Pub Date : 2022-04-29DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826-2022-1-13
О. Tkachuk, M. Bondarenko
Overthe past 10 years, the area under corn in Ukraine has more than doubled and now stands at about 5 million hectares. At the same time, according to the results of scientific recommendations, the optimal area for sowing corn for grain and silage in Ukraine should be within 3 million hectares. Until now, the question of the optimal location of corn crops for grain in Ukraine is controversial. It is established that currently the placement of grain corn in the natural and economic zones of Ukraine does not fully ensure the effective use of bioclimatic and economic potential to increase grain production. And this, in turn, necessitates further improvement of the location of this culture in some regions of the country. Since modern crop rotations include a very limited set of crops: winter wheat, corn, sunflower, partly winter oilseed rape and soybeans, it is difficult to choose the optimal or even acceptable precursors for corn. Maize is often grown after winter wheat, but this precursor is lacking because it is used for sowing sunflower, winter oilseed rape and soybeans. If re-cultivation of other crops is not allowed, then corn can withstand such crops. Therefore, part of the corn crop is re-sown after corn for two or three or even more years. In repeated crops, the rate of application of mineral fertilizers can increase by 20-30%. Prolonged use of such mineral fertilizers can cause contamination of soils and products with heavy metals, nitrates and other toxicants, acidify or alkalize the soil reaction. Also, monoculture cultivation of corn causes deterioration of the phytosanitary condition of the agroecosystem, in particular the spread of pests, diseases, specific weed species resistant to herbicides. A problem that has spread in recent years is the intensive development of the meadow butterfly, which causes the complete destruction of corn seedlings. This requires intensifying the protection of corn from pests that also affect the ecological state of the agroecosystem.
{"title":"ECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF REPEATED CORN CROPS IN UKRAINE","authors":"О. Tkachuk, M. Bondarenko","doi":"10.37128/2707-5826-2022-1-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2707-5826-2022-1-13","url":null,"abstract":"Overthe past 10 years, the area under corn in Ukraine has more than doubled and now stands at about 5 million hectares. At the same time, according to the results of scientific recommendations, the optimal area for sowing corn for grain and silage in Ukraine should be within 3 million hectares. Until now, the question of the optimal location of corn crops for grain in Ukraine is controversial. It is established that currently the placement of grain corn in the natural and economic zones of Ukraine does not fully ensure the effective use of bioclimatic and economic potential to increase grain production. And this, in turn, necessitates further improvement of the location of this culture in some regions of the country. Since modern crop rotations include a very limited set of crops: winter wheat, corn, sunflower, partly winter oilseed rape and soybeans, it is difficult to choose the optimal or even acceptable precursors for corn. Maize is often grown after winter wheat, but this precursor is lacking because it is used for sowing sunflower, winter oilseed rape and soybeans. If re-cultivation of other crops is not allowed, then corn can withstand such crops. Therefore, part of the corn crop is re-sown after corn for two or three or even more years. In repeated crops, the rate of application of mineral fertilizers can increase by 20-30%. Prolonged use of such mineral fertilizers can cause contamination of soils and products with heavy metals, nitrates and other toxicants, acidify or alkalize the soil reaction. Also, monoculture cultivation of corn causes deterioration of the phytosanitary condition of the agroecosystem, in particular the spread of pests, diseases, specific weed species resistant to herbicides. A problem that has spread in recent years is the intensive development of the meadow butterfly, which causes the complete destruction of corn seedlings. This requires intensifying the protection of corn from pests that also affect the ecological state of the agroecosystem.","PeriodicalId":7511,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86980870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-29DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826-2022-1-4
O. Mazur, Roman Stashevsky
As a result of this research, a number of variety varieties have been identified, which are distinguished by a set of valuable economic traits. The differences of variety samples were established by a comparative evaluation of the manifestation of traits in comparison with the standard. Among the bean varieties under study, 25 pieces were classified as early-ripening (27.8%). (27.8%), medium-early - 36.0 pcs. (40.0%), medium-ripening - 18.0 pcs. - (20%) and medium-early - 11 pcs. (12,2%). Common bean varieties with high attachment of the lower beans on the plant were identified. Among the totality of the original material submitted varieties were: UD0302930 (Ukraine) - 16.7 cm, UD0302957 (Ukraine) - 16.5 cm, UD0301502 (Ukraine) - 16.0 cm, Local 2 (Ukraine) - 15.6 cm. Compared with the standard, only cultivars UD0302930 (Ukraine) and UD0302957 (Ukraine) significantly exceeded the standard in terms of the height of lower bean attachment. The number of seeds per plant is a derived trait of the number of beans, so the varieties with the highest number of beans were also characterized by higher rates of seed number per plant. Consequently, UD0300411 (Romania) with 45.7 and UD0301736 with 44.2 seeds per plant were noted to have significantly exceeded the standard in this indicator. At level with the standard number of seeds per plant was found in samples UD0301043 (Turkey), Local 1 (Ukraine) - 38.9 pcs. The quantitative expression of the trait 1000 grains weight is a confirmation of the previously reported material, that in order to form the maximum expression of the trait in grain legume crops, including common bean, parental forms are included in hybridization for the expression of yield structure elements slightly above the average in the whole sample. That is, the varieties that stood out both in the number of beans per plant and the number of seeds per plant were inferior to other samples, in which the number of beans and the number of seeds per plant were lower. The highest mass of 1000 grains was characterized by the variety samples UD0300227 (USA) - 248.3 g, UD0300782 (Ukraine) - 221.2 g, Local 1 (Ukraine) - 224.3 g, UD0303753 ) - 214.3 g, UD0301736 - 208.3 g. In terms of yield as well as grain productivity, the following varieties stood out: UD0300227 (USA) - 402 g, UD0301736 - 405 g, UD0300411 (Romania) - 391 g, Local 1 (Ukraine) - 3 (4) g, which exceeded the standard at a significant level.
