Pub Date : 1992-01-01DOI: 10.1001/archpedi.1992.02160240036016
T. Storch
{"title":"Passive euthanasia for hypoplastic left heart syndrome.","authors":"T. Storch","doi":"10.1001/archpedi.1992.02160240036016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1992.02160240036016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"124 1","pages":"1426"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88017230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-01-01DOI: 10.1001/archpedi.1992.02160210023010
Ş. Ozsoylu
{"title":"Treatment of visceral leishmaniasis.","authors":"Ş. Ozsoylu","doi":"10.1001/archpedi.1992.02160210023010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1992.02160210023010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"94 1","pages":"1021"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83115019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-11-01DOI: 10.1097/01241398-199111000-00067
H. Faden, Mauro Grossi
One hundred thirty-five children with acute osteomyelitis were identified by chart review during a 7-year period, January 1, 1980, through December 31, 1986. Bacteriologic causes were detected in 75 (55%) of the patients. Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae type b, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were identified in 34 (25%), 16 (12%), and eight (6%) children, respectively. Staphylococcus aureus occurred in all age groups, H influenzae type b occurred only in children younger than 3 years and was the number one cause of disease in this group. Pseudomonas aeruginosa occurred exclusively in children older than 9 years. Children with H influenzae type b had clinical and laboratory findings that were almost indistinguishable from a matched group of children with osteomyelitis due to other known bacteria, although children with H influenzae type b tended to have more joint effusions (63% vs 27%), less lower extremity disease (22% vs 70%), and fewer positive cultures from bone or joint aspirates (41% vs 89%). Unlike most pediatric cases of osteomyelitis, the ones due to P aeruginosa did not represent the hematogenous route of infection; penetrating injury to the foot was present in every case. Children with P aeruginosa infections were older than 9 years (100%), predominantly male (88%), often afebrile (83%), and never bacteremic. These data provide guidelines for the initial work-up and management of osteomyelitis in children.
{"title":"Acute osteomyelitis in children. Reassessment of etiologic agents and their clinical characteristics.","authors":"H. Faden, Mauro Grossi","doi":"10.1097/01241398-199111000-00067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01241398-199111000-00067","url":null,"abstract":"One hundred thirty-five children with acute osteomyelitis were identified by chart review during a 7-year period, January 1, 1980, through December 31, 1986. Bacteriologic causes were detected in 75 (55%) of the patients. Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae type b, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were identified in 34 (25%), 16 (12%), and eight (6%) children, respectively. Staphylococcus aureus occurred in all age groups, H influenzae type b occurred only in children younger than 3 years and was the number one cause of disease in this group. Pseudomonas aeruginosa occurred exclusively in children older than 9 years. Children with H influenzae type b had clinical and laboratory findings that were almost indistinguishable from a matched group of children with osteomyelitis due to other known bacteria, although children with H influenzae type b tended to have more joint effusions (63% vs 27%), less lower extremity disease (22% vs 70%), and fewer positive cultures from bone or joint aspirates (41% vs 89%). Unlike most pediatric cases of osteomyelitis, the ones due to P aeruginosa did not represent the hematogenous route of infection; penetrating injury to the foot was present in every case. Children with P aeruginosa infections were older than 9 years (100%), predominantly male (88%), often afebrile (83%), and never bacteremic. These data provide guidelines for the initial work-up and management of osteomyelitis in children.","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"33 1","pages":"65-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81876150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-11-01DOI: 10.1097/00006254-199206000-00004
J. P. Johnson, P. Vink, S. Hines, B. Robinson, J. Davis, P. Nair
UNLABELLED OBJECTIVE--To describe the identification of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected infants born to women who were seronegative or indeterminate during pregnancy. RESEARCH DESIGN--Longitudinal cohort study. SETTING--Inner-city medical center. PARTICIPANTS A series of children born to women with histories of risk factors for HIV infection were followed up for studies of the natural history of HIV-infected infants. These children were identified through risk factor assessment of pregnant women presenting for obstetric care. INTERVENTIONS--Counseling and testing to detect HIV. RESULTS--Three women were retrospectively identified who were infected with HIV during pregnancy but whose test results showed them to be either seronegative or indeterminate. Two of these women transmitted HIV infection to their children. Subsequently, all three women were confirmed to be infected. CONCLUSIONS--Standard serologic testing to detect HIV infection will not identify all infected pregnant women. Perinatal transmission of HIV can occur in women with negative results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or indeterminate results of Western blot analysis during pregnancy.
