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Could virtual reality be a solution in surgical trainings in resource-restricted settings? A perspective 在资源有限的情况下,虚拟现实能否成为外科培训的一种解决方案?视角
IF 1.4 Q3 SURGERY Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.sopen.2024.08.004
Olivier Sibomana

Surgical conditions account for 11 % of the global burden of disease, with over 313 million surgical procedures performed worldwide each year. This underscores the critical need to train more surgeons, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where disparities in access to surgical services persist due to a limited number of trained professionals. However, in resource-restricted settings, surgical education is often hampered by ethical, logistical, and financial challenges associated with the use of cadavers, leading to significant skill gaps that can negatively impact patient outcomes and exacerbate healthcare disparities. The advent of advanced technologies, such as Virtual Reality (VR), offers a promising alternative for enhancing surgical training. This paper explores the potential of VR to revolutionize surgical education in resource-constrained environments and addresses key considerations for its effective implementation.

外科疾病占全球疾病负担的 11%,全世界每年进行的外科手术超过 3.13 亿例。这凸显了培训更多外科医生的迫切需要,尤其是在中低收入国家(LMICs),由于受过培训的专业人员数量有限,这些国家在获得外科服务方面仍然存在差距。然而,在资源受限的环境中,外科教育往往受到与使用尸体相关的伦理、后勤和财务挑战的阻碍,导致技能上的巨大差距,从而对患者的治疗效果产生负面影响,并加剧医疗差距。虚拟现实(VR)等先进技术的出现,为加强外科培训提供了一个前景广阔的替代方案。本文探讨了虚拟现实技术在资源有限的环境中革新外科教育的潜力,并讨论了有效实施虚拟现实技术的关键因素。
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引用次数: 0
Surgical skill analysis focused on tissue traction in laparoscopic wet lab training 以腹腔镜湿实验室培训中的组织牵引为重点的手术技能分析
IF 1.4 Q3 SURGERY Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.sopen.2024.08.002
Koki Ebina PhD , Takashige Abe MD, PhD , Madoka Higuchi MD, PhD , Kiyohiko Hotta MD, PhD , Jun Furumido MD, PhD , Naoya Iwahara MD, PhD , Taku Senoo PhD , Shunsuke Komizunai PhD , Teppei Tsujita PhD , Kazuya Sase PhD , Xiaoshuai Chen PhD , Yo Kurashima MD, PhD , Hiroshi Kikuchi MD, PhD , Haruka Miyata MD, PhD , Ryuji Matsumoto MD, PhD , Takahiro Osawa MD, PhD , Sachiyo Murai , Atsushi Konno PhD , Nobuo Shinohara MD, PhD

Background

Tissue handling is one of the pivotal parts of surgical procedures. We aimed to elucidate the characteristics of experts' left-hand during laparoscopic tissue dissection.

Methods

Participants performed tissue dissection around the porcine aorta. The grasping force/point of the grasping forceps were measured using custom-made sensor forceps, and the forceps location was also recorded by motion capture system (Mocap). According to the global operative assessment of laparoscopic skills (GOALS), two experts scored the recorded movies, and based on the mean scores, participants were divided into three groups: novice (<10), intermediate (10≤ to <20), and expert (≤20). Force-based metrics were compared among the three groups using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Principal component analysis (PCA) using significant metrics was also performed.

Results

A total of 42 trainings were successfully recorded. The statistical test revealed that novices frequently regrasped a tissue (median total number of grasps, novices: 268.0 times, intermediates: 89.5, experts: 52.0, p < 0.0001), the traction angle became stable against the aorta (median weighted standard deviation of traction angle, novices: 30.74°, intermediates: 26.80, experts: 23.75, p = 0.0285), and the grasping point moved away from the aorta according to skill competency [median percentage of grasping force applied in close zone (0 to 2.0 cm from aorta), novices: 34.96 %, intermediates: 21.61 %, experts: 10.91 %, p = 0.0032]. PCA showed that the efficiency-related (total number of grasps) and effective tissue traction-related (weighted average grasping position in Y-axis and distribution of grasping area) metrics mainly contributed to the skill difference (proportion of variance of first principal component: 60.83 %).

