Pub Date : 2023-02-09DOI: 10.11648/j.bs.20230901.12
Narad Prasad Thapaliya, Akin Jung Rayamajhi
: Vaginal hydrocele is one of the common reasons for surgical outpatient consultation. Surgery for vaginal hydrocele i.e. eversion of vaginal sac (EVS) is common elective intermediate operation mostly performed under local anesthesia. The aim of this study is to share vaginal hydrocele surgery in Lumbini Provincial Hospital (LPH), Butwal. This is a retrospective analysis of vaginal hydrocele surgery done over a period of five years (2012 to 2016) in LPH, Butwal was done after the approval from Hospital ethical committee. All required information was retrieved from the medical record section. Total 164 vaginal hydrocele surgery was done for different sizes during the study period. The number of cases increased in 2016 because of free hydrocele surgery programs conducted by government of Nepal was well informed to ordinary people. The age distribution of the operated patients was 15 years to 92 years and common in productive age (21-60 yrs) i.e. 78%. Most of the hydrocele surgeries were done under local anesthesia i.e, 129 (78%). Most common complications found post operatively were 2.5% haematoma, 7.5% surgical site infection (SSI), 10% scrotal oedema and 2% recurrence. In our study chylocele was found in 10 (6/9%) cases of hydrocele. No testicular malignancy and tuberculosis of epididymis found during study period. No fatality cases during our study period. Vaginal hydrocele surgery is one of the common intermediate and mostly day care elective surgery done under local anaesthesia with relatively satisfactory outcome in LPH, Butwal.
{"title":"Review of Vaginal Hydrocele Surgery in Lumbini Provincial Hospital over a Period of Five Years","authors":"Narad Prasad Thapaliya, Akin Jung Rayamajhi","doi":"10.11648/j.bs.20230901.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20230901.12","url":null,"abstract":": Vaginal hydrocele is one of the common reasons for surgical outpatient consultation. Surgery for vaginal hydrocele i.e. eversion of vaginal sac (EVS) is common elective intermediate operation mostly performed under local anesthesia. The aim of this study is to share vaginal hydrocele surgery in Lumbini Provincial Hospital (LPH), Butwal. This is a retrospective analysis of vaginal hydrocele surgery done over a period of five years (2012 to 2016) in LPH, Butwal was done after the approval from Hospital ethical committee. All required information was retrieved from the medical record section. Total 164 vaginal hydrocele surgery was done for different sizes during the study period. The number of cases increased in 2016 because of free hydrocele surgery programs conducted by government of Nepal was well informed to ordinary people. The age distribution of the operated patients was 15 years to 92 years and common in productive age (21-60 yrs) i.e. 78%. Most of the hydrocele surgeries were done under local anesthesia i.e, 129 (78%). Most common complications found post operatively were 2.5% haematoma, 7.5% surgical site infection (SSI), 10% scrotal oedema and 2% recurrence. In our study chylocele was found in 10 (6/9%) cases of hydrocele. No testicular malignancy and tuberculosis of epididymis found during study period. No fatality cases during our study period. Vaginal hydrocele surgery is one of the common intermediate and mostly day care elective surgery done under local anaesthesia with relatively satisfactory outcome in LPH, Butwal.","PeriodicalId":75599,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical sciences instrumentation","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84755727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.11648/j.bs.20230901.11
Gisela Maria Pita-Rodriguez, Beatriz Basabe-Tuero, Maria Elena Diaz-Sanchez, Karen Alfonso-Sagué, Ana Maria Gomez-Alvarez, M. Montero-Díaz, Cristina O. Chávez-Chong, E. Rodríguez-Martínez, Yoandy Diaz-Fuentes, Elisa Llera-Abreu, S. Jiménez-Acosta
{"title":"Anemia Is Related to Iron Deficiency and Inflammation, But No to Global Overweight in Cuban Preschool Children","authors":"Gisela Maria Pita-Rodriguez, Beatriz Basabe-Tuero, Maria Elena Diaz-Sanchez, Karen Alfonso-Sagué, Ana Maria Gomez-Alvarez, M. Montero-Díaz, Cristina O. Chávez-Chong, E. Rodríguez-Martínez, Yoandy Diaz-Fuentes, Elisa Llera-Abreu, S. Jiménez-Acosta","doi":"10.11648/j.bs.20230901.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20230901.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75599,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical sciences instrumentation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75116759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roma Desai, Jhonatam Cordeiro, B. Bastakoti, K. Dellinger