{"title":"Vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus from seronegative or indeterminate mothers.","authors":"J. P. Johnson, P. Vink, S. Hines, B. Robinson, J. Davis, P. Nair","doi":"10.1097/00006254-199206000-00004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006254-199206000-00004","url":null,"abstract":"UNLABELLED\u0000OBJECTIVE--To describe the identification of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected infants born to women who were seronegative or indeterminate during pregnancy. RESEARCH DESIGN--Longitudinal cohort study. SETTING--Inner-city medical center.\u0000\u0000\u0000PARTICIPANTS\u0000A series of children born to women with histories of risk factors for HIV infection were followed up for studies of the natural history of HIV-infected infants. These children were identified through risk factor assessment of pregnant women presenting for obstetric care. INTERVENTIONS--Counseling and testing to detect HIV. RESULTS--Three women were retrospectively identified who were infected with HIV during pregnancy but whose test results showed them to be either seronegative or indeterminate. Two of these women transmitted HIV infection to their children. Subsequently, all three women were confirmed to be infected. CONCLUSIONS--Standard serologic testing to detect HIV infection will not identify all infected pregnant women. Perinatal transmission of HIV can occur in women with negative results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or indeterminate results of Western blot analysis during pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"6 1","pages":"1239-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73183359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-01DOI: 10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160100020010
H. Fink
Sir .—I enjoyed reading the article by Greer and Apple 1 detailing the historical development of formulas and the previous adverse effect of advertising on the laity. However, I must take issue with the statement "direct public advertising... will once again remove the realm of infant feeding from the supervision of the physician and will likely have a negative impact on the incidence and duration of breastfeeding." This opinion (and it is strictly an opinion with no factual basis) has been expressed elsewhere. It implies that the pediatrician cannot effectively influence mothers and advise and guide them as to the advantages of breastfeeding. In my experience, mothers either do not breastfeed initially or discontinue nursing early not because of free formula coupons but because they plan to return to full-time work. Continuation of adequate nursing then poses a real problem. Formula advertising may make it easier for mothers to
{"title":"Formula companies and the medical profession.","authors":"H. Fink","doi":"10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160100020010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160100020010","url":null,"abstract":"Sir .—I enjoyed reading the article by Greer and Apple 1 detailing the historical development of formulas and the previous adverse effect of advertising on the laity. However, I must take issue with the statement \"direct public advertising... will once again remove the realm of infant feeding from the supervision of the physician and will likely have a negative impact on the incidence and duration of breastfeeding.\" This opinion (and it is strictly an opinion with no factual basis) has been expressed elsewhere. It implies that the pediatrician cannot effectively influence mothers and advise and guide them as to the advantages of breastfeeding. In my experience, mothers either do not breastfeed initially or discontinue nursing early not because of free formula coupons but because they plan to return to full-time work. Continuation of adequate nursing then poses a real problem. Formula advertising may make it easier for mothers to","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"114 1","pages":"1088-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88096361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-01DOI: 10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160100019009
N. Rifai, M. Iosefsohn, J. Hicks
Sir.—To assess the quality of cholesterol testing performed outside hospital laboratories and reference clinical laboratories, we evaluated the accuracy of cholesterol measurement in 33 pediatricians' offices in the Washington, DC, metropolitan area. The participating pediatricians responded to a survey we conducted locally to determine the number of pediatricians performing cholesterol testing. Seventy-one of the 116 responding pediatricians performed cholesterol testing routinely in their practices. Sixty-five percent of those pediatricians participated in this study. Materials and Methods.—Four frozen specimens, duplicate sets of two samples with cholesterol concentrations of 4.46 and 6.55 mmol/L, were sent to every participating pediatrician. The cholesterol concentrations of the samples were unknown to the pediatricians. The cholesterol concentrations of these sets were determined using an analyzer (Kodak Ektachem 700, Eastman Kodak Co, Rochester, NY) certified by the Centers for Disease Control—Reference Method Laboratory Network for cholesterol testing. Physicians were asked to thaw and twice analyze
{"title":"Cholesterol testing in the physician's office: accuracy assessment.","authors":"N. Rifai, M. Iosefsohn, J. Hicks","doi":"10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160100019009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160100019009","url":null,"abstract":"Sir.—To assess the quality of cholesterol testing performed outside hospital laboratories and reference clinical laboratories, we evaluated the accuracy of cholesterol measurement in 33 pediatricians' offices in the Washington, DC, metropolitan area. The participating pediatricians responded to a survey we conducted locally to determine the number of pediatricians performing cholesterol testing. Seventy-one of the 116 responding pediatricians performed cholesterol testing routinely in their practices. Sixty-five percent of those pediatricians participated in this study. Materials and Methods.—Four frozen specimens, duplicate sets of two samples with cholesterol concentrations of 4.46 and 6.55 mmol/L, were sent to every participating pediatrician. The cholesterol concentrations of the samples were unknown to the pediatricians. The cholesterol concentrations of these sets were determined using an analyzer (Kodak Ektachem 700, Eastman Kodak Co, Rochester, NY) certified by the Centers for Disease Control—Reference Method Laboratory Network for cholesterol testing. Physicians were asked to thaw and twice analyze","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"1 1","pages":"1087-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72854171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-01DOI: 10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160100017004