Conclusion

The present results revealed experts' left-hand characteristics, including correct tissue grasping, sufficient tissue traction from the aorta, and stable traction angle. Our next challenge is the provision of immediate and visual feedback onsite after the present wet-lab training, and shortening the learning curve of trainees.

背景组织处理是外科手术的关键部分之一。我们旨在阐明腹腔镜组织解剖时专家左手的特征。使用定制的传感器镊子测量了镊子的抓取力/抓取点,并通过动作捕捉系统(Mocap)记录了镊子的位置。根据腹腔镜技能全球手术评估(GOALS),两位专家对录制的影片进行评分,并根据平均得分将参与者分为三组:新手组(10分)、中级组(10分至20分)和专家组(20分以下)。使用 Kruskal-Wallis 检验比较了三个组别之间基于力的指标。结果共成功记录了 42 次培训。统计测试表明,新手经常重新抓取组织(总抓取次数中位数,新手:268.0 次,中间组:1.0 次):268.0 次,中级:89.5 次,专家:89.5 次):89.5,专家52.0,p <0.0001),对主动脉的牵引角度趋于稳定(牵引角度加权标准偏差中位数,新手:30.74°,中级:89.5°,专家:52.0°,p <0.0001):30.74°,中级26.80,专家:23.75,p = 0.0285),根据技能能力,抓取点远离主动脉[在近距离区域(距离主动脉 0 至 2.0 厘米)施加的抓取力的百分比中位数,新手:34.96%,中级专家:23.75%,p = 0.0001]:34.96 %,中级新手:34.96 %,中级:21.61 %,专家:10.91 %,P = 0.0010.91 %, p = 0.0032].PCA显示,与效率相关的指标(抓取总次数)和与有效组织牵引相关的指标(Y轴加权平均抓取位置和抓取面积分布)是造成技能差异的主要原因(占第一主成分方差的比例:60.83%)。我们的下一个挑战是在本湿式实验室培训后提供即时和可视的现场反馈,并缩短学员的学习曲线。
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引用次数: 0
Appendectomy: Cross-sectional study of the effects of COVID-19 in a hospital in South Brazil 阑尾切除术:南巴西一家医院对 COVID-19 效果的横断面研究
IF 1.4 Q3 SURGERY Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.sopen.2024.08.003
Tierre Aguiar Gonçales , Thiago Lucas Bastos de Melo Moszkowicz , Mariana Severo Debastiani , Marcos Souza Parreira , Julia Kasali Lima , Rafael José Vargas Alves , Claudia Giuliano Bica

Background

COVID-19 has further burdened the Brazilian healthcare system, especially emergencies. Patients may have delayed seeking care for surgical abdominal pain. Delays in the approach may have impacted clinical evolution and outcomes. This study evaluated appendectomies and their complications performed by the public system during one-year follow-up of COVID-19 in a hospital in southern Brazil.

Materials and methods

In this hospital-based cross-sectional study, we included adult patients who underwent appendectomy from March 2019 to April 2021 (n = 162). Patients were divided into pre-pandemic (n = 78) and pandemic (n = 84) groups based on the surgery date. The analyzed variables included hospitalization duration, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, surgical approach, histopathological findings, COVID-19 testing, patient outcomes, and 30-day survival rate.

Results

The cohorts exhibited similar epidemiology, with the sex ratio and average age being maintained. No statistical difference was found in the 30-day survival rate and clinical outcomes. Of the four patients admitted to the ICU, three belonged to the pandemic cohort and tested negative for COVID-19. Only 47.6 % of the patients in the pandemic cohort underwent COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction examination; one tested positive (2.5 %).

