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Radiation safety awareness among patients and radiographers in three hospitals in Port Harcourt 哈科特港三家医院患者和放射技师的辐射安全意识
Pub Date : 2013-02-01 DOI: 10.5251/AJSIR.2013.4.1.83.88
M. Briggs-Kamara, P.C.N. Okoye
People become nervous and worried whenever they are exposed to X-rays or similar forms of radiation. Such reactions may be attributed to ignorance, hearsay or actual knowledge of the harmful effects associated with these forms of radiation. To ascertain the true position a Radiation Safety Awareness survey was conducted among patients who receive X-ray irradiation at three Hospitals in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. The study employed the use of a carefully thought-out questionnaire administered to one hundred and fifty (150) patients and radiographers at the selected hospitals. Seventy-five of eighty (93.8%) of the radiographers, and sixty of seventy (85.7%) of patients responded. Of these 44 (58.7%) of the radiographers reported that they were aware of the dangers of ionizing radiation, while 52 (86.7%) of the patients expressed ignorance. We have shown that the patients’ awareness of the dangers of ionizing radiation is very poor while level awareness by the radiographers is unacceptable. In conclusion, concerted effort is to be made by all concerned for a successful healthcare delivery.
每当人们暴露在x射线或类似形式的辐射下,他们就会变得紧张和担心。这种反应可归因于对与这些形式的辐射有关的有害影响的无知、道听途说或实际了解。为了确定真实情况,在河州哈科特港三家医院接受x射线照射的病人中进行了辐射安全意识调查。这项研究采用了一份精心设计的调查问卷,在选定的医院对150名患者和放射技师进行了调查。80名放射技师中有75名(93.8%)作出回应,70名病人中有60名(85.7%)作出回应。其中44名(58.7%)放射技师表示知悉电离辐射的危害,而52名(86.7%)病人表示不知情。我们已经表明,病人对电离辐射危害的认识非常差,而放射技师的认识水平是不可接受的。总之,有关各方必须共同努力,才能成功地提供保健服务。
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引用次数: 47
Adsorption of Lead from wastewater on Pakistani bentonites 巴基斯坦膨润土对废水中铅的吸附研究
Pub Date : 2012-12-01 DOI: 10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.387.389
N. Zahra
Lead and lead compounds are generally noxious pollutants. Lead contamination from a variety of industrial sources pose a significant environmental threat to receiving waters and its presence causes contagion of plants and then through nutritional chain it affects the health of humans and animals. The present study undertakes the efficiency of natural bentonites taken from various areas of Pakistan for removal of lead from wastewater. The batch adsorption study was applied to remove this toxic metal. The quantities of lead metal before and after the treatment of standard solutions with different samples of bentonite were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopic method. The studies were carried out at room temperature, pH 7 and -200 mesh particle size using 50ml of metal solutions. The time taken to maintain equilibrium was one hour. Then percentage adsorption was calculated for different bentonite samples.
铅和铅化合物通常是有害的污染物。来自各种工业来源的铅污染对接收水构成重大的环境威胁,它的存在引起植物的传染,然后通过营养链影响人类和动物的健康。本研究对取自巴基斯坦不同地区的天然膨润土去除废水中的铅的效率进行了研究。采用间歇吸附法对该有毒金属进行了脱除研究。用原子吸收光谱法测定了不同膨润土样品处理标准溶液前后铅的含量。研究在室温下进行,pH为7,使用50ml金属溶液,粒径为-200目。维持平衡所需的时间是一小时。然后计算不同膨润土样品的吸附率。
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引用次数: 1
Association of Hp 1-1 with liver disorders among Sudanese patients 苏丹患者中Hp -1与肝脏疾病的关系
Pub Date : 2012-12-01 DOI: 10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.403.405
M. I. Elbashir, N. Ibrahim, R. Baleela, H. Ahmed, I. Elkhider, A. Elagib
An assessment study was conducted to investigate the role of serum Haptoglobin (Hp) phenotypes in Sudanese patients with liver diseases on susceptibility to attain these diseases. Hp phenotypes were determined by separating sera supplemented with haemolysate on 4.7% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by Benzidine staining. The number of individuals with Hp1-1 was found significantly higher among patients with hepatitis B virus infection (HBV) (P<0.0005), patients with liver cirrhosis (P<0.0005) and patients with liver cancer (P<0.002) when compared to healthy control group. We suggest an association between Hp1-1 and susceptibility to HBV, liver cirrhosis and liver cancer that might be further associated with the development of different pathological complications.