B. Kirschner
Sir .—The May 1991 issue of AJDC clearly documents the deficiency of health care of poor children in the United States. Many address the issues of access to medical attention and the importance of insurance. A few 1-4 suggest successful innovative processes that might be more widely adopted. Johnston 5 mentions a factor that is frequently overlooked, which is that "health is not a survival issue for poor people." Some have found that food, shelter, and jobs have much higher priority than health care and schooling. Certainly,"... we need a fundamental change in our national commitment. We need to behave as if children are really our most valuable resource and our future." 6 One way to change is to encourage people to seek health care. Services that clearly benefit health should be rewarded. For example, parents should receive nominal amounts of cash each time they bring a child for timely
{"title":"Health care for uninsured and underinsured children.","authors":"B. Kirschner","doi":"10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160100017004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160100017004","url":null,"abstract":"Sir .—The May 1991 issue of AJDC clearly documents the deficiency of health care of poor children in the United States. Many address the issues of access to medical attention and the importance of insurance. A few 1-4 suggest successful innovative processes that might be more widely adopted. Johnston 5 mentions a factor that is frequently overlooked, which is that \"health is not a survival issue for poor people.\" Some have found that food, shelter, and jobs have much higher priority than health care and schooling. Certainly,\"... we need a fundamental change in our national commitment. We need to behave as if children are really our most valuable resource and our future.\" 6 One way to change is to encourage people to seek health care. Services that clearly benefit health should be rewarded. For example, parents should receive nominal amounts of cash each time they bring a child for timely","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"61 1","pages":"1085-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75515462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-09-01DOI: 10.1001/archpedi.1991.02160090013004
E. Stiehm
In Reply. —I agree with Dr Bader that there are worthwhile things on TV and that monitored, selective viewing is harmless, amusing, and sometimes educational. Such monitored viewing did not work at our house; nor, I daresay, does it work in most houses, so the choice is no monitoring or no TV. For the alcoholic, abstinence is necessary; for the nonalcoholic, abstinence is harmless. I have yet to see any adverse emotional, social, or physical consequences of "hypotelevisionemia." Has anyone?
{"title":"Your child's best friend: TV or not TV.","authors":"E. Stiehm","doi":"10.1001/archpedi.1991.02160090013004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1991.02160090013004","url":null,"abstract":"In Reply. —I agree with Dr Bader that there are worthwhile things on TV and that monitored, selective viewing is harmless, amusing, and sometimes educational. Such monitored viewing did not work at our house; nor, I daresay, does it work in most houses, so the choice is no monitoring or no TV. For the alcoholic, abstinence is necessary; for the nonalcoholic, abstinence is harmless. I have yet to see any adverse emotional, social, or physical consequences of \"hypotelevisionemia.\" Has anyone?","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"23 1","pages":"257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85095225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-08-01DOI: 10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160080025014
John E. Lewy
In every field of endeavor, only a limited number of people make a major impact. Jack Metcoff has had such an influence in the fields of pediatric nephrology and body fluid physiology. On June 11, 1990, a symposium and dinner was held in his honor. Several of the articles in this issue of the Journal were presented at the symposium. Approximately 100 of his colleagues and students attended the event. Seventeen presented synopses of their experiences working with Dr Metcoff or their current research in pediatrics. Some of the presentations were submitted to and reviewed by AJDC , and those that were accepted appear in this issue. Jack Metcoff was honored as an outstanding and visionary scientist, teacher, and leader. His scientific contributions include an early description of an experimental model of the nephrotic syndrome produced in the rat by injection of an aminonucleoside of puromycin and an elegant exposition of
{"title":"Jack Metcoff festschrift.","authors":"John E. Lewy","doi":"10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160080025014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1991.02160080025014","url":null,"abstract":"In every field of endeavor, only a limited number of people make a major impact. Jack Metcoff has had such an influence in the fields of pediatric nephrology and body fluid physiology. On June 11, 1990, a symposium and dinner was held in his honor. Several of the articles in this issue of the Journal were presented at the symposium. Approximately 100 of his colleagues and students attended the event. Seventeen presented synopses of their experiences working with Dr Metcoff or their current research in pediatrics. Some of the presentations were submitted to and reviewed by AJDC , and those that were accepted appear in this issue. Jack Metcoff was honored as an outstanding and visionary scientist, teacher, and leader. His scientific contributions include an early description of an experimental model of the nephrotic syndrome produced in the rat by injection of an aminonucleoside of puromycin and an elegant exposition of","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"94 1","pages":"851-880"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81162231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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