Conclusion

This study demonstrated that there was no increased risk for appendectomies during the first wave of the pandemic. Surgeries were safe during this period. Patients continued to access the emergency service despite surgical abdominal pain and restrictive measures imposed by health authorities. The similar results observed across cohorts are attributed to the readiness of the teams and the availability of medical surgical equipment in safe quantities.

背景COVID-19 进一步加重了巴西医疗系统的负担,尤其是急诊。患者可能推迟了手术腹痛的就医时间。治疗方法的延误可能会影响临床演变和治疗效果。本研究对巴西南部一家医院在 COVID-19 一年随访期间由公共系统实施的阑尾切除术及其并发症进行了评估。在这项基于医院的横断面研究中,我们纳入了在 2019 年 3 月至 2021 年 4 月期间接受阑尾切除术的成年患者(n = 162)。根据手术日期将患者分为大流行前组(n = 78)和大流行组(n = 84)。分析变量包括住院时间、入住重症监护室(ICU)、手术方式、组织病理学结果、COVID-19检测、患者预后和30天存活率。30 天存活率和临床结果无统计学差异。在重症监护室收治的四名患者中,三名属于大流行组群,COVID-19检测结果呈阴性。只有 47.6% 的大流行患者接受了 COVID-19 聚合酶链反应检查;其中一人检测结果呈阳性(2.5%)。在此期间,手术是安全的。尽管有手术腹痛和卫生当局采取的限制措施,但患者仍继续使用急诊服务。不同组别中观察到的结果相似,这归功于医疗队的准备充分以及安全数量的医疗手术设备的可用性。
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引用次数: 0
Improving adrenalectomies: Safe outcomes of partial adrenalectomies and suitable characteristics 改进肾上腺切除术:肾上腺部分切除术的安全结果和合适特征
IF 1.4 Q3 SURGERY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sopen.2024.07.001
Diana A. Hla , Nafiye Busra Celik , Enrique F. Elli

Background

Partial adrenalectomy (PA) is increasingly used to treat benign tumors to lower the probability of adrenal insufficiency and reduce need for lifetime hormone replacement therapy. Currently, two major concerns are increased bleeding and non-functioning adrenal remnants. This paper examines these concerns and compares surgical approaches with novel findings.

Methods

Between 1993 and 2023, 72 patients underwent PA for primary adrenal disorders. Demographic, clinicopathologic and outcome data were analyzed for summary statistics, confidence intervals, and heteroscedastic t-test statistics.

Results

The patients were 17–76 years-old and were 59.7 % female. The PA was on the left 54.2 % and bilaterally 4.2 %. The indications were adrenal adenoma, pheochromocytoma, cyst, hyperplasia, and other. The mean tumor diameter was 2.7 cm (range 0.7-10 cm). 23 were performed open, 43 laparoscopically, and 6 with an intended robotic approach. Median follow-up was 9.3 years.

Robotic had the shortest length of stay (LOS) (p-value 0.01), then laparoscopic (p-value 0.00004), then open. The estimated blood loss (EBL) ranged from 5 to 500 mL (median 50 mL). The median LOS was two days.

Intra-operative complication rate was 1.4 % and readmission within 30 days occurred in 2.8 %. Out of 72 patients, 6.8 % needed hormone replacement; of the 14 patients with contralateral adrenalectomy, 28.6 % needed replacement.

Conclusion

PA appears to be safe with both laparoscopic and robotic-assisted techniques with superior perioperative outcomes. The functional results of PA prevent most patients from requiring ongoing steroid replacement treatment and recurrence rates were low. PA should be advised for more frequent use as the preferred treatment method of choice.

Key message

Partial adrenalectomies' perioperative and long-term outcomes over a median 9.3 year follow-up emphasized its safety and efficacy with 95 % CI of (2.7 cm, 3.6 cm) for masses with adrenal sufficiency post-resection. Additionally, as healthcare institutions decide whether to invest in surgical robots, robotic approach's outperformance of laparoscopic and open on LOS may be counterbalanced by laparoscopic's strong performance in low EBL.

