Pub Date : 1991-07-01DOI: 10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070046020
M. Davidson, G. Letson, J. Ward, A. Ball, L. Bulkow, P. Christenson, J. Cherry
A two-part study was carried out in Alaskan Native children to evaluate the potential risk of invasive bacterial disease and the occurrence of minor illnesses after immunization with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and whole-cell pertussis vaccine (DTP). First, a case-control comparison was performed with 186 children who had invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b or Streptococcus pneumoniae disease (cases) and 186 healthy controls matched for sex, region of residence, birth date, and number of DTP immunizations. The proportion of cases and controls immunized in the 30-day period before onset of disease for cases or reference date for controls was identical, suggesting no association with DTP immunization. In a second analysis, the occurrence of any illness, particularly infectious diseases, in 104 study subjects was compared for the period 30 days before and after 377 DTP immunizations. The rate of illness before immunization was 53%, and after immunization, 43%, again suggesting no causative effects from DTP immunization. Despite the high rates of invasive bacterial disease and nearly compete DTP immunization status in this population, no consistent relationship could be demonstrated between DTP immunization and susceptibility to infectious diseases.
{"title":"DTP immunization and susceptibility to infectious diseases. Is there a relationship?","authors":"M. Davidson, G. Letson, J. Ward, A. Ball, L. Bulkow, P. Christenson, J. Cherry","doi":"10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070046020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070046020","url":null,"abstract":"A two-part study was carried out in Alaskan Native children to evaluate the potential risk of invasive bacterial disease and the occurrence of minor illnesses after immunization with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and whole-cell pertussis vaccine (DTP). First, a case-control comparison was performed with 186 children who had invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b or Streptococcus pneumoniae disease (cases) and 186 healthy controls matched for sex, region of residence, birth date, and number of DTP immunizations. The proportion of cases and controls immunized in the 30-day period before onset of disease for cases or reference date for controls was identical, suggesting no association with DTP immunization. In a second analysis, the occurrence of any illness, particularly infectious diseases, in 104 study subjects was compared for the period 30 days before and after 377 DTP immunizations. The rate of illness before immunization was 53%, and after immunization, 43%, again suggesting no causative effects from DTP immunization. Despite the high rates of invasive bacterial disease and nearly compete DTP immunization status in this population, no consistent relationship could be demonstrated between DTP immunization and susceptibility to infectious diseases.","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"23 1","pages":"750-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80394945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-07-01DOI: 10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070015007
K. Hess
Sir. —Little et al 1 seem to believe that "better communication" between the obstetric and pediatric staffs would somehow result in better diagnosis and treatment of infants with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). They do not seem to consider the dilemma of the pediatric clinician in this situation. The clinician is strictly bound first to do no harm. There has to be substantial benefit to justify telling the mother, "You damaged your child." As far as I can determine, since diagnosis is imprecise and judgmental, the relation between the phenotype and the behavior is highly variable, and specific treatment is nonexistent, there is little value in making the diagnosis of FAS. What is imperative is the sophistication of obstetric services in supporting women during their pregnancies in a way that minimizes consumption of alcohol and other toxic substances and improves nutrition. It is also imperative that pediatricians develop widely available sophisticated
{"title":"Fetal alcohol syndrome: misplaced emphasis.","authors":"K. Hess","doi":"10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070015007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070015007","url":null,"abstract":"Sir. —Little et al 1 seem to believe that \"better communication\" between the obstetric and pediatric staffs would somehow result in better diagnosis and treatment of infants with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). They do not seem to consider the dilemma of the pediatric clinician in this situation. The clinician is strictly bound first to do no harm. There has to be substantial benefit to justify telling the mother, \"You damaged your child.\" As far as I can determine, since diagnosis is imprecise and judgmental, the relation between the phenotype and the behavior is highly variable, and specific treatment is nonexistent, there is little value in making the diagnosis of FAS. What is imperative is the sophistication of obstetric services in supporting women during their pregnancies in a way that minimizes consumption of alcohol and other toxic substances and improves nutrition. It is also imperative that pediatricians develop widely available sophisticated","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"11 1","pages":"721"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84362266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-07-01DOI: 10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070016009
Mobeen H. Rathore, Allan D. Friedman, Leslie L. Barton, Lisa M. Dunkle
