Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/20905068.2020.1823787
N. Bayoumi, Rania AbdElFattah Hussein Mahmoud Eldakhs, Monsef Ibrahim Kharboush, Noureldin Doaa Fathi Elsamman, Shahira Mahmoud
ABSTRACT Background Pediatric ocular trauma may be a major source of lifelong visual morbidity and disability. Objective To report on the different types of ocular injury in children in a tertiary referral center. Participants and settings Children presenting with ocular trauma to the casualty department of the pediatric ophthalmology unit of Alexandria Main University Hospital in Alexandria, Egypt. Methods The study was conducted from June to December 2018. Upon admission, thorough history was obtained from the attending person(s), and thorough ophthalmic examination was performed. Appropriate treatment was subsequently provided to every case (though not the scope of the current study). Results A total of 146 children (from a total of 436 patients, 33.5%) (103 males, 70.5%) presented with various types of ocular injuries. The mean age ± standard deviation of the injured children was 98.1 ± 56.4 months. Study participants were almost equally distributed between within and outside of the city of the study locale, with a predominance of patients from urban areas in Alexandria (30%) and from rural areas outside of Alexandria (35.6%). Seventy percent of the care providers of the study children were manual workers. The places of the incidents were almost equally distributed between household (40%) and external environment with a slight predominance of the later (50%). Conclusions Ocular injuries represent one-third of all ocular injuries in the study locale. Ocular injuries in children occur with an almost equal distribution in both urban and rural areas and in both household and external environments. Mechanical trauma was the most common cause of trauma.
{"title":"Clinical pattern of pediatric ocular trauma in a tertiary referral center","authors":"N. Bayoumi, Rania AbdElFattah Hussein Mahmoud Eldakhs, Monsef Ibrahim Kharboush, Noureldin Doaa Fathi Elsamman, Shahira Mahmoud","doi":"10.1080/20905068.2020.1823787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20905068.2020.1823787","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background Pediatric ocular trauma may be a major source of lifelong visual morbidity and disability. Objective To report on the different types of ocular injury in children in a tertiary referral center. Participants and settings Children presenting with ocular trauma to the casualty department of the pediatric ophthalmology unit of Alexandria Main University Hospital in Alexandria, Egypt. Methods The study was conducted from June to December 2018. Upon admission, thorough history was obtained from the attending person(s), and thorough ophthalmic examination was performed. Appropriate treatment was subsequently provided to every case (though not the scope of the current study). Results A total of 146 children (from a total of 436 patients, 33.5%) (103 males, 70.5%) presented with various types of ocular injuries. The mean age ± standard deviation of the injured children was 98.1 ± 56.4 months. Study participants were almost equally distributed between within and outside of the city of the study locale, with a predominance of patients from urban areas in Alexandria (30%) and from rural areas outside of Alexandria (35.6%). Seventy percent of the care providers of the study children were manual workers. The places of the incidents were almost equally distributed between household (40%) and external environment with a slight predominance of the later (50%). Conclusions Ocular injuries represent one-third of all ocular injuries in the study locale. Ocular injuries in children occur with an almost equal distribution in both urban and rural areas and in both household and external environments. Mechanical trauma was the most common cause of trauma.","PeriodicalId":7611,"journal":{"name":"Alexandria Journal of Medicine","volume":"56 1","pages":"148 - 153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20905068.2020.1823787","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43289864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/20905068.2020.1786620
I. Sarhan, M. Ibrahim, N. Kamel, N. Teama
ABSTRACT Introduction Uremic pruritus is one of the most common and complicated symptom affecting hemodialysis patients, it can be persistent, distressing and having a significant impact on the quality of life. We aimed to study the relationship between high sensitive C reactive protein and adequacy of dialysis with uremic pruritus in hemodialysis patients. Patients and Methods In this Case control study one hundred prevalent hemodialysis patients were enrolled from hemodialysis units in Ain Shams University hospitals, fifty of them had pruritus and the other fifty patients had no pruritis, all of them underwent urea reduction ratio for dialysis adequacy assessment, pruritus assessment by using visual analog scale and high sensitive C reactive protein serum level. Results Uremic pruritus has statistically significant negative correlation with urea reduction ratio and consequently with dialysis adequacy. However, uremic pruritus has statistically significant positive correlation with highly sensitive C reactive protein serum levels in hemodialysis patients. Conclusion Inadequate hemodialysis and increased hsCRP serum level play an important role in aggravating intensity and severity of uremic pruritus.