背景肾上腺部分切除术(PA)越来越多地用于治疗良性肿瘤,以降低肾上腺功能不全的概率,减少终生激素替代疗法的需要。目前,两大主要问题是出血增加和肾上腺残余功能丧失。本文探讨了这些问题,并比较了手术方法与新发现。方法1993年至2023年间,72名患者因原发性肾上腺疾病接受了PA手术。结果患者年龄在 17-76 岁之间,59.7% 为女性。PA在左侧的占54.2%,双侧的占4.2%。适应症为肾上腺腺瘤、嗜铬细胞瘤、囊肿、增生和其他。肿瘤的平均直径为2.7厘米(范围为0.7-10厘米)。开腹手术23例,腹腔镜手术43例,机器人手术6例。中位随访时间为9.3年。机器人手术的住院时间(LOS)最短(P值为0.01),然后是腹腔镜手术(P值为0.00004),然后是开腹手术。估计失血量(EBL)从5毫升到500毫升不等(中位数为50毫升)。术中并发症发生率为1.4%,2.8%的患者在30天内再次入院。在 72 名患者中,6.8% 的患者需要补充激素;在 14 名行对侧肾上腺切除术的患者中,28.6% 的患者需要补充激素。PA的功能效果使大多数患者无需持续接受类固醇替代治疗,复发率也很低。关键信息在中位 9.3 年的随访中,肾上腺部分切除术的围手术期和长期疗效强调了其安全性和有效性,95% CI 为(2.7 厘米,3.6 厘米),可用于切除后肾上腺肿块。此外,当医疗机构决定是否投资手术机器人时,机器人方法在LOS方面优于腹腔镜和开腹手术的优势可能会被腹腔镜在低EBL方面的优势所抵消。
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引用次数: 0
Early adoption of robotic lung resection in an established video assisted thoracic surgery practice 在成熟的视频辅助胸外科实践中尽早采用机器人肺切除术
IF 1.4 Q3 SURGERY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sopen.2024.07.004
Ashley L. Deeb MD , Luis De Leon MD , Emanuele Mazzola PhD , Suden Kucukak MD , Anupama Singh MD , Miles McAllister BA , Matthew Garrity BS , Michael T. Jaklitsch MD , Jon O. Wee MD , Matthew M. Rochefort MD

Background

Reported advantages to robotic thoracic surgery include shorter length of stay (LOS), improved lymphadenectomy, and decreased complications. It is uncertain if these benefits occur when introducing robotics into a well-established video-assisted thoracoscopy (VATS) practice. We compared the two approaches to investigate these advantages.

Materials and methods

IRB approval was obtained for this project. Patients who underwent segmentectomy or lobectomy from May 2016–December 2018 were propensity-matched 2: 1 (VATS: robotic) and compared using weighted logistic regression with age, gender, Charlson Comorbidity Index, surgery type, stage, Exparel, and epidural as covariates. Complication rates, operation times, number of sampled lymph nodes, pain level, disposition, and LOS were compared using Wilcoxon rank-sum and with Rao-Scott Chi-squared tests.

Results

213 patients (142 VATS and 71 robot) were matched. Duration of robotic cases was longer than VATS (median 186 min (IQR 78) vs. 164 min (IQR 78.75); p < 0.001). Significantly more lymph nodes (median 11 (IQR 7.50) vs. 8 (IQR 7.00); p = 0.004) and stations were sampled (median 4 (IQR 2.00) vs. 3 (IQR 1.00); p < 0.001) with the robot. Interestingly, robotic resections had higher 72-hour pain scores (median 3 (IQR 3.25) vs. 2 (IQR 3.50); p = 0.04) and 48-hour opioid usage (median 37.50 morphine milligram equivalents (MME) (IQR 45.50) vs. 22.50 MME (IQR 37.50); p = 0.01). Morbidity, LOS, and disposition were similar (all p > 0.05).

