Pub Date : 1993-05-01DOI: 10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1993.02160290076030
D. D'eugenio, T. Slagle, B. Mettelman, S. Gross
OBJECTIVE To determine the relationship between transiently abnormal neurologic findings in preterm infants and subsequent cognitive outcome at 4 years of age. DESIGN Prospective 4-year follow-up. SETTING Regional perinatal center in Syracuse, NY. PARTICIPANTS One hundred thirty-one of 135 consecutively born infants of no more than 32 weeks of gestational age; 98% followed up from birth to 4 years of age. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Based on neuromotor evaluations performed at 6 and 15 months of age, two groups of infants were identified. One group had abnormal neurologic findings at 6 months of age that had resolved by 15 months of age (transiently abnormal group). The other group had normal neuromotor findings at both 6 and 15 months of age (normal group). The transiently abnormal group had significantly poorer scores on the Bayley Mental scale at 6 months of age (90 +/- 15 vs 108 +/- 10; P < .001), 15 months (91 +/- 21 vs 105 +/- 12; P < .001), and 24 months (91 +/- 19 vs 101 +/- 17; P < .001). However, at 4 years of age, cognitive performance on the McCarthy Scales was similar for the transiently abnormal and normal groups (General Cognitive index, 93 +/- 13 and 95 +/- 14, respectively). The incidence of poor cognitive outcome (Cognitive index < 84) decreased from 39% at 2 years of age to 18% at 4 years of age in the group with a history of transient neurologic abnormalities but remained unchanged (16% to 18%) in the normal group. CONCLUSION Early neurologic abnormalities that are transient did not predict cognitive delays at 4 years of age in preterm infants.
{"title":"Developmental outcome of preterm infants with transient neuromotor abnormalities.","authors":"D. D'eugenio, T. Slagle, B. Mettelman, S. Gross","doi":"10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1993.02160290076030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1993.02160290076030","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE\u0000To determine the relationship between transiently abnormal neurologic findings in preterm infants and subsequent cognitive outcome at 4 years of age.\u0000\u0000\u0000DESIGN\u0000Prospective 4-year follow-up.\u0000\u0000\u0000SETTING\u0000Regional perinatal center in Syracuse, NY.\u0000\u0000\u0000PARTICIPANTS\u0000One hundred thirty-one of 135 consecutively born infants of no more than 32 weeks of gestational age; 98% followed up from birth to 4 years of age.\u0000\u0000\u0000INTERVENTIONS\u0000None.\u0000\u0000\u0000MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS\u0000Based on neuromotor evaluations performed at 6 and 15 months of age, two groups of infants were identified. One group had abnormal neurologic findings at 6 months of age that had resolved by 15 months of age (transiently abnormal group). The other group had normal neuromotor findings at both 6 and 15 months of age (normal group). The transiently abnormal group had significantly poorer scores on the Bayley Mental scale at 6 months of age (90 +/- 15 vs 108 +/- 10; P < .001), 15 months (91 +/- 21 vs 105 +/- 12; P < .001), and 24 months (91 +/- 19 vs 101 +/- 17; P < .001). However, at 4 years of age, cognitive performance on the McCarthy Scales was similar for the transiently abnormal and normal groups (General Cognitive index, 93 +/- 13 and 95 +/- 14, respectively). The incidence of poor cognitive outcome (Cognitive index < 84) decreased from 39% at 2 years of age to 18% at 4 years of age in the group with a history of transient neurologic abnormalities but remained unchanged (16% to 18%) in the normal group.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Early neurologic abnormalities that are transient did not predict cognitive delays at 4 years of age in preterm infants.","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"1 1","pages":"570-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85316590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-01-01DOI: 10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1993.02160250056017
J. Turnbull
Quantitative and qualitative analyses of well-conducted scientific studies of therapeutic early intervention for infants and young children with or at risk of a motor handicap failed to find convincing evidence for the efficacy of physical therapy. The shortcomings of present assessment tools are discussed and possible lines of enquiry identified.