Hydrophobic surfaces provide special characteristics for biomedical applications ranging from tunable protein adsorption, cellular interactions, and hemocompatibility to antibacterial coatings. In this research, we biomimic the hair-like micro-whisker structures of magnolia leaf using a synthetic polymeric formulation. Optical and scanning electron microscopy images revealed the presence of micro-whiskers resulting in higher water contact angles. The top layer of the magnolia leaf had a contact angle of 50º as compared to the hydrophobic bottom layer at 98º. A synthetic polymeric formulation was coated on different materials to study its effect on hydrophobicity. The coating was replicated (n=3) on each of the materials used such as glass, polymer, fabric, wood, and stainless steel. A surface tensiometer was used to measure the transition from hydrophilic to hydrophobic interactions between water and the substrate materials. Contact angle measurements revealed an increase in hydrophobicity for all the materials from their original uncoated surface. Glass displayed the highest increase in contact angle from 37º to 90º. Phase analysis of the coated region was performed to characterize the surface exposure of glass substrate to the synthetic polymeric formulation. An increase in the coated region showed a significant increase in contact angle from 50º to 95º. This research lays the foundation to develop and understand hydrophobic coatings for several biomedical applications including non-fouling implant surfaces, lab-on-chip devices, and other diagnostic tools.
{"title":"BIOMIMICKING HYDROPHOBICITY USING MICROSCALE STRUCTURES FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS","authors":"Roma Desai, Jhonatam Cordeiro, B. Bastakoti, K. Dellinger","doi":"10.34107/lwwj5713177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34107/lwwj5713177","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrophobic surfaces provide special characteristics for biomedical applications ranging from tunable protein adsorption, cellular interactions, and hemocompatibility to antibacterial coatings. In this research, we biomimic the hair-like micro-whisker structures of magnolia leaf using a synthetic polymeric formulation. Optical and scanning electron microscopy images revealed the presence of micro-whiskers resulting in higher water contact angles. The top layer of the magnolia leaf had a contact angle of 50º as compared to the hydrophobic bottom layer at 98º. A synthetic polymeric formulation was coated on different materials to study its effect on hydrophobicity. The coating was replicated (n=3) on each of the materials used such as glass, polymer, fabric, wood, and stainless steel. A surface tensiometer was used to measure the transition from hydrophilic to hydrophobic interactions between water and the substrate materials. Contact angle measurements revealed an increase in hydrophobicity for all the materials from their original uncoated surface. Glass displayed the highest increase in contact angle from 37º to 90º. Phase analysis of the coated region was performed to characterize the surface exposure of glass substrate to the synthetic polymeric formulation. An increase in the coated region showed a significant increase in contact angle from 50º to 95º. This research lays the foundation to develop and understand hydrophobic coatings for several biomedical applications including non-fouling implant surfaces, lab-on-chip devices, and other diagnostic tools.","PeriodicalId":75599,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical sciences instrumentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45940051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Tavares, Minchan Shim, Ruchi Patil Borole, Vijay Mohakar, A. Sorkin, V. Reukov
Burn wounds are highly dangerous injuries with significant mortality rates. They are painful and increase the risk of bacterial infection. Burn wounds could also harm adjacent tissues by releasing dangerous compounds. Thus, their treatment should work quickly and effectively. Hydrogels are used as burn wound dressings that provide a suitable environment for regeneration. They closely imitate the structure of the skin’s extracellular matrix and have high water uptake properties, providing a moist environment for faster healing. Chitosan-PVA based hydrogels demonstrated antibacterial and healing effects on wounds. Nanoparticles of cerium oxide called nanoceria were shown to reduce local oxidative stress by decomposing reactive oxygen species. The goal of this study is to learn the effects of nanoceria infused chitosan-PVA hydrogels on wound regeneration. We characterized hydrogels with various chitosan-PVA ratios, crosslinked with tetraethyl orthosilicate. These trials improved the procedure for making hydrogels capable of maintaining a moist environment for better wound healing. Further experiments demonstrated the biocompatibility and antibacterial properties of the hydrogels crosslinked with glutaraldehyde, where 3T3 fibroblasts seeded on the hydrogels were shown to be viable and zone of inhibition tests performed with E. coli demonstrated the antibacterial capacity of the hydrogels. Future studies will determine the antioxidant capacity and further bioactive properties of the nanoceria infused hydrogel. Once the small-scale procedure is well established the proposed methods could be implemented in clinical applications to aid in burn wound recovery.