Conclusions

The robotic approach facilitates better lymph node sampling, even in an established VATS practice.

背景据报道,机器人胸腔镜手术的优点包括缩短住院时间(LOS)、改善淋巴腺切除术和减少并发症。目前还不确定在成熟的视频辅助胸腔镜(VATS)手术中引入机器人是否会带来这些优势。我们对这两种方法进行了比较,以研究这些优势。对 2016 年 5 月至 2018 年 12 月期间接受肺段切除术或肺叶切除术的患者进行 2:1(VATS:机器人)倾向匹配,并以年龄、性别、Charlson 合并指数、手术类型、分期、Exparel 和硬膜外作为协变量,使用加权逻辑回归进行比较。采用 Wilcoxon 秩和检验和 Rao-Scott Chi-squared 检验比较了并发症发生率、手术时间、取样淋巴结数量、疼痛程度、处置和住院时间。机器人手术的持续时间比 VATS 长(中位数 186 分钟(IQR 78)对 164 分钟(IQR 78.75);P < 0.001)。机器人取样的淋巴结(中位数 11 个(IQR 7.50)对 8 个(IQR 7.00);p = 0.004)和淋巴站(中位数 4 个(IQR 2.00)对 3 个(IQR 1.00);p <0.001)明显更多。有趣的是,机器人切除术的 72 小时疼痛评分(中位数 3 (IQR 3.25) vs. 2 (IQR 3.50);p = 0.04)和 48 小时阿片类药物用量(中位数 37.50 吗啡毫克当量 (MME) (IQR 45.50) vs. 22.50 吗啡毫克当量 (MME) (IQR 37.50);p = 0.01)更高。结论即使在成熟的 VATS 实践中,机器人方法也能更好地进行淋巴结取样。
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引用次数: 0
Evidence-based management of the patient with synchronous colorectal cancer and liver metastases 对同步性结直肠癌肝转移患者的循证管理
IF 1.4 Q3 SURGERY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sopen.2024.07.006
Ajith K. Siriwardena MD FRCS
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引用次数: 0
Where are they now? An analysis of integrated cardiothoracic surgery residency applicants 他们现在在哪里?心胸外科住院医师综合申请者分析
IF 1.4 Q3 SURGERY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sopen.2024.07.011
Christopher M. Worrell MD, Nitin A. Das MD, Edward Y. Sako MD PhD

Changes in cardiothoracic surgery (CTS) workforce trends have affected training paradigms to include the establishment of integrated six-year CTS residency (I6) programs. This study aimed to determine commitment of selected I6 program applicants to the specialty.

Internal archives at a single institution were accessed to identify applicants interviewed for an I6 position from 2014 to 2016. A systematic internet search of publicly available information was performed to identify the trainee's current specialty. Descriptive analysis was performed.

Forty-seven applicants were identified. Successful search results were achieved for 97.9 % of the applicants. One applicant was excluded, resulting in a cohort of 45. 48.9 % of the applicants successfully matched into I6 programs. Of the 23 who did not match into an I6 program, 91.3 % began a General Surgery (GS) residency. When looking solely at the GS trainees, 71.4 % sought and matched into a traditional or 4/3 CTS residency. In total, 77.8 % of the cohort are currently pursuing careers in cardiothoracic surgery.

The study identified a strong continued interest in the field of CT Surgery among those interviewed for integrated residency. The methodology used in this study provided an effective way to follow career choice of applicants interviewed and could be applied by additional programs to further elucidate career choice and levels of commitment.