{"title":"Early intervention for children with or at risk of cerebral palsy.","authors":"J. Turnbull","doi":"10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1993.02160250056017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1993.02160250056017","url":null,"abstract":"Quantitative and qualitative analyses of well-conducted scientific studies of therapeutic early intervention for infants and young children with or at risk of a motor handicap failed to find convincing evidence for the efficacy of physical therapy. The shortcomings of present assessment tools are discussed and possible lines of enquiry identified.","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"101 1","pages":"54-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80607125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-01-01DOI: 10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1993.02160250051016
T. Dewitt, R. Goldberg, K. Roberts
Medical education is increasingly emphasizing outpatient experiences in community settings, and, concurrently, the development and assessment of the teaching skills of community faculty. These skills can be addressed through a faculty development program focusing on (1) issues relevant to community education, (2) adult learning principles, and (3) logistics that facilitate the participation of community medical faculty. Using a series of 1- to 3-day seminars, the program described focused on clinical precepting and brief presentations, used interactional teaching and practicums, and actively involved participants in the evaluation and planning fo the seminars. Evaluation of the program suggested that it was successful in increasing participants' knowledge and application of educational principles taught. Such programs can result in the development of an effective and potentially abundant resource of faculty members for the medical education of students and residents.
{"title":"Developing community faculty. Principles, practice, and evaluation.","authors":"T. Dewitt, R. Goldberg, K. Roberts","doi":"10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1993.02160250051016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1993.02160250051016","url":null,"abstract":"Medical education is increasingly emphasizing outpatient experiences in community settings, and, concurrently, the development and assessment of the teaching skills of community faculty. These skills can be addressed through a faculty development program focusing on (1) issues relevant to community education, (2) adult learning principles, and (3) logistics that facilitate the participation of community medical faculty. Using a series of 1- to 3-day seminars, the program described focused on clinical precepting and brief presentations, used interactional teaching and practicums, and actively involved participants in the evaluation and planning fo the seminars. Evaluation of the program suggested that it was successful in increasing participants' knowledge and application of educational principles taught. Such programs can result in the development of an effective and potentially abundant resource of faculty members for the medical education of students and residents.","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"114 1","pages":"49-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87971277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-01-01DOI: 10.1001/archpedi.1993.02160330027009
A. Pruitt
{"title":"Community response to medical need.","authors":"A. Pruitt","doi":"10.1001/archpedi.1993.02160330027009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1993.02160330027009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"15 1","pages":"937"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83110145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-01-01DOI: 10.1001/archpedi.1993.02160360022007
L. Barton
{"title":"Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and gastrointestinal injury in children.","authors":"L. Barton","doi":"10.1001/archpedi.1993.02160360022007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1993.02160360022007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"102 10","pages":"1280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1001/archpedi.1993.02160360022007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72376992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-01-01DOI: 10.1007/springerreference_82611
F. Levine, T. Friedmann
{"title":"Gene therapy.","authors":"F. Levine, T. Friedmann","doi":"10.1007/springerreference_82611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/springerreference_82611","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"16 1","pages":"1167-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81992327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-12-01DOI: 10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1992.02160240030011
T. B. Newan, M. Easterling, E. S. Goldman, D. Stevenson
Sir. —We wish to correct errors that we have discovered in our article that appeared in the March 1990 issue of AJDC . 1 We used a computerized database of babies born at the University of California, San Francisco, Medical Center from 1980 to 1982 to determine the frequency and yield of bilirubin levels of at least 86 μmol/L (5 mg/dL) at less than 24 hours of age, 171 μmol/L (10 mg/dL) at less than 48 hours of age, and 223 μmol/L (13 mg/dL) thereafter. Unfortunately, we have determined that the time of birth in the database for those 2 years was not accurate, hence our estimate of the age at which bilirubin values were measured was sometimes incorrect. This led to considerable overestimation of the frequency of jaundice during the first 2 days of life and slight underestimation of the frequency of jaundice thereafter. The overall frequency of hyperbilirubinemia as
