Pub Date : 2010-02-22DOI: 10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51585
Mugizi
The present study aimed at determining the seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis and abortion across the major production systems practiced in Kashongi sub-county in 2006. A questionnaire was used to obtain breeding information and blood for testing exposure to Brucella abortus antigens was collected from a total of 258 cattle across the production systems practiced. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of bovine abortion among the 3 production systems and among breeds (p of animals from different herds tended to increase the prevalence of bovine brucellosis. It was concluded that intensification be accompanied by good management practices and communally grazed herds be strictly of the resistant local breeds to reduce the risk of abortion.
{"title":"Relationship between bovine brucellosis and production systems in Kashongi sub-county of Kiruhura-Uganda.","authors":"Mugizi","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51585","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed at determining the seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis and abortion across the major production systems practiced in Kashongi sub-county in 2006. A questionnaire was used to obtain breeding information and blood for testing exposure to Brucella abortus antigens was collected from a total of 258 cattle across the production systems practiced. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of bovine abortion among the 3 production systems and among breeds (p of animals from different herds tended to increase the prevalence of bovine brucellosis. It was concluded that intensification be accompanied by good management practices and communally grazed herds be strictly of the resistant local breeds to reduce the risk of abortion.","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"57 1","pages":"209-219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70486632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-02-22DOI: 10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51612
A. Fatufe
In a 56 days feeding trial, eighteen starting pigs with initial body weight of 6.78 ± 0.5 kg were assigned randomly to 2 dietary treatment groups of nine pigs each (3 pens of 3 pigs each). Diet I was the control, which was not supplemented with probiotics, while Diet II was supplemented with 0.05% probiotics (probiotics contained Saccharomyces cerevisae and Lactobacillus sporogenes) into the control diet at the expense of wheat bran. Diets and water were offered on ad libitum basis. Starting pigs responded nonsignificantly (p> 0.05) to probiotics supplementation in body weight gain, feed conversion ratio and feed intake. Similarly, wet and dry matter faecal output, dry matter, crude protein and crude fat digestibilities, packed cell volume, erythrocytes and leukocytes values were not significantly influenced by probiotics supplementation, whereas crude ash digestibility was significantly (p = 0.03) improved by probiotics supplementation. It was concluded that probiotics has no pronounced effect on the growth rate and nutrient digestibility of starting pigs in a cassava-groundnut cake meal based diet, however beneficial effect could be expected in terms of mineral metabolism. Similarly, the health status of starting pigs is not adversely affected by probiotics supplementation of cassava-groundnut cake meal based diet.
{"title":"Effect of probiotics supplementation of cassava-groundnut cake meal based diet on the performance, nutrient digestibility and haematology in starting pigs","authors":"A. Fatufe","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51612","url":null,"abstract":"In a 56 days feeding trial, eighteen starting pigs with initial body weight of 6.78 ± 0.5 kg were assigned randomly to 2 dietary treatment groups of nine pigs each (3 pens of 3 pigs each). Diet I was the control, which was not supplemented with probiotics, while Diet II was supplemented with 0.05% probiotics (probiotics contained Saccharomyces cerevisae and Lactobacillus sporogenes) into the control diet at the expense of wheat bran. Diets and water were offered on ad libitum basis. Starting pigs responded nonsignificantly (p> 0.05) to probiotics supplementation in body weight gain, feed conversion ratio and feed intake. Similarly, wet and dry matter faecal output, dry matter, crude protein and crude fat digestibilities, packed cell volume, erythrocytes and leukocytes values were not significantly influenced by probiotics supplementation, whereas crude ash digestibility was significantly (p = 0.03) improved by probiotics supplementation. It was concluded that probiotics has no pronounced effect on the growth rate and nutrient digestibility of starting pigs in a cassava-groundnut cake meal based diet, however beneficial effect could be expected in terms of mineral metabolism. Similarly, the health status of starting pigs is not adversely affected by probiotics supplementation of cassava-groundnut cake meal based diet.","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"57 1","pages":"261-268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70486745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-02-22DOI: 10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51577