Sir. —Herpes zoster oticus (HZO) is characterized by varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection of the ear in association with facial nerve palsy. It may result in permanent facial paralysis and denervation more frequently than does idiopathic Bell's palsy. 1 We describe three patients diagnosed with HZO associated with seventh cranial nerve palsy. Patient Reports. —Patient1.—A 10-year-old boy reported left ear pain for 4 days and progressive left facial weakness for 3 days before hospitalization. Otitis media had been diagnosed, and antimicrobial treatment had been initiated 7 days earlier. He had had chickenpox at age 4 years. Results of physical examination on admission revealed an afebrile child with infranuclear left facial paralysis. The left tympanic membrane was erythematous; vesicles were seen on the annulus of tympanic membrane and on the external auditory canal of the left ear. Intravenous acyclovir (30 mg/kg of body weight per day) was administered
{"title":"Herpes zoster oticus.","authors":"Mobeen H. Rathore, Allan D. Friedman, Leslie L. Barton, Lisa M. Dunkle","doi":"10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070016009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070016009","url":null,"abstract":"Sir. —Herpes zoster oticus (HZO) is characterized by varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection of the ear in association with facial nerve palsy. It may result in permanent facial paralysis and denervation more frequently than does idiopathic Bell's palsy. 1 We describe three patients diagnosed with HZO associated with seventh cranial nerve palsy. Patient Reports. —Patient1.—A 10-year-old boy reported left ear pain for 4 days and progressive left facial weakness for 3 days before hospitalization. Otitis media had been diagnosed, and antimicrobial treatment had been initiated 7 days earlier. He had had chickenpox at age 4 years. Results of physical examination on admission revealed an afebrile child with infranuclear left facial paralysis. The left tympanic membrane was erythematous; vesicles were seen on the annulus of tympanic membrane and on the external auditory canal of the left ear. Intravenous acyclovir (30 mg/kg of body weight per day) was administered","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"24 1","pages":"722-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83769013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-07-01DOI: 10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070069024
J. van Hoff, M. Hockenberry‐Eaton, K. Patterson, J. Hutter
Pediatric oncologists within Pediatric Oncology Group institutions were surveyed to determine current antiemetic practices for children receiving chemotherapy and the basis for those practices. A mean severity rating for associated nausea and vomiting was calculated and used to rank 31 chemotherapeutic agents commonly used in the treatment of childhood cancer. Antiemetics were used 17%, 79%, and 98% of the time for chemotherapeutic agents with mild, moderate, or severe associated nausea and vomiting, respectively. A median of one, two, and three antiemetics were used for mild, moderate, and severe agents, respectively. Antihistamines and phenothiazines were the drugs most commonly used for agents causing mild or moderate nausea and vomiting, and metoclopramide hydrochloride/antihistamines with lorazepam and/or corticosteroids were used most often for chemotherapeutic agents causing severe nausea and vomiting. Most oncologists based their choice of antiemetics on personal experience. Current literature addressing the treatment of nausea and vomiting in children receiving chemotherapy, as reviewed here, does not always support the present clinical practices.
{"title":"A survey of antiemetic use in children with cancer.","authors":"J. van Hoff, M. Hockenberry‐Eaton, K. Patterson, J. Hutter","doi":"10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070069024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070069024","url":null,"abstract":"Pediatric oncologists within Pediatric Oncology Group institutions were surveyed to determine current antiemetic practices for children receiving chemotherapy and the basis for those practices. A mean severity rating for associated nausea and vomiting was calculated and used to rank 31 chemotherapeutic agents commonly used in the treatment of childhood cancer. Antiemetics were used 17%, 79%, and 98% of the time for chemotherapeutic agents with mild, moderate, or severe associated nausea and vomiting, respectively. A median of one, two, and three antiemetics were used for mild, moderate, and severe agents, respectively. Antihistamines and phenothiazines were the drugs most commonly used for agents causing mild or moderate nausea and vomiting, and metoclopramide hydrochloride/antihistamines with lorazepam and/or corticosteroids were used most often for chemotherapeutic agents causing severe nausea and vomiting. Most oncologists based their choice of antiemetics on personal experience. Current literature addressing the treatment of nausea and vomiting in children receiving chemotherapy, as reviewed here, does not always support the present clinical practices.","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"26 1","pages":"773-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88525771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-07-01DOI: 10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070014005
E. Conway, L. Singer
Sir. —We read with interest the article by Chaves-Carballo et al 1 concerning the hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy (HSE) syndrome. We recently cared for two infants with this entity 2 and we believe that the gastrointestinal tract is the source of this devastating illness. Approximately 74 infants and children with HSE have been described in the literature, most of whom presented with a prodromal illness consisting of vomiting and diarrhea. The origin of HSE remains unexplained, but the multisystem failure seen in both HSE and heatstroke (HS) may be a final common pathway of an unexplained mediator. The hyperpyrexia may be the result of high metabolic requirements coupled with compensatory vasoconstriction. The shock state leads to increasing splanchnic vasoconstriction (which may actually be worsened by hyperpyrexia) that contributes to the release of these potentially toxic mediators. The vasoconstriction, caused by any combination of hypotension, hyperthermia, or gut ischemia, will allow