{"title":"Association of high sensitive C reactive protein and dialysis adequacy with uremic pruritus in hemodialysis patients","authors":"I. Sarhan, M. Ibrahim, N. Kamel, N. Teama","doi":"10.1080/20905068.2020.1786620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20905068.2020.1786620","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction Uremic pruritus is one of the most common and complicated symptom affecting hemodialysis patients, it can be persistent, distressing and having a significant impact on the quality of life. We aimed to study the relationship between high sensitive C reactive protein and adequacy of dialysis with uremic pruritus in hemodialysis patients. Patients and Methods In this Case control study one hundred prevalent hemodialysis patients were enrolled from hemodialysis units in Ain Shams University hospitals, fifty of them had pruritus and the other fifty patients had no pruritis, all of them underwent urea reduction ratio for dialysis adequacy assessment, pruritus assessment by using visual analog scale and high sensitive C reactive protein serum level. Results Uremic pruritus has statistically significant negative correlation with urea reduction ratio and consequently with dialysis adequacy. However, uremic pruritus has statistically significant positive correlation with highly sensitive C reactive protein serum levels in hemodialysis patients. Conclusion Inadequate hemodialysis and increased hsCRP serum level play an important role in aggravating intensity and severity of uremic pruritus.","PeriodicalId":7611,"journal":{"name":"Alexandria Journal of Medicine","volume":"56 1","pages":"111 - 117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20905068.2020.1786620","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42756091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/20905068.2019.1656866
{"title":"Statement of retraction","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/20905068.2019.1656866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20905068.2019.1656866","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7611,"journal":{"name":"Alexandria Journal of Medicine","volume":"55 1","pages":"57 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20905068.2019.1656866","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49542299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/20905068.2019.1681178
E. Seif, I. Diab, S. Ibrahim, Heba Hussein, Sara A. Ghitani
ABSTRACT Exposure to early life adversities, as child maltreatment may disturb the whole biological development of a child resulting in different consequences. Among the main underlying mechanisms are epigenetics and DNA methylation. The aim of the study was to access the effects of various factors such as child maltreatment (single or multiple), duration, frequency and age of onset of abuse on DNA methylation. Subjects and methods: 90 children (55 males, 35 females) aged 12–18 years were recruited from adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinics at Al-Hadara University Hospital in Alexandria, Egypt. A Childhood Trauma Questionnaire was used to take the history of child maltreatment. Global DNA methylation was determined by MethylFlash methylated DNA quantification colorimetric kit. Results: Regarding DNA methylation, there was a statistically significant hypomethylation was detected among those who reported exposure to more than one type of child maltreatment than those who reported no exposure or exposure to only one type. Significant difference was also detected between children who were exposed at the age of nine or less and those above 9 years. Moreover, a significant association was found between the duration and frequency of maltreatment in the prediction of DNA methylation. Conclusion: global DNA hypomethylation can be used as a marker to detect exposure to multiple types of child maltreatment. However, it is not about the early child maltreatment alone, but the accumulation of abuse over time and higher frequency of exposure to child maltreatment that causes more global DNA hypomethylation.