S. E. Dien, Wm Enas, M. Sami, M. Hanan, El Lawendi, Masoumeh Saleh
Total of 120 samples of fresh mullet fish, frozen tilapia fillet and chilled shrimps (40 samples from each) were collected from Sharkia Governorate markets to assess the presence of Aeromonas hydrophila and Yersinia enterocolitica short methods. The results showed that the prevalence of Aeromonas spp. were 34 (85%), 12 (30%) and 28 (70%) for mullet fish, frozen tilapia fillet and shrimp samples respectively, the mean total colony count of this microorganism were 4.91 ±0.247, 4.383 ±0.463 and 4.44 ±0.125 log/ CFU in the same order. Aeromonas hydrophila, A. caviae and A. sobria were present in the examined samples, but A. hydrophila was the common species. Concerning Yersinia spp., it was detected in 26 (65%), 6 (15%) and 20 (50%) samples of mullet fish, frozen tilapia fillet and shrimp samples respectively, with the mean total colony counts of 5.142±0.353, 4.284 ±0.671 and 3.06±0.221 log/ CFU respectively in the same order. Y. enterocolitica, Y. fredrediksenii, Y. Intermedia and Y. Kristensenii were detected in the examined samples, while; Y. enterocolitica is the most predominant isolate. From the present investigation, both A. hydrophila and Y. enterocolitica are sensitive to heat treatment. Thus, good ripening of sea foods is adequate to control these microorganisms.
{"title":"Prevalence of Aeromonashydrophila and Yersinia Enterocolitica in some sea foods sold in sharkia governorate markets and the effects of heat treatments on their viabilities","authors":"S. E. Dien, Wm Enas, M. Sami, M. Hanan, El Lawendi, Masoumeh Saleh","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51577","url":null,"abstract":"Total of 120 samples of fresh mullet fish, frozen tilapia fillet and chilled shrimps (40 samples from each) were collected from Sharkia Governorate markets to assess the presence of Aeromonas hydrophila and Yersinia enterocolitica short methods. The results showed that the prevalence of Aeromonas spp. were 34 (85%), 12 (30%) and 28 (70%) for mullet fish, frozen tilapia fillet and shrimp samples respectively, the mean total colony count of this microorganism were 4.91 ±0.247, 4.383 ±0.463 and 4.44 ±0.125 log/ CFU in the same order. Aeromonas hydrophila, A. caviae and A. sobria were present in the examined samples, but A. hydrophila was the common species. Concerning Yersinia spp., it was detected in 26 (65%), 6 (15%) and 20 (50%) samples of mullet fish, frozen tilapia fillet and shrimp samples respectively, with the mean total colony counts of 5.142±0.353, 4.284 ±0.671 and 3.06±0.221 log/ CFU respectively in the same order. Y. enterocolitica, Y. fredrediksenii, Y. Intermedia and Y. Kristensenii were detected in the examined samples, while; Y. enterocolitica is the most predominant isolate. From the present investigation, both A. hydrophila and Y. enterocolitica are sensitive to heat treatment. Thus, good ripening of sea foods is adequate to control these microorganisms.","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"57 1","pages":"191-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70487075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-02-22DOI: 10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51624
J. Fotsa, K. Poné, X. Rognon, M. Tixier-Boichard, Y. Manjeli, A. Bordas
Seven hundred and fifty one (751) mature local chickens reared in the dense humid forest zone of Cameroon were described to identify expressive genes mutation and their influences on growth and body measurements of birds in the rural environment of three provinces in Cameroon (Center, South and East). The major results showed that hens from the Center Province bearing CR*CR mutation (Crested) were heavier (87g; P PTI*PTI (feathered shank) and NA*NA (Naked neck) positively increased shank width but only in the Center Province by 0.23 cm and 0.19 cm compared with their wild alleles PTI*N and NA*N, respectively. It was concluded that the expressive genes mutation could be associated with enhanced performance, although upgrading feeding, health and management conditions could optimize their expression.