{"title":"Laboratory evaluation of jaundice in newborns: corrections.","authors":"T. B. Newan, M. Easterling, E. S. Goldman, D. Stevenson","doi":"10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1992.02160240030011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1992.02160240030011","url":null,"abstract":"Sir. —We wish to correct errors that we have discovered in our article that appeared in the March 1990 issue of AJDC . 1 We used a computerized database of babies born at the University of California, San Francisco, Medical Center from 1980 to 1982 to determine the frequency and yield of bilirubin levels of at least 86 μmol/L (5 mg/dL) at less than 24 hours of age, 171 μmol/L (10 mg/dL) at less than 48 hours of age, and 223 μmol/L (13 mg/dL) thereafter. Unfortunately, we have determined that the time of birth in the database for those 2 years was not accurate, hence our estimate of the age at which bilirubin values were measured was sometimes incorrect. This led to considerable overestimation of the frequency of jaundice during the first 2 days of life and slight underestimation of the frequency of jaundice thereafter. The overall frequency of hyperbilirubinemia as","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"24 1","pages":"1420-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89459808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-12-01DOI: 10.1001/archpedi.1992.02160240035015
L. Finberg
{"title":"Rumination on the history of recognition of dehydration.","authors":"L. Finberg","doi":"10.1001/archpedi.1992.02160240035015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1992.02160240035015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"261 1","pages":"1425"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78961371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-12-01DOI: 10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1992.02160240098030
OBJECTIVE To determine the protocol and use of prescriptions of fluoride supplementation by primary care pediatricians and pediatric dentists in the Houston (Tex) area. DESIGN Survey mailed to all primary care pediatricians and pediatric dentists listed in the Yellow Pages of the Greater Houston telephone directory. PARTICIPANTS 153 pediatricians and 47 pediatric dentists. MAIN RESULTS Ninety-six percent of the participants prescribed fluoride supplements. Fifty-one percent of the pediatricians and 61% of the dentists considered that the fluoride content of the water was important. Seventy percent of the pediatricians and 30% of the dentists discontinued the use of supplements by age 7 to 10 years. CONCLUSIONS Pediatricians and pediatric dentists should consider the need for water analysis prior to supplementation and should continue the use of fluoride supplements until 16 years of age.
{"title":"Fluoride supplementation. A survey of pediatricians and pediatric dentists.","authors":"","doi":"10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1992.02160240098030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1992.02160240098030","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE\u0000To determine the protocol and use of prescriptions of fluoride supplementation by primary care pediatricians and pediatric dentists in the Houston (Tex) area.\u0000\u0000\u0000DESIGN\u0000Survey mailed to all primary care pediatricians and pediatric dentists listed in the Yellow Pages of the Greater Houston telephone directory.\u0000\u0000\u0000PARTICIPANTS\u0000153 pediatricians and 47 pediatric dentists.\u0000\u0000\u0000MAIN RESULTS\u0000Ninety-six percent of the participants prescribed fluoride supplements. Fifty-one percent of the pediatricians and 61% of the dentists considered that the fluoride content of the water was important. Seventy percent of the pediatricians and 30% of the dentists discontinued the use of supplements by age 7 to 10 years.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Pediatricians and pediatric dentists should consider the need for water analysis prior to supplementation and should continue the use of fluoride supplements until 16 years of age.","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"39 1","pages":"1488-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91158222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-10-01DOI: 10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1992.02160220038017
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate congruence between practice and residency training in the treatment of children with five "new morbidity" disorders. Data were obtained through mailed questionnaires. Counseling and behavior modification, without medications, were used for all five disorders by respondents most recently completing pediatric residency. Medications were used more frequently by pediatricians who had completed their residency training longer ago, particularly for nocturnal enuresis and chronic abdominal pain. The most recent graduates tended to treat a larger number of children with temper tantrums and separation anxiety. This is believed to result from more recent graduates being more comfortable and confident in recognizing and treating these conditions. In contrast, no association was noted between year in which residency was completed and number of children treated for nocturnal enuresis and chronic abdominal pain. This results from parents volunteering these symptomatic conditions since they perceive them to be medical problems.
{"title":"Confirmation. Practice behavior for treatment of new morbidity disorders reflects residency experience.","authors":"","doi":"10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1992.02160220038017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1992.02160220038017","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the present study was to evaluate congruence between practice and residency training in the treatment of children with five \"new morbidity\" disorders. Data were obtained through mailed questionnaires. Counseling and behavior modification, without medications, were used for all five disorders by respondents most recently completing pediatric residency. Medications were used more frequently by pediatricians who had completed their residency training longer ago, particularly for nocturnal enuresis and chronic abdominal pain. The most recent graduates tended to treat a larger number of children with temper tantrums and separation anxiety. This is believed to result from more recent graduates being more comfortable and confident in recognizing and treating these conditions. In contrast, no association was noted between year in which residency was completed and number of children treated for nocturnal enuresis and chronic abdominal pain. This results from parents volunteering these symptomatic conditions since they perceive them to be medical problems.","PeriodicalId":7654,"journal":{"name":"American journal of diseases of children","volume":"3 1","pages":"1152-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80492538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：