{"title":"Association between different parameters of child maltreatment and global DNA methylation","authors":"E. Seif, I. Diab, S. Ibrahim, Heba Hussein, Sara A. Ghitani","doi":"10.1080/20905068.2019.1681178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20905068.2019.1681178","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Exposure to early life adversities, as child maltreatment may disturb the whole biological development of a child resulting in different consequences. Among the main underlying mechanisms are epigenetics and DNA methylation. The aim of the study was to access the effects of various factors such as child maltreatment (single or multiple), duration, frequency and age of onset of abuse on DNA methylation. Subjects and methods: 90 children (55 males, 35 females) aged 12–18 years were recruited from adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinics at Al-Hadara University Hospital in Alexandria, Egypt. A Childhood Trauma Questionnaire was used to take the history of child maltreatment. Global DNA methylation was determined by MethylFlash methylated DNA quantification colorimetric kit. Results: Regarding DNA methylation, there was a statistically significant hypomethylation was detected among those who reported exposure to more than one type of child maltreatment than those who reported no exposure or exposure to only one type. Significant difference was also detected between children who were exposed at the age of nine or less and those above 9 years. Moreover, a significant association was found between the duration and frequency of maltreatment in the prediction of DNA methylation. Conclusion: global DNA hypomethylation can be used as a marker to detect exposure to multiple types of child maltreatment. However, it is not about the early child maltreatment alone, but the accumulation of abuse over time and higher frequency of exposure to child maltreatment that causes more global DNA hypomethylation.","PeriodicalId":7611,"journal":{"name":"Alexandria Journal of Medicine","volume":"55 1","pages":"82 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20905068.2019.1681178","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44513509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/20905068.2019.1686592
Olayinka Rasheed Ibrahim, A. Soladoye, T. O. Adedoyin, O. Mokuolu, M. Abdulkadir, S. Biliaminu
ABSTRACT Background: The value of Cystatin C as a biomarker of Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) among African newborns is unknown, due to paucity of studies, restricting the measurement of GFR in this population of newborns to creatinine clearance despite its limitations. This study was therefore conducted to estimate GFR from serum Cystatin C in a population of Nigerian newborns and explored the relationship with anthropometrics. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, analytical study. A total of 60 healthy preterm and 30 healthy term babies were recruited at a tertiary hospital in North-central, Nigeria. Serum Cystatin C was determined using ELISA according to standard methods. Anthropometric measurements were done with standard methods. The GFR was estimated using Zappitelli’s equation. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 20, and p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Mean serum Cystatin C was 1.20 ± 0.33 (range 0.80–2.20) mg/L with comparable values in males and females (1.19 ± 0.35 vs 1.15 ± 0.31 mg/L, p = 0.481)). Mean serum Cystatin C among preterm babies were higher than term babies (1.31 ± 0.36 vs 1.01 ± 0.11 mg/L, p = < 0.001). Mean estimated GFR was 65.36 ± 16.9 ml/min/1.732 and was comparable in males and females (64.39 ± 17.95 vs 66.52 ± 15.76 ml/min/1.73 m2,p = 0.555). Estimated GFR was lower among preterm than term babies (60.10 ± 17.53 vs 75.89 ± 9.1 ml/min/1.73 m2, p = < 0.001). Serum cystatin C and estimated GFR moderately correlated with gestational age and anthropometrics (length, occipitofrontal circumference and weight). Conclusions: Serum cystatin C as a biomarker GFR among newborns is low compared with most studies done out of Africa. The serum cystatin C and estimated GFR correlated with the gestational age and anthropometric parameters. The findings relationship between the serum Cystatin C, estimated GFR and anthropometrics among the newborns suggested a need for more studies.
摘要背景：半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂C作为非洲新生儿肾小球滤过率（GFR）的生物标志物的价值尚不清楚，因为缺乏研究，尽管其局限性，但仍将该新生儿群体的GFR测量限制为肌酐清除率。因此，本研究旨在通过尼日利亚新生儿血清半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂C来估计肾小球滤过率，并探讨其与人体测量学的关系。方法：这是一项横断面分析研究。尼日利亚中北部一家三级医院共招募了60名健康早产儿和30名健康足月儿。根据标准方法，使用ELISA测定血清半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂C。人体测量是用标准方法进行的。GFR使用Zappitelli方程进行估算。使用SPSS Version 20对数据进行分析，p值<0.05被认为是显著的。结果：平均血清半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂C为1.20±0.33（范围0.80–2.20）mg/L，男性和女性具有可比性（1.19±0.35 vs 1.15±0.31 mg/L，p=0.481）。早产儿的平均血清胱蛋白酶抑制剂C高于足月儿（1.31±0.36 vs 1.01±0.11 mg/L，p<0.001）。平均估计肾小球滤过率为65.36±16.9 ml/min/1.732，男性和雌性具有可比较性（64.39±17.95 vs 66.52±15.76 ml/min/1.73 m2，p=0.555）。早产婴儿的估计GFR低于足月婴儿（60.10±17.53 vs 75.89±9.1 ml/min/11.73 m2，p=<0.001）。血清胱抑素C和估计GFR与胎龄和人体测学（长度、枕额围和体重）中度相关。结论：与非洲的大多数研究相比，新生儿血清胱抑素C作为生物标志物的GFR较低。血清胱抑素C和估计的肾小球滤过率与胎龄和人体测量参数相关。新生儿血清半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂C、估计的肾小球滤过率和人体测量之间的关系表明需要进行更多的研究。