{"title":"DIFFERENCES IN COMMON BEAN VARIETIES WITH RESPECT TO VALUABLE ECONOMIC TRAITS","authors":"O. Mazur, Roman Stashevsky","doi":"10.37128/2707-5826-2022-1-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2707-5826-2022-1-4","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of this research, a number of variety varieties have been identified, which are distinguished by a set of valuable economic traits. The differences of variety samples were established by a comparative evaluation of the manifestation of traits in comparison with the standard. Among the bean varieties under study, 25 pieces were classified as early-ripening (27.8%). (27.8%), medium-early - 36.0 pcs. (40.0%), medium-ripening - 18.0 pcs. - (20%) and medium-early - 11 pcs. (12,2%). Common bean varieties with high attachment of the lower beans on the plant were identified. Among the totality of the original material submitted varieties were: UD0302930 (Ukraine) - 16.7 cm, UD0302957 (Ukraine) - 16.5 cm, UD0301502 (Ukraine) - 16.0 cm, Local 2 (Ukraine) - 15.6 cm. Compared with the standard, only cultivars UD0302930 (Ukraine) and UD0302957 (Ukraine) significantly exceeded the standard in terms of the height of lower bean attachment.\u0000\u0000The number of seeds per plant is a derived trait of the number of beans, so the varieties with the highest number of beans were also characterized by higher rates of seed number per plant. Consequently, UD0300411 (Romania) with 45.7 and UD0301736 with 44.2 seeds per plant were noted to have significantly exceeded the standard in this indicator. At level with the standard number of seeds per plant was found in samples UD0301043 (Turkey), Local 1 (Ukraine) - 38.9 pcs. The quantitative expression of the trait 1000 grains weight is a confirmation of the previously reported material, that in order to form the maximum expression of the trait in grain legume crops, including common bean, parental forms are included in hybridization for the expression of yield structure elements slightly above the average in the whole sample. That is, the varieties that stood out both in the number of beans per plant and the number of seeds per plant were inferior to other samples, in which the number of beans and the number of seeds per plant were lower. The highest mass of 1000 grains was characterized by the variety samples UD0300227 (USA) - 248.3 g, UD0300782 (Ukraine) - 221.2 g, Local 1 (Ukraine) - 224.3 g, UD0303753 ) - 214.3 g, UD0301736 - 208.3 g. In terms of yield as well as grain productivity, the following varieties stood out: UD0300227 (USA) - 402 g, UD0301736 - 405 g, UD0300411 (Romania) - 391 g, Local 1 (Ukraine) - 3 (4) g, which exceeded the standard at a significant level.","PeriodicalId":7511,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90588818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-29DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826-2022-1-18
Valentyna Tynko
Plant yield depends on the size and productivity of the photosynthetic apparatus, which in the process of plant growth and development should reach optimal performance. The article presents the indicators of the photosynthetic apparatus of plants depending on varietal characteristics, application of mineral fertilizers and foliar fertilization. The highest indicators of leaf surface area were observed in the variant of joint application of mineral fertilizer at the dose of N30P30K30 and foliar fertilization of plants with microfertilizer Vuxal in the phase of plant emergence in the tube and in the phase of earing in varieties Aizhan and Aristey , 3; 53.9 and 52.4, which is higher compared to the control of 5.4 and 5.5 and 6.8 and 6.6 thousand m² / ha. Also in this version of the experiment the highest photosynthetic potential of spring barley plants in the phase of plant emergence in the tube and in the phase of earing in the varieties Aijan and Aristei photosynthetic potential of crops in the phase of milk-wax ripeness was 2,436 and 2,428; 2,464 and 2,451, which is higher than the control of 0.634 and 0.705 and 0.662 and 0.728 million g / m2 per day. The net productivity of photosynthesis increased in some interphase periods, namely from the period of tillering to earing under the influence of experimental variants. With the application of mineral fertilizer at a dose of N30P30K30 net productivity of photosynthesis in the period of exit into the earing tube was in the variety Aizhan - 4.1 g / m2 per day, and in the variety Aristey - 3.8 g / m2 per day, which is higher than in the control options at 1.3 and 1.1 g / m2 per day.With the joint application of mineral fertilizer at a dose of N30P30K30 and foliar fertilization of plants with microfertilizer Vuxal in the phase of emergence of plants in the tube and in the phase of the beginning of earing in varieties Aijan and Aristey net productivity of photosynthesis in the period of emergence in the earing tube was 4.4 and 4.1; 4.5 and 4.2, which is higher than the control of 1.6 and 1.4 and 1.7 and 1.5 g / m2 per day.
