between lighting conditions. There was an effect of time into mission on RTs, likely due to sleep loss. Overall performance differed by time of day, with longer RTs at the beginning and end of the day. There were more lapses and slower RTs in the afternoon in the SLS compared to the DLS condition.

Conclusions: Future missions should incorporate DLS to enhance circadian alignment and performance. This paper is part of the Sleep and Circadian Rhythms: Management of Fatigue in Occupational Settings Collection.

研究目的:我们以前曾报道过,在为期 45 天的模拟太空任务中,动态照明时间表(DLS)改善了昼夜节律相位调整,并提高了在选定日期进行一次评估的成绩。本研究旨在评估 DLS 如何影响在选定日期每天多次执行的 5 分钟精神运动警觉任务(PVT)的表现:16 名船员(37.4 ± 6.7 岁;5F)接受了六个周期的 2 × 8 小时/晚的睡眠,然后是 5 × 5 小时/晚的睡眠。在 DLS 期间(n = 8),白天白光照射为富含蓝光(~6000 K;1 级:1079,2 级:76 黑色素当量白天照度 (melEDI) 勒克斯),睡前 3 小时为缺蓝光(~3000-4000 K;L1:21,L2:2 melEDI 勒克斯)。在标准照明时间表(SLS;n = 8)中,照明保持不变(~4500K;L1:284,L2:62 melEDI 勒克斯)。使用广义线性混合模型分析了照明条件(DLS/SLS)、睡眠条件(5/8 小时)、执行任务时间及其交互作用以及清醒时间对 PVT 成绩的影响:与 SLS 相比,DLS 与较少的注意力缺失(反应时间 [RT] > 500 毫秒)有关。与 8 小时睡眠相比,5 小时睡眠后的失误、平均反应时间和 10%最快/最慢反应时间更差,但不同照明条件下的失误、平均反应时间和 10%最快/最慢反应时间并无差异。执行任务的时间会对反应时间产生影响,这可能是由于睡眠不足造成的。一天中不同时间段的总体表现各不相同,开始和结束时的实时时间较长。与 DLS 条件相比,SLS 条件下下午的失误更多,RT 更慢:结论:未来的任务应结合 DLS 来提高昼夜节律的一致性和性能。本文是 "睡眠与昼夜节律 "的一部分:职业环境中的疲劳管理》论文集的一部分。
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引用次数: 0
My voyage in the enchanted world of sleep. 我在梦幻世界里的航行
Pub Date : 2024-05-17 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae027
Peretz Lavie

In this paper, I describe my 45-year career in sleep research. I started my undergraduate studies at Tel Aviv University, where I was first introduced to the enchanted world of sleep, continued to my graduate studies with Wilse B. Webb at the University of Florida, and then to post-doctoral training with Dan Kripke at the University of California at San Diego. Then, I describe the evolution of my academic career at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, where I started in 1975 as an Assistant Professor and retired in 2019 as the President of the Institute. I describe the areas of research that I pursued and how the research developed, emphasizing unexpected results that guided me and my lab team in new directions. This includes my early studies on ultradian rhythms, inspired by Nathaniel Kleitman's Basic Rest Activity Cyle hypothesis, utilizing the ultrashort sleep-wake paradigm to chart the 24-hour sleep propensity function, and how these studies led us to explore the role of melatonin in sleep regulation. I also explain why we directed our attention to sleep apnea, and how clinical observations led to the provocative hypothesis that sleep apnea-typically seen as a disorder-may also play a protective role. Under the leadership of my research partner and wife, Lena, we confirmed this hypothesis. Also in this article, I describe my enthusiasm for the history of our field and, as derived from my experience as a Dean of Medicine and President of a university, I share my philosophy about the role of members of academia in society. I emphasize that none of my achievements could have been accomplished without the hard work and motivation of my students and research partners, who shared my enthusiasm and passion for the enchanted world of sleep. This paper is part of the Living Legends in Sleep Research series, which is sponsored by Idorsia Pharmaceuticals and Jazz Pharmaceuticals.

