Vertex (Buenos Aires, Argentina)最新文献

Reseña de la obra completa de Enrique Pichon-Rivière. Del psicoanálisis a la psicología social, 1967-1977. Establecimiento, Introducción y Notas: Fernando Fabris, con la colaboración de Joaquín Pichon-Rivière. Paidós, 2023.

Introducción: Materiales y métodos: Resultados:

Introduction: This research stems from certain obstacles in the implementation of the National Mental Health Law, especially at the primary care level and regarding emergency management, with or without certain and imminent risk. The scarcity of mental health intervention protocols and the perception that they could limit the clinical understandingof each critical situation are challenges identified in practice. However, protocols can be valuable organizational tools in complex circumstances. The literature emphasizes the need to accompany their implementation with training to prevent exclusively bureaucratic and dehumanized approaches.

Materials and methods: The purpose of this work was to address this gap, by developing an emergency mental health action protocol and training for first-level healthcare personnel in a territory of the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires. The research aimed to evaluate its effectiveness. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used to characterize interventions before the protocol's implementation, comparing them with those after training and protocol application.

Results: It was found that this device facilitated more appropriate responses in critical contexts and improved knowledge about resolution strategies that can be implemented within the framework of the National Mental Health Law. Additionally, it strengthened protective factors for the mental health of healthcare workers, such as the possibility to access to a strategy that aids in task organization, and teamwork.

Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe pathology that is characterized by the presence of delusions, hallucinations, negative symptoms, disorganization of thought and behavior. Although its prevalence in children under 13 years of age is very low, it increases substantially during the adolescence. When it develops before 18 years of age, it is called early-onset schizophrenia and represents 12-33 % of all individuals with this disorder. Drugs such as haloperidol, risperidone, paliperidone, aripiprazole, olanzapine, quetiapine, brexpiprazole, and lurasidone are Food and Drug Administration approved for the treatment of schizophrenia in adolescents. However, except for haloperidol, all pharmacological indications for this disorder in children under 13 years are off label. Although this practice it is not forbidden carries an additional risk. In the following article we will review the evidence of antipsychotics used for the treatment of schizophrenia in the pediatric population with the aim of synthesizing information with clinical applicability.

Introduction: The purpose of this research is to investigate the possible relationship between homelessness and mentalpathology in a population of women housed in a Social Inclusion Center of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina. There could be a clinical bias that characterizes homelessness as a consequence of a mental illness.

Methods: A group of women between 18 and 65 years of age, socially assisted in the Social Inclusion Center for women alone or with minor children “Azucena Villaflor” of the City of Buenos Aires, who in turn consult or have consulted in the past about their mental health before or after being homeless. An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional quantitative study was carried out, collecting primary data through semi-structured interviews, complementing the research with a qualitative approach using the narrative method through in-depth interviews.

Conclusion: There is no unicausal relationship between having a mental illness and being homeless. The job search, a form of re-entry into the productive system, is extremely difficult, due to the market itself, not due to the psychological state of the users. However, the fruitless search generates situations of frustration that, given the context of vulnerability in which they find themselves, can lead to mental health consultations.

Introduction: Suicide risk in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has emerged as a long-neglected issue. This revision aims to explore the prevalence, methods of assessment, and available treatments for suicide risk in this population.

Methods: A narrative review was carried out on three aspects related to the risk of suicide in the adult population with ASD: prevalence, evaluation and available evidence-based interventions. The bibliographic search was carried out using the Pubmed, Scielo, Dialnet and Psychinfo search engines, limited to articles published from 2010 onwards. In order to identify relevant literature, various combinations of keywords were used, such as “suicide risk,” “autism spectrum disorder,” and “suicide in autism,” in both Spanish and English.

Conclusions: The main findings suggest a high prevalence of suicide risk, highlighting the need of developing standardized protocols to assess such risk in the autistic population. Moreover, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy has shown promise as a therapeutic option to decrease suicidality, but further research is needed to establish its effectiveness and standardization as a treatment.

Writing as we know it today is a relatively new development in the cultural history of humanity. More current still is the massiveness of the literacy of the population. Since the origins of psychiatry, writing has been an inherent part of it in the medical literature, but it has also been a tool applied in practice in various formats, both for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. However, compared to the classic communication tools, such as speech, and in child psychiatry, also play and drawing, writing seems to have been relegated. In this bibliographical research, that would not have precedents of its kind, a historical overview of the subject was carried out from the emergence of psychiatry as a specialty to the present day; where events such as the World Wars, the evolution of the concept of disability or the COVID-19 pandemic seem to have played a key role in delimiting variables that characterize at least three historical periods and presuming a fourth in full gestation. The technological support with which it is written and the use and format given to writing were the main variables of the different periods. Being a time of very high demand in Mental Health, challenging in its accessibility and the massive use of writing from information technologies, this research would represent a significant contribution to the development of writing as a tool for the practice of psychiatry and mental health.

The present article aims to conduct a comprehensive review of the existing scientific literature on this human behavioral modality, impulsive and transient, which escapes the conscious control of the subject, from a psychopathological and forensic approach. To achieve this, historical points about the different nuances of the topic will be made, supplying a panoramic and critical overview of it. It can be said that these are implicit memories about past traumatic situations that, because of a present reenactment of the unpleasant event through a dissociative mechanism, generate in the individual an impulsive aggressive reaction, over which the person has no control or awareness. This type of behavior opens the debate, within the framework of Forensic Psychology and Psychiatry, about the defendants' ability, under these circumstances, to understand the criminality of the act and direct their actions, posing a controversial challenge to the criteria of different courts. Similarly, it is necessary to understand these behaviors, develop more proper prevention strategies, propose new therapeutic approaches to psychological trauma, and intervene in these criminal behaviors that endanger society's safety and well-being.

Lithium is an alkaline metal, used for more than 60 years in psychiatry, and currently considered the gold standard in the treatment of bipolar disorder (BD). According to recent evidence, this active ingredient is useful for the treatment of a wide spectrum of clinical varieties of affective disorders. In addition, it is estimated that lithium reduces the risk of suicide and suicidal behavior in people with mood disorders. On the other hand, some novel studies have shown that the cation has a potential efficacy for the treatment of other neuropsychiatric processes, such as the likelihood of reducingthe risk of dementia and slowing down the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Despite the enormous evidence in favor of the use of lithium, it is known that, in Argentina, medications containing it are prescribed less than expected. In view of all this, the Asociación Argentina de Psiquiatría Biológica (Argentine Association of Biological Psychiatry) (AAPB or AABP) convened a group of experts to review the available scientific literature and prepare an updated document on the management and use of lithium in neuropsychiatry. In addition to the use of the ion in daily clinical practice, thescope of this review includes other contents that have been considered of interest for the psychiatrist, such as certain pharmacological and pharmacogenetic aspects, possible clinical predictors of response to treatment with lithium, management of ion during perinatal period, management of lithium in child and adolescent population, management of adverse effects linked to cation and interactions with drugs and other substances.