{"title":"Hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy: an entity similar to heatstroke.","authors":"E. Conway, L. Singer","doi":"10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070014005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070014005","url":null,"abstract":"Sir. —We read with interest the article by Chaves-Carballo et al 1 concerning the hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy (HSE) syndrome. We recently cared for two infants with this entity 2 and we believe that the gastrointestinal tract is the source of this devastating illness. Approximately 74 infants and children with HSE have been described in the literature, most of whom presented with a prodromal illness consisting of vomiting and diarrhea. The origin of HSE remains unexplained, but the multisystem failure seen in both HSE and heatstroke (HS) may be a final common pathway of an unexplained mediator. The hyperpyrexia may be the result of high metabolic requirements coupled with compensatory vasoconstriction. The shock state leads to increasing splanchnic vasoconstriction (which may actually be worsened by hyperpyrexia) that contributes to the release of these potentially toxic mediators. The vasoconstriction, caused by any combination of hypotension, hyperthermia, or gut ischemia, will allow","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"37 1","pages":"720"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85324684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-07-01DOI: 10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070013004
C. DuPee
Sir. —In his October 1990 editorial in AJDC , Corrigan 1 recommends that the "H" in the syndrome of hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy (HSE) stand for hyperpyrexia. This is a welcome suggestion to the clinician because it underscores hyperpyrexia as an important clue to the diagnosis of this new syndrome. In February 1985, we were at a loss to explain a difficult patient who showed clinical symptoms of heatstroke. The original description of HSE by Levin et al 2 in 1983 did not view hyperpyrexia as a prominent feature of this disorder. Only two of the 10 patients described had temperatures of 41°C or greater. It was not until a subsequent report 3 emphasized hyperpyrexia that we were alerted to the similarity between our case and those being described in the literature. Patient Report. —A 3-year-old black girl was well until 11 pm on the evening of admission, when she vomited
{"title":"Hyperpyrexia, hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy, and creatinine phosphokinase.","authors":"C. DuPee","doi":"10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070013004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070013004","url":null,"abstract":"Sir. —In his October 1990 editorial in AJDC , Corrigan 1 recommends that the \"H\" in the syndrome of hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy (HSE) stand for hyperpyrexia. This is a welcome suggestion to the clinician because it underscores hyperpyrexia as an important clue to the diagnosis of this new syndrome. In February 1985, we were at a loss to explain a difficult patient who showed clinical symptoms of heatstroke. The original description of HSE by Levin et al 2 in 1983 did not view hyperpyrexia as a prominent feature of this disorder. Only two of the 10 patients described had temperatures of 41°C or greater. It was not until a subsequent report 3 emphasized hyperpyrexia that we were alerted to the similarity between our case and those being described in the literature. Patient Report. —A 3-year-old black girl was well until 11 pm on the evening of admission, when she vomited","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"59 3 Pt 1 1","pages":"719"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85502171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-07-01DOI: 10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070017010
D. Edelman
Sir. —Patients with cystic fibrosis often develop cholelithiasis. Subsequently, many will suffer from symptoms of their gallstones and develop cholecystitis. Because of the high risks associated with induction of anesthesia in patients whose pulmonary status is compromised, surgery is sometimes delayed or avoided. With the advent of laparoscopic cholecystectomy and anesthetic techniques such as epidural blockade, another option is available that may be safe for many of these patients. I describe a patient whose surgical and anesthetic care was unique. Patient Report. —An 18-year-old man with cystic fibrosis, severe recurrent pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and bronchiectasis was admitted to the Baptist Hospital of Miami (Fla) with worsening midepigastric pain, bilious vomiting, belching, and inability to eat. He had a 2- to 3-year history of biliary colic after eating certain foods. An ultrasound examination revealed multiple small gallstones in a contracted gallbladder; the gallbladder was not visualized after 4
{"title":"Laparoscopic cholecystectomy under continuous epidural anesthesia in patients with cystic fibrosis.","authors":"D. Edelman","doi":"10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070017010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070017010","url":null,"abstract":"Sir. —Patients with cystic fibrosis often develop cholelithiasis. Subsequently, many will suffer from symptoms of their gallstones and develop cholecystitis. Because of the high risks associated with induction of anesthesia in patients whose pulmonary status is compromised, surgery is sometimes delayed or avoided. With the advent of laparoscopic cholecystectomy and anesthetic techniques such as epidural blockade, another option is available that may be safe for many of these patients. I describe a patient whose surgical and anesthetic care was unique. Patient Report. —An 18-year-old man with cystic fibrosis, severe recurrent pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and bronchiectasis was admitted to the Baptist Hospital of Miami (Fla) with worsening midepigastric pain, bilious vomiting, belching, and inability to eat. He had a 2- to 3-year history of biliary colic after eating certain foods. An ultrasound examination revealed multiple small gallstones in a contracted gallbladder; the gallbladder was not visualized after 4","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"53 1","pages":"723-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87709835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-07-01DOI: 10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070023015
