Stomatologiia. Stomatology最新文献

The authors, for the first time in our country, created working conditions for stomatoscopy on materials and trial-copies to be studied in advance, approaching in type and form to the oral cavity mucosa in norm and pathology. The magnifying possibilities of stomatoscope in observation of working trial-copies are clearly illustrated. Stomatoscopy is recommended as a diagnostic method in pathology of oral cavity mucosa after acquiring the necessary habits and skill, based on the experimental stomatoscopy described.

The authors propose a model complex of methods for objectivization of the effect of oral-hygienic agents. Attention is drawn to the selection and preparation of the probands for the clinical experiment, describing also the conditions of the experiment. The most appropriate indices for the evaluation of the effect of the oral-hygienic agents also presented: 1. Doublet plaque-index according to T. Dzemileva and M. Drjankova--enabling the parallel differential evaluation and recording of the incidence and thickness of the dental plaque. 2. Index of Fjodorov and Volodkina--particularly adequate for investigation of the agents for mechanical removal of dental plaque. 3. PMA-index--giving an idea of the therapeutic-prophylactic action of the oral-hygienic agents on gingival status. 4. Supragingival and bilateral probe-imprint--according to the well known method of T. Dzemileva et al. The proper selection of the methods for objectivization of the effect of the oral-higienic agents will guarantee the reliability of the results.

The author used high-saccharose fine-powdered diet of Stephan 580 for the reproduction of acute caries model as well as 6-week experimental period for 50 "Wistar" 21-days old rats, distributed into two groups--experimental and control. The carious lesions were established by a modified index, guaranteeing a complex evaluation of the lesions developing upon the fissurae, approximal and smooth tubercular surfaces. A high caries index was established. The involvement of the main transversal fissurase and of the contact approximal surfaces of rat molars in the upper and lower jaws was separately established.

An operation method for total auriculoplastics in two stages is proposed. The skeleton of auricle is prepared of biologically compatible colourless plastics. It is worked at the laboratory from the mirror-image imprint of the sound one. The periphery of the skeleton is reduced with 2 mm and holes along the whole plane are made with a view to the sameness of both auricles. The thus prepared skeleton is subcutaneously implanted and orientated symmetrically to the sound auricle during the first stage. After four months the seconds stage is proceeded to when the skin had been accreted to the implant. The skin incision is made 1 cm outside the skeleton enabling the proper formation of the helix. The wound surface behind the auricle is covered with a skin flap.

The level of scientific knowledge in the field of the complex stomatological prophylaxis of the polyvalent stomatologists is studied in the present paper, who are the direct executors of the complex prophylactic programmes. Their motivation for an actual realization of the prophylaxis was studied. A sociological study was carried out based on the inquiry method with 110 polyvalent stomatologists. The testing carried out revealed that the level of information of those stomatologists as regards the complex prophylaxis of the stomatological diseases was low, that their motivation was rather impoper necessitating a reconsideration of the training and pre-training of those important executive personnel in that field of the stomatological science and practice.

The acquired practical experience in the treatment of 20 in-patients is shared. All of them had advanced and severe atrophy of alveolar process and the body of mandibule. Two methods of vestibuloplastics were mainly applied: according to K. Schuchardt and the method of H. Pichler. The very good early and late results attained as regards the prosthetic field enabled the accomplishment of functionally fit prosthetic construction.

The incidence of dentad caries reahes to 83.33 per cent for the milk and to 95.9 per cent for the permanent teeth as established on the base of epidemiological studies on 5817 children and students, aged from 3 to 18 years, from the town of Pestera.

The author established that during mastication of experimental silicon morsel the teeth get get in contact in 3/4 of the 32 subjects examined, with 6.25 close contacts on the average for each half jaw. The observations on the separate stages of masticatory cycle reveal that the morsel is turned round between dentition, cheek and tongue, and about 90 degrees the closing of dentition follows to contact, continued to the final fragmentation of the morsel.

According to the modern concepts the ideal oral hygiene is decisive for the prophylaxis of caries and periodontal diseasese. However, its realization is not easy since dental plaque rapidly and ceaslessly cumulates upon all dental surfaces and is difficult to remove by the ordinary means for oral hygiene (tooth brush and tooth paste). Lately hope is centered on the antiseptics, being the base of various preparations as solutions for mouth wash for inhibition of dental plaque. The action of Furacillin tablets on the dental plaque was studied in 10 volunteers with sanated dentition, with on diseases of gingiva and periodontium. The probands sucked one tablet every three hours (6 tablets daily) in the course of 5 days with interrupted oral-hygienic cares. Dentalplaque was controlled by the oral higienic index of the whole dentition daily, after staining with 1 per cent alkaline fuxin. Probands, left on an ahygienic regimen for 5 days served as a control. The results from the study show an essential inhibitory effect of the tablets on trial upon the dental plaque and the possibilities to use the tablets for some patient groups with restrictions as regards the maintenance of oral hygiene via the ordinary means.