American Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"The Right to Women’s Sight: Global, Regional, and National Burden of Blindness and Vision Loss in Women, 1990 to 2021","authors":"Lan Xia ,&nbsp;Wuhong Weng ,&nbsp;Jing Wang ,&nbsp;Lingyu Dai ,&nbsp;Suo Guo ,&nbsp;Yanlin Pu ,&nbsp;Tao Cai ,&nbsp;Peizeng Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To quantify global, regional, and national burdens of blindness and vision loss among females from 1990 to 2021 and to assess age patterns, trends, causes, and risk factors contributing to sex disparities.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Retrospective cohort analysis using publicly available, deidentified data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>Females across 204 countries and territories included in GBD 2021. Sex-specific estimates were analyzed; no identifiable human subjects were involved.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Deidentified GBD 2021 data were analyzed using R (4.3.2) and Joinpoint regression. Prevalence and Years Lived with Disability (YLDs = prevalence × disability weight) were estimated globally and stratified by age, geography, and Sociodemographic Index. Descriptive analyses assessed trends from 1990 to 2021. Mapping illustrated regional distribution and estimated annual percentage change. Cause- and risk-factor analyses followed standardized GBD methods.</div></div><div><h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3><div>Age-standardized and age-specific prevalence and YLD rates; leading causes; risk-factor–attributable YLDs; and temporal patterns by estimated annual percentage change.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In 2021, females had a 27.1% higher prevalence of blindness and vision loss and a 17.2% higher YLD rate than males. Age-standardized prevalence and YLDs were 14,510.97 and 17,010.96 per 100,000. Burdens were highest in low- and middle-Sociodemographic Index regions. Near vision loss, cataract, and refractive disorders were leading causes; major contributors included air pollution, high BMI, and household air pollution. Women ≥70 years bore the highest disability burden. Joinpoint analysis showed a persistent increase in female YLDs without a clear COVID-19–related inflection. Limitations include modeled estimates and regional data heterogeneity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Females worldwide continue to experience a disproportionate burden of blindness and vision loss, especially in lower-resource settings and older age groups. Gender-responsive strategies and expanded access to eye care are urgently needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"283 ","pages":"Pages 227-255"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145771386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Phacoemulsification on Vitreomacular Traction Release and Complications","authors":"Suraj Bala ,&nbsp;Nitesh Mohan ,&nbsp;Victor Bellanda ,&nbsp;Andrea Arline ,&nbsp;Gabriel Castilho S. Barbosa ,&nbsp;Matthew Schulgit ,&nbsp;Sumit Sharma ,&nbsp;Sunil K. Srivastava ,&nbsp;Danny A. Mammo ,&nbsp;Ananth Sastry","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To determine if phacoemulsification impacts vitreomacular traction (VMT) release and VMT-related complications.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Single-center, comparative, retrospective clinical cohort study.</div></div><div><h3>Subjects: A total of</h3><div>310 eyes of 249 patients with a concurrent diagnosis of VMT and cataracts at the Cole Eye Institute between 2013 and 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Eligible eyes had at least 6 months of follow-up post-VMT diagnosis or phacoemulsification. The control group included eyes that did not undergo phacoemulsification after VMT diagnosis. Clinical information was collected via manual chart review. Characteristics of VMT were recorded via review of optical coherence tomography imaging.</div></div><div><h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3><div>The primary outcome was the hazard of VMT release. Secondary outcomes included VMT-related complications, such as macular and lamellar hole formation, retinal detachment, and subsequent vitrectomy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>VMT release occurred in 49.4% of 310 eyes, with an average follow-up period of 136.7 ± 134.4 weeks. There was no significant difference in release between the phacoemulsification and control groups (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 0.861; <em>P</em> = .380). Among eyes that released, the mean time to release was 79.4 ± 68.8 weeks postsurgery in the phacoemulsification group and 76.0 ± 81.9 weeks from diagnosis in the control group (<em>P</em> = .785). In multivariate analysis, younger age at diagnosis (5-year aHR = 0.773; <em>P</em> &lt; .001) and smaller adhesion diameter (per 100 µm aHR = 0.951; <em>P</em> = .017) were significantly associated with a higher likelihood of VMT release. Black patients had a lower likelihood of VMT release compared to White patients (aHR = 0.439; <em>P</em> = .004). Eyes that developed a macular hole had a smaller baseline adhesion diameter than those that did not (439.1 ± 217.9 µm vs 685.7 ± 697.4 µm; <em>P</em> &lt; .001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Phacoemulsification was not associated with increased rates or faster timing of VMT release. These findings suggest that intrinsic patient and anatomical factors play a larger role in determining the likelihood of VMT release and should be prioritized in clinical decision-making.