Sbornik vedeckych praci Lekarske fakulty Karlovy univerzity v Hradci Kralove. Supplementum最新文献

The Gallyas' method based on impregnation of endothelial basal lamina and reticulin fibres, allowing to reveal the microcirculatory bed, was used to demonstrate the angioarchitecture of brain and spinal cord tumours. This technique, for the first time, enables a more complex view on tumours tissue microvascular architecture than previously. Using of thick paraffin sections enables to incorporate this method into the set of routine diagnostic histology.

A total of 53 subjects with working exposure to styrene (1-29 years) has been investigated. On lipid and lipoproteins examination, only 8 persons (15%) showed normal values. The amount of 26 (49%) persons had the increase in HDL-cholesterol values. Subjects with protracted exposure to styrene (11-29 years) had higher level of cholesterol, absolute HDL-cholesterol values, total VLDLs and atherogenic index as compared to those which have worked at risk of styrene for 1-10 years. However, there was no statistically significant difference. Occupationnaly styrene exposed persons had statistically higher HDL-cholesterol (expressed both absolutely and relatively) in comparison with 21 clinically healthy controls. Changes of total cholesterol, VLDLs and of atherogenic index may partly be explained with factor of age. However, this is no such an explanation for HDL-cholesterol, since in adverse to that it decreases with more age in a normal population. Authors assume the pathologically higher HDL-cholesterol levels may exhibit causal interaction with occupational exposure to styrene, probably through the induction of microsomal liver enzymatic systems.

The electron-microscopical changes of cells produced by underlying Evicrol varnish are described. The latter is used in preventive stomatology to underlay fillers, those from composite materials, especially. It is designed to prevent the pulp damage through these materials. The changes of in vitro cultivated cells have in contrast been confirmed with previous experimentation showing that the varnish itself causes toxicity for living cells and therefore is not convenient to undercoat cavities in the proximity of pulps.

In the present study, we have obtained antibodies in rabbits to peptides prepared by digestion of elastin with either oxalic acid or phosphoric acid. By Elisa assay, we have shown the lowest production of antibodies against elastin-derived peptides prepared by digestion of N-elastin with phosphoric acid. We have found a strong cross-reactivity between antibodies obtained to peptides prepared by different digestion of insoluble elastin from bovine ligamentum nuchae or aorta and these antigens. A less pronounced cross-reactivity was observed in case of elastin-derived peptides from porcine aorta.

Problems related to the optimization of diagnosis making are scrutinized. Applied immunological tests for diagnosis of ovarian cancers are used as an example of ROC curve calculation. Moreover, sensitivity and specificity grades are computed in order to obtain the optimum of diagnostical robustness. The ROC analysis is supplemented with application of Bayes diagnostical algorithm. The analysis is given also of other problems concerning with implementation of quantitative characteristics in the course of diagnostical decision making.

A new advice for spontaneous sedimentation of cellular elements of body fluids as based on the J. Sayk principle is described. Gravitation force is applied which is deduced with graduated load onto the approximately constant and measured pressure of contact surface between the sedimentation pipe, paper and preparation glass. The advice is made of stainless steel, and its relatively simple construction allows easy manipulation, maintenance and reproducibility of results.

The authors studied the effect of various DDP applications (sodium salt of dimethyl-dioxopiperazine thiosulfonate) in a dose of 45 mg/kg w. administered 10 min before irradiation, on the survival of female mice C57 and (CBA x C57BL/F1 after a single whole-body exposure to a sublethal dose of gamma rays (LD50/5 = magnitude of 15.495 +/- 0.781 magnitude of Gy and LD50/30 = magnitude of 7.864 +/- 0.018 magnitude of Gy). The depth of DDP protection effect on the haemopoietic stem cells was studied using the method of endogenous spleen colonies (ESC) of haemopoietic tissue. DDP radioprotective effect was also demonstrated after s. c. and i. m. application of this substance 10 min before 6 Gy of gamma radiation; it was shown by a prolongation of the survival time of experimental animals and by an increase in the number of individuals surviving till the 30th day after irradiation. Higher ESC numbers in the animals with DDP protection demonstrate survival of higher number of the haemopoietic stem cells and indicate that DDP is the biological active substance and contributes to the repair of haematopoiesis damaged by radiation and to the survival of irradiated animals.

During the period of 1983-1985, in two of apprentice schools of P. town the health disorders were investigated in the total of 82 apprentices 15-18 years old from the environment with elevated concentrations of formaldehyde and toluene. The study was contrasted with a control total of 42 apprentices. Cytogenetical examination has been performed, and selected immunological parameters in both blood serum and saliva have been assessed with red and white blood cells counts including differential formula of white blood cells. In addition, the atmospheric toxicity of formaldehyde and vapours of organic solvents (toluene, xylene, varnish naphtha) was measured. A single biological exposure test has been performed for the detection toluene. Statistically significant were differences in occurrence of cell chromosomal aberrations between the group of long term formaldehyde and toluene exposure (averagely 3.53% ABB) and controls (2.21% ABB) as obtained in 1983 and 1984, and so were differences between the long term-to-toluene exposed group (3.30% ABB) and the above mentioned control group as obtained in 1984. No similar results were stated between the long term-to-formaldehyde exposed (3.07% ABB) and control (2.55% ABB) groups in 1985. The main evidence consisted in finding the genotoxical/clastogenic effect of observed agents associated with mainly chromosomal abnormalities of chromatide type. It outflowed from the determination of selected serum proteins (Ig and acute phase proteins) and salivary lysozyme that the group under the combined influence of formaldehyde and toluene showed significantly lower IgG and higher alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT). The group at risk of toluene was characteristical in elevated concentrations of alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M) and A1AT. Most pronounced changes in first year had been revealed through the evaluation of the influence of the duration at risk (significant decrease in IgA and prealbumin, and the increase in A2M and A1AT). The infectious disease as experienced 2 month prior the collection resulted in a significant decrease of IgM, A2M and A1AT in risky groups in individuals with infection in anamnesis. Salivary lysozyme concentration of apprentice environmentally exposed to formaldehyde in the noon showed the decrease, whereas its increase occurred in controls with the difference on 5% significancy level. Blood count assessements showed no significant differences between the investigated values as well as any were assessed between the incidence of health disorders of apprentices and their correspondance to the given group.

The distribution of coldfocal cardiopharmacological substance 99mTc-TBI has been studied on a total of 14 dogs in relation to the healthy heart tissue. The quality heart scan resulted from the use of 99mTc-TBI. It may be performed 30 min after the administration of mentioned substance, when its blood activity is smaller than 10% activity of myocardium From the other organs, the myocardium scan may be influenced negatively with only liver which achieves 200% activity of left heart ventricle what is evidently consequential in worse imaging of "lower" ischemic lesions. These results justify us to conclude that the 99mTc-TBI is a substance suitable for scintigraphical imaging of myocardium.

The hemodynamic changes in experimental injury of spinal medulla were known as studied under the general anesthesia. Authors performed the thoracic spinal cord impact trauma in rabbits. They stated the character of this "sympathetic shock" is the same as in narcosis. Immediately after the injury, the phase of increase in systemic pressure occurred which lasted for 10 s, then the phase of decrease in pressure followed lasting 10 min. In spite of significant pressure changes (p less than 0.05) which occurred through the experiment, these changes were not so large to override the autoregulatory capacities of cerebrospinal vessels. Our experimental results obtained under the local anesthesia are comparable with those described in literary sources, though obtained from the experimentation under the general anesthesia. It outflows from our results that the pharmacological influence on the spinal lesion may be reliably studied also under the general anesthesia.