{"title":"Influence of some expressive genes mutation on growth and body measurements of scavenging chickens in the dense humid forest of Cameroon","authors":"J. Fotsa, K. Poné, X. Rognon, M. Tixier-Boichard, Y. Manjeli, A. Bordas","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51624","url":null,"abstract":"Seven hundred and fifty one (751) mature local chickens reared in the dense humid forest zone of Cameroon were described to identify expressive genes mutation and their influences on growth and body measurements of birds in the rural environment of three provinces in Cameroon (Center, South and East). The major results showed that hens from the Center Province bearing CR*CR mutation (Crested) were heavier (87g; P PTI*PTI (feathered shank) and NA*NA (Naked neck) positively increased shank width but only in the Center Province by 0.23 cm and 0.19 cm compared with their wild alleles PTI*N and NA*N, respectively. It was concluded that the expressive genes mutation could be associated with enhanced performance, although upgrading feeding, health and management conditions could optimize their expression.","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"57 1","pages":"277-284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70486793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-02-22DOI: 10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51641
T. Chinuwo, P. Mugabe, I. Mpofu, S. Mulugeta, E. Timpong-Jones
Cattle performance was monitored over a two year period in a resettlement area, a spatial land-use product of Zimbabwe’s land reforms post-independence. A total of 30 farmers each owning at least 5 cattle in 3 selected villages of a 20 village resettlement scheme were targeted for the study. Participating village rangelands were assessed monthly for biomass yield in different physiognomic cover classes. Cattle in the study were monitored over a two year period for reproduction (calving rate and frequency, re-calving rates) and exit records (sales, slaughters, deaths, exchange, and buy-in) under farmer management conditions. Cattle weights, exit and reproduction records were analyzed as measures of performance. The study found low to medium calving rates (25-40%) and low re-calving rates (16 -26%), with diminished nutrition and low off-take (7.3% to 18.7%) as major impediments to cattle performance. Monthly cattle weights fluctuated with quantity of available grazing biomass, and were lowest during the dry months (September to December). Cows and heifers were affected more by diminished nutrition than steers. The study concluded that improving nutrition, increasing off-take and possibly availing bulls in resettlement areas were appropriate actions to increase cattle performance in the short to medium term, complimented by adequate veterinary practices.
{"title":"A synopsis of cattle performance in Zimbabwe’s ‘initial’ resettlement areas after land reforms and redistribution","authors":"T. Chinuwo, P. Mugabe, I. Mpofu, S. Mulugeta, E. Timpong-Jones","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51641","url":null,"abstract":"Cattle performance was monitored over a two year period in a resettlement area, a spatial land-use product of Zimbabwe’s land reforms post-independence. A total of 30 farmers each owning at least 5 cattle in 3 selected villages of a 20 village resettlement scheme were targeted for the study. Participating village rangelands were assessed monthly for biomass yield in different physiognomic cover classes. Cattle in the study were monitored over a two year period for reproduction (calving rate and frequency, re-calving rates) and exit records (sales, slaughters, deaths, exchange, and buy-in) under farmer management conditions. Cattle weights, exit and reproduction records were analyzed as measures of performance. The study found low to medium calving rates (25-40%) and low re-calving rates (16 -26%), with diminished nutrition and low off-take (7.3% to 18.7%) as major impediments to cattle performance. Monthly cattle weights fluctuated with quantity of available grazing biomass, and were lowest during the dry months (September to December). Cows and heifers were affected more by diminished nutrition than steers. The study concluded that improving nutrition, increasing off-take and possibly availing bulls in resettlement areas were appropriate actions to increase cattle performance in the short to medium term, complimented by adequate veterinary practices.","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"130 1","pages":"285-292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70486804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-02-22DOI: 10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51607
B. Emikpe, O. Oyero, S. Akpavie
This study was undertaken to assess the comparative susceptibility of the different cell lines to PPRV using virus isolation by Vero and BHK cell lines from field samples. The inoculated BHK and Vero cells supported the growth of the virus with syncytia formation more commonly observed in the BHK cells while vacuolation and cell disintegration were more marked in Vero cells. When the virus was passaged from Vero cells to Vero cells, the CPE occurred on the fourth day while passaging from Vero cells to BHK cells, revealed CPE in three days. The onset of CPE and its pattern was earlier and more prominent in BHK than in Vero cells. This could be due to species difference in the origin of the two cell lines and the receptors for attachment and replication. As BHK cell line was not routinely used for primary isolation, results obtained in this study showed that the virus titres obtained are usually higher, the CPE produced clearer, and the onset of CPE development shorter hence it can the be good for primary isolation of PPRV.