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"283 ","pages":"Pages 176-187"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety of Pharmacologic Dilation: Incidence and Risk Factors of Acute Angle Closure in a Nationwide Cohort","authors":"Tracy Z. Lang ,&nbsp;Khristina I. Lung ,&nbsp;Kyle A. Bolo ,&nbsp;Brian C. Toy ,&nbsp;Benjamin Y. Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the incidence and risk factors of acute angle closure (AAC) following dilation in a nationwide healthcare claims database.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Retrospective cohort study.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>Patients who underwent dilation by an ophthalmologist/optometrist between January 2007 and December 2021 were identified by Current Procedural Terminology (CPT)/Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System codes for comprehensive eye exam, extended ophthalmoscopy, or dilated fundus exam. Patients with AAC/primary angle closure glaucoma diagnosis before the first dilation were excluded.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>AAC risk was assessed under two definitions. Definition 1 (more sensitive and inclusive): International Classification of Diseases code for AAC glaucoma within 14 days of dilation; Definition 2 (more specific and exclusive): Definition 1 plus CPT code for iridotomy/iridectomy or lens extraction within 14 days of AAC diagnosis. Dilations after the first AAC diagnosis were excluded. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess factors associated with AAC diagnosis by comparing patients who received an AAC diagnosis with those that did not.</div></div><div><h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3><div>AAC under two definitions based on International Classification of Diseases/CPT codes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 11,452,733 patients underwent 26,478,250 dilations. The incidence of AAC diagnosis per dilation was 0.01% under Definition 1 and 0.004% under Definition 2. Older age compared to &lt;40 years (OR ≥ 3.26, <em>P</em> &lt; .001), Asian race and Hispanic ethnicity compared to non-Hispanic Whites (OR ≥ 1.38, <em>P</em> &lt; .001), and prior angle closure diagnosis (OR ≥ 12.74, <em>P</em> &lt; .001) conferred higher odds of AAC diagnosis under both definitions. Income ≥$100,000 compared to &lt;$40,000 (OR ≤ 0.83, <em>P</em> &lt; .001), non-Northeast regions (OR ≤ 0.74, <em>P</em> ≤ .002), and pseudophakia status (OR ≤ 0.73, <em>P</em> &lt; .001) conferred lower odds of AAC diagnosis under both definitions. Female sex (OR = 1.19, <em>P</em> &lt; .001), non-HMO insurance (OR ≥ 1.19, <em>P</em> ≤ .006), and Black race (OR = 1.18, <em>P</em> = .003) conferred higher odds of AAC diagnosis under Definition 1.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In a nationwide cohort, the risk of AAC diagnosis following dilation ranged from around 1 in 7,000 to 26,000 dilations. Given the apparent safety of dilation and its importance in comprehensive eye exams and teleretinal care, further discussions regarding concerns about AAC with dilation are warranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"283 ","pages":"Pages 138-148"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Randomized-Controlled Trial of the Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of Intravitreal Brolucizumab in Patients With Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy With Persistent Fluid in the Absence of Choroidal Neovascular Membrane—BRICS Trial Report II","authors":"Srishti Raksheeth Ramamurthy ,&nbsp;Saarang Hansraj ,&nbsp;Ragu Kumar ,&nbsp;Ritesh Narula ,&nbsp;SriniVas R. Sadda ,&nbsp;Sobha Sivaprasad ,&nbsp;Jay K. Chhablani ,&nbsp;Mudit Tyagi ,&nbsp;Nikitha Gurram Reddy ,&nbsp;Umesh Chandra Behera ,&nbsp;Raja Narayanan","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To study the efficacy of brolucizumab in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) with persistent fluid without choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM).</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Prospective randomized-controlled trial with cross-over design.</div></div><div><h3>Subjects</h3><div>Patients with chronic CSCR (&gt;3 months duration) without CNVM confirmed on optical coherence tomography angiography were enrolled and randomized (1:1) to treatment or control arms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Block randomization with stratification for disease duration and central macular thickness (CMT) was done. Patients in the treatment arm received intravitreal brolucizumab at baseline and then PRN. At 3 months follow-up, patients in the control arm with persistent fluid were crossed over to the injection arm.</div></div><div><h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3><div>The primary outcome was a reduction of CMT on optical coherence tomography &gt;20% compared to baseline. Secondary outcomes included proportion of eyes achieving complete fluid resolution at 1 and 3 months, mean change in CMT, subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), best-corrected visual acuity, and NEI VFQ-25 scores.