Thirty “scuba” diving accidents (29 of them fatal) which occurred in Sweden during 1960 – 76 are listed. Nine of these are described in some detail. The probable causes of these accidents are evaluated, and suggestions for prophylactic measures are made.
A rapid, simple, reproducible and relatively inexpensive electrophoretic technique for displaying the structural proteins of hair is described. Hairs from a large number of individuals were examined and a number of distinct differences are presented.
The possibility of using these individual differences as a means of individual identification is discussed.
The normal levels of bromine in human tissue are given and their use in the interpretation of levels found when over-exposure is a possibility is described. Bromine is “normally” distributed in human tissue as are essential trace elements. This allows a bromine (μg) to chlorine (mg) ratio to be established (3.2) above which bromine exposure must be considered. The bromine concentrations in sections of hair can be used to establish the time of administration even when small amounts are ingested, but owing to the long half-life (about 15 days) found in human tissue interpretation after multiple doses may be difficult.
Phosphoglucomutase1 and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase types present in human red cells were also found in human hairbulbs. These phenotypes were detectable up to 2 weeks following extraction of the hair. The results are useful in medicolegai individualization of the human hair.
The results of the detection of the Rh antigens (D, C, E, c) and the S and K antigens by an elution technique comparing the AutoAnalyser and a manual method for the detection of eluted antibody are presented. Investigation of a series of anti-D sera demonstrates that while it is not too difficult to select antisera for the detection of the D antigen in fresh stains (i.e. up to 4 weeks old) some of these sera will not be satisfactory for typing older stains. The AutoAnalyser system used is low ionic strength/polybrene which has a capacity for detecting 0.002 μg/ml of anti-D, but in spite of this degree of sensitivity the manual technique for the detection of eluted antibody compared very favourably and tended, where older stains were being tested, to give more conclusive results than the AutoAnalyser. The superiority of the manual technique was most pronounced when detecting the S and K antigens.
We confirm the great stability of the A and B antigen in dried blood, and the markedly lesser stability of antigen H.
We demonstrate that it is possible to determine the immunoglobulin groups Gm(1), Gm(10) and Km(1) — formerly Inv(1) — in bloodstains 29 to 33 years old.
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