在本文中,我将介绍自己 45 年的睡眠研究生涯。我的本科学习始于特拉维夫大学,在那里我第一次接触到了迷人的睡眠世界,之后在佛罗里达大学师从威尔斯-韦伯(Wilse B. Webb)攻读研究生,并在加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥分校师从丹-克里普克(Dan Kripke)接受博士后培训。然后,我介绍了我在以色列理工学院的学术生涯发展历程,我于 1975 年开始在该学院担任助理教授,并于 2019 年作为学院院长退休。我描述了我所从事的研究领域以及研究的发展过程,强调了一些意想不到的结果,这些结果引导我和我的实验室团队朝着新的方向发展。这包括我早期受纳撒尼尔-克莱特曼(Nathaniel Kleitman)的基本休息活动方式假说启发而进行的超昼夜节律研究,利用超短睡眠-觉醒范式绘制24小时睡眠倾向功能图,以及这些研究如何引导我们探索褪黑激素在睡眠调节中的作用。我还解释了我们为何将注意力转向睡眠呼吸暂停,以及临床观察如何提出了睡眠呼吸暂停--通常被视为一种疾病--也可能起到保护作用这一具有启发性的假设。在我的研究伙伴兼妻子莉娜的领导下,我们证实了这一假设。在这篇文章中,我还描述了我对本领域历史的热情,并从我担任医学院长和大学校长的经历中,分享了我对学术界成员在社会中角色的理念。我强调,如果没有我的学生和研究伙伴的辛勤工作和激励,我的所有成就都不可能实现,他们与我一样对迷人的睡眠世界充满热情和激情。本文是 "睡眠研究领域的传奇人物 "系列报道的一部分,该系列报道由 Idorsia Pharmaceuticals 和 Jazz Pharmaceuticals 赞助。
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引用次数: 0
From pole to pole, life-long research of sleep in extreme environments. 从极地到极地,终生研究极端环境中的睡眠。
Pub Date : 2024-05-10 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae025
Alain G C Buguet

In November 1965, Michel Jouvet accepted me into his laboratory in Lyon as a medical student at a time when sleep research was an adventure. After 4 years of investigations in cats, I obtained my medical doctorate. Being a military physician, I was posted to Antarctica for wintering over and was initiated by Jean Rivolier into the psychology of small isolated human groups. I recorded 180 polysomnographic (PSG) nights in eight of my companions. This was my first contribution to research on human sleep under extreme environments and conditions. I then entered René Hénane's military thermophysiology laboratory, where I analyzed thermal exchanges during human sleep in the heat. Back to the cold, I spent 2 years in Canada and analyzed sleep during the Arctic winter under the direction of Manny W. Radomski, who headed the Defense and Civil Institute of Environmental Medicine and judged my PhD dissertation along with my first two mentors. Throughout my career, I worked in collaboration with Manny Radomski under the auspices of the Franco-Canadian Accord for Defence Research. We studied sleep and exercise, sleep deprivation, and recovery with and without chemical help. He also gave me support during several investigations in Africa. There, I studied normal sleep under various tropical climates (warm and dry in Niger, warm and humid in Côte d'Ivoire and Congo, temperate mid-mountain in Angola). I determined that human African trypanosomiasis, the ravaging sleeping sickness or tsetse disease, is not a hypersomnia, but a disorder of circadian rhythms, notably in the sleep-wake cycle.

1965 年 11 月,米歇尔-儒韦(Michel Jouvet)接受我作为医科学生进入他在里昂的实验室,当时的睡眠研究还是一项冒险。经过 4 年对猫的研究,我获得了医学博士学位。作为一名军医,我被派往南极洲越冬,并在让-里沃利耶(Jean Rivolier)的指导下开始研究与世隔绝的人类小群体的心理。我记录了八个同伴的 180 个多导睡眠图(PSG)夜晚。这是我对极端环境和条件下人类睡眠研究的首次贡献。随后,我进入勒内-埃纳内(René Hénane)的军事热生理学实验室,分析人类在高温下睡眠时的热交换情况。回到寒冷的环境后,我在加拿大待了两年,在曼尼-W-拉多姆斯基(Manny W. Radomski)的指导下分析了北极冬季的睡眠情况。在我的整个职业生涯中,我与曼尼-拉多姆斯基一直在《法加国防研究协议》的支持下开展合作。我们研究了睡眠与运动、睡眠剥夺以及有无化学帮助下的恢复。在非洲进行的几次调查中,他也给予了我支持。在那里,我研究了各种热带气候(尼日尔的温暖干燥气候、科特迪瓦和刚果的温暖潮湿气候、安哥拉的温带半山区气候)下的正常睡眠。我发现非洲锥虫病,即肆虐的昏睡病或采采蝇病,并不是嗜睡症,而是昼夜节律紊乱,尤其是睡眠-觉醒周期紊乱。
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引用次数: 0
Association between poor sleep and mental health issues in Indigenous communities across the globe: a systematic review. 全球土著社区睡眠质量差与心理健康问题之间的关系:系统综述。
Pub Date : 2024-05-02 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae028
Dan Richard Fernandez, Rennie Lee, Nam Tran, Dure Sameen Jabran, Stephanie King, Lisa McDaid

