Advances in Traditional Medicine最新文献

COVID-19 pneumonia and long COVID is commonly associated with cough, dyspnea and declined oxygen saturation (SpO₂). Cupping has been used as an adjuvant therapy to improve SpO₂ and respiratory symptoms. This research was conducted as an assessor- and analyst-blinded, randomized controlled trial. A total of 72 hospitalized patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 were randomly assigned into two groups: (1) cupping (CUPP); and (2) control (CTRL), all receiving conventional treatment. In CUPP, warm cupping was performed for 3–7 days (three times, daily). The primary clinical outcomes were SpO₂ and respiratory rate (RR). COVID-19-related hospitalization duration, intensive care unit admission and duration, need for intubation, and mortality (all up to day 28) were evaluated as secondary efficacy endpoints. Furthermore, severity of cough, dyspnea, chest tightness, and oxygen demand were considered as secondary outcomes. Thirty-four patients in CUPP and 33 patients in CTRL completed the study. After 3 days, RR decreased in CUPP significantly (p < 0.001), unlike CTRL (p > 0.05). After 7 days of intervention, SpO₂ improved up to 13% in CUPP versus 0.07% in CTRL (p < 0.001). Compared with CTRL, patients in CUPP were discharged sooner (mean: 12.1 vs. 3.9, respectively) and faced no serious adverse events (p < 0.001). Moreover, after 28 days of follow-up, all CUPP patients were discharged from the hospital. In contrast, eight patients from the CTRL expired. Within 3 days, respiratory symptoms improved significantly in CUPP compared with CTRL (p < 0.05). Adjuvant cupping therapy accelerates alleviation of respiratory symptoms and prevents morbidities and mortalities in COVID-19 patients.

To predict the targets of small molecules from traditional plants using an artificial intelligence (AI) approach for myocardial infarction. In this study, we used different web servers and software to predict the targets of small molecule from plant of interest. The methanolic extract of Aganosma dichotoma was screened and the presence of small molecules was confirmed by GC–MS analysis. In this study, Methyl beta d-xylopyranoside is a Methyl glycoside, which was identified as a small molecule (164.16 gms/mol). Pharmacokinetic and toxicity prediction of methyl glycoside showed good bioavailability, accepting the five rules of Lipinki and LD50 ≥ 5000 mg/kg. Differentially expressed genes were identified from the datasets and overlapping genes were assessed for gene enrichment analysis pathways with p < 0.05. A PPI network was constructed and hub genes were identified. Anti-oxidant potency of small molecule is validated through in-vitro anti-oxidant activity through DPPH and ABTS analysis where, small molecule DPPH, ABTS activity was reported to have an IC50 value of 51.09%, 80.67% and 48.41%, 90.19% at 0.1 μM/ml, 0.5 μM/ml concentrations respectively. The small molecule methyl beta d-xylopyranoside is a robust antioxidant that may act against myocardial infarction caused by ischemia and free radical generation, but needs to be validated through further in vivo studies.

Nauclea pobeguinii (N. pobeguinii) is a plant used in African medicine to treat many gastroduodenal diseases. In this study, we determined the gastro-protective mechanisms and anti-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) properties of N. pobeguinii extracts. Wound healing activity (acetic acid test), anti-secretory properties (pyloric ligation, pyloric ligation/acetylcholine and pyloric ligation/histamine tests) and cytoprotective effects (ethanol test) were assessed in female rat, the anti-Helicobacter pylori (agar well diffusion method) was also evaluated. At doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, the extracts reduce (p < 0.001) the various ulceration parameters. In the acetic acid test, the extracts (200 mg/kg) reduced ulcerated areas by 99.23% (aqueous) and by 98.47% (methanol), levels of monocytes, lymphocytes, nitrogen, malondialdehyde and increased (p < 0.001) superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. Histological analysis showed repair of the mucosal epithelium at all doses of both extracts. Aqueous and methanol extracts inhibited ulceration indices by 99.68 and 99.33% (pyloric ligation), 83.81% and 61.07% (pyloric ligation/acetylcholine), 97.49% and 98.50% (pylorus ligation/histamine); they increased (p < 0.001) the mucus mass and uterine mass. In vitro, the different H. pylori isolates were sensitive to both extracts; the aqueous extract showed strong anti-urease activity, a large diameter of the inhibitory zone and a better minimum inhibitory concentration. Aqueous and methanolic extracts of N. pobeguinii healed ulcers through their estrogen-modulating anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-secretory and cytoprotective properties. The aqueous extract of N. pobeguinii could be a good solution for the treatment of this infection.

Nowadays, theoretical chemistry has experienced a great advance in the search for drugs for the treatment of various human and animal pathologies. Although it is expected that medicinal plants constitute a great source for the research of compounds, the present study has been carried out to provide a list of important plants that can be explored in the research of antiviral compounds. The main objective is to search for medicinal plant(s) that can be used to treat various viral pathologies; in other words, the search for broad spectrum antiviral plants. Thus, several articles of synthesis, original research, systematic review on antiviral plants from different countries are consulted in this study. A total of 694 species of medicinal plants from 152 families were extracted from the literature against 17 virus families including Adenoviridae, Alloherpesviridae, Arteriviridae, Birnaviridae, Coronaviridae, Flaviviridae, Herpesviridae, Nimaviridae, Orthomyxoviridae, Papillomaviridae, Parvoviridae, Picornaviridae, Poxviridae, Reoviridae, Retroviridae, Togaviridae. The most cited families of plants are Fabaceae (11.38%), Lamiaceae (5.90%), Asteraceae (5.61%), Rubiaceae (3.45%) and Euphorbiaceae (3.02%). The three (3) most cited species that can treat several viral diseases are Allium sativum, Azadirachta indica and Zingiber officinale. These plants can be a starting point for antiviral drug research and the compounds already isolated from these plants can be subject to molecular docking in order to explore their antiviral potential.