{"title":"NANOCERIA INFUSED CHITOSAN-PVA HYDROGELS TO TREAT BURN WOUNDS","authors":"L. Tavares, Minchan Shim, Ruchi Patil Borole, Vijay Mohakar, A. Sorkin, V. Reukov","doi":"10.34107/lwwj5713208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34107/lwwj5713208","url":null,"abstract":"Burn wounds are highly dangerous injuries with significant mortality rates. They are painful and increase the risk of bacterial infection. Burn wounds could also harm adjacent tissues by releasing dangerous compounds. Thus, their treatment should work quickly and effectively. Hydrogels are used as burn wound dressings that provide a suitable environment for regeneration. They closely imitate the structure of the skin’s extracellular matrix and have high water uptake properties, providing a moist environment for faster healing. Chitosan-PVA based hydrogels demonstrated antibacterial and healing effects on wounds. Nanoparticles of cerium oxide called nanoceria were shown to reduce local oxidative stress by decomposing reactive oxygen species. The goal of this study is to learn the effects of nanoceria infused chitosan-PVA hydrogels on wound regeneration. We characterized hydrogels with various chitosan-PVA ratios, crosslinked with tetraethyl orthosilicate. These trials improved the procedure for making hydrogels capable of maintaining a moist environment for better wound healing. Further experiments demonstrated the biocompatibility and antibacterial properties of the hydrogels crosslinked with glutaraldehyde, where 3T3 fibroblasts seeded on the hydrogels were shown to be viable and zone of inhibition tests performed with E. coli demonstrated the antibacterial capacity of the hydrogels. Future studies will determine the antioxidant capacity and further bioactive properties of the nanoceria infused hydrogel. Once the small-scale procedure is well established the proposed methods could be implemented in clinical applications to aid in burn wound recovery.","PeriodicalId":75599,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical sciences instrumentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45772423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Faria Binte Hossain, Saif Mohammad Ishraq Bari, Gregana G. Nestorova
Lab-on-a-chip systems for real-time analysis of neural cell communication is an emerging topic of neuroscience research that can provide a better understanding of brain functionality. Astrocyte and HBEC5i co-culture provide in vitro model of the blood-brain barrier. The successful employment of lab-on-achip cell co-culture devices in research settings requires fabricating materials that are not cytotoxic to the cells. Controlled and reversible separation of cell culture chambers is crucial for real-time studies of extracellular-mediated cell-to-cell communications. This study demonstrated a 3D printed cell co-culture microfluidic platform that enables controlled separation of the chambers and provides the long-term viability of HEBC-5i cells. The platform consists of two 27.5 mm × 35 mm × 10 mm cell culture chambers separated by an Elastic Resin 3D stereolithography printed valve (10 mm × 35 mm × 9.5 mm). The actuation of the valve is controlled using hydraulic pressure exerted by the chamber positioned directly above the valve. The deflection of the valve barrier provides separation of the cell chambers and the individual microenvironments. Upon the release of the pressure, the valve returns to its original position and allows the exchange of signaling molecules between the cells. The lower glass channel wall of the microfluidic device was coated with gelatin, polydopamine (PDA), and poly-L-lysine (PLL) to provide cellular attachment for HBEC-5i cells and astrocytes. The polyelectrolyte immobilization efficacy was assessed via atomic force microscopy while the viability of the HBEC-5i cell was assessed using fluorescent-based methods.