心胸外科(CTS)劳动力趋势的变化影响了培训模式,包括建立六年制心胸外科综合住院医师培训项目(I6)。本研究旨在确定选定的I6项目申请者对该专业的承诺。研究人员查阅了一家机构的内部档案,以确定2014年至2016年接受I6职位面试的申请者。对公开信息进行了系统的互联网搜索,以确定受训者目前的专业。对结果进行了描述性分析。97.9%的申请人搜索成功。有一名申请人被排除在外,因此共有 45 名申请人。48.9% 的申请人成功匹配到 I6 计划。在未进入 I6 项目的 23 人中,91.3% 开始了普通外科(GS)住院实习。仅从普通外科学员的情况来看,71.4% 的学员寻求并匹配到了传统或 4/3 CTS 实习项目。总之,77.8% 的学员目前正在从事心胸外科工作。该研究发现,接受综合住院医师培训面试的学员对 CT 外科领域持续保持着浓厚的兴趣。这项研究中使用的方法为跟踪受访申请人的职业选择提供了有效途径,其他项目也可采用这种方法进一步阐明职业选择和承诺水平。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial Board Page 编辑委员会页面
IF 1.4 Q3 SURGERY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/S2589-8450(24)00110-6
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引用次数: 0
A novel latex patch model enables cost-effective hands-on teaching in vascular surgery 新型乳胶贴片模型实现了经济高效的血管外科实践教学
IF 1.4 Q3 SURGERY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sopen.2024.07.003
Maximilian Gaenzle MD , Antonia Geisler MD , Hannes Hering , Arsen Sabanov , Sabine Steiner MD, PhD , Daniela Branzan MD, PhD

Objectives

We developed a new simulator for hands-on teaching of vascular surgical skills, the Leipzig Latex Patch Model (LPM). This study aimed to quantify the effectiveness and acceptance of the LPM evaluated by students, as well as evaluation of the results by experienced vascular surgeons.

Methods

A prospective, single-center, single-blinded, randomized study was conducted. Fifty 5th-year medical students were randomized into two groups, first performing a patch suture on the LPM (study group) or established synthetic tissue model (control), then on porcine aorta. The second suture was videotaped and scored by two surgeons using a modified Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skill (OSATS) score. We measured the time required for suturing; the participants completed questionnaires.

Results

Participants required significantly less time for the second suture than the first (median: LPM 30 min vs. control 28.5 min, p = 0.0026). There was no significant difference in suture time between the groups (median: 28 min vs. 30 min, p = 0.2958). There was an increase in confidence from 28 % of participants before to 58 % after the course (p < 0.0001). The cost of materials per participant was 1.05€ (LPM) vs. 8.68€ (control). The OSATS-scores of the LPM group did not differ significantly from those of the control (median: 20.5 points vs. 23.0 points, p = 0.2041).

Conclusions

This pilot study demonstrated an increase in technical skills and confidence through simulator-based teaching. Our data suggests comparable results of the LPM compared to the conventional model, as assessed by the OSATS-score. This low-cost, low-threshold training model for vascular suturing skills should make hands-on training more accessible to students and surgical residents.

Key message

We developed and validated a low-cost, low-threshold training model for vascular suturing skills. This should make hands-on training more accessible to medical students and surgical residents in the future.