The Abagusii people of Western Kenya have rich traditional medicine practices which have remained scantly documented. The current study sort to review relevant ethnomedicinal information which was extracted from relevantbooks, journals and theses that were published before March 2021. Also, online electronic databases accessed between April 2020 to March 2021 were used. After identifying potential literature sources, an inventory of medicinal plants used by the Abagusii community was created using Excel Spreadsheet (Microsoft 365) and analyzed qualitatively. Informant Consensus Factor values were computed as a measure of homogeneity. Two hundred and fifteen plant species, mostly belonging to Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, and Solanaceae families, were identified and 870 use reports were documented. Further, our findings revealed that most plants were used to treat intestinal/gastric diseases, skin infections, disorders, musculoskeletal disorders, and syndromes. Plant parts and forms used commonly were the leaves and herbs, respectively. The Abagusii people mostly prepare plant medicines as decoctions, often for drinking orally to treat diseases. It was noted that there was substantial sharing of ethnomedicinal information on various diseases among the people of Kisii and Nyamira Counties, except for anthrax, cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and evil eyes conditions, which lacked homogeneity. Our study revealed the integral role of medicinal plants in promoting health among the Abagusii community of Kenya in managing various diseases. Our study lays a framework for empirical studies towards validating medical plants of the Abagusii people managing various ailments and potential development of alternative, efficacious, affordable, accessible, and safe therapeutic remedies.

Lead is one of the most common heavy metal elements and has high biological toxicity. Polydatin (PD), also known as piceid (3, 4′, 5-trihydroxystilbene-3-β-D-glucoside), is a monocrystalline compound isolated from Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. (Polygonaceae), but is also found in fruits and many daily diets. Aim of this research is polydatin as a potential candidate that alleviates lead poisoning: insights from biochemical and oxidative damage in lead-Induced Wistar rats. The study employed 42 Wistar rats of 90 days of age (150–200 g) which were randomly divided into six (6) groups and used for sub-chronic toxicity study according to OECD 407 guideline were lead acetate (PbAc) was administered for 90 days and followed by treatment with PD for 30 days. Control DW (1 mL/kg); PbAc (120 mg/kg); PbAc (120 mg/kg) + PD (250 mg/kg); PbAc (120 mg/kg) + PD (500 mg/kg); PbAc (120 mg/kg) + PD (1000 mg/kg); and PbAc (120 mg/kg) + DMSA (10 mg/kg) daily for 16 weeks per oral. At the end of treatment period, blood, plasma and organs samples were evaluated for blood lead levels (BLLs), biochemical parameters, oxidative stress markers and histopathology. PD and DMSA significantly (p < 0.05) reduced liver indices of PbAc-induced toxicity in rats with the exceptions of total and direct bilirubin which were significantly (p < 0.05) elevated. PD and DMSA significantly (p < 0.05) restored levels of renal indices and lipid profiles in PbAc-induced toxicity in rats by reducing the levels in serum and the effects were dose depended in all parameters. Furthermore, PD and DMSA also alleviate PbAc-induced MDA, GSH levels and inhibition of CAT and SOD in rats. PD alleviates lead poisoning through its ability to improve biochemical and oxidative damage in lead-induced rats. The overall findings shows that polydatin alleviates lead poisoning which might be due its ability to improve biochemical and oxidative damage through stabilizing the levels GSH, MDA and activities of SOD, CAT in lead-induced toxicity in Wistar rats.

As a result of the analysis of the distribution of wild medicinal plants on the territory of the Tomsk region, a list of species used for medical treatment has been formed. The list includes 129 species of medicinal plants belonging to 110 genera and 37 families. The most rich in the composition of medicinal plants used for the treatment of various diseases are the following families: Asteraceae, Ranunculaceae, Apiaceae, Rosaceae, Liliaceae, Brassicaceae, Boraginaceae. Out of 129 species of medicinal plants, 91 species are used in folk medicine, 31 species belong to official medicinal plants, and 27 species are poisonous. In most species, the aboveground part is used (70 species), in 29 species, the underground part is used, in the rest of the plants, separate organs of the aboveground or underground part are used. Of the entire list of medicinal plants, 36 species can be classified as frequently occurring, 20 species as common, 29 species as rare and very rare, and the remaining species are infrequent and rare.

Aromatic medicinal plants are a great source of active principles that can be used to treat several diseases. The objective of this study was to identify the aromatic plants used in traditional medicine to treat the most recurrent diseases in the locality of Oyem. An ethnobotanical survey was conducted among traditional healers in Oyem. Descriptive statistical methods were used to analyze the ethnopharmacological survey data and various quantitative indices, including informant consensus factor, use value, relative citation frequency, and level of fidelity. The data collected identified 72 plant species belonging to 23 families. Decoction, infusion and maceration were the three most commonly used methods of preparation. The most commonly used plant parts were leaves and barks. Cough-associated diseases had the highest RCF (0.630). The RCF was highest for Desmodium salicifolium DC (0.0713), The use values (UV) ranged from 0.11 to 0.93. These results provide a good data base for studies on fragrant plants.