用于实时分析神经细胞通讯的芯片实验室系统是神经科学研究的一个新兴课题，可以更好地了解大脑功能。星形胶质细胞与HBEC5i共培养提供了体外血脑屏障模型。在研究环境中成功使用芯片上的细胞共培养装置需要制造对细胞没有细胞毒性的材料。细胞培养室的可控和可逆分离对于细胞外介导的细胞间通讯的实时研究至关重要。本研究展示了一种3D打印细胞共培养微流控平台，该平台可以控制腔室的分离，并提供HEBC-5i细胞的长期生存能力。该平台由两个27.5 mm × 35 mm × 10 mm的细胞培养室组成，由弹性树脂3D立体光刻印刷阀(10 mm × 35 mm × 9.5 mm)分开。阀门的驱动是通过直接位于阀门上方的腔室施加的液压来控制的。阀屏障的偏转提供了细胞室和单个微环境的分离。一旦压力释放，阀门就会回到原来的位置，并允许细胞之间交换信号分子。微流控装置的下玻璃通道壁涂有明胶、聚多巴胺(PDA)和聚l -赖氨酸(PLL)，为hbc -5i细胞和星形胶质细胞提供细胞附着。通过原子力显微镜评估聚电解质的固定效果，使用基于荧光的方法评估HBEC-5i细胞的活力。
{"title":"CELL CO-CULTURE MICROFLUIDICS PLATFORM WITH AN INTEGRATED HYDRAULIC VALVE FOR INVESTIGATION OF SIGNAL-MEDIATED INTERACTIONS IN THE BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER","authors":"Faria Binte Hossain, Saif Mohammad Ishraq Bari, Gregana G. Nestorova","doi":"10.34107/lwwj5713153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34107/lwwj5713153","url":null,"abstract":"Lab-on-a-chip systems for real-time analysis of neural cell communication is an emerging topic of neuroscience research that can provide a better understanding of brain functionality. Astrocyte and HBEC5i co-culture provide in vitro model of the blood-brain barrier. The successful employment of lab-on-achip cell co-culture devices in research settings requires fabricating materials that are not cytotoxic to the cells. Controlled and reversible separation of cell culture chambers is crucial for real-time studies of extracellular-mediated cell-to-cell communications. This study demonstrated a 3D printed cell co-culture microfluidic platform that enables controlled separation of the chambers and provides the long-term viability of HEBC-5i cells. The platform consists of two 27.5 mm × 35 mm × 10 mm cell culture chambers separated by an Elastic Resin 3D stereolithography printed valve (10 mm × 35 mm × 9.5 mm). The actuation of the valve is controlled using hydraulic pressure exerted by the chamber positioned directly above the valve. The deflection of the valve barrier provides separation of the cell chambers and the individual microenvironments. Upon the release of the pressure, the valve returns to its original position and allows the exchange of signaling molecules between the cells. The lower glass channel wall of the microfluidic device was coated with gelatin, polydopamine (PDA), and poly-L-lysine (PLL) to provide cellular attachment for HBEC-5i cells and astrocytes. The polyelectrolyte immobilization efficacy was assessed via atomic force microscopy while the viability of the HBEC-5i cell was assessed using fluorescent-based methods.","PeriodicalId":75599,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical sciences instrumentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45290896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Saei, Yibin Wang, M. Marufuzzaman, Nazanin Morshedlou, Haifeng Wang
Response to hazardous events is crucial in every community, whether natural or anthropogenic disasters. Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) helps people who need support. Social vulnerability refers to the number of adverse effects of external stress, including natural causes or disease outbreaks like the Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic on human health. The SVI dataset possesses California state of the US, subdivisions of counties of 15 features into four groups as related themes (i.e., socioeconomic status; household composition and disability; minority status and language; and housing type and transportation). In addition to the SVI dataset, the recent COVID-19 data tracker for each county posted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) shows the new cases per 100,000 persons in the last seven days. The transmission values are low, moderate, substantial, and high. The impact of SVI on COVID-19 attracts the attention of researchers to find the relationships between SVI and COVID-19 incidence. This paper aims to incorporate SVI data and the incidence in the urban and rural areas of the United States using eight machine learning algorithms for COVID-19 transmission level classification. The experimental results show the proper prediction based on the community transmission level of COVID-19 by considering the features of SVI. Among all used machine learning methods, Random Forest achieved the best performance based on the percentage of various performance metrics accuracy and F1-score.