Study objectives: Evidence from studies among non-Indigenous populations has established the association of poor sleep to mental health issues and supported how improving sleep could reduce the risk of mental ill health. In contrast, for Indigenous people, who experience disproportionate rates of mental ill health, the association between sleep and mental health and the potential of sleep health in reducing the risk and severity of mental health issues have never been fully reviewed. Considering the literature gap, this review assesses the association between sleep and mental health in Indigenous people.

Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, a study was submitted to the PROSPERO database for registration (293798) prior to commencing the review. Then academic databases were searched for relevant studies published up till 19 February 2023. Studies with quantitative data on sleep and mental health association in Indigenous people were included and a narrative review/synthesis was conducted.

Results: Seven studies, using carer/self-reports (six cross-sectional, one longitudinal) among three Indigenous groups (N = 3066) met the inclusion criteria. In Indigenous Australian children, arousal problems were associated with aggression, and withdrawn behavior, while early bedtime was associated with a lower risk of behavioral problems. In Native American young people, insomnia symptoms were associated with depressive symptoms in adults, short sleep was associated with affective disorders. Clinical sleep issues, i.e. restless leg and apnea, were associated with depression. In Amerindian/Mestizo adults, restless leg syndrome was associated with depression and anxiety. Overall, findings report the prevalence of poor sleep and mental health issues among Indigenous communities across the globe. Six studies scored "moderate quality" and one study scored "high quality" in quality assessment.

Conclusions: While there is limited research available, our finding suggests an association between poor sleep and mental health issues in Indigenous people. Further investigation of the potential role of, and investing in, sleep health could help support mental health.

研究目的:对非土著居民的研究证据表明,睡眠不足与精神健康问题有关,并支持改善睡眠可降低精神疾病的风险。相比之下,对于精神疾病发病率过高的原住民来说,睡眠与精神健康之间的关系以及睡眠健康在降低精神健康问题的风险和严重程度方面的潜力,却从未得到过充分的研究。考虑到文献空白,本综述评估了土著人睡眠与精神健康之间的关系:根据 PRISMA 指南,在开始综述之前,先将一项研究提交至 PROSPERO 数据库进行注册(293798)。然后在学术数据库中搜索截至 2023 年 2 月 19 日发表的相关研究。结果显示,有七项研究使用了照顾者/自我照顾者的数据,其中有一项研究使用了照顾者/自我照顾者的数据,另一项研究使用了照顾者/自我照顾者的数据:在三个原住民群体(N = 3066)中,有七项研究(六项横断面研究,一项纵向研究)采用了照顾者/自我报告的方式,符合纳入标准。在澳大利亚土著儿童中,唤醒问题与攻击行为和孤僻行为有关,而早睡则与较低的行为问题风险有关。在美国原住民青少年中,失眠症状与成人抑郁症状有关,睡眠时间短与情感障碍有关。临床睡眠问题,即不宁腿和呼吸暂停,与抑郁症有关。在美洲印第安人/梅斯蒂索成人中,不安腿综合症与抑郁和焦虑有关。总之,研究结果表明,全球土著社区普遍存在睡眠质量差和心理健康问题。在质量评估中,有六项研究被评为 "中等质量",一项研究被评为 "高质量":虽然现有研究有限,但我们的研究结果表明,土著人睡眠质量差与精神健康问题之间存在关联。进一步调查睡眠健康的潜在作用并对其进行投资,有助于支持精神健康。
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引用次数: 0
Midpoint of sleep is associated with sleep quality in older adults with and without symptomatic Alzheimer's disease. 睡眠中点与有症状和无症状阿尔茨海默氏症老年人的睡眠质量有关。
Pub Date : 2024-04-15 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae023
Scott C Sauers, Cristina D Toedebusch, Rachel Richardson, Adam P Spira, John C Morris, David M Holtzman, Brendan P Lucey

Introduction: Disrupted sleep is common in individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and may be a marker for AD risk. The timing of sleep affects sleep-wake activity and is also associated with AD, but little is known about links between sleep architecture and the midpoint of sleep in older adults. In this study, we tested if the midpoint of sleep is associated with different measures of sleep architecture, AD biomarkers, and cognitive status among older adults with and without symptomatic AD.