{"title":"Determination of glomerular filtration rate using cystatin C in healthy Nigerian newborns","authors":"Olayinka Rasheed Ibrahim, A. Soladoye, T. O. Adedoyin, O. Mokuolu, M. Abdulkadir, S. Biliaminu","doi":"10.1080/20905068.2019.1686592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20905068.2019.1686592","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background: The value of Cystatin C as a biomarker of Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) among African newborns is unknown, due to paucity of studies, restricting the measurement of GFR in this population of newborns to creatinine clearance despite its limitations. This study was therefore conducted to estimate GFR from serum Cystatin C in a population of Nigerian newborns and explored the relationship with anthropometrics. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, analytical study. A total of 60 healthy preterm and 30 healthy term babies were recruited at a tertiary hospital in North-central, Nigeria. Serum Cystatin C was determined using ELISA according to standard methods. Anthropometric measurements were done with standard methods. The GFR was estimated using Zappitelli’s equation. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 20, and p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Mean serum Cystatin C was 1.20 ± 0.33 (range 0.80–2.20) mg/L with comparable values in males and females (1.19 ± 0.35 vs 1.15 ± 0.31 mg/L, p = 0.481)). Mean serum Cystatin C among preterm babies were higher than term babies (1.31 ± 0.36 vs 1.01 ± 0.11 mg/L, p = < 0.001). Mean estimated GFR was 65.36 ± 16.9 ml/min/1.732 and was comparable in males and females (64.39 ± 17.95 vs 66.52 ± 15.76 ml/min/1.73 m2,p = 0.555). Estimated GFR was lower among preterm than term babies (60.10 ± 17.53 vs 75.89 ± 9.1 ml/min/1.73 m2, p = < 0.001). Serum cystatin C and estimated GFR moderately correlated with gestational age and anthropometrics (length, occipitofrontal circumference and weight). Conclusions: Serum cystatin C as a biomarker GFR among newborns is low compared with most studies done out of Africa. The serum cystatin C and estimated GFR correlated with the gestational age and anthropometric parameters. The findings relationship between the serum Cystatin C, estimated GFR and anthropometrics among the newborns suggested a need for more studies.","PeriodicalId":7611,"journal":{"name":"Alexandria Journal of Medicine","volume":"55 1","pages":"89 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20905068.2019.1686592","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42598168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/20905068.2019.1592890
T. Abbassi-Daloii, S. Yousefi, M. Tahmoorespur, M. Sekhavati
ABSTRACT Brucellosis is an infectious disease caused by different Brucella species. The outer membrane proteins 25 and 31 play a significant role in stimulation of immunity against Brucella. Herein, the humoral and cellular immune responses of selected recombinant proteins emulsified in chitosan nanoparticles as individual (univalent) and simultaneous (divalent) injections were assessed. The humoral and cellular immune responses were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 12 groups (individual and simultaneous injections of rOMP25 and rOMP31 in different protein concentrations) and lymphocyte proliferation was measured using 3–4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay based on average Optical density (OD) of stimulated cells/average OD of unstimulated cells. Finally, data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance. rOMP25 + rOMP31 group stimulated higher titer of INF-γ than other groups, whilst there were no statistically significant differences between all uni/divalent immunized groups. Tumor necrosis factor alpha titer showed no significant difference between divalent immunized groups (except rOMP31 + rOMP25(1) and rOMP31 + rOMP25(3)) and positive control group. Interleukin-4 analysis results demonstrated that there were no significant differences between positive control and uni/divalent vaccinated groups. In addition, analysis of antibody responses revealed rOMP25 + rOMP31, rOMP25 + rOMP31(2), and rOMP25 + rOMP31(3) groups induced higher level of total antibody compared to other immunized groups, although both univalent and divalent immunized mice induced higher IgG2a titer than IgG1 with the mean of IgG2a/IgG1 ratio ~1.01 indicating strong bent of Th1 immune response. The cell proliferation assay demonstrated the vaccination with rOMP25 + rOMP3, rOMP25 + rOMP31(2), and rOMP25 + rOMP31(3) elicited vigorous antigen-specific cell proliferative. rOMP25 + rOMP3, rOMP25 + rOMP31(2), and rOMP25 + rOMP31(3) treatments could be used as potential candidates for developing new subunit vaccines.