植物的产量取决于光合机构的大小和生产力，光合机构在植物生长发育过程中应达到最佳性能。本文从品种特点、矿质肥的施用和叶面施肥等方面介绍了植物光合器官的各项指标。以矿肥N30P30K30与微量肥Vuxal在管状出芽期和抽穗期叶面施肥的变化为例，爱展、阿斯泰、3品种的叶表面积指标最高;53.9和52.4，高于对照组的5.4和5.5以及6.8和6.6万平方米/公顷。同样在本版本的试验中，春大麦品种在管状植株出苗期和抽穗期的光合势最高，Aijan和Aristei品种在乳蜡成熟期的光合势最高，分别为2436和2428;2,464和2,451，高于对照组的0.634、0.705、0.662和0.728万g / m2 / d。在试验变异体的影响下，光合净生产力在某些间期，即从分蘖期到抽穗期有所增加。在N30P30K30矿物肥用量下，艾展品种进入穗管期的光合净生产力为4.1 g / m2 / d，阿斯提品种为3.8 g / m2 / d，高于对照品种的1.3和1.1 g / m2 / d。以N30P30K30为剂量施用矿物肥，并在试管出苗期和开始抽穗期用微量肥Vuxal对植株进行叶面施肥，爱坚和阿利斯品种试管出苗期光合净生产力分别为4.4和4.1;4.5和4.2，高于对照组的1.6、1.4和1.7、1.5 g / m2 / d。
{"title":"PHOTOSYNTHETIC PRODUCTIVITY OF SPRING BARLEY CROPS DEPENDING ON FERTILIZATION AND FERROUS FERTILIZATION","authors":"Valentyna Tynko","doi":"10.37128/2707-5826-2022-1-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2707-5826-2022-1-18","url":null,"abstract":"Plant yield depends on the size and productivity of the photosynthetic apparatus, which in the process of plant growth and development should reach optimal performance. The article presents the indicators of the photosynthetic apparatus of plants depending on varietal characteristics, application of mineral fertilizers and foliar fertilization. The highest indicators of leaf surface area were observed in the variant of joint application of mineral fertilizer at the dose of N30P30K30 and foliar fertilization of plants with microfertilizer Vuxal in the phase of plant emergence in the tube and in the phase of earing in varieties Aizhan and Aristey , 3; 53.9 and 52.4, which is higher compared to the control of 5.4 and 5.5 and 6.8 and 6.6 thousand m² / ha. Also in this version of the experiment the highest photosynthetic potential of spring barley plants in the phase of plant emergence in the tube and in the phase of earing in the varieties Aijan and Aristei photosynthetic potential of crops in the phase of milk-wax ripeness was 2,436 and 2,428; 2,464 and 2,451, which is higher than the control of 0.634 and 0.705 and 0.662 and 0.728 million g / m2 per day. The net productivity of photosynthesis increased in some interphase periods, namely from the period of tillering to earing under the influence of experimental variants. With the application of mineral fertilizer at a dose of N30P30K30 net productivity of photosynthesis in the period of exit into the earing tube was in the variety Aizhan - 4.1 g / m2 per day, and in the variety Aristey - 3.8 g / m2 per day, which is higher than in the control options at 1.3 and 1.1 g / m2 per day.With the joint application of mineral fertilizer at a dose of N30P30K30 and foliar fertilization of plants with microfertilizer Vuxal in the phase of emergence of plants in the tube and in the phase of the beginning of earing in varieties Aijan and Aristey net productivity of photosynthesis in the period of emergence in the earing tube was 4.4 and 4.1; 4.5 and 4.2, which is higher than the control of 1.6 and 1.4 and 1.7 and 1.5 g / m2 per day.","PeriodicalId":7511,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90943497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-29DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826-2022-1-2
Y. Shkatula
One of the main reasons for the decline in the yield of chickpea seeds is the high weediness of crops. It is determined by the potential stock of weed seeds in the soil and its long-term viability. The presence of large amounts of weed seeds in the soil creates significant problems for growing chickpeas. Therefore, the assessment of weed efficiency of any farming system or its component should be based on quantitative changes in potential soil weeds. The interaction between crops and weeds in chickpea crops has its own characteristics, because in the first period of the growing season they grow very slowly and have little effect on the conditions of weed growth, so there is a rapid growth of segetal vegetation. In the technology of growing chickpeas in the plant protection system traditionally use the chemical method. However, even with high efficiency, this method does not always give the desired results, there is a violation of ecological balance in agrocenoses, reduction of species biodiversity, contamination of soil and plants with chemicals, reducing product quality. Observance of agrotechnologies, constant phytosanitary monitoring, effective diagnostics and forecast of development and spread of harmful organisms in chickpea crops are important in ensuring proper phytosanitary condition. Regulation of weeds and their harmful effects in agrophytocenoses of chickpea drawing them to an economically harmless level is a significant condition in the technology of its cultivation. The main control of weeds is done at the beginning of the growing season, because at this time chickpeas grow very slowly, and are in the rosette phase for a long time, and therefore cannot withstand competition from weeds. To increase the yield of chickpea seeds, an important place in the technology of cultivation belongs to the use of herbicides and biological products. Inoculation of chickpea seeds with Rhizobophyte at a rate of 1 l / t and a biofungicide Biopolicide at a rate of 100 ml / t and application of soil herbicide Frontier Optima, 72% e. c., at a rate of 1.2 l / ha help to reduce weeds up to 91%, and the capacity to obtain a yield of chickpea seeds at 2.12 t / ha
鹰嘴豆种子产量下降的主要原因之一是作物杂草丛生。它是由土壤中杂草种子的潜在储量及其长期生存能力决定的。土壤中大量杂草种子的存在给鹰嘴豆的生长带来了严重的问题。因此，评估任何耕作制度或其组成部分的杂草效率应以潜在土壤杂草的数量变化为基础。鹰嘴豆作物中作物与杂草的相互作用有其自身的特点，因为在生长季节的第一阶段，它们生长非常缓慢，对杂草生长条件的影响很小，所以有一个快速生长的分叶植被。在植物保护系统中种植鹰嘴豆的技术传统上采用化学方法。然而，即使效率很高，这种方法也并不总是能得到预期的结果，它违反了农业园区的生态平衡，减少了物种生物多样性，土壤和植物被化学物质污染，降低了产品质量。遵守农业技术，持续进行植物检疫监测，有效诊断和预测有害生物在鹰嘴豆作物中的发展和传播，对于确保适当的植物检疫条件至关重要。控制杂草及其对鹰嘴豆农植园的有害影响，使其达到经济无害化水平是鹰嘴豆栽培技术的重要条件。杂草的主要控制是在生长季节开始时进行的，因为这个时候鹰嘴豆生长非常缓慢，并且长时间处于玫瑰花结期，因此无法承受来自杂草的竞争。为了提高鹰嘴豆种子的产量，在栽培技术中一个重要的地方是使用除草剂和生物制品。鹰嘴豆种子接种根瘤菌1 l / t和生物杀菌剂100 ml / t，施用土壤除草剂Frontier Optima, 72% e.c, 1.2 l /公顷，可减少杂草达91%，鹰嘴豆种子产量可达2.12 t /公顷
