Sbornik vedeckych praci Lekarske fakulty Karlovy univerzity v Hradci Kralove. Supplementum最新文献

Providing in vitro experimentation on cells, the authors monitor general biologic effects of the fixation composite Nimetic Grip (ESPE). Cytotoxicity of three components of supplied package is tested with both dynamic identification of contact cytotoxicity and macro contact test. Those concerned are composite cements. Nimetic Grip Opak and Transparent as well as Nimetic Bond adhesive varnish. All the observed materials were shown to induce morphologic changes on HEp-2 cells.

In order to study the influence of diazepam on both cholinergistic and non-cholinergistic (stressogenic) effects of phosphororganic insecticide dichlorovos, both the activity of cholinesterase in selected organs and blood as well as biochemical markers of stress (plasma corticosterone, tyrosine aminotransferase activity in the liver) have been applied. Comparing the course of diazepam-treated and untreated dichlorovos intoxication, cholinesterases showed greater increase in inhibition in the first case. There was smaller decrease in activity of acetylcholinesterase in CNS and diaphragm compared with untreated intoxication. Although the changes of plasma corticosterone level were entirely corresponding to those of untreated intoxication, there was still greater increase in activity of tyrosine aminotransferase when compared with untreated intoxication. A marked increase in activity of tyrosine aminotransferase is more convenient for an intoxicated organism, because tyrosine aminotransferase stimulates gluconeogenesis. Even in absence of a complete elimination of cholinergistic and stressogenic effects of dichlorovos, diazepam, as a drug, influenced markedly their course. Thus its significance of component of a complexive atropine-oxime therapy of the intoxication with organophosphates appears to be undiscussible and wider than stressed usually.

The WALLMO program was used in comparing normal kinetic values of left ventricle wall with those obtained from control patients and literature sources. Authors concluded that, when based on the original data for RAO projection, the evaluation of regional LV wall contractility gives erroneous results in estimating whether a given section is normo- hypo- or hyperkinetic. Therefore, the set of normal kinetic values of LV motion has been formed for individual numbers of radials. This set may be used also at other working sites.

The aim of the study was to elucidate the role of UV radiation in the etiology of malignant melanoma within the conditions of East Bohemia region. In selected patients with malignant melanoma, anamnestic data pertinent to the frequency of sun-bathing as well as a bulk of the occupational indoor exposures brought about the action of UV-light artificial sources have been withdrawn from past history. Constitutional features for suspected photosensitivity such as the fair skin complexion and skin phototype, were investigated. The object of assumption was also the site of anatomical localization (i. e. body site distribution) of primary malignant melanoma. In a selected group of patients, routine phototesting followed by the above-threshold skin phototests were carried out with the aim to assess the capacity of reparative processes essentially occurring in the irradiated skin. In the epidemiologically oriented part of study, presumable relationships between the year's maxima of sunlight radiation and the increases in the incidence of malignant melanoma were treated statistically. It followed from the results obtained that sunlight itself is not a decisive factor and cannot explain an increased incidence of malignant melanoma in East Bohemia region.

A total of 36 children age-ranged from 2 up to 34 mos (17 boys and 19 girls) with previous surgery for the vesico-renal reflux has been evaluated. This disorder had most commonly been classified to be of higher degree (IV. and V.--45%) and often showed no response on repeated conservative treatment with even stronger antibiotics. The boys (27 ureters) and girls (31 ureters) underwent the 32 antireflux operations after Anderson-Glenn and those 26 after Politano-Leadbetter, respectively. In 6 ureters, their resection and modelling after Hendren was necessary to be done. On post-operative check-out, the 6 post-antireflux Anderson-Glenn's plastic ureters revealed on miction cystography the persistent vesico-renal reflux re-operated subsequently in accord with Politano-Leadbetter. From them, in 2 ureters the post-operative stricture has occurred in the site of ureter-to-bladder healing that was transitorily secured with percutaneous nephrostomy.

Penis necrosis secondary to circumcision by an electrical scalpel in a 2 years and 2 months-old boy occurred. After healing of the electric burn only stumps of the erectile bodies and strictured urethral meatus remained. The penis shaft reconstruction by corpora mobilisation and by detachment of the crura from the pubo-ischial rami was effected. This procedure gained 6 cm of a new length of the penis. To prevent readhesions to the puboischial rami the penis was buried in a scrotal tunnel. Six months later the denuded shaft was resurfaced with one split thickness skin graft and a zigzag seam on the ventral side was made. The patient voids with good stream, has spontaneous erections and nocturnal emissions. During 10-years follow-up after the reconstruction two complications, namely a stricture of the urethra and a slight dorsal tethering of the penis caused by a scarred pubic skin were treated. The problems of the a reconstruction type and resurfacing of the penis in childhood are discussed.

