Experimentelle Pathologie最新文献

The influence of Isoproterenol on the nmmber of the different types of white blood cells appearing during the course of the Sephadex inflammation was investigated in rats. Isoproterenol treatment causes a decrease of the number of the immigrating neutrophils within the first two days and an increase of the lymphocytes during almost the entire experiment. A sudden decrease of the number of these cell types, indicating a massive cell destruction, was followed by immigration of eosinophilic granulocytes after 24 hrs. Isoproterenol accelerated and augmented this immigration. We conclude, that perishing neutrophils and lymphocytes produce or mediate the production of factors which attract eosinophils and moreover that Isoproterenol enhances the production or the effect of these factors. The mechanism underlying this enhancement is not known. We suppose a specific ß-adrenergic influence, because we could not reproduce this increasing effect with adrenaline.

This paper describes a new software system for automatic image processing in pathology. The system is based on the hardware NU2/ODD/PDP8 and the thereby yielded results. The effectiveness of the system esp. its velocity has been essentially improved by a significant modification of the primary data sampling and by the new implementation of feature determination. The first application of this new system concerns age-dependent alterations of the gangliocytes in the nucleus olivaris.

The morphological manifestation of the intestinal infections of Salmonella typhimurium by the intestine rolled method in both conventional DK1 and germfree mice have been investigated in our laboratory. In the conventional mice, the morphological manifestation of intestinal infection shows no difference from the general features of infection, while in the germfree mice, the manifestation is characterized by the so-called non-reactive necrotizing enteritis without cellular reaction. When infection in the germfree mice occurs, some state of immunological insufficiency should be taken into consideration. In infections of germfree mice it is difficult to consider the immunological or the allergic reaction which is expected in the conventional mice.

In addition, the direct influences of bacteria such as endotoxin must be taken into consideration as another possibility, but the very limited localized lesions, as seen in this experiment cannot always be suggested to be due to the direct influence of bacteria or intoxication. Though there are many problems to be solved in the future, we are now able to state a kind of mechanism similar to that of Shwartzman's phenomenon cannot be ignored in the infection in newborns or in immunologically immature animals.

After lorry transport (60–120 min), fattening pigs (100–120 kg living weight) with clinical signs of exhaustion and acute circulation insufficiency showed acute ultrastructural damage to the myocard and the skeletal muscle. These represent the morphological equivalent of a stress induced cardiomyopathy and are to be counted among the stress myopathies of the pig. These changes may be caused particularly by the high lactate production of the predominantly glycolytically operating skeletal muscles and by the effects of cardial catecholamine release following transport stress. Attention is drawn to the model character of these changes for similar processes in humans.

The angiogenic activity in corpus luteum (corpus luteum angiogenesis factor = CLAF) reported first by us in 1977 was enriched by ammonium sulfate precipitation and further purified by ion exchange chromatography. Extracts producedin this way from corpora lutea of cyclus synchronized pigs have proven effective to stimulate DNA synthesis and proliferation of both calf aorta endothelial cells and primary mouse embryo fibroblasts cultivated either under optimal or suboptimal (depletion) conditions. The mitogenic action of these extracts has been found to be dose-dependent and similar to that of bovine brain extract produced according to the preparation method published by Gospodarowicz.

Syngeneic tumour transplants to inbred female animal strains were carried out with basaliomas, squamous cell carcinomas and fibrosarcomas of the skin, induced by DMBA (9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene) in the mouse, rat and guinea pig. A completely successful transplantation of all tumors was only achieved in the group of fibrosarcomas of the rat when a myocardial suspension of a young rat was used as a “supporting agent”. This may be a new immuno-biological aspect in tumor transplantation. In the other groups, five tumors developed in the host animals after a period of latency of 10 months or more. Therefore, it is discussed whether two of these tumors grown in the host rats should be considered spontaneous. In addition I have found no earlier reports in the literature with successful DMBA-induced epidermal tumors transplantations in homologous or syngeneic animal strains. Tumors were grafted on to altogether 100 animals.

The preparation of thick endothelial “Häutchen” from microscopically lipid-free areas of the thoracic and abdominal aorta of 22 domestic pigs proved that there is a surprisingly frequent penetration of mononuclear blood cells into the subendothelial space. They are deposited on the intima in a diffuse or focal distribution as dense epi-, inter- and subendothelial cell infiltrates.

A line of the Chinese hamster V 79 strain, denominated as V 79-E, is cytogenetically characterized. It has a modal chromosome number of 22. Chromosome morphology, G- and C-banding reveal strong differences from the normal complement of the Chinese hamster presumably caused by rearrangements of chromosome segments during the past 20 years of in vitro culture. 4 chromosomes possess terminal nucleolar organizer regions. Spontaneous sister chromatid exchanges occur with a frequency of 0.38 sister chromatid exchanges per chromosome.

In the homogenate of the liver biochemically examined 45 hrs after a single 250 mg dose of metronidazole administration, a 45% increase of c-AMP level was found as compared with controls. A marked proliferation of hepatic smooth endoplasmic reticulum was observed. In the light microscope numerous mitotic figures could be seen. No mitotic figures were present in the liver tissue of either treated or untreated animals examined 24, 72 and 120 hrs post administration of metronidazole. Two points seem of interest in the biologic properties of metronidazole: one is the participation of hepatic smooth endoplasmic reticulum in its metabolism, the other — the formation of active metabolites which may posses carcinogenous properties.

Using a modification of the Mg-ATPase reaction, the arterial blood vessels of the microcirculatory bed of the rat including the smallest precapillary vessels are visualized in a grey-level difference against their environment which permits to utilize the automatic image analyser QUANTIMET 720 and the programmable desk-top calculator HEWLETT-PACKARD 9100B. The article describes the method for preparing the sections, the measuring procedure, and the statistical verification of the results by means of the computer assisted two-way analysis of variance as well as studies demonstrating the reliability of the method. It is concluded that the procedure at heart, skeletal muscle and pancreas specimens of the rat demonstrates reliably and effectively changes of the number of vessels and the projected whole vessel wall area as well as differences of enzyme activities. Thus it is possible to detect structural wall reactions and enzyme histochemical changes of arterial blood vessels of the microvasculatory bed including its smallest precapillaries which have been practically inaccessible to histomorphometrical investigations in the past.