{"title":"Comparative susceptibility of vero and baby hamster kidney cell lines to PPR virus.","authors":"B. Emikpe, O. Oyero, S. Akpavie","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51607","url":null,"abstract":"This study was undertaken to assess the comparative susceptibility of the different cell lines to PPRV using virus isolation by Vero and BHK cell lines from field samples. The inoculated BHK and Vero cells supported the growth of the virus with syncytia formation more commonly observed in the BHK cells while vacuolation and cell disintegration were more marked in Vero cells. When the virus was passaged from Vero cells to Vero cells, the CPE occurred on the fourth day while passaging from Vero cells to BHK cells, revealed CPE in three days. The onset of CPE and its pattern was earlier and more prominent in BHK than in Vero cells. This could be due to species difference in the origin of the two cell lines and the receptors for attachment and replication. As BHK cell line was not routinely used for primary isolation, results obtained in this study showed that the virus titres obtained are usually higher, the CPE produced clearer, and the onset of CPE development shorter hence it can the be good for primary isolation of PPRV.","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"57 1","pages":"245-250"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70486700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-02-22DOI: 10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51591
Y. Ghanem, A. Sawalhy, A. Saad, Ahemd H. Abdelkader, A. Heybe
A random survey to study the seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis has been carried out between July 2008 and December 2008 in three main districts of Somaliland (Awdal, Waqoyi Galbed and Togdheer) of northern Somalia. A total of 1668 bovine blood sera were randomly collected from 46 herd/flock of accessible unvaccinated male and female cattle to be analyzed. Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and indirect ELISA (I-ELISA) were used to screen all sera samples. The prevalence of brucellosis in the tested bovine sera were 5.5% (n=91), and 4.4% (n=74) by RBPT, and by I-ELISA respectively. There was a little difference regarding to sex of the prevalence between males and females in the overall studied districts as it was 5.0% and 3.8% in males by RBPT and I-ELISA respectively, while it was 5.8% and 5.0% in females respectively. There were little differences in prevalences of brucellosis among the studied districts which was highest in Awdal (6.5%) whereas in Waqoyi Galbeed (5.1%) and in Togdheer (5.5%) by RBPT, while it was in (5.1%), followed by Waqoyi Galbeed (4.1%), and Togdheer (4.1%) regions by (I-ELISA). There was no significant difference in the seroprevalence according to the age.
{"title":"A serosurvey of Bovine Brucellosis in three cattle-rearing regions of Somaliland (Northern Somalia)","authors":"Y. Ghanem, A. Sawalhy, A. Saad, Ahemd H. Abdelkader, A. Heybe","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51591","url":null,"abstract":"A random survey to study the seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis has been carried out between July 2008 and December 2008 in three main districts of Somaliland (Awdal, Waqoyi Galbed and Togdheer) of northern Somalia. A total of 1668 bovine blood sera were randomly collected from 46 herd/flock of accessible unvaccinated male and female cattle to be analyzed. Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and indirect ELISA (I-ELISA) were used to screen all sera samples. The prevalence of brucellosis in the tested bovine sera were 5.5% (n=91), and 4.4% (n=74) by RBPT, and by I-ELISA respectively. There was a little difference regarding to sex of the prevalence between males and females in the overall studied districts as it was 5.0% and 3.8% in males by RBPT and I-ELISA respectively, while it was 5.8% and 5.0% in females respectively. There were little differences in prevalences of brucellosis among the studied districts which was highest in Awdal (6.5%) whereas in Waqoyi Galbeed (5.1%) and in Togdheer (5.5%) by RBPT, while it was in (5.1%), followed by Waqoyi Galbeed (4.1%), and Togdheer (4.1%) regions by (I-ELISA). There was no significant difference in the seroprevalence according to the age.","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"57 1","pages":"221-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70486647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-02-22DOI: 10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51603
Y. Ghanem, A. Sawalhy, A. Saad, Ahemd H. Abdelkader, A. Heybe
A random survey to study the seroprevalence of ovine and caprine brucellosis was carried out between July 2008 and January 2009 in three main districts of arid and semiarid rearing regions of Somaliland. A total of 1938 sheep, and 1344 goats’ blood sera were randomly collected from 42 herd/flock of accessible unvaccinated sheep and goats to be analyzed. Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and indirect ELISA (I-ELISA) were used to screen all serum samples. At herd level, for sheep, a total 42 herd/flocks were examined, out of which, 2 (4.8%) were seronegative while 40 (95.2%) were seropositive by I-ELISA, 10 (23.8%) were seronegative and 32 (76.2%) seropositive by RBPT. At herd level, for goats, a total 42 herd/flocks were examined, out of which, 6 (14.3%) were seronegative while 36 (85.7%) were seropositive by I-ELISA, 11 (26.2%) were seronegative and 32 (73.8%) seropositive by RBPT. A non significant seroprevalence differences were found at herd level between the three studied districts. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of brucellosis between the different studied districts. This study throws a strong light on that sheep and goats should be included in a national program for control and eradication of brucellosis in Somaliland. Further epidemiological studies and identification of the Brucella biotypes involved is recommended.