G. Brown
George is our beloved, self-declared curmudgeon. He is a workhorse for AJDC, holding the record for most manuscripts refereed and for the shortest turnaround time of all of our reviewers. George provides in-depth comments designed to assist authors, whether the decision is to accept or reject the manuscript. Reading his comments is an education for all of us, not the least of whom are the authors. I have received a number of gracious comments concerning his reviews, and not all from authors whose work was accepted. George also accompanies his reviews of manuscripts with comments for the editor—these are terse, always humorous, and intended to lighten what he believes is the "burden" of editorship. He comments on my local geography, flora and fauna, the travails of difficult judgments, and sundry other unrelated items. Occasionally, he sends me a cartoon, suitably modified for the editor's lot. In each instance, these "bon mots" bring a smile to me and to those in our editorial group who have the pleasure of reading both his trenchant, on-the-mark reviews and the added fillip. He is not above punning, as the title of this month's contribution clearly illustrates. George has also contributed scholarly articles to AJDC and other journals on the statistical aspects of research and publication. George also is very persnickety about correct language usage and mathematical expression. He points out small errors that occasionally creep into AJDC after escaping the eyes of the editors and others. He has even had the audacity to write a letter to the editor of the journal on which he serves as a board member! I guess he does qualify as a curmudgeon, even if it is his own designation, but to all of us at AJDC, he is a lovable one at that! We are most grateful for his hard work, good sense, and sense of humor. Long live curmudgeons like George.—V.A.F.
{"title":"Buddy, can you paradigm?","authors":"G. Brown","doi":"10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070023015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070023015","url":null,"abstract":"George is our beloved, self-declared curmudgeon. He is a workhorse for AJDC, holding the record for most manuscripts refereed and for the shortest turnaround time of all of our reviewers. George provides in-depth comments designed to assist authors, whether the decision is to accept or reject the manuscript. Reading his comments is an education for all of us, not the least of whom are the authors. I have received a number of gracious comments concerning his reviews, and not all from authors whose work was accepted. George also accompanies his reviews of manuscripts with comments for the editor—these are terse, always humorous, and intended to lighten what he believes is the \"burden\" of editorship. He comments on my local geography, flora and fauna, the travails of difficult judgments, and sundry other unrelated items. Occasionally, he sends me a cartoon, suitably modified for the editor's lot. In each instance, these \"bon mots\" bring a smile to me and to those in our editorial group who have the pleasure of reading both his trenchant, on-the-mark reviews and the added fillip. He is not above punning, as the title of this month's contribution clearly illustrates. George has also contributed scholarly articles to AJDC and other journals on the statistical aspects of research and publication. George also is very persnickety about correct language usage and mathematical expression. He points out small errors that occasionally creep into AJDC after escaping the eyes of the editors and others. He has even had the audacity to write a letter to the editor of the journal on which he serves as a board member! I guess he does qualify as a curmudgeon, even if it is his own designation, but to all of us at AJDC, he is a lovable one at that! We are most grateful for his hard work, good sense, and sense of humor. Long live curmudgeons like George.—V.A.F.","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"78 1","pages":"727-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83894907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-07-01DOI: 10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070078026
Daniel S. Seidman, Arie Laor, R. Gale, David K. Stevenson, Yehuda L. Danon
A total of 33,413 infants born in Jerusalem between 1964 and 1971 were followed up at 17 years of age by matching computerized database files. A logistic regression model was used to estimate the odds ratios for being overweight at 17 years of age for 500-g birth weight categories from less than 2500 g to 4500 g or greater. Information on the ethnic origin, paternal education, birth order, maternal age, and area of residence at birth was available, and these factors were used as possible confounders. The adjusted odds ratios for being overweight (greater than or equal to 90th percentile; body mass index greater than 24.6 kg/m2) and severely overweight (greater than or equal to 97th percentile; body mass index greater than 27.8 kg/m2) at 17 years of age was elevated for the three birth weight categories above the normal reference category of 3000 to 3499 g, with an estimate of 2.16 and 2.30 for male subjects with a birth weight greater than 4500 g and 2.95 and 4.39 for female subjects. The data suggest that higher birth weights correlate strongly with being overweight in late adolescence independently of other factors considered. However, the predictive power of this association is poor.