The method is described to compare the quality of two diagnostic approaches as based on comparing surfaces under the ROC test curve. Apart from small deviations, this method may be applied on independent samples and paired observations carried on identical individuals. Experimental data are issued from comparing two methods of prediction of the survival in dogs on the radiobiologic experiment.

Both healthy female rats of the Wistar strain (VELAZ breed) and those irradiated with a single whole-body dose of 5 Gy gamma radiation (60Co) were exposed on the back to non-contact infrared radiation (IR lamp with an output of 250 W: skin surface temperature at a distance of 3 cm from the crown of the lamp = magnitude of 110 +/- 2 degrees C) for time periods of 40 s, 20 s, 10 s (healthy) and 20 s (irradiated animals). The surface range of thermic damage to the skin was determined using planimetry and measuring the length and the width of the burn with the respect to an immediate contraction. The mean values of an immediate retraction of the burnt skin and the interval of reliability of their estimate (p < 0.05) were significantly lower in 10 s exposure and in whole-body irradiation rats after 20 s (magnitude of 5.6 +/- 2.5 % ... 10 s; magnitude of 12.56 +/- 3.86 % ... in irradiated animals) than the retraction of non-irradiated rats (magnitude of 15.98 +/- 4.86 % ... in 20 s; magnitude of 31.88 +/- 7.34 % ... in 40 s). For a period of 90 min after burning, no substantial changes were found in rectal temperature (33.4 degrees C to 35.4 degrees C). Before a thermic trauma the drop in the temperature from the skin surface reached cca 2 degrees C subcutaneously, after burning in the centre of the burn about 17 degrees C and 9 degrees C in other exposures using the IR lamp. The mean time of burn healing in non-irradiated animals was the shortest in 10 s exposure (magnitude of 17 +/- 2 days), the damage in the centre reaching II b degree while after 40 s exposure the burn reached IV degree and also the longest healing time (magnitude of 60 +/- 4 days). After 20 s exposure, the mean healing times in irradiated rats were longer (magnitude of 39 +/- 3) days and so the skin damage (III to IV degree) as compared with non-irradiated animals where the mean healing time amounted to (34 +/- 4) days, the burns being of III degree.

Pathological-morphological changes in the brain microcirculatory blood vessel in dog after global brain ischemia have been evaluated qualitatively. In series of cut sections thick 200 microns dyed with benzidine, a marked microthrombotization of the brain capillaries without vasostasis as well as cylindrical microthrombi and microthrombi with vasostasis were observed. The described light microscopic angioarchitectonic findings account for the phenomenon of vasomotoric paralysis.

The artificial drinking water fluoridization provided as a mass preventive measure against dental decay poses another substantial problem which is a possibility of genotoxic action. Up to this date, this matter remains still obscur and is discussed with more or less intensity from time to time. The mentioned fact supported authors to study the impact of short-term 24 hrs sodium fluoride (NaF) action in concentration range of 0-500 mg.1(-1) drinking water in the frame of so-called minimal testing set (analysis of chromosomal aberrations in human peripheral lymphocytes, Ames test). For the initial NaF concentration applied, the reference value of 1 mg per 1 liter artificial fluoridization was estimated. The use of Ames test with TA 98 and TA 100 Salmonella typhimurium (+/- S9) strains showed no significant increase in revertants responsible of NaF mutagenic activity in any of applied concentrations (0-1300 mg per 1 Petri dish; = 0-520 mg.l-1 converted to the basic supplementative dose). Cytogenetic analysis of peripheral lymphocytes showed more sensitivity than prototrofic salmonella test. Yet one order higher NaF concentration than its application norm 1 mg.l-1 (i.e. 11 mg.l-1) has induced the occurrence of 3.8% ABB after single addition for 24 hrs to the "healthy" blood cultivated in vitro at short-term. This accounts for a value close to the level of statistically significant difference with regard to the application norm recommended. This level has been even exceeded as for a total count of fragments and exchanged parts. Thus the two orders higher NaF concentration (110.0 mg.l-1) resulted in a strong increase of cells with chromosomal aberrations for all of indicators observed; e.g. 27.5% ABB. Based on literary sources, obtained results and properly experience in practical proceeding artificial fluoridation, the authors concluded that the latter is not adequate to the up-to-date status of knowledge. Besides of economical and technical problems, those scientific are mainly concerned with making doubtful the auto-presumed genotoxic inertness for chronic users of fluoridated drinking water. Author's opinion is that when necessarily provided, the artificial fluoridization of drinking water should be proceeded selectively (in accord with real requirements of an appropriated population group, its age structure and location), temporarily and with intermittent checkout of fluoridization application regimen. To conclude, authors recommend further observation with use of biological model situations in vivo.