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 42 patients (42 eyes), 3 were lost to follow-up. Final analysis included 22 patients in injection arm and 17 in control arm. Mean age was 52.3 ± 9.3 years; 92.3% were male. Greater than 20% CMT reduction at 1 month was noted in 17/22 (77.27%) in treatment arm and 6/16 eyes (37.5%) in the control arm (<em>p</em> = .01). At 1 month, 13/22 eyes (59%) achieved complete fluid resolution compared to 2/16 (12.5%) eyes in the control arm (<em>p</em> = .003). At 3 months follow-up, 12/20 eyes (60%) in the treatment arm achieved complete fluid resolution compared to 3/16 eyes (18.75%) in the control arm (<em>p</em> = .01). Mean CMT showed reduction in brolucizumab group compared to control at 1 month (158.16 ± 60 vs 318.22 ± 252.64 µm, <em>p</em> = .001) and 3 months (188.11 ± 78.83 vs 340.75.15 ± 264.52 µm, <em>p</em> = .016). Mean SFCT showed reduction in brolucizumab group compared to control at 1 month (419.53 ± 95.51 vs 472.40 ± 77.43 µm, <em>p</em> = .07) and 3 months (403.47 ± 127.36 vs 490.15 ± 105.50 µm, <em>p</em> = .05). 9 of 11 (81.82%) control eyes after crossover showed fluid resolution with brolucizumab. Change in best-corrected visual acuity and NEI VFQ-25 scores was not significant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Brolucizumab resulted in rapid resolution of fluid in chronic CSCR without CNVM, associated with significant reduction in CMT and SFCT. Long-term studies will help understand recurrence patterns and adverse effect profile.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"283 ","pages":"Pages 149-162"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on: Cellular-Level Assessment of Macular Development in Patients with FEVR Using Multimodal Imaging: A Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Gongpeng Sun,Meixia Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.10.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2025.10.041","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145718241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tirzepatide is Associated With Reduced Risk of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes","authors":"Alexander T. Hong ,&nbsp;Forest Lin ,&nbsp;Sally Baxter ,&nbsp;Robert N. Weinreb","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Tirzepatide, a dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA), has shown superior efficacy in glycemic control, weight loss, and cardiometabolic outcomes compared to GLP-1 RAs alone. While GLP-1 RAs may offer neuroprotective effects relevant to glaucoma, the impact of dual-incretin therapies like tirzepatide on glaucoma remains unknown. This study investigates the association between tirzepatide initiation and the risk of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), ocular hypertension (OHTN), and glaucoma treatment initiation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), compared to those initiating selective GLP-1 RAs.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Retrospective clinical cohort study using a nationwide electronic health records network from June 2022 to May 2025.</div></div><div><h3>Subjects</h3><div>Adults with T2DM who initiated tirzepatide or selective GLP-1 RA therapy. Patients with prior exposure to either drug class, recent addition of second-line antihyperglycemic agents, previous glaucoma diagnosis or surgery, or ocular trauma were excluded.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from 71 U.S. healthcare organizations were analyzed. Propensity score matching (1:1) was conducted to balance cohorts for demographics, comorbidities, medication use, and ophthalmic encounters. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for each outcome.</div></div><div><h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3><div>Incidence of POAG, OHTN, and first-line glaucoma treatments (medications or surgery).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified 41,850 patients who initiated tirzepatide and 147,828 patients who initiated selective GLP-1 RAs. After matching, 41,849 patients remained in each cohort. Tirzepatide use was associated with a significantly lower risk of POAG (RR 0.50, 95% CI 0.34-0.74), OHTN (RR 0.59, 95% CI 0.40-0.88), and need for glaucoma treatment (RR 0.54, 95% CI 0.45-0.64) compared to selective GLP-1 RAs. Risk reductions persisted in subgroups with concomitant metformin or insulin use. Sensitivity analyses limited to patients aged ≥60 years and comparisons with individual GLP-1 RAs (semaglutide and dulaglutide) yielded consistent trends.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Tirzepatide use was associated with a significantly reduced risk of developing POAG, OHTN, and need for first-line glaucoma treatment compared to selective GLP-1 RAs in patients with T2DM. These findings suggest a potential additional ocular benefit of tirzepatide and support further investigation into its role in glaucoma management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"283 ","pages":"Pages 120-128"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145689322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Episcleral Osteoma","authors":"Liangyuan Xu ,&nbsp;Jing Li ,&nbsp;Jianmin Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.11.047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.11.047","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"282 ","pages":"Pages e7-e8"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145689323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capsular Tension Ring Use in High Myopic Eyes Undergoing Cataract Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Yu-Min Chang ,&nbsp;Ke-Hung Chien ,&nbsp;Chi-Jung Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate the impact of capsular tension ring (CTR) implantation on refractive outcomes, intraocular lens (IOL) stability, and postoperative complications in high myopic patients undergoing cataract surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Systematic review and meta-analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar through March 2025 identified studies comparing cataract surgery with and without CTR implantation in high myopic eyes. The primary outcome was prediction refractive error (PE). Secondary outcomes included absolute refractive error (AE), postoperative corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), IOL decentration, anterior chamber depth (ACD), posterior capsular opacification (PCO), and Nd:YAG capsulotomy rates. Random-effects meta-analysis, sensitivity analysis, and meta-regression were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nine studies (4 randomized controlled trials and 5 cohort studies; 846 eyes) were included. CTR implantation did not significantly affect PE (mean difference [MD], 0.