{"title":"A longitudinal study of birth weight and being overweight in late adolescence.","authors":"Daniel S. Seidman, Arie Laor, R. Gale, David K. Stevenson, Yehuda L. Danon","doi":"10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070078026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070078026","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 33,413 infants born in Jerusalem between 1964 and 1971 were followed up at 17 years of age by matching computerized database files. A logistic regression model was used to estimate the odds ratios for being overweight at 17 years of age for 500-g birth weight categories from less than 2500 g to 4500 g or greater. Information on the ethnic origin, paternal education, birth order, maternal age, and area of residence at birth was available, and these factors were used as possible confounders. The adjusted odds ratios for being overweight (greater than or equal to 90th percentile; body mass index greater than 24.6 kg/m2) and severely overweight (greater than or equal to 97th percentile; body mass index greater than 27.8 kg/m2) at 17 years of age was elevated for the three birth weight categories above the normal reference category of 3000 to 3499 g, with an estimate of 2.16 and 2.30 for male subjects with a birth weight greater than 4500 g and 2.95 and 4.39 for female subjects. The data suggest that higher birth weights correlate strongly with being overweight in late adolescence independently of other factors considered. However, the predictive power of this association is poor.","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"51 1","pages":"782-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91264890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-07-01DOI: 10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070095028
L. Cuevas, T. Yeh, E. John, D. Cuevas, R. S. Plides
To study the effects of infusion of low doses of dopamine hydrochloride on cardiopulmonary and renal status in premature newborns with respiratory distress syndrome, 49 newborns were randomly assigned to three groups: group 1 (18 patients) received no dopamine and was the control group; group 2 (16 patients) was infused with a dose of dopamine measuring 1.0 micrograms/kg of body weight per minute for 72 hours; and group 3 (15 patients) was infused with a dose of dopamine measuring 2.5 micrograms/kg of body weight per minute for 72 hours. Birth weights, gestational ages, post-natal ages, and cardiopulmonary status of all groups at the start of the study were comparable. Continuous infusion of these low doses of dopamine for 3 days after birth did not significantly improve levels of blood gases, acid-base balance, or clinical outcome. In newborns with systemic hypotension, dopamine improved cardiovascular status and caused early return of blood pressure to the normal range. Infusion of low doses of dopamine produced mild to moderate natriuresis and insignificant increases in glomerular filtration rate and urine volume.
{"title":"The effect of low-dose dopamine infusion on cardiopulmonary and renal status in premature newborns with respiratory distress syndrome.","authors":"L. Cuevas, T. Yeh, E. John, D. Cuevas, R. S. Plides","doi":"10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070095028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160070095028","url":null,"abstract":"To study the effects of infusion of low doses of dopamine hydrochloride on cardiopulmonary and renal status in premature newborns with respiratory distress syndrome, 49 newborns were randomly assigned to three groups: group 1 (18 patients) received no dopamine and was the control group; group 2 (16 patients) was infused with a dose of dopamine measuring 1.0 micrograms/kg of body weight per minute for 72 hours; and group 3 (15 patients) was infused with a dose of dopamine measuring 2.5 micrograms/kg of body weight per minute for 72 hours. Birth weights, gestational ages, post-natal ages, and cardiopulmonary status of all groups at the start of the study were comparable. Continuous infusion of these low doses of dopamine for 3 days after birth did not significantly improve levels of blood gases, acid-base balance, or clinical outcome. In newborns with systemic hypotension, dopamine improved cardiovascular status and caused early return of blood pressure to the normal range. Infusion of low doses of dopamine produced mild to moderate natriuresis and insignificant increases in glomerular filtration rate and urine volume.","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"7 1","pages":"799-803"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82556699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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