Bilten za hematologiju i transfuziju最新文献

RhoD antigen was isolated from human erythrocytes using membrane solubilization by 2-mercaptoethanol and nonionic detergents BRIJ 35. Initial treatment of membrane using water at pH 12, failed to solubilize D antigen, which proved that D antigen is an integral protein of erythrocyte membrane. D antigen molecule mass was investigated by ultrafiltration and gelfiltration. Molecular mass was determined by ultrafiltration in the range of 10-20 000 daltons, and by gelfiltration on Sephacryl S--200 as 32 700. Using gelfiltration on Sephadex G-25, D antigen molecular mass was determined to be less than 25 000 and was approximately 14 000 daltons. Discrepancy between those two ways of determination by gelfiltration and ultrafiltration could be explained by the possibility that D antigen globularity is practically unexpressed.

The work presents results of the investigations of blood derivatives--F VIII concentrates: commercial cryoprecipitate, concentrate of intermediary purity and derivatives of high purity: Kriobulin--Immuno, Octobulin--Landerlan, Profilate--Alfa, Factor VIII--Behring, Hemofil--Hyland, Factorate--Armour Pharma, AHF--Kaote Cutter. The following parameters were investigated: VIII: C, VIIIR: Ag, total protein, protein electrophoresis, IgG, IgA and IgM immunoglobulins and anti-A and anti-B isoagglutinins. All derivatives except cyroprecipitate have considerably higher VIIIR: RAg value compared with VIII: C, which indicated inactivation of labile VIII: C component during concentrate preparation. Specific activity varied depending on purity of preparations, but ranged from 1,72 to 22. High isoagglutinin titer of anti-A was noted in preparations of high purity, as well as the presence of immunoglobulins. Despite considerable differences in vitro, all concentrated derivatives F VIII have similar immediate clinical effect and recovery from 0,87 to 1,36. All results indicate that new ways of derivative F VIII purification should be found with lower degree of contamination of other plasma proteins and less risk of hepatitis virus transmission. When certain indications are recognized, cryoprecipitate produced in our country in all blood transfusion services should be used.

In normal conditions anti-A and anti-B agglutinins are seldom weak and very seldom they are completely absent. Agglutination reaction depends on temperature. It is intensified by treatment of erythrocytes with enzymes (papain) and is also dependent on genotype of the person investigated. Alterations are more frequently observed in anti-B agglutinin. Two cases with defective A and O blood groups are presented, with anti-B agglutinin missing at routine investigation. Treatment of erythrocytes at 4 degrees C with papain indicated the presence of anti-B agglutinin which has a weaker serological expression. Assessment of immunoglobulin concentration by laser nephelometry before and after adsorption and elution, also indicated the presence of this agglutinin.

The work presents certain groups of cases selected from more than 1500 triplets (father-mother-child) we tested from 1979. to 1984., in order to indicate certain dilemmas in making definite conclusions on disputed paternity. 55 cases of the first rule exclusions, using one system only were found to be definite; one conclusion on disputed paternity exclusion using Duffy system only was found to be correctly finished, although we should not recommend it; extention of the analysis set with HLA-A, B, C products determination significantly increases exclusion percentage of misjudged fathers; in the analyzed group of 22 exclusions where HLA antigens were determined, during the second stage or simultaneously with the determination of erythrocytes, we found 7 exclusions according to erythrocyte system, also confirmed according to HLA; 12 cases with exclusions according to HLA only, 3 cases with no exclusions either according to erythrocyte system or HLA; according to Duffy system we had two cases of apparent maternity exclusions.

The work presents classical form and variant of F XII deficiency. Although a rare disorder, F XII deficiency can lead to bleeding, particularly after injuries and surgeries. Further laboratory investigation of patients with pathological APTT is required.

Structure, physical and biochemical characteristics of albumin have already been investigated and described in full detail. Preparation of albumin solution preparations of various concentrations for human application started more than 40 years ago. Person deserving most credit for it is E. Cohn, who first used ethyl alcohol on low temperatures for the separation of certain fractions among which albumin took the largest part. Many modifications of Cohn's method are used today, though the most frequently used one is modification by Kistler and Nitschman. Some new methods appeared recently, ensuring higher degree of economy and efficacy, better yield of albumin and higher purity of final preparations. One of those methods--chromatography method--is recommended by Swedish authors (J. Curling et al.). Thanks to its multiple physiological functions and stability, albumin takes very important place in therapy of many diseases, both in peace and in states of emergency.

The present classification of some factors which are counted among the ubiquitary private and familiar as well as the rare and rarest antigens is shown. The classification of these antigens is often difficult. The distinguishing and systematisation of rare and rarest antigens requires of the investigator much consistency, responsibility and consideration as well as universal calmness so as not to bring too much confusion into an already broad palete of private and familiar antigens. Some antigens are frequently rearranged into already existing systems or even become independent. The authors boldly point out the variants of the ABO and Rh systems in which we meet with some ever so rare antigens, but which, as we know, are nevertheless not counted among the rare, in the sense of present comprehension. The practical value is pointed out and the need of improving our knowledge of ubiquitary, rare, familiar and private antigens in order to be able to master certain complications which these antigens would provoke in serology. In difficulties it is necessary to consult an experienced specialist in a well organised laboratory which possesses several different and reliable serums, the erythrocyte tests and a lot of experience.

Anthracycline antibiotic (Rubidomycin and Adriamycin) are often used for treatment of acute leukemia and variety of solid tumors. The use of greater doses of these agents is mostly limited by the damage of the cardiac muscle and by heart failure. The Rubidomycin cardiac toxicity analysis of children with acute leukemia has been considered in this paper. The results were obtained by investigating 53 patients who received this drug. They were classified in subgroups in relation to the total dose administered. Acute or chronic myocardial damage appeared in 6 children. The subgroup incidence of damage is directly proportional to the total dose administered.

A patient with two episodes of acute agranulocytosis was described. Recovery was followed by an unusually slow increase in the number of peripheral blood granulocytes in spite of the presence of granulocyte precursors in the bone marrow. High level of circulating immune complexes as well as an increased number of immunoglobulins on the surface of granulocyte membrane was demonstrated throughout the course of the disease. When the level of CIC and the number of Ig-NG decreased and attained normal values, the number of granulocytes increased rapidly. The possibility that immune complexes were responsible for this neutropenia was suggested.