进行了一项评估研究,以调查苏丹肝病患者血清触珠蛋白(Hp)表型对这些疾病易感性的作用。通过4.7%聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和联苯胺染色分离经血液液补充的血清,确定Hp表型。乙型肝炎病毒感染(HBV)患者(P<0.0005)、肝硬化患者(P<0.0005)和肝癌患者(P<0.002)中hpv -1个体数明显高于健康对照组。我们认为hpv -1与HBV、肝硬化和肝癌易感性之间存在关联,并可能与不同病理并发症的发生进一步相关。
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引用次数: 3
Estimation of silver content in some photographic wastes 某些照相废料中银含量的估计
Pub Date : 2012-12-01 DOI: 10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.390.394
K. Okorosaye, I. Jack
The concentration of silver in some photographic wastes (photographic solution, stabilizer solution and photographic films) has been determined in this study. Plantain ash solution (PAS) of different concentrations was used as solution for stripping the films and as extractant for the photographic solutions. Products obtained were analysed for silver content. The concentration of silver was measured using UV-visible spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 380nm, path length 1cm using silver nitrate for calibration. Results obtained revealed that plantain ash solution extracted silver from the various wastes in all the concentrations of PAS used. However the silver content was observed to be highest in the photographic film and fixer solution and lowest for stabilizer solution in the particular instance. In all the photographic wastes studied, it was observed that although more products were recovered by using higher concentrations of PAS, higher concentrations of silver ions were obtained when lower concentrations of PAS were used (0.1500 -0.8450M ). Therefore lower concentrations of PAS can be used for leaching of photographic wastes of silver.
本文测定了照相废液、稳定剂溶液和照相胶片中银的浓度。采用不同浓度的车前草灰溶液(PAS)作为脱膜液和照相液的萃取剂。对所得产品进行银含量分析。用紫外可见分光光度计测量银的浓度,波长为380nm,光路长度为1cm,用硝酸银进行校准。结果表明,车前草灰溶液在不同浓度的废液中均能提取银。但在特殊情况下,照相胶片和定影液中的银含量最高,稳定剂溶液中的银含量最低。在所研究的所有摄影废弃物中,我们观察到,尽管使用较高浓度的PAS可以回收更多的产品,但当使用较低浓度的PAS (0.1500 -0.8450M)时,可以获得较高浓度的银离子。因此,较低浓度的PAS可用于浸出摄影废银。
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引用次数: 9
Effect of radiation on MHD free convection flow past an impulsively moving vertical plate with ramped wall temperature 辐射对MHD自由对流流过壁面温度陡变的脉冲运动垂直板的影响
Pub Date : 2012-12-01 DOI: 10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.376.386
N. Ghara, S. Das, S. L. Maji, R. Jana
The effects of radiation on MHD free convection flow of a viscous incompressible electrically conducting fluid past a moving infinite vertical plate with ramped wall temperature have been studied. The Laplace transform technique has been applied to obtain an exact solution in a closed form, when the plate is moving impulsively with a velocity
本文研究了辐射对粘性不可压缩导电流体在移动的无限大垂直板上自由对流流动的影响。本文应用拉普拉斯变换技术,求出了当板以一定速度作脉冲运动时的封闭形式的精确解
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引用次数: 32
Applicability of logistics management to bank’s branch operation 物流管理在银行分支机构运营中的适用性
Pub Date : 2012-12-01 DOI: 10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.449.457
A. Onaolapo, Ajiboye Olarinkoye
The paper examines prospects of applying logistics management to branch operation in a typical commercial banking sector using the case of Nigeria Commercial Banks. The research design involves an evaluation of selected study variables which are regressed to determine the impact of operational cost control on bank profit. On the basis of findings the study undertakes the development of improvement models .The study thus recommend the master plan and supply chain iterative processes, as operational improvement options for controlling bank logistic activities. The robustness of the master planning and continuous improvement models designed have the potentialities for enhancing the quality of bank operations whose functionality depend on resource flow across a typical head-office-branch network.
本文以尼日利亚商业银行为例,探讨了将物流管理应用于典型商业银行分支机构运营的前景。研究设计包括对选定的研究变量进行评估,这些变量被回归以确定运营成本控制对银行利润的影响。在研究结果的基础上,研究开发了改进模型。因此,研究建议总体规划和供应链迭代过程,作为控制银行物流活动的操作改进方案。设计的总体规划和持续改进模型的稳健性有可能提高银行业务的质量,这些业务的功能依赖于典型的总部分行网络的资源流动。
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引用次数: 0
Application of water quality index to assess suitability of groundwater quality for drinking purposes in Ratmao –Pathri Rao watershed, Haridwar District, India 应用水质指数评价印度Haridwar地区Ratmao -Pathri Rao流域地下水水质饮用适宜性
Pub Date : 2012-12-01 DOI: 10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.395.402
Mufid Al-hadithi
Water Quality Index has been applying in the present study to assess suitability of groundwater quality for drinking purposes in Ratmao –Pathri Rao Watershed, Haridwar District, India. This was carried out by subjecting twenty one groundwater samples, collected from eleven selected site, to comprehensive physico-chemical analysis. Nine parameters have been considered for calculating the WQI such as: pH, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, bicarbonate, chloride, nitrate, sulphate, and total dissolved solids. The computed WQI shows that 48% of water sample falls in excellent categories and 48% falls in the good water category. On the other hand one site located at Teliwala village which represent 4% falls in very poor categories. Such waters are not suitable for drinking purposes under normal condition and further action for salinity control is required. The high value of WQI at this site has been found to be mainly due to the higher values of TDS, Ca +2 , K + , Cl , Hco3 , No3 2and So4 2where it was found that there is a very high correlation coefficient between them