Methods: Participants (N = 243) with a mean age of 74 underwent standardized cognitive assessments, measurement of CSF AD biomarkers, and sleep monitoring via single-channel EEG, actigraphy, a home sleep apnea test, and self-reported sleep logs. The midpoint of sleep was defined by actigraphy.

Results: A later midpoint of sleep was associated with African-American race and greater night-to-night variability in the sleep midpoint. After adjusting for multiple potential confounding factors, a later sleep midpoint was associated with longer rapid-eye movement (REM) onset latency, decreased REM sleep time, more actigraphic awakenings at night, and higher < 2 Hz non-REM slow-wave activity.

Conclusions: Noninvasive in vivo markers of brain function, such as sleep, are needed to track both future risk of cognitive impairment and response to interventions in older adults at risk for AD. Sleep timing is associated with multiple other sleep measures and may affect their utility as markers of AD. The midpoint of sleep may be changed through behavioral intervention and should be taken into account when using sleep as a marker for AD risk.

简介睡眠中断在阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者中很常见,可能是阿尔茨海默病风险的一个标志。睡眠时间会影响睡眠-觉醒活动,也与老年痴呆症有关,但人们对老年人睡眠结构与睡眠中点之间的联系知之甚少。在这项研究中,我们测试了睡眠中点是否与有症状和无症状注意力缺失症老年人的睡眠结构、注意力缺失症生物标志物和认知状况的不同测量指标相关:平均年龄为 74 岁的参与者(N = 243)接受了标准化认知评估、CSF AD 生物标志物测量以及通过单通道脑电图、动图、家庭睡眠呼吸暂停测试和自我报告的睡眠日志进行的睡眠监测。睡眠中点由动电图确定:结果:睡眠中点较晚与非裔美国人种族和睡眠中点夜间变化较大有关。在对多种潜在干扰因素进行调整后,睡眠中点较晚与快速眼动(REM)起始潜伏期较长、REM睡眠时间减少、夜间动觉觉醒次数较多和结论较高有关:需要对睡眠等大脑功能的非侵入性体内标记物进行追踪,以了解未来认知障碍的风险以及对有老年痴呆症风险的老年人的干预措施的反应。睡眠时间与其他多种睡眠指标相关,可能会影响它们作为老年痴呆症标志物的效用。睡眠的中点可能会通过行为干预而改变,因此在使用睡眠作为注意力缺失症风险的标志物时应加以考虑。
{"title":"Midpoint of sleep is associated with sleep quality in older adults with and without symptomatic Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Scott C Sauers, Cristina D Toedebusch, Rachel Richardson, Adam P Spira, John C Morris, David M Holtzman, Brendan P Lucey","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae023","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Disrupted sleep is common in individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and may be a marker for AD risk. The timing of sleep affects sleep-wake activity and is also associated with AD, but little is known about links between sleep architecture and the midpoint of sleep in older adults. In this study, we tested if the midpoint of sleep is associated with different measures of sleep architecture, AD biomarkers, and cognitive status among older adults with and without symptomatic AD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants (<i>N</i> = 243) with a mean age of 74 underwent standardized cognitive assessments, measurement of CSF AD biomarkers, and sleep monitoring via single-channel EEG, actigraphy, a home sleep apnea test, and self-reported sleep logs. The midpoint of sleep was defined by actigraphy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A later midpoint of sleep was associated with African-American race and greater night-to-night variability in the sleep midpoint. After adjusting for multiple potential confounding factors, a later sleep midpoint was associated with longer rapid-eye movement (REM) onset latency, decreased REM sleep time, more actigraphic awakenings at night, and higher < 2 Hz non-REM slow-wave activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Noninvasive in vivo markers of brain function, such as sleep, are needed to track both future risk of cognitive impairment and response to interventions in older adults at risk for AD. Sleep timing is associated with multiple other sleep measures and may affect their utility as markers of AD. The midpoint of sleep may be changed through behavioral intervention and should be taken into account when using sleep as a marker for AD risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":"5 1","pages":"zpae023"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11071685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140864735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society
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