{"title":"IMPACT OF HERBICIDES ON THE FORMATION OF CHICKPEA YIELD","authors":"Y. Shkatula","doi":"10.37128/2707-5826-2022-1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2707-5826-2022-1-2","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main reasons for the decline in the yield of chickpea seeds is the high weediness of crops. It is determined by the potential stock of weed seeds in the soil and its long-term viability. The presence of large amounts of weed seeds in the soil creates significant problems for growing chickpeas. Therefore, the assessment of weed efficiency of any farming system or its component should be based on quantitative changes in potential soil weeds. The interaction between crops and weeds in chickpea crops has its own characteristics, because in the first period of the growing season they grow very slowly and have little effect on the conditions of weed growth, so there is a rapid growth of segetal vegetation. In the technology of growing chickpeas in the plant protection system traditionally use the chemical method. However, even with high efficiency, this method does not always give the desired results, there is a violation of ecological balance in agrocenoses, reduction of species biodiversity, contamination of soil and plants with chemicals, reducing product quality. Observance of agrotechnologies, constant phytosanitary monitoring, effective diagnostics and forecast of development and spread of harmful organisms in chickpea crops are important in ensuring proper phytosanitary condition. Regulation of weeds and their harmful effects in agrophytocenoses of chickpea drawing them to an economically harmless level is a significant condition in the technology of its cultivation. The main control of weeds is done at the beginning of the growing season, because at this time chickpeas grow very slowly, and are in the rosette phase for a long time, and therefore cannot withstand competition from weeds. To increase the yield of chickpea seeds, an important place in the technology of cultivation belongs to the use of herbicides and biological products. Inoculation of chickpea seeds with Rhizobophyte at a rate of 1 l / t and a biofungicide Biopolicide at a rate of 100 ml / t and application of soil herbicide Frontier Optima, 72% e. c., at a rate of 1.2 l / ha help to reduce weeds up to 91%, and the capacity to obtain a yield of chickpea seeds at 2.12 t / ha","PeriodicalId":7511,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86825391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-29DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826-2022-1-15
I. Didur
The article presents the results of research on the influence of varietal characteristics, soil liming, fertilizers on the formation of the leaf surface area. The use of microfertilizers Vuxal Extra CoMo for pre-sowing seed treatment, foliar fertilization with microfertilizers Vuxal Microplant during vegetative growth and Vuxal Calcium, Boron during budding provided against the background of control of increasing leaf area by increasing vegetative growth and surface growth rate -37% depending on the stage of plant development in vegetable varieties Skinado and Somerwood. Limeing also helped to increase the leaf surface area of plants from 2.5 to 7.8% depending on the phase of development, in our opinion due to the indirect effect on the reaction of soil solution and improving nitrogen fixation processes in the soil. The highest index of leaf surface of vegetable pea varieties was observed in the experimental variants, where against the background of control pre-sowing treatment of seeds with microfertilizer Vuxal Extra CoMo, foliar fertilization with microfertilizers Vuxal Microplant during vegetative growth and Vuxal Calcium, Boron, which changed from budding 1.15 to 1.17 in the Skinado variety and from 1.19 to 1.22 in the Somerwood variety. This was subsequently reflected in the indicators of the leaf index in the phase of flowering and bean formation. Leaf index in the phase of flowering and bean formation varied in Skinado variety from 1.58 to 1.59 and from 1.60 to 1.64.In the Somerwood variety in these phases, the leaf surface index was higher and varied from 1.64 to 1.68 in the flowering phase, and in the bean formation phase from 1.67 to 1.73. The content of chlorophyll in the leaves of vegetable peas largely depended on the phase of plant development, as well as the action of trace elements during seed treatment, foliar fertilization, and liming.
本文介绍了品种特征、土壤石灰、肥料对叶表面积形成影响的研究结果。在苗期施用Vuxal Extra CoMo微肥，营养生长期施用Vuxal Microplant微肥，出芽期施用Vuxal钙、硼微肥，根据不同的植株发育阶段，通过提高营养生长和表面生长速率(-37%)来控制叶面积的增加。石灰化还有助于植物叶表面积的增加，根据不同的发育阶段，从2.5%到7.8%，我们认为这是由于石灰化间接影响了土壤溶液的反应，改善了土壤的固氮过程。蔬菜豌豆品种的叶面指数最高，在播种前施用微量肥Vuxal Extra CoMo、营养生长期叶面施用微量肥Vuxal Microplant和Vuxal Calcium, Boron的对照处理背景下，Skinado品种的出芽指数从1.15变化到1.17,Somerwood品种的出芽指数从1.19变化到1.22。这随后反映在开花和成豆期的叶指数指标上。开花和成豆期叶指数分别为1.58 ~ 1.59和1.60 ~ 1.64。在这两个时期，萨默伍德品种的叶面指数较高，开花期为1.64 ~ 1.68，豆荚期为1.67 ~ 1.73。蔬菜豌豆叶片叶绿素含量在很大程度上取决于植物发育阶段，以及种子处理、叶面施肥和石灰处理过程中微量元素的作用。
{"title":"DYNAMICS OF SHEET SURFACE AREA OF PEAS DEPENDENCE DEPENDING ON VARIETY FEATURES, SOIL LIMITATION AND NUTRITIONAL SYSTEM","authors":"I. Didur","doi":"10.37128/2707-5826-2022-1-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2707-5826-2022-1-15","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of research on the influence of varietal characteristics, soil liming, fertilizers on the formation of the leaf surface area. The use of microfertilizers Vuxal Extra CoMo for pre-sowing seed treatment, foliar fertilization with microfertilizers Vuxal Microplant during vegetative growth and Vuxal Calcium, Boron during budding provided against the background of control of increasing leaf area by increasing vegetative growth and surface growth rate -37% depending on the stage of plant development in vegetable varieties Skinado and Somerwood. Limeing also helped to increase the leaf surface area of plants from 2.5 to 7.8% depending on the phase of development, in our opinion due to the indirect effect on the reaction of soil solution and improving nitrogen fixation processes in the soil. The highest index of leaf surface of vegetable pea varieties was observed in the experimental variants, where against the background of control pre-sowing treatment of seeds with microfertilizer Vuxal Extra CoMo, foliar fertilization with microfertilizers Vuxal Microplant during vegetative growth and Vuxal Calcium, Boron, which changed from budding 1.15 to 1.17 in the Skinado variety and from 1.19 to 1.22 in the Somerwood variety. This was subsequently reflected in the indicators of the leaf index in the phase of flowering and bean formation. Leaf index in the phase of flowering and bean formation varied in Skinado variety from 1.58 to 1.59 and from 1.60 to 1.64.In the Somerwood variety in these phases, the leaf surface index was higher and varied from 1.64 to 1.68 in the flowering phase, and in the bean formation phase from 1.67 to 1.73. The content of chlorophyll in the leaves of vegetable peas largely depended on the phase of plant development, as well as the action of trace elements during seed treatment, foliar fertilization, and liming.","PeriodicalId":7511,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85400503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-29DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826-2022-1-8
S. Okrushko