{"title":"PREDICTION OF COMMUNITY TRANSMISSION LEVEL OF COVID-19 USING MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS BASED ON THE CDC SOCIAL VULNERABILITY INDEX","authors":"S. Saei, Yibin Wang, M. Marufuzzaman, Nazanin Morshedlou, Haifeng Wang","doi":"10.34107/lwwj5713168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34107/lwwj5713168","url":null,"abstract":"Response to hazardous events is crucial in every community, whether natural or anthropogenic disasters. Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) helps people who need support. Social vulnerability refers to the number of adverse effects of external stress, including natural causes or disease outbreaks like the Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic on human health. The SVI dataset possesses California state of the US, subdivisions of counties of 15 features into four groups as related themes (i.e., socioeconomic status; household composition and disability; minority status and language; and housing type and transportation). In addition to the SVI dataset, the recent COVID-19 data tracker for each county posted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) shows the new cases per 100,000 persons in the last seven days. The transmission values are low, moderate, substantial, and high. The impact of SVI on COVID-19 attracts the attention of researchers to find the relationships between SVI and COVID-19 incidence. This paper aims to incorporate SVI data and the incidence in the urban and rural areas of the United States using eight machine learning algorithms for COVID-19 transmission level classification. The experimental results show the proper prediction based on the community transmission level of COVID-19 by considering the features of SVI. Among all used machine learning methods, Random Forest achieved the best performance based on the percentage of various performance metrics accuracy and F1-score.","PeriodicalId":75599,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical sciences instrumentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45061917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Joseph, Maxwell Jani, Vijay Mohakar, A. Sorkin, V. Reukov
Oxidative stress is associated with a large range of health conditions. It is caused by the accumulation of reactive oxidative species above cellular neutralization capability. Cells generally defend against oxidative stress with ROS decomposing enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase. Cerium oxide nanoparticles display activity that mimics superoxide dismutase and catalase antioxidative properties, allowing them to combat oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can impair the mitochondrial function and energy output of cells, which can be measured as heat with closed ampoule isothermal microcalorimetry. Thermodynamic analysis of the cell’s response to nanoceria treatment can help improve understanding of its general medical applications. Murine macrophages of the RAW264.7 cell line were cultured in 10% FBS supplemented DMEM media with 1% AA until it reached 90-95% confluency monitored by the EVOS M5000 microscope. After establishing a baseline heat output for healthy cells using a TAM-III isothermal microcalorimeter, the heat flow was measured in cells under induced oxidative stress. MTT assay was performed with various concentrations of nanoceria to identify the optimal dosage at which its antioxidative properties are most effective. In this study, we described the effect of nanoceria on mitochondrial activity.
{"title":"THERMODYNAMIC STUDY OF CERIUM OXIDE NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON CELLULAR METABOLISM","authors":"S. Joseph, Maxwell Jani, Vijay Mohakar, A. Sorkin, V. Reukov","doi":"10.34107/lwwj5713195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34107/lwwj5713195","url":null,"abstract":"Oxidative stress is associated with a large range of health conditions. It is caused by the accumulation of reactive oxidative species above cellular neutralization capability. Cells generally defend against oxidative stress with ROS decomposing enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase. Cerium oxide nanoparticles display activity that mimics superoxide dismutase and catalase antioxidative properties, allowing them to combat oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can impair the mitochondrial function and energy output of cells, which can be measured as heat with closed ampoule isothermal microcalorimetry. Thermodynamic analysis of the cell’s response to nanoceria treatment can help improve understanding of its general medical applications. Murine macrophages of the RAW264.7 cell line were cultured in 10% FBS supplemented DMEM media with 1% AA until it reached 90-95% confluency monitored by the EVOS M5000 microscope. After establishing a baseline heat output for healthy cells using a TAM-III isothermal microcalorimeter, the heat flow was measured in cells under induced oxidative stress. MTT assay was performed with various concentrations of nanoceria to identify the optimal dosage at which its antioxidative properties are most effective. In this study, we described the effect of nanoceria on mitochondrial activity.","PeriodicalId":75599,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical sciences instrumentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46110155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Golding, Baryn Rasberry, Ben Griffith, J. Robertson, M. Lauderdale
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic presented challenging times for everyone and impacted healthcare tremendously. Prone positioning (PP) was implemented to address inadequate oxygenation in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID19. Prone positioning, which involves placing a patient face down, improves gas exchange and oxygen perfusion. For this reason, PP was introduced as a treatment option for patients with hypoxemia secondary to COVID-19. Objective: The purpose of this systematic review was to analyze the effects of PP on mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19. Methods: PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched using terms relating to PP, COVID-19, and mechanical ventilation. Researchers screened titles, abstracts, and full texts, removing any duplicates. The JBI Critical appraisal Tool was used to assess selected articles. Results: Six studies met inclusion criteria for the study, with a total of 421 participants. Primary outcomes assessed included oxygenation parameters. All included studies met the JBI Critical Appraisal criteria to be deemed acceptable for the systematic review. Conclusion: Physical therapists play an important role in mobility of patients in the ICU setting and may be involved in determining treatments to improve oxygenation in patients with COVID-19. Data consistently indicated that prone positioning may be an appropriate intervention to improve oxygenation in patients with respiratory failure due to COVID-19. Several articles indicated increased time in prone may lead to increase in improvements in oxygenation, but continued research is needed to determine the optimal time in prone. Due to the novelty of COVID-19, limited research participants, and low-level research study design, more studies on this topic are recommended.