{"title":"A seroprevalence study of ovine and caprine brucellosis in three main regions of Somaliland (Northern Somalia)","authors":"Y. Ghanem, A. Sawalhy, A. Saad, Ahemd H. Abdelkader, A. Heybe","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51603","url":null,"abstract":"A random survey to study the seroprevalence of ovine and caprine brucellosis was carried out between July 2008 and January 2009 in three main districts of arid and semiarid rearing regions of Somaliland. A total of 1938 sheep, and 1344 goats’ blood sera were randomly collected from 42 herd/flock of accessible unvaccinated sheep and goats to be analyzed. Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and indirect ELISA (I-ELISA) were used to screen all serum samples. At herd level, for sheep, a total 42 herd/flocks were examined, out of which, 2 (4.8%) were seronegative while 40 (95.2%) were seropositive by I-ELISA, 10 (23.8%) were seronegative and 32 (76.2%) seropositive by RBPT. At herd level, for goats, a total 42 herd/flocks were examined, out of which, 6 (14.3%) were seronegative while 36 (85.7%) were seropositive by I-ELISA, 11 (26.2%) were seronegative and 32 (73.8%) seropositive by RBPT. A non significant seroprevalence differences were found at herd level between the three studied districts. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of brucellosis between the different studied districts. This study throws a strong light on that sheep and goats should be included in a national program for control and eradication of brucellosis in Somaliland. Further epidemiological studies and identification of the Brucella biotypes involved is recommended.","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"57 1","pages":"233-244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70486690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-02-22DOI: 10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51580
J. Nguhiu-Mwangi, P. Mbithi, J. Wabacha, P. Mbuthia
Prospective study was carried out to determine the characteristics of claw lesions in dairy cattle in Nairobi and the peri-urban districts between December 2005 and May 2006. The gaits of 300 dairy cows in 29 zero-grazed and 3 pasture-grazed farms were evaluated and their claws examined for laminitis and other lesions. A retrospective study was also conducted on case records for dairy cattle foot lameness in the Large Animal Clinic of the University of Nairobi. Claws were also collected from abattoirs and examined for lesions. Data was analyzed with GENSTAT for Windows Discovery Edition 2. From the retrospective study, the prevalence of laminitic lesions was 0.79% while infective lesions particularly interdigital necrobacillosis and sole abscesses had prevalence of 35.7% and 11.1% respectively. In the prospective study, the prevalence of laminitis was 70.3%, sole bruising 45%, heel erosion 27.3%, white line separation 18% and double soles 17%. However, the total prevalence of infective claw lesions was 4.7%. Abattoir claws had lesions with similar trends as prospective survey. Current nutrition, housing and management practices that are adopted for increasing productivity and improving hygiene, may account for changes seen in claw lesion patterns of increased laminitis and decreased infective lesions in dairy cattle.