The article summarizes the results of a three-year study on the feasibility and effectiveness of the use of herbicides of soil and insurance action and microfertilizer Quantum - Molybdenum Chelate on the infestation and yield of soybeans. It was established that in the agrophytocenosis of soybean, a mixed type of infestation was formed, in which dicotyledonous young weeds predominated. Weed control efficiency was 75.5% 60 days after application of Frontier Optima. Spraying crops with the insurance herbicide Korum (1.5 l / ha + surfactant Metholate 1.0 l / ha) reduced the number of weeds in soybean crops by 89.5%. Consistent application of the soil herbicide Frontier Optima (1.0 l/ha) and the insurance herbicide Corum (1.5 l/ha + surfactant Metolate 1.0 l/ha) made it possible to destroy up to 98.9% of weeds compared to the control variant, where there was a natural background of clogging. The combination of the use of the above herbicides with the concentrated molybdenum microfertilizer Quantum-Chelate Molybdenum provided the best conditions for the growth and development of soybean plants. The amount of undesirable vegetation did not change in the areas where the microfertilizer was applied. But the air-dry mass of weeds was lower by 17.1-32.4%. The average soybean yield for three years of research on the variants where herbicides were applied compared to the control was significantly higher. When crops were sprayed with Frontier Optima herbicide (1.0 l/ha), it was 2.26 t/ha, and with Korum herbicide (1.5 l/ha + surfactant Metolate 1.0 l/ha) - 2.75 t/ha . With the sequential application of Frontier Optima (1.0 l/ha) and Corum (1.5 l/ha + surfactant Metolate 1.0 l/ha), the soybean yield was the highest and amounted to 2.94 t/ha.The highest content of proteins and oil was in the variant of sequential application of herbicides Frontier Optima (1.0 l/ha) and Corum (1.5 l/ha + surfactant Metolate 1.0 l/ha) - respectively 33.3% and 22.5 %. As a result of the treatment of crops on a herbicidal background with microfertilizer Quantum - Molybdenum Chelate, an increase in the weight of 1000 seeds by 2 g and the content of proteins and oil by 0.6% was noted.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF HERBICIDES AND FERTILIZER ON POLLUTION AND YIELD OF SOYBEAN","authors":"S. Okrushko","doi":"10.37128/2707-5826-2022-1-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2707-5826-2022-1-8","url":null,"abstract":"The article summarizes the results of a three-year study on the feasibility and effectiveness of the use of herbicides of soil and insurance action and microfertilizer Quantum - Molybdenum Chelate on the infestation and yield of soybeans. It was established that in the agrophytocenosis of soybean, a mixed type of infestation was formed, in which dicotyledonous young weeds predominated. Weed control efficiency was 75.5% 60 days after application of Frontier Optima. Spraying crops with the insurance herbicide Korum (1.5 l / ha + surfactant Metholate 1.0 l / ha) reduced the number of weeds in soybean crops by 89.5%. Consistent application of the soil herbicide Frontier Optima (1.0 l/ha) and the insurance herbicide Corum (1.5 l/ha + surfactant Metolate 1.0 l/ha) made it possible to destroy up to 98.9% of weeds compared to the control variant, where there was a natural background of clogging. The combination of the use of the above herbicides with the concentrated molybdenum microfertilizer Quantum-Chelate Molybdenum provided the best conditions for the growth and development of soybean plants. The amount of undesirable vegetation did not change in the areas where the microfertilizer was applied. But the air-dry mass of weeds was lower by 17.1-32.4%. The average soybean yield for three years of research on the variants where herbicides were applied compared to the control was significantly higher. When crops were sprayed with Frontier Optima herbicide (1.0 l/ha), it was 2.26 t/ha, and with Korum herbicide (1.5 l/ha + surfactant Metolate 1.0 l/ha) - 2.75 t/ha . With the sequential application of Frontier Optima (1.0 l/ha) and Corum (1.5 l/ha + surfactant Metolate 1.0 l/ha), the soybean yield was the highest and amounted to 2.94 t/ha.The highest content of proteins and oil was in the variant of sequential application of herbicides Frontier Optima (1.0 l/ha) and Corum (1.5 l/ha + surfactant Metolate 1.0 l/ha) - respectively 33.3% and 22.5 %. As a result of the treatment of crops on a herbicidal background with microfertilizer Quantum - Molybdenum Chelate, an increase in the weight of 1000 seeds by 2 g and the content of proteins and oil by 0.6% was noted.","PeriodicalId":7511,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85362830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-29DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826-2022-1-1
O. Tkachuk, I. Didur, Anna Pantsyreva
Medium-ripe soybean varieties in the State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for Distribution in Ukraine in 2021 are represented by 31 varieties. Drought resistance of medium-ripe soybean varieties was 6–9 points. The most drought-resistant varieties were Sandina, Panonka, ES Pallador, and the least drought-resistant were Valentia, KSB 938 – 6 points each, Poltava – 7 points. The seed yield of medium-ripe soybean varieties is 18.0–34.6 c / ha. The most productive varieties were EC Pallador – 34.6 с / ha, Stein 14F06 – 34.1 с / ha, Stein 17Zh32 –33.6 с / ha, Stein 15I63, Stein 13Zh23 – 32.6 с / ha, Amphora – 32.0 c / ha. The lowest yields were Banjo KS – 18.0 c / ha, SG Ayder, Morevia – 20.0 c / ha, Irina – 20.1 c / ha, Valentia – 20.2 c / ha, Kent – 20.4 c / ha. Saidin soybean varieties had the highest protein content in seeds – 42.1%, Amphora, Stein 17Zh32 – 41.6% each, Banjo KS, SG SR Picor – 41.5% each, Stein 11X02 – 41.4%. Apollo varieties had the lowest protein content in seeds – 34.0%, Valentia – 35.7%, Masha – 36.0%, Vasylkivska – 36.1%. The highest fat content in the seeds had medium-ripe varieties of soybean Valentia – 24.3%, Vasylkivska – 23.5%, Tena – 23.4%, Apollo – 23.2%. The least fat was contained in the seeds of varieties Stein 17Zh32 – 19.9%, EC Pallador, Stein 14F06 – 20.2%. Medium-late soybean varieties in the State Register of plant varieties suitable for distribution in 2021 included only 4. The most drought-resistant variety was Svyatogor – 9 points, other varieties had a drought resistance score of 8. The most productive was soybean variety Stein 20F26 – 29.4 с / ha. The lowest yields were Svyatogor – 22.6 c / ha and Kristina – 22.7 c / ha. The highest protein content was in the seeds of Ananda – 39.7% and Christina – 39.0%, and the lowest – in the variety Svyatogor – 37.3%. The highest fat content – 22.0% had the variety Ananda, and the lowest fat content was the varieties Christina – 20.7% and Stein 20F26 – 20.9%.