{"title":"THE EFFECTS OF PRONE POSITIONING IN MECHANICALLY VENTILATED PATIENTS WITH COVID-19 : A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW","authors":"C. Golding, Baryn Rasberry, Ben Griffith, J. Robertson, M. Lauderdale","doi":"10.34107/lwwj5713138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34107/lwwj5713138","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The COVID-19 pandemic presented challenging times for everyone and impacted healthcare tremendously. Prone positioning (PP) was implemented to address inadequate oxygenation in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID19. Prone positioning, which involves placing a patient face down, improves gas exchange and oxygen perfusion. For this reason, PP was introduced as a treatment option for patients with hypoxemia secondary to COVID-19. Objective: The purpose of this systematic review was to analyze the effects of PP on mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19. Methods: PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched using terms relating to PP, COVID-19, and mechanical ventilation. Researchers screened titles, abstracts, and full texts, removing any duplicates. The JBI Critical appraisal Tool was used to assess selected articles. Results: Six studies met inclusion criteria for the study, with a total of 421 participants. Primary outcomes assessed included oxygenation parameters. All included studies met the JBI Critical Appraisal criteria to be deemed acceptable for the systematic review. Conclusion: Physical therapists play an important role in mobility of patients in the ICU setting and may be involved in determining treatments to improve oxygenation in patients with COVID-19. Data consistently indicated that prone positioning may be an appropriate intervention to improve oxygenation in patients with respiratory failure due to COVID-19. Several articles indicated increased time in prone may lead to increase in improvements in oxygenation, but continued research is needed to determine the optimal time in prone. Due to the novelty of COVID-19, limited research participants, and low-level research study design, more studies on this topic are recommended.","PeriodicalId":75599,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical sciences instrumentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43270533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignancy arising from the epithelium of the nasopharynx. Ethnic background, being exposed to the Epstein Barr virus, and increased alcohol use are risk factors for the development of NPC. The majority of patients are diagnosed when the cancer has spread beyond the local area. Radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and surgery are options for treating NPC and are dependent upon location and stage of the disease. Although NPC is a radiosensitive tumor, long-term survival for patients with advanced disease remains poor. The goal of this study was to determine if natural products (thymoqunione (TQ) and Epigallo-catechin-3-gallate (EgCg)) when given by continuous delivery methods rather than a single dose method would destroy cells over a shorter period of time than conventional delivery. The FaDu squamous cell carcinoma cell line was used to test repeated doses of natural (EgCg and TQ) drugs to determine if repeated doses would be as effective at destroying cancer cells as repeated doses of a known chemotherapeutic (5-FU) drug. Cells were treated repeatedly with IC50 concentrations of EgCg, TQ, and 5-FU at 24, 48, and 72 hours. Cells showed similar levels of cellular reduction at 72 hours. Increases in cellular membrane damage were observed in all treated groups with a significant difference seen in 5-FU treated cells compared to EgCg and TQ treated cells. Nitric oxide levels increased in a time dependent manner in EgCg and TQ treated groups. Overall, EgCg and TQ were proved they are as effective as 5-FU in cellular reduction and disrupting cellular function.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA CELLS TREATED WITH REPEATED DOSING OF EPIGALLOCATECHIN-3-GALLATE, THYMOQUINONE, OR 5 – FLUOROURACIL","authors":"S. Williams, M. Tucci, H. Benghuzzi","doi":"10.34107/lwwj5713186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34107/lwwj5713186","url":null,"abstract":"Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignancy arising from the epithelium of the nasopharynx. Ethnic background, being exposed to the Epstein Barr virus, and increased alcohol use are risk factors for the development of NPC. The majority of patients are diagnosed when the cancer has spread beyond the local area. Radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and surgery are options for treating NPC and are dependent upon location and stage of the disease. Although NPC is a radiosensitive tumor, long-term survival for patients with advanced disease remains poor. The goal of this study was to determine if natural products (thymoqunione (TQ) and