目的我们开发了一种用于血管外科技能实践教学的新型模拟器--莱比锡乳胶贴片模型(LPM)。本研究旨在量化学生对 LPM 的效果和接受程度的评价,以及经验丰富的血管外科医生对结果的评价。50 名五年级医学生被随机分为两组,首先在 LPM(研究组)或已建立的合成组织模型(对照组)上进行补片缝合,然后在猪主动脉上进行补片缝合。对第二次缝合进行录像,并由两名外科医生使用改良的客观结构化技术技能评估 (OSATS) 分值进行评分。我们测量了缝合所需的时间;参与者填写了调查问卷。结果参与者第二次缝合所需的时间明显少于第一次(中位数:LPM 30 分钟 vs. 对照组 28.5 分钟,p = 0.0026)。两组的缝合时间无明显差异(中位数:28 分钟对 30 分钟,p = 0.2958)。参加者的自信心从课程前的 28% 提高到课程后的 58%(p < 0.0001)。每位学员的材料费为 1.05 欧元(LPM)对 8.68 欧元(对照组)。LPM 组的 OSATS 分数与对照组没有显著差异(中位数:20.5 分 vs. 23.0 分,p = 0.2041)。我们的数据表明,通过 OSATS 分数评估,LPM 与传统模式相比效果相当。我们开发并验证了一种低成本、低门槛的血管缝合技能培训模式。我们开发并验证了低成本、低门槛的血管缝合技能培训模式,这将使医科学生和外科住院医师今后更容易获得实践培训。
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引用次数: 0
Appendicitis tends to be complicated during the COVID-19 epidemic: A multicentre retrospective study 在 COVID-19 流行期间,阑尾炎往往比较复杂:多中心回顾性研究
IF 1.4 Q3 SURGERY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sopen.2024.06.009
Macheng Lu , Xiangpeng Kong , Cong Cheng , Mengmeng Liu , Yuan Zhang , Qiuhua Zhang , Tong Wang , Ye Zhang , Huiqiang Dou

Background

In past studies, non-medical factors in the social-healthcare-patient triad associated with the prevalence of COVID-19 have led to delays in the presentation of patients with acute appendicitis and an increase in complications. However, as research progresses, there is increasing evidence of a clinical association between COVID-19 and the development of acute appendicitis.

Methods

The effect of COVID-19 prevalence and associated factors on acute appendicitis in the control (2016–2019) and exposed (2020−2023) groups was derived from a retrospective study of 3070 patients with acute appendicitis from 2016 to 2023.

Results

After the implementation of the restrictions, the rate of acute appendicitis visits in the exposed group compared to the control group dropped sharply in the initial period (P = 0.047) and recovered gradually with the relaxation of the restrictions. Similar changes occurred in the number of acute complicated appendicitis visits. In addition, after the lifting of restrictions and the COVID-19 outbreak, the proportion of acute complicated appendicitis in the exposed group increased significantly (P < 0.001) and an increase in the number of complicated appendicitis visits was observed (P < 0.001) compared with the control group. In addition, the age distribution of acute appendicitis during this period showed an ageing trend (P = 0.001).

Conclusion

COVID-19 infections may be more likely to progress to complicated appendicitis after an episode of appendicitis, even if they have been cured for the same period of time. In addition, the proportion of elderly patients with appendicitis increased after the COVID-19 epidemic.

背景在过去的研究中,与 COVID-19 流行率相关的社会-医疗-患者三方中的非医疗因素导致了急性阑尾炎患者就诊时间的延迟和并发症的增加。然而,随着研究的深入,越来越多的证据表明 COVID-19 与急性阑尾炎发病之间存在临床关联。方法通过对 2016 年至 2023 年间 3070 名急性阑尾炎患者的回顾性研究,得出 COVID-19 流行率及相关因素对对照组(2016-2019 年)和暴露组(2020-2023 年)急性阑尾炎的影响。结果实施限制措施后,与对照组相比,暴露组的急性阑尾炎就诊率在初期急剧下降(P = 0.047),并随着限制措施的放宽而逐渐恢复。急性复杂性阑尾炎的就诊人数也发生了类似的变化。此外,在解除限制和 COVID-19 爆发后,与对照组相比,暴露组的急性复杂性阑尾炎比例显著增加(P < 0.001),复杂性阑尾炎就诊人数也有所增加(P < 0.001)。此外,在此期间急性阑尾炎的年龄分布呈现出老龄化趋势(P = 0.001)。结论COVID-19 感染者在阑尾炎发作后可能更容易发展为复杂性阑尾炎,即使他们在同一时期已经治愈。此外,COVID-19 流行后,阑尾炎老年患者的比例增加。
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Surgery open science
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