在2021年适合在乌克兰销售的植物品种国家登记册中，有31个中熟大豆品种。中熟大豆品种抗旱性为6 ~ 9点。抗旱性最好的品种是桑地那、帕农卡、ES Pallador，抗旱性最差的品种是瓦伦提亚、KSB 938各6分，波尔塔瓦各7分。中熟大豆品种籽粒产量为18.0 ~ 34.6 c / ha。产量最高的品种为EC Pallador - 34.6 c / ha、Stein 14F06 - 34.1 c / ha、Stein 17Zh32 - 33.6 c / ha、Stein 15I63、Stein 13Zh23 - 32.6 c / ha、Amphora - 32.0 c / ha。产量最低的品种为班卓KS 18.0 c / ha、SG Ayder、Morevia 20.0 c / ha、伊琳娜20.1 c / ha、瓦伦提亚20.2 c / ha、肯特20.4 c / ha。大豆品种籽粒蛋白质含量最高，分别为42.1%、Amphora、Stein 17Zh32、Banjo KS、SG SR Picor、Stein 11X02、41.4%。阿波罗品种籽粒蛋白质含量最低，为34.0%，瓦伦西亚为35.7%，玛莎为36.0%，瓦斯基夫斯卡为36.1%。籽粒脂肪含量最高的中熟品种分别为:Valentia 24.3%、Vasylkivska 23.5%、Tena 23.4%、Apollo 23.2%。脂肪含量最低的品种为Stein 17Zh32 - 19.9%、EC Pallador、Stein 14F06 - 20.2%。在国家登记的适于2021年发行的植物品种中，中晚大豆品种仅包括4个。抗旱性最高的品种为斯维亚托戈9分，其余品种抗旱性均为8分。产量最高的是大豆品种Stein 20F26 - 29.4株/公顷。产量最低的是Svyatogor (22.6 c / ha)和Kristina (22.7 c / ha)。蛋白质含量最高的品种为阿南达(39.7%)和克里斯蒂娜(39.0%)，最低的品种为Svyatogor(37.3%)。脂肪含量最高的品种为阿南达(22.0%)，脂肪含量最低的品种为克里斯蒂娜(20.7%)和斯坦因20F26(20.9%)。
{"title":"ECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF MEDIUM-RATING AND MEDIUM-LATE-RATING SOYBEAN VARIETIES","authors":"O. Tkachuk, I. Didur, Anna Pantsyreva","doi":"10.37128/2707-5826-2022-1-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2707-5826-2022-1-1","url":null,"abstract":"Medium-ripe soybean varieties in the State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for Distribution in Ukraine in 2021 are represented by 31 varieties. Drought resistance of medium-ripe soybean varieties was 6–9 points. The most drought-resistant varieties were Sandina, Panonka, ES Pallador, and the least drought-resistant were Valentia, KSB 938 – 6 points each, Poltava – 7 points. The seed yield of medium-ripe soybean varieties is 18.0–34.6 c / ha. The most productive varieties were EC Pallador – 34.6 с / ha, Stein 14F06 – 34.1 с / ha, Stein 17Zh32 –33.6 с / ha, Stein 15I63, Stein 13Zh23 – 32.6 с / ha, Amphora – 32.0 c / ha. The lowest yields were Banjo KS – 18.0 c / ha, SG Ayder, Morevia – 20.0 c / ha, Irina – 20.1 c / ha, Valentia – 20.2 c / ha, Kent – 20.4 c / ha. Saidin soybean varieties had the highest protein content in seeds – 42.1%, Amphora, Stein 17Zh32 – 41.6% each, Banjo KS, SG SR Picor – 41.5% each, Stein 11X02 – 41.4%. Apollo varieties had the lowest protein content in seeds – 34.0%, Valentia – 35.7%, Masha – 36.0%, Vasylkivska – 36.1%. The highest fat content in the seeds had medium-ripe varieties of soybean Valentia – 24.3%, Vasylkivska – 23.5%, Tena – 23.4%, Apollo – 23.2%. The least fat was contained in the seeds of varieties Stein 17Zh32 – 19.9%, EC Pallador, Stein 14F06 – 20.2%. Medium-late soybean varieties in the State Register of plant varieties suitable for distribution in 2021 included only 4. The most drought-resistant variety was Svyatogor – 9 points, other varieties had a drought resistance score of 8. The most productive was soybean variety Stein 20F26 – 29.4 с / ha. The lowest yields were Svyatogor – 22.6 c / ha and Kristina – 22.7 c / ha. The highest protein content was in the seeds of Ananda – 39.7% and Christina – 39.0%, and the lowest – in the variety Svyatogor – 37.3%. The highest fat content – 22.0% had the variety Ananda, and the lowest fat content was the varieties Christina – 20.7% and Stein 20F26 – 20.9%.","PeriodicalId":7511,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84871589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-29DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826-2022-1-10
V. Prokopchuk, I. Palamarchuk
The results of researches of influence of biological preparations on biometric parameters of plants and productivity of table beet are resulted. The influence of biological preparations on the phases of growth and development of table beet plants, its yield and biometric parameters of products is established. Treatment of plants with the biological complex Organic Balance + Azotophyte + Liposomes accelerated the phenological phases of growth and development of table beet plants. As a result of measuring the height of plants, an increase in control over the treatment of plants with biological products was detected, in particular in the variety Red Ball Organic Balance + Azotophyte + Liposam provided an increase of 1.0 cm relative to control. The increase in plant height in the Pablo F1 hybrid was 2.2 cm with the use of Organic Balance + Azotophyte + Liposam. The largest number of leaves was observed for the treatment of plants Organic Balance + Nitrogen + Liposomes: in the variety Red Ball growth relative to the variant without treatment was 2.3 pcs / plant, in the hybrid Pablo F1 - 2.8 pcs / plant. Treatment of plants Organic Balance + Azotophyte + Liposam contributed to an increase in leaf area by 0.09 dm2 / plant in the variety Red Ball, 0.22 dm2 / plant in the hybrid Pablo F1. The use of Humifrend + Azotofit + Liposam also contributed to the increase of this indicator with an increase relative to the controls of 0.06 and 0.15 dm2 / plant, respectively. The influence of biological preparations on the biometric parameters of plants was established in the phase of intensive root growth. The largest biometric parameters in the phase of intensive root growth were recorded during the treatment of plants Organic Balance + Azotophyte + Liposam. In particular, the height of plants treated with Organic Balance + Azotophyte + Liposam increased by 2.2 and 3.1 cm compared to the untreated options. A slightly smaller increase in this indicator was recorded for treatments of plants Humifrend + Azotofit + Liposam - 0.8 and 1.0 cm, respectively. The number of leaves also increased during the treatment of plants with biological products. In the Pablo F1 hybrid, this figure was higher than the Red Ball variety - 16.0 - 18.7 units / plant. The use of Organic Balance + Azotophyte + Liposam provided an increase in the number of leaves by 2.8 pcs / plant relative to control, for the treatment of plants Humifrend + Azotophyte + Liposam increase was 1.8 pcs / plant. The positive effect of the use of biologicals was observed taking into account the area of leaves. With the use of Organic Balance + Azotophyte + Liposam, this figure in the studied varieties and hybrids increased by 0.8-1.3 thousand m2 / ha, respectively, compared with the control. Slightly less growth of this indicator was observed for the treatment of plants Humifrend + Azotofit + Liposam 0.3-0.7 thousand m2 / ha, respectively. The highest indicators of biometric parameters of plants were observed in
