Patologia polska最新文献

Proliferative activity - as measured by the length of proliferation zone and the proliferation index - was studied in 106 gastric biopsies including 27 biopsies with normal mucosa, 53 with chronic superficial gastritis and 26 with chronic atrophic gastritis. Proliferative activity was assessed with PCNA/cyclin monoclonal antibodies and immunohistochemistry in alcohol fixed paraffin embedded sections. Significantly increased mean proliferation index was found in chronic atrophic gastritis as compared with chronic superficial gastritis and normal mucosa. The PCNA/cyclin index that can easily be measured in paraffin embedded sections can be included as an additional criterion to existing histopathologic classifications of gastritis.

The author, while discussing the causes of increased demand for use of laboratory animals in biomedical research in the recent several decades, describes the origin of various social movements for the defense of the rights of animals in many countries. The paper lists the methods and ways of defending the animals' rights and numerous examples of appropriate resolutions and instructions of world institutions (UN, UNESCO, WHO), international and national bodies to regulate the animals' rights, protection and use for experimental and production purposes. The need for supervision of animal experiments, limitation of their use (only in indispensable and justified cases) and replacement with alternative methods for instance with cell, bacterial and fungal cultures, studies on species of a lower order, etc. is indicated. The author suggests that the number of laboratory animals in biomedical studies should be decreased emphasizing the need for appropriate organizational and administrative changes and use of animals with high sanitary and hygienic standards. The final part of the paper is devoted to nonspecific (environmental) anatomic and pathological changes found in the organs of laboratory animals. Based upon the proposed scoring system the author advocates a detailed description of these changes and comparison of the total pattern of changes with those in a matched control group.

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA/cyclin) is a useful marker of proliferation and its expression correlates with prognosis in some human neoplasms. The clinical course of nodular sclerosis Hodgkin's disease (NSHD) varies in both grades (NSI, NSII) as defined by the British National Lymphoma Investigation. Expression of PCNA in Reed-Sternberg cells and their variants was evaluated in NSI and NSII. There were no significant differences in the ratio of PCNA-positive cells in both groups. The results suggest that differences in the clinical course do not depend on the proliferative rate of Reed-Sternberg cells and their variants in NSHD.

An electron-microscopic examination of ten cases of malignant pleural mesothelioma is presented. The most characteristic features for diagnosis are: presence of microvilli and desmosomes, abundant intermediate filaments and direct contact between microvilli and collagen fibres. Microvilli were present not only on the luminal surface of the cells, but also on the abluminal surfaces. Differentiation towards the cells characteristic for rhabdomyosarcoma was found in one case.

Epithelial odontogenic cyst develop either in result od peridental inflammation-radicular cyst, or in result of developmental disturbances in the course of the odontogenesis. The latter are divided into primordial and dentigerous cysts. Some odontogenic cysts are lined with squamous keratotic epithelium -ortho- or parakeratotic type. The latter is characterized by higher recurrence rate and malignant potential. Primary intraosseous carcinoma (PIOC) both keratizing and nonkeratizing might originate in keratocyst. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma and occasionally other benign and malignant sialogenic tumors might originate in keratocyst either. In addition in the jaw-bones with the odontogenic cyst or even without the cyst, squamous odontogenic tumor (SOT) can develop or so-called squamous odontogenic tumor-like proliferation in odontogenic cyst (SOT-LPOC). PIOC is a cancer of low grade malignant potential. Biology of SOT and SOT-LPOC in not elucidated yet as these are not frequently occurred lesion.

Forty eight human brain tumors: 31 primary glial tumors and 17 metastasizing neoplasms were submitted for an immunocytochemical characterization of mononuclear cell infiltrates in tumor tissue and in its surroundings, with antibodies CD 68, CD45RO, UHCL1, EMB11, CD21 and OPD4. It was found that cells were mainly marked with CD68 and CD45RO, UHCL1. The counting of the marked and unmarked mononuclear cells proved that there is a high degree of variability in cell density which is tumor type and case depended. The results indicate that there were fewer cells which reacted to the antibody EMB11 as compared with cells marked with other antibodies. With CD21 and OPD4 only single cells were marked. A great number of cells remained unmarked. There was a significant difference between the primary glial and the metastatic tumors as far as the number of marked cells is concerned. It is suggested that the difference between primary and metastatic tumors in the number of mononuclear cell infiltrates can be connected with a possibility that the metastatic tumor will present its antigenicity easier as compared with primary tumors of glial origin.

The following examination was carried out confirm the effect of Photodynamic Therapy on tumor damage induction in Wistar rats. 20 male Wistar rats bearing interstitioma testis with mean diameter of 2 cm were treated with Photodynamic Therapy, i.e. injected intravenously with alkaline solution of meta-tetra-hydroxyphenyl-porphyrin in dose of 5 mg/kg of body weight and after 24 hrs the tumors were irradiated with red light (650 nm). 2 hrs later these rats were injected intravenously with dye, i.e. 1% solution of Evans Blue in volume of 5 ml per one rat. After next 2 hrs animals were sacrificed. Necrosis areas in tumors were evaluated both on routine paraffin embedded sections without Evans Blue injections, stained with HE only and on paraffin sections from sample containing dye alone. There was the significant increase in necrosis size in treated tumors in comparison to untreated controls or tumors that were given photosensitizer, i.e. porphyrin or light alone. Present data indicate positive role of Photodynamic Therapy on interstitioma testis necrosis induction in Wistar rats.

This article summed up 4 years experiences in the creation and working with software package for collection, processing and storage of data in the form of standard database. Software package--PATHOLOGIST--can be implemented on microcomputer compatible with IBM PC. This package manages 92 relative databases in the order to gather all possible information about performed histological, cytological, immunological examinations as well as autopsy.

In the autopsy material of 2932 men and 3051 women the frequency of fresh myocardial infarct and the severity of coronary atherosclerosis were highly significantly lower in the population suffering from malignancies than in that free of cancer. Lower frequency of myocardial infarct seems to result from lower severity of coronary atherosclerosis. The incidence rate of myocardial infarct was also significantly lower in the cancer--bearing group when both compared populations showed identical, severe (grade 4) coronary atherosclerosis. This observation seems to indicate lesser contribution of coronary spasm in cancerous population and justifies the discussion of possible significance of EDRF (endothelium-derived relaxing factor) and catecholamines.

A case of splenogonadal fusion in a 60/year-old man has been described. This congenital malformation in this very case was composed of an abnormal fusion between the spleen and epididymis. This is an 124th case reported in the literature.