{"title":"The antigenicity performance of divalent recombinant B. melitensis vaccines versus univalent ones","authors":"T. Abbassi-Daloii, S. Yousefi, M. Tahmoorespur, M. Sekhavati","doi":"10.1080/20905068.2019.1592890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20905068.2019.1592890","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Brucellosis is an infectious disease caused by different Brucella species. The outer membrane proteins 25 and 31 play a significant role in stimulation of immunity against Brucella. Herein, the humoral and cellular immune responses of selected recombinant proteins emulsified in chitosan nanoparticles as individual (univalent) and simultaneous (divalent) injections were assessed. The humoral and cellular immune responses were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 12 groups (individual and simultaneous injections of rOMP25 and rOMP31 in different protein concentrations) and lymphocyte proliferation was measured using 3–4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay based on average Optical density (OD) of stimulated cells/average OD of unstimulated cells. Finally, data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance. rOMP25 + rOMP31 group stimulated higher titer of INF-γ than other groups, whilst there were no statistically significant differences between all uni/divalent immunized groups. Tumor necrosis factor alpha titer showed no significant difference between divalent immunized groups (except rOMP31 + rOMP25(1) and rOMP31 + rOMP25(3)) and positive control group. Interleukin-4 analysis results demonstrated that there were no significant differences between positive control and uni/divalent vaccinated groups. In addition, analysis of antibody responses revealed rOMP25 + rOMP31, rOMP25 + rOMP31(2), and rOMP25 + rOMP31(3) groups induced higher level of total antibody compared to other immunized groups, although both univalent and divalent immunized mice induced higher IgG2a titer than IgG1 with the mean of IgG2a/IgG1 ratio ~1.01 indicating strong bent of Th1 immune response. The cell proliferation assay demonstrated the vaccination with rOMP25 + rOMP3, rOMP25 + rOMP31(2), and rOMP25 + rOMP31(3) elicited vigorous antigen-specific cell proliferative. rOMP25 + rOMP3, rOMP25 + rOMP31(2), and rOMP25 + rOMP31(3) treatments could be used as potential candidates for developing new subunit vaccines.","PeriodicalId":7611,"journal":{"name":"Alexandria Journal of Medicine","volume":"55 1","pages":"31 - 36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20905068.2019.1592890","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45987032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/20905068.2019.1592935
W. F. Sule, Toluwani O. Fadamitan, Omotayo A. Lawal, W. Adebimpe, O. Opaleye, D. Oluwayelu
ABSTRACT Introduction: According to the World Health Organization, global dengue cases have continually increased in recent decades. In resource-poor countries, such as Nigeria, diagnoses are often missed, putting the general population at risk of significant mortality and morbidity. This study investigated exposure to dengue virus (DENV) and probable primary and secondary DENV infections among new undergraduates in Southwestern Nigeria. Methodology: Institutional-based retrospective study was carried out among 89 eligible undergraduates selected using systematic sampling method. The students were tested for the presence of DENV IgM and IgG antibodies using ELISA kits. Data were statistically analyzed using the SPSS software version 23.0 vis-a-vis their serologic results. Results: Students aged 15–33 years (mean age: 19.7 ± 2.9 years). Mean age of the 46 female students (19.8 ± 3.2 years) was comparable (p = 0.64) to that of the 43 males (19.5 ± 2.7 years). DENV IgM and IgG prevalence rates were 41.6% and 33.7%, respectively. Unlike DENV IgG prevalence, older age (18–33 years) and feminine gender were, respectively, associated with IgM positivity (p = 0.05 [odds ratio (OR) = 2.7]; p = 0.001 [OR = 4.7]). Probable primary and secondary DENV infections were 22.5% and 33.7%, respectively, with 43.8% of the students being susceptible to DENV infection. Those with primary infections not only stood the risk of secondary heterotypic infections with possibility of severe dengue but they might also be infectious to Aedes mosquitoes, thus further spreading the virus. Conclusions: The observed high antibody prevalence rates further establish local endemicity of dengue and calls for intensification of prevention efforts targeting the general population.