{"title":"ESTIMATION OF YIELD OF TABLE BEET FOR USE OF BIOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FOREST-STEPPE OF THE RIGHT BANK OF UKRAINE","authors":"V. Prokopchuk, I. Palamarchuk","doi":"10.37128/2707-5826-2022-1-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2707-5826-2022-1-10","url":null,"abstract":"The results of researches of influence of biological preparations on biometric parameters of plants and productivity of table beet are resulted. The influence of biological preparations on the phases of growth and development of table beet plants, its yield and biometric parameters of products is established. Treatment of plants with the biological complex Organic Balance + Azotophyte + Liposomes accelerated the phenological phases of growth and development of table beet plants. As a result of measuring the height of plants, an increase in control over the treatment of plants with biological products was detected, in particular in the variety Red Ball Organic Balance + Azotophyte + Liposam provided an increase of 1.0 cm relative to control. The increase in plant height in the Pablo F1 hybrid was 2.2 cm with the use of Organic Balance + Azotophyte + Liposam. The largest number of leaves was observed for the treatment of plants Organic Balance + Nitrogen + Liposomes: in the variety Red Ball growth relative to the variant without treatment was 2.3 pcs / plant, in the hybrid Pablo F1 - 2.8 pcs / plant. Treatment of plants Organic Balance + Azotophyte + Liposam contributed to an increase in leaf area by 0.09 dm2 / plant in the variety Red Ball, 0.22 dm2 / plant in the hybrid Pablo F1. The use of Humifrend + Azotofit + Liposam also contributed to the increase of this indicator with an increase relative to the controls of 0.06 and 0.15 dm2 / plant, respectively. The influence of biological preparations on the biometric parameters of plants was established in the phase of intensive root growth. The largest biometric parameters in the phase of intensive root growth were recorded during the treatment of plants Organic Balance + Azotophyte + Liposam. In particular, the height of plants treated with Organic Balance + Azotophyte + Liposam increased by 2.2 and 3.1 cm compared to the untreated options. A slightly smaller increase in this indicator was recorded for treatments of plants Humifrend + Azotofit + Liposam - 0.8 and 1.0 cm, respectively. \u0000\u0000The number of leaves also increased during the treatment of plants with biological products. In the Pablo F1 hybrid, this figure was higher than the Red Ball variety - 16.0 - 18.7 units / plant. The use of Organic Balance + Azotophyte + Liposam provided an increase in the number of leaves by 2.8 pcs / plant relative to control, for the treatment of plants Humifrend + Azotophyte + Liposam increase was 1.8 pcs / plant. The positive effect of the use of biologicals was observed taking into account the area of leaves. With the use of Organic Balance + Azotophyte + Liposam, this figure in the studied varieties and hybrids increased by 0.8-1.3 thousand m2 / ha, respectively, compared with the control. Slightly less growth of this indicator was observed for the treatment of plants Humifrend + Azotofit + Liposam 0.3-0.7 thousand m2 / ha, respectively. The highest indicators of biometric parameters of plants were observed in ","PeriodicalId":7511,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86221025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-24DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826-2021-4-12
O. Tsyhanska
Lavandula angustifolia has a great economic importance in perfumery, cosmetics, food manufacturing, aromatherapy, and pharmaceutical industry. This species finds its phytosociological optimum in the sub-Mediterranean region. Latitudinal and altitudinal gradients are expected to affect species diversification in peripheral alpine populations. In this study, phenotypic traits including morphometric parameters, volatile organic compounds and essential oils were analyzed in lavender peripheral populations selected in order to explore different ecological conditions. Plants were cultivated under uniform conditions to observe variations due to the genetic adaptation to native environments and to exclude the short-term response to environmental factors. According to the research, the peculiarities of the regenerative ability of Lavandula angustifolia lavender, which was propagated vegetatively by grafting, were established. Also, the influence of stimulating drugs for rooting, namely, treatment of cuttings with their solutions (Charcor, Heteroauxin, Emistim C, Epin-extra) was determined. The percentage of rooting cuttings of lavender narrow-leaved depending on the type of growth regulator. The influence of growth of regulating preparations for plants on specificity of formation of such morphometric indicators of rooted cuttings, as the linear sizes of an above-ground part, number and the linear sizes of the formed roots is carried out. These morphometric indicators are the basis for improving the efficiency of the vegetative method of propagation of lavender. This creates a prerequisite for the widespread use of ornamental plants, including lavender, for the needs of landscaping by simplifying the receipt of a sufficient amount of high quality planting material. After all, vegetative reproduction involves the preservation of all decorative features and properties of the mother plant. The issue of meeting the needs of the domestic market with the required amount of planting material of plants adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of the area remains extremely relevant. Improving the existing technological parameters of vegetative propagation of narrow-leaved lavender through the use of growth-regulating preparations for plants makes it possible to obtain high-quality and viable planting material. And this is a very important practical issue of ornamental nurseries, which requires careful study and analysis from a scientific point of view.