在2005年12月至2006年5月期间，对内罗毕和城郊地区奶牛爪损的特征进行了前瞻性研究。对29个零放牧牧场和3个放牧牧场的300头奶牛进行步态评价，并对其爪部进行足部炎等病变检查。还对内罗毕大学大型动物诊所的奶牛足跛病例记录进行了回顾性研究。还从屠宰场收集爪子并检查是否有病变。使用GENSTAT for Windows Discovery Edition 2分析数据。从回顾性研究来看，板状病变的患病率为0.79%，而感染性病变，特别是指间坏死杆菌病和足底脓肿的患病率分别为35.7%和11.1%。在前瞻性研究中，足板炎的患病率为70.3%，鞋底挫伤为45%，脚跟糜烂为27.3%，白线分离为18%，双底为17%。然而，感染性爪损的总患病率为4.7%。屠宰场爪子的病变趋势与前瞻性调查相似。目前为提高生产力和改善卫生而采用的营养、饲养和管理做法，可能解释了奶牛足板炎增加和传染性病变减少的爪损模式的变化。
{"title":"Prevalence of laminitis and the patterns of claw lesions in dairy cows in Nairobi and the Peri-Urban Districts","authors":"J. Nguhiu-Mwangi, P. Mbithi, J. Wabacha, P. Mbuthia","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51580","url":null,"abstract":"Prospective study was carried out to determine the characteristics of claw lesions in dairy cattle in Nairobi and the peri-urban districts between December 2005 and May 2006. The gaits of 300 dairy cows in 29 zero-grazed and 3 pasture-grazed farms were evaluated and their claws examined for laminitis and other lesions. A retrospective study was also conducted on case records for dairy cattle foot lameness in the Large Animal Clinic of the University of Nairobi. Claws were also collected from abattoirs and examined for lesions. Data was analyzed with GENSTAT for Windows Discovery Edition 2. From the retrospective study, the prevalence of laminitic lesions was 0.79% while infective lesions particularly interdigital necrobacillosis and sole abscesses had prevalence of 35.7% and 11.1% respectively. In the prospective study, the prevalence of laminitis was 70.3%, sole bruising 45%, heel erosion 27.3%, white line separation 18% and double soles 17%. However, the total prevalence of infective claw lesions was 4.7%. Abattoir claws had lesions with similar trends as prospective survey. Current nutrition, housing and management practices that are adopted for increasing productivity and improving hygiene, may account for changes seen in claw lesion patterns of increased laminitis and decreased infective lesions in dairy cattle.","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"57 1","pages":"199-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70487084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-02-22DOI: 10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51609
E. Sahar, A. Nagwa, M. Hanan
A total of 500 fish (250 Tilapia sp. and 250 Clarias lazera were collected from fish markets at Zagazige city in Sharkia governorate. The encysted metacercariae were detected in Tilapia sp. 84.8% and in Clarias lazera 86.8% of the examined fish. The adult worm were collected after experimental infection of puppies with encysted metacercariae as Heterophyes heterophyes, Heterophyes aequalis, Prohemistomum vivax , Mesostephanus appendiculatus and Mesostephanus flapi. The control of these metacercariae were attempted by freezing at-180C for 48 hour, grilling for 10 minutes and frying for 5 minutes. The aim of the present investigation is to study the public health importance of encysted metacercariae in (Tilapia sp. and Clarias lazera)by experimental infection of puppies and identification of recovered adult. Moreover, the effect of some treatment methods rendering the infected fish safe for consumption.
{"title":"Experimental studies on some parasites of public health impoetance in market fish.","authors":"E. Sahar, A. Nagwa, M. Hanan","doi":"10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/BAHPA.V57I3.51609","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 500 fish (250 Tilapia sp. and 250 Clarias lazera were collected from fish markets at Zagazige city in Sharkia governorate. The encysted metacercariae were detected in Tilapia sp. 84.8% and in Clarias lazera 86.8% of the examined fish. The adult worm were collected after experimental infection of puppies with encysted metacercariae as Heterophyes heterophyes, Heterophyes aequalis, Prohemistomum vivax , Mesostephanus appendiculatus and Mesostephanus flapi. The control of these metacercariae were attempted by freezing at-180C for 48 hour, grilling for 10 minutes and frying for 5 minutes. The aim of the present investigation is to study the public health importance of encysted metacercariae in (Tilapia sp. and Clarias lazera)by experimental infection of puppies and identification of recovered adult. Moreover, the effect of some treatment methods rendering the infected fish safe for consumption.","PeriodicalId":75643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin des sante et production animales en Afrique","volume":"57 1","pages":"251-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70486710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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