{"title":"Probable primary and secondary dengue viral infections and associated host factors among university undergraduates in Osun State, Nigeria","authors":"W. F. Sule, Toluwani O. Fadamitan, Omotayo A. Lawal, W. Adebimpe, O. Opaleye, D. Oluwayelu","doi":"10.1080/20905068.2019.1592935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20905068.2019.1592935","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction: According to the World Health Organization, global dengue cases have continually increased in recent decades. In resource-poor countries, such as Nigeria, diagnoses are often missed, putting the general population at risk of significant mortality and morbidity. This study investigated exposure to dengue virus (DENV) and probable primary and secondary DENV infections among new undergraduates in Southwestern Nigeria. Methodology: Institutional-based retrospective study was carried out among 89 eligible undergraduates selected using systematic sampling method. The students were tested for the presence of DENV IgM and IgG antibodies using ELISA kits. Data were statistically analyzed using the SPSS software version 23.0 vis-a-vis their serologic results. Results: Students aged 15–33 years (mean age: 19.7 ± 2.9 years). Mean age of the 46 female students (19.8 ± 3.2 years) was comparable (p = 0.64) to that of the 43 males (19.5 ± 2.7 years). DENV IgM and IgG prevalence rates were 41.6% and 33.7%, respectively. Unlike DENV IgG prevalence, older age (18–33 years) and feminine gender were, respectively, associated with IgM positivity (p = 0.05 [odds ratio (OR) = 2.7]; p = 0.001 [OR = 4.7]). Probable primary and secondary DENV infections were 22.5% and 33.7%, respectively, with 43.8% of the students being susceptible to DENV infection. Those with primary infections not only stood the risk of secondary heterotypic infections with possibility of severe dengue but they might also be infectious to Aedes mosquitoes, thus further spreading the virus. Conclusions: The observed high antibody prevalence rates further establish local endemicity of dengue and calls for intensification of prevention efforts targeting the general population.","PeriodicalId":7611,"journal":{"name":"Alexandria Journal of Medicine","volume":"55 1","pages":"25 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20905068.2019.1592935","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43382578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/20905068.2019.1658340
B. Eghan, F. Agyemang-Yeboah, Eliezer Togbe, M. Annani-Akollor, S. Donkor, B. Afranie
ABSTRACT Background: Although visceral fat (VF) and its influence on cardiovascular diseases have been extensively studied among diabetic patients, there is a need for an easier, and less expensive but equally good predictor for VF. This study was conducted to assess potential anthropometric measurements that can be directly linked to visceral fat levels among diabetic patients. Method: 405 diabetic patients attending the Diabetic clinic of the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) in Kumasi-Ghana were recruited. A well-structured questionnaire was used to obtain the demographic background and brief medical history. Anthropometric measurements were obtained by direct measurement and visceral fat levels was measured using the Body Composition Monitor (Omron ® 500, Germany) which generated digital results on a screen. Results: The total participants comprised 81 males and 324 females, with an average age of 58.5 ± 9.9 years. The females exhibited a higher mean waist circumference (101.4 ± 12.3 cm) and average hip circumference (104.6 ± 9.9 cm) than the males. The female participants also had higher body mass index (BMI) (28.3 ± 5.1 kg/m2) compared to males (26.5 ± 4.2 kg/m2). The association between VF and waist circumference was r = 0.631, p ˂ 0.001, followed by hip circumference (r = 0.536; p < 0.001). The significant predictive abilities of waist circumference and hip circumference to identify diabetic patients with high visceral fat were AUC = 0.787; p ˂ 0.001 and AUC = 0.786; p ˂ 0.001, respectively. Conclusion: Waist circumference and hip circumference promise to be potential alternative predictors of visceral fat accumulation in type 2 diabetes.
{"title":"Waist circumference and hip circumference as potential predictors of visceral fat estimate among type 2 diabetic patients at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), Kumasi-Ghana","authors":"B. Eghan, F. Agyemang-Yeboah, Eliezer Togbe, M. Annani-Akollor, S. Donkor, B. Afranie","doi":"10.1080/20905068.2019.1658340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20905068.2019.1658340","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background: Although visceral fat (VF) and its influence on cardiovascular diseases have been extensively studied among diabetic patients, there is a need for an easier, and less expensive but equally good predictor for VF. This study was conducted to assess potential anthropometric measurements that can be directly linked to visceral fat levels among diabetic patients. Method: 405 diabetic patients attending the Diabetic clinic of the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) in Kumasi-Ghana were recruited. A well-structured questionnaire was used to obtain the demographic background and brief medical history. Anthropometric measurements were obtained by direct measurement and visceral fat levels was measured using the Body Composition