Epigallo-catechin-3-gallate (EgCg)) when given by continuous delivery methods rather than a single dose method would destroy cells over a shorter period of time than conventional delivery. The FaDu squamous cell carcinoma cell line was used to test repeated doses of natural (EgCg and TQ) drugs to determine if repeated doses would be as effective at destroying cancer cells as repeated doses of a known chemotherapeutic (5-FU) drug. Cells were treated repeatedly with IC50 concentrations of EgCg, TQ, and 5-FU at 24, 48, and 72 hours. Cells showed similar levels of cellular reduction at 72 hours. Increases in cellular membrane damage were observed in all treated groups with a significant difference seen in 5-FU treated cells compared to EgCg and TQ treated cells. Nitric oxide levels increased in a time dependent manner in EgCg and TQ treated groups. Overall, EgCg and TQ were proved they are as effective as 5-FU in cellular reduction and disrupting cellular function.","PeriodicalId":75599,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical sciences instrumentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42686731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Sundaravadivel, Ashton Fitgerald, P. Ghosh, Md. Sharif Ahmed
Tactile sensors help in modeling the intrinsic and external touch sensation. Tactile sensing can refer to the touch in multiple points of contact and refer to the process of detecting and measuring a given property of a contact event in a predetermined area at multiple points of contact. The Haptic system helps in creating a “sense of touch” about the environment through stimuli at a single contact point. Effectors are the end point of robotic frameworks that interact with the real world. From prosthetic hands to precision grippers, effectors made of soft flexible materials have been used for various biomedical applications. The research goal of this project is to integrate haptics in soft effectors for two-way communication in an assistive framework. In this research, we will investigate the use of haptics for creating environmental awareness and for taking the user input. Modeling the user input using the haptics will include interpreting the hand gestures. The proposed framework will use the haptic signals at specific frequencies to provide sensor feedback and interpret the user’s hand gestures as user inputs for navigation assistance. In implementing such a framework, the research will also focus on the use of micro actuators or vibration motors for providing precise feedback. The framework will include custom-made soft effectors, robotic cane/walker, algorithms to model the user input, actuators, and vibration sensitive filaments for closing the loop. This research will significantly contribute to the next generation mobility assistive frameworks with interactive feature.
{"title":"HAPT-EDGE: HAPTICS IN SOFT EFFECTORS FOR SMART INTERACTIVE ASSISTIVE FRAMEWORKS","authors":"P. Sundaravadivel, Ashton Fitgerald, P. Ghosh, Md. Sharif Ahmed","doi":"10.34107/lwwj5713162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34107/lwwj5713162","url":null,"abstract":"Tactile sensors help in modeling the intrinsic and external touch sensation. Tactile sensing can refer to the touch in multiple points of contact and refer to the process of detecting and measuring a given property of a contact event in a predetermined area at multiple points of contact. The Haptic system helps in creating a “sense of touch” about the environment through stimuli at a single contact point. Effectors are the end point of robotic frameworks that interact with the real world. From prosthetic hands to precision grippers, effectors made of soft flexible materials have been used for various biomedical applications. The research goal of this project is to integrate haptics in soft effectors for two-way communication in an assistive framework. In this research, we will investigate the use of haptics for creating environmental awareness and for taking the user input. Modeling the user input using the haptics will include interpreting the hand gestures. The proposed framework will use the haptic signals at specific frequencies to provide sensor feedback and interpret the user’s hand gestures as user inputs for navigation assistance. In implementing such a framework, the research will also focus on the use of micro actuators or vibration motors for providing precise feedback. The framework will include custom-made soft effectors, robotic cane/walker, algorithms to model the user input, actuators, and vibration sensitive filaments for closing the loop. This research will significantly contribute to the next generation mobility assistive frameworks with interactive feature.","PeriodicalId":75599,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical sciences instrumentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44220299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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