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Pub Date : 2021-12-24DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826-2021-4-16
O. Tkachuk, O. Levchuk, V. Kryzhanivsky
When worms process 1 ton of organic waste in terms of dry matter, 600 kg of biohumus is obtained, and the remaining 400 kg are transformed into 100 kg of complete protein in the form of worm biomass. Raw materials for biohumus in California worms, in addition to livestock and crop waste, can be fallen leaves, household organic waste and other organic and biological waste. The study and widespread use of the products of the California red worm is an extremely important task in the cultivation of biologically high-quality agricultural products, as it is possible to obtain high yields of environmentally friendly products without excessive use of synthetic fertilizers. The largest number of vermiculture of the California worm was found in the heated room - 348 individuals, while in the non-heated room they were 12.9% less - 303 individuals per box. The increase in the number of vermiculture of the California worm in the heated room was 42.5%, and in the unheated room - 34.0%. The weight of biohumus produced by California worms after 180 days of development in the heated room was 1647 g per container, which was 35.8% more than in the version of the development of worms in the unheated room. The use of compost in the cultivation of cabbage helped to increase its yield by 33.9%, and cucumbers - by 26.9%. The use of organic waste as a raw material for biohumus is a promising area for the development of organic farming. Breeding of red California worms of the genus Eisenia for processing organic waste should be carried out at a temperature of 23-25 ° C and use the products of their activity - compost for fertilizing vegetable crops, which provides a yield increase of 26.9-33.9%. The use of vermiculture products in organic farming is a powerful factor in improving the ecological state of the environment, as well as a necessary condition for the sustainable functioning of agroecosystems.
蠕虫处理1吨有机废物中的干物质，可获得600公斤的生物腐殖质，其余400公斤以蠕虫生物量的形式转化为100公斤的完整蛋白质。加州蠕虫生物腐殖质的原料，除了家畜和农作物废料外，还可以是落叶、家庭有机废物和其他有机和生物废物。加州红虫产品的研究和推广应用是培育生物优质农产品的一项极其重要的任务，因为它可以在不过量使用合成肥料的情况下获得高产量的环保产品。在加热房间中，加州蠕虫的孳生数量最多，为348只，而在非加热房间中，其孳生数量减少了12.9%，为303只/箱。加温室内加州虫的孳生量增加了42.5%，未加温室内增加了34.0%。加州蠕虫在加热室发育180天后产生的生物腐殖质重量为1647 g /容器，比在未加热室发育的版本增加了35.8%。在卷心菜和黄瓜的种植中使用堆肥使其产量分别提高了33.9%和26.9%。利用有机废弃物作为生物腐殖质的原料是有机农业发展的一个有前景的领域。在23 ~ 25℃的温度下选育爱森尼亚红虫处理有机废弃物，并将其活性产物——堆肥用于蔬菜作物施肥，可提高产量26.9 ~ 33.9%。在有机农业中使用蚯蚓养殖产品是改善环境生态状况的有力因素，也是农业生态系统可持续运作的必要条件。
{"title":"PRODUCTION OF CALIFORNIAN WORM BIOGUMUS DEPENDING ON THE CONDITIONS OF THEIR CONTAINMENT","authors":"O. Tkachuk, O. Levchuk, V. Kryzhanivsky","doi":"10.37128/2707-5826-2021-4-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37128/2707-5826-2021-4-16","url":null,"abstract":"When worms process 1 ton of organic waste in terms of dry matter, 600 kg of biohumus is obtained, and the remaining 400 kg are transformed into 100 kg of complete protein in the form of worm biomass. Raw materials for biohumus in California worms, in addition to livestock and crop waste, can be fallen leaves, household organic waste and other organic and biological waste. The study and widespread use of the products of the California red worm is an extremely important task in the cultivation of biologically high-quality agricultural products, as it is possible to obtain high yields of environmentally friendly products without excessive use of synthetic fertilizers. The largest number of vermiculture of the California worm was found in the heated room - 348 individuals, while in the non-heated room they were 12.9% less - 303 individuals per box. The increase in the number of vermiculture of the California worm in the heated room was 42.5%, and in the unheated room - 34.0%. The weight of biohumus produced by California worms after 180 days of development in the heated room was 1647 g per container, which was 35.8% more than in the version of the development of worms in the unheated room. The use of compost in the cultivation of cabbage helped to increase its yield by 33.9%, and cucumbers - by 26.9%. The use of organic waste as a raw material for biohumus is a promising area for the development of organic farming. Breeding of red California worms of the genus Eisenia for processing organic waste should be carried out at a temperature of 23-25 ° C and use the products of their activity - compost for fertilizing vegetable crops, which provides a yield increase of 26.9-33.9%. The use of vermiculture products in organic farming is a powerful factor in improving the ecological state of the environment, as well as a necessary condition for the sustainable functioning of agroecosystems.","PeriodicalId":7511,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77757490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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