Monitor (Omron ® 500, Germany) which generated digital results on a screen. Results: The total participants comprised 81 males and 324 females, with an average age of 58.5 ± 9.9 years. The females exhibited a higher mean waist circumference (101.4 ± 12.3 cm) and average hip circumference (104.6 ± 9.9 cm) than the males. The female participants also had higher body mass index (BMI) (28.3 ± 5.1 kg/m2) compared to males (26.5 ± 4.2 kg/m2). The association between VF and waist circumference was r = 0.631, p ˂ 0.001, followed by hip circumference (r = 0.536; p < 0.001). The significant predictive abilities of waist circumference and hip circumference to identify diabetic patients with high visceral fat were AUC = 0.787; p ˂ 0.001 and AUC = 0.786; p ˂ 0.001, respectively. Conclusion: Waist circumference and hip circumference promise to be potential alternative predictors of visceral fat accumulation in type 2 diabetes.","PeriodicalId":7611,"journal":{"name":"Alexandria Journal of Medicine","volume":"55 1","pages":"49 - 56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20905068.2019.1658340","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43583191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/20905068.2019.1592940
Amr Ahmed Abdou Ettish, W. Etman, A. Ramadan, B. Ramadan
ABSTRACT Introduction: Secondary (Functional) tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a common problem in cardiac surgery that occurs secondary to left-sided valvular heart disease, more evident with mitral valve pathology, especially mitral stenosis. Right ventricular overload caused by pulmonary hypertension is the main leading factor causing right ventricular enlargement and tricuspid annular dilatation. Many techniques were developed for repair of tricuspid incompetence. Some techniques failed to show good results and even the regurgitation may recur with progression of disease. We studied the early results of tricuspid annuloplasty procedure using flexible band made of autologous pericardium. Methods: The study was conducted from September 2016 to July 2018. Thirty patients treated with tricuspid annuloplasty using flexible band made of autologous pericardium for functional TR. Concomitant procedures included mitral valve replacement in 24 patients and mitral-aortic valve replacement in 6 patients. Follow-ups both clinically to assess the functional status (NYHA class) and by echocardiography were used to judge on success of repair. During the study, another nine patients were treated with Devega repair due to surgeon preference. The results with this method were compared with a group collected from the records. Results: Thirty patients were operated using a flexible band of pericardium and followed up for at least 1 year. There was no mortality, neither in hospital nor during follow-up period. The severity of TR and the functional status improved with time. Twenty-eight patients (93.3%) were in NYHA class I at 1-year postoperative follow-up. Freedom from recurrent TR was 96.7% at 1 year. In comparison to the traditionally used Devega repair, there were no statistical differences neither in postoperative TR nor in functional status. Discussion: Tricuspid repair using flexible band of autologous pericardium is an option for functional TR. Further studies with a larger number of samples and a longer term of follow-up are necessary to confirm our findings.
{"title":"Flexible band made of autologous pericardium for functional tricuspid regurgitation repair","authors":"Amr Ahmed Abdou Ettish, W. Etman, A. Ramadan, B. Ramadan","doi":"10.1080/20905068.2019.1592940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20905068.2019.1592940","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction: Secondary (Functional) tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a common problem in cardiac surgery that occurs secondary to left-sided valvular heart disease, more evident with mitral valve pathology, especially mitral stenosis. Right ventricular overload caused by pulmonary hypertension is the main leading factor causing right ventricular enlargement and tricuspid annular dilatation. Many techniques were developed for repair of tricuspid incompetence. Some techniques failed to show good results and even the regurgitation may recur with progression of disease. We studied the early results of tricuspid annuloplasty procedure using flexible band made of autologous pericardium. Methods: The study was conducted from September 2016 to July 2018. Thirty patients treated with tricuspid annuloplasty using flexible band made of autologous pericardium for functional TR. Concomitant procedures included mitral valve replacement in 24 patients and mitral-aortic valve replacement in 6 patients. Follow-ups both clinically to assess the functional status (NYHA class) and by echocardiography were used to judge on success of repair. During the study, another nine patients were treated with Devega repair due to surgeon preference. The results with this method were compared with a group collected from the records. Results: Thirty patients were operated using a flexible band of pericardium and followed up for at least 1 year. There was no mortality, neither in hospital nor during follow-up period. The severity of TR and the functional status improved with time. Twenty-eight patients (93.3%) were in NYHA class I at 1-year postoperative follow-up. Freedom from recurrent TR was 96.7% at 1 year. In comparison to the traditionally used Devega repair, there were no statistical differences neither in postoperative TR nor in functional status. Discussion: Tricuspid repair using flexible band of autologous pericardium is an option for functional TR. Further studies with a larger number of samples and a longer term of follow-up are necessary to confirm our findings.","PeriodicalId":7611,"journal":{"name":"Alexandria Journal of Medicine","volume":"55 1","pages":"44 - 48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20905068.2019.1592940","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48739462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/20905068.2019.1592939