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], −0.07 to 0.08; <em>P</em> = .93) or postoperative CDVA (MD, 0.00; 95% CI, −0.06 to 0.06; <em>P</em> = 1.00). However, CTR significantly reduced AE (MD, −0.12; 95% CI, −0.20 to −0.05; <em>P</em> = .001) and IOL decentration (MD, −0.04; 95% CI, −0.07 to −0.01; <em>P</em> = .004).No covariates significantly influenced PE in meta-regression.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>CTR implantation appears to modestly improve refractive predictability and IOL stability in high myopic eyes without compromising postoperative visual acuity. However, given the limited evidence base and small effect sizes, these findings should be interpreted with caution. CTR implantation may be considered in selected myopic cases with suspected zonular weakness or large capsular bags where additional capsular stability is desired.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"283 ","pages":"Pages 109-119"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145689324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of SJP-0132 in Patients With Dry Eye Disease: A Phase 2b Randomized, Double-Masked, Dose-Finding Study","authors":"Yuichi Hori ,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Wada ,&nbsp;Kazunori Omatsu","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.11.036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.11.036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Evaluate the efficacy, safety, and optimal dose of the TRPV1 antagonist SJP-0132 ophthalmic suspension in patients with dry eye disease.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Randomized, double-masked, multicenter, placebo-controlled, Phase 2b dose-response study in Japan.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>Outpatients aged ≥20 years with dry eye-related subjective symptoms (eye dryness visual analog scale score ≥40; 5-item Dry Eye Questionnaire score ≥6), and objective signs (mean tear-breakup time ≤5 seconds in both eyes; corneal fluorescein staining [CFS] score using Baylor criteria: 2 to 4 for central zone of at least one eye, total score 4 to 20 for all zones, and ≥1 for at least one of the four peripheral corneal regions).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>After a 2-week placebo run-in period, patients were randomized 1:1:1:1 to receive SJP-0132 ophthalmic suspension 0.1%, 0.3%, or 1.0%, or placebo, administered as 1 drop in each eye four times daily for 4 weeks.</div></div><div><h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3><div>The primary endpoint was the change from baseline to week 4 in CFS score for all zones with SJP-0132 0.3% vs placebo (primary analysis) and SJP-0132 0.1% or 1.0% vs placebo (secondary analysis).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Total 344 patients were randomized and received at least one dose of SJP-0132 0.1% (<em>n</em> = 87), SJP-0132 0.3% (<em>n</em> = 87), SJP-0132 1.0% (<em>n</em> = 85), or placebo (<em>n</em> = 85). For the primary endpoint, there were no statistically significant differences between the SJP-0132 0.3% and placebo groups (between-group difference −0.8; 95% CI −1.7, 0.2; <em>P</em> = .1181), or between the SJP-0132 0.1% (−0.7; 95% CI −1.8, 0.4; <em>P</em> = .1990) or SJP-0132 1.0% (−0.1; 95% CI −1.3, 1.0; <em>P</em> = .8276) and placebo groups. Secondary endpoints showed generally dose-dependent efficacy and safety of SJP-0132. Improvements in subjective symptoms of dry eye, quality of life, and objective signs were observed after 1 week of SJP-0132 administration and maintained through to week 4, with statistically significant differences to placebo observed at some endpoints. Subgroup analyses suggested greater treatment benefits with SJP-0132 0.3% in subgroups based on baseline ocular characteristics. SJP-0132 was generally well tolerated across the dose groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>SJP-0132 showed generally dose-dependent efficacy and safety. Based on safety and treatment benefits with SJP-0132 0.3% in the overall population and in subgroups, this dose was considered optimal for further development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"283 ","pages":"Pages 163-175"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145688968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unilateral Superior Corneal Melts With Iris Prolapse After Retinal Surgery in Rheumatoid Arthritis","authors":"Ritu Arora,&nbsp;Daraius Shroff,&nbsp;Sanat Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.11.048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.11.048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"282 ","pages":"Pages e10-e11"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145688973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}