Roqayeh Parsaei, H. Roohafza, A. Feizi, N. Sarrafzadegan
ABSTRACT Background and objective: Quality of Life (QoL) indicates individual’s perception of the physical, psychological and social aspects of health. To the best of our knowledge, there is no study that examined the association of QoL with composite measure of common psychological problems i.e. anxiety, depression and psychological distress in manufacturing employees. This study aimed to investigate the association of QoL with common psychological problems profile in manufacturing employees. Material and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 3063 employees of “E” Steel Company (ESCO). Psychological distress, anxiety and depression were assessed by self-administered 12-item general health questionnaire (GHQ-12) and hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS). Euro-QoL five dimensions questionnaire (EQ-5D) was used to assess the QoL. Latent class analysis (LCA) and latent class regression (LCR) were used for analyzing data. Results: LCA identified two classes of participants: low QoL (20%) and high QoL (80%). LCR, after adjusting for the effects of confounding variables including demographic, life style and job-related variables, showed that the higher scores of psychological problems profile was significantly associated with increased odds of being in poor QoL class; (OR: 6.03, 95% CI: 3.76,9.69). Conclusion: In conclusion, higher scores of psychological problems profile are positively associated with poor QoL. QoL can be improved among manufacturing employees through conducting screening programs for identifying affective individuals and implementing health promoting interventions aiming to reduce psychological problems impacts and finally productivity of working force.
背景与目的:生活质量(Quality of Life, QoL)反映了个体对健康的生理、心理和社会方面的感知。据我们所知，目前还没有研究检验制造业员工的生活质量与常见心理问题(如焦虑、抑郁和心理困扰)的综合测量之间的关系。本研究旨在探讨制造业员工生活质量与常见心理问题的关系。材料与方法:本横断面研究以“E”钢铁公司(ESCO) 3063名员工为研究对象。采用自填12项一般健康问卷(GHQ-12)和医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)评估心理困扰、焦虑和抑郁。采用Euro-QoL五维度问卷(EQ-5D)评估患者的生活质量。采用潜类分析(LCA)和潜类回归(LCR)对数据进行分析。结果:LCA确定了两类参与者:低生活质量(20%)和高生活质量(80%)。在调整了人口统计学、生活方式和工作相关变量等混杂变量的影响后，LCR显示，心理问题剖面得分越高，生活质量较差的几率越高;(or: 6.03, 95% ci: 3.76,9.69)。结论:心理问题单项得分越高，生活质量越差。制造业员工的生活质量可以通过筛选项目来识别情感个体，并实施旨在减少心理问题影响和最终生产力的健康促进干预措施来改善。
{"title":"Quality of life and common psychological problems profile in a large sample of manufacturing employees in a developing country: an association analysis using latent class regression","authors":"Roqayeh Parsaei, H. Roohafza, A. Feizi, N. Sarrafzadegan","doi":"10.1080/20905068.2019.1592939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20905068.2019.1592939","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background and objective: Quality of Life (QoL) indicates individual’s perception of the physical, psychological and social aspects of health. To the best of our knowledge, there is no study that examined the association of QoL with composite measure of common psychological problems i.e. anxiety, depression and psychological distress in manufacturing employees. This study aimed to investigate the association of QoL with common psychological problems profile in manufacturing employees. Material and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 3063 employees of “E” Steel Company (ESCO). Psychological distress, anxiety and depression were assessed by self-administered 12-item general health questionnaire (GHQ-12) and hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS). Euro-QoL five dimensions questionnaire (EQ-5D) was used to assess the QoL. Latent class analysis (LCA) and latent class regression (LCR) were used for analyzing data. Results: LCA identified two classes of participants: low QoL (20%) and high QoL (80%). LCR, after adjusting for the effects of confounding variables including demographic, life style and job-related variables, showed that the higher scores of psychological problems profile was significantly associated with increased odds of being in poor QoL class; (OR: 6.03, 95% CI: 3.76,9.69). Conclusion: In conclusion, higher scores of psychological problems profile are positively associated with poor QoL. QoL can be improved among manufacturing employees through conducting screening programs for identifying affective individuals and implementing health promoting interventions aiming to reduce psychological problems impacts and finally productivity of working force.","PeriodicalId":7611,"journal":{"name":"Alexandria Journal of Medicine","volume":"55 1","pages":"37 - 43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20905068.2019.1592939","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42663491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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