在本研究中,水质指数被用于评价印度哈里瓦尔地区Ratmao -Pathri Rao流域地下水水质是否适合饮用。这是通过对从11个选定地点收集的21个地下水样本进行综合物理化学分析来进行的。计算WQI时考虑了9个参数,如:pH值、总硬度、钙、镁、碳酸氢盐、氯化物、硝酸盐、硫酸盐和总溶解固体。计算得到的水质质量指数表明,48%的水样属于优良水样,48%的水样属于优良水样。另一方面,位于Teliwala村的一个遗址占4%,属于非常贫困的类别。这些水在正常情况下不适合饮用,需要采取进一步的措施控制盐度。WQI在这个位置的高值主要是由于TDS、Ca +2、K +、Cl、Hco3、no32和So4 2的值较高,并且发现它们之间有很高的相关系数
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引用次数: 64
Morphometric analysis of the foramen magnum and jugular foramen in adult skulls in southern Nigerian population 尼日利亚南部人群成年颅骨枕骨大孔和颈静脉孔的形态计量学分析
Pub Date : 2012-12-01 DOI: 10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.446.448
Osunwoke E.A, O. G.S, Gwunireama I.U, Ngaokere J.O
A morphometric analysis of the foramen magnum and jugular foramen of adult skulls in southern Nigeria was carried out to demonstrate the anatomical variations in morphology. A total number of 120 dry skulls were used for this study. Measurements were performed by using a digital vernier caliper to span across the lengths and widths of the two foramina. Results revealed that the mean length and width of the foramen magnum was 36.11±0.24mm and 29.65± 0.24mm respectively. The mean length of the right and left jugular foramen was 15.76±0.22mm and 13.39±0.23mm respectively, while the mean width of the right and left jugular foramen was 9.34±0.18mm and 7.54±0.20mm respectively. There was a significant difference between the right and the left jugular foramen. The right jugular foramen was found to be larger than the left in Southern Nigeria.
对尼日利亚南部成人颅骨的枕骨大孔和颈静脉孔进行了形态计量学分析,以证明其形态学上的解剖差异。本研究共使用了120个干颅骨。通过使用数字游标卡尺测量两个孔的长度和宽度。结果显示,枕骨大孔的平均长度为36.11±0.24mm,宽度为29.65±0.24mm。左右颈静脉孔平均长度分别为15.76±0.22mm和13.39±0.23mm,左右颈静脉孔平均宽度分别为9.34±0.18mm和7.54±0.20mm。右、左颈静脉孔有显著性差异。在尼日利亚南部,右颈静脉孔比左颈静脉孔大。
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引用次数: 39
Cosmetic potentials of physic nut (Jatropha curcas Linn.) seed oil: A review 物理坚果(麻疯树)籽油的美容潜力综述
Pub Date : 2012-12-01 DOI: 10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.358.366
A. Warra
The present review justify the potentials of Jatropha curcas L. seed oil and its uses in cosmetic production . The values of physicochemical properties and other parameters of the oil determined are in favour of its usage for cosmetics based on the previous research works .Exploitation of its seed oil for use in cosmetic products in some countries were also critically reviewed. Most details centered on the most profitable use of the seed oil compared to its usage for biofuels.
本文综述了麻疯树籽油在化妆品生产中的应用潜力。根据以往的研究工作,测定了其理化性质和其他参数的值,支持其用于化妆品,并对一些国家开发其种子油用于化妆品进行了评述。大多数细节都集中在与生物燃料相比,种子油最有利可图的用途上。
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引用次数: 25
Uses of sawdust as admixture in production of lowcost and light-weight hollow sandcrete blocks 木屑作为外加剂在低成本轻质空心砂混凝土砌块生产中的应用
Pub Date : 2012-12-01 DOI: 10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.458.463
I. H. Adebakin, A. Adeyemia, Joy Tuoyo Adu, F. Ajayi, A. LawalA., O. Ogunrinola
Prompted by the high cost of building materials as well as the amount of dead load weight generated by block wall on beams and columns in partitioning works most especially in high rise buildings, this project work on the use of sawdust as admixture in production of hollow sandcrete blocks was carried out in order to investigate a possible solution to the problems. The research work understudies the weight vis-a-vis cost of production of available commercial sandcrete blocks in Lagos metropolis. It has been observed that prices of construction blocks were typically above the reach of many Nigerians. Production of sandcrete blocks were made by partial replacement of sand with a varying proportion (10%, 20%, 30% and 40%) of sawdust. The strength of each block was determined to ascertain conformity with the minimum acceptable standards. Equally, the weights were checked and compared with blocks devoid of sawdust. The tests were carried out on the 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after production. From data gathered, recommendations were given which will be beneficial to the construction industry and general populace in respect of low cost and light weight sandcrete blocks. It is concluded that if the recommendations herein should be followed, problems of cost and weight in building construction shall be reduced.
由于建筑材料的高成本,以及在高层建筑的分区工程中,梁和柱上的砌块墙产生的自重量,本项目研究使用木屑作为生产空心砂混凝土砌块的外加剂,以研究解决问题的可能方法。该研究工作研究了拉各斯大都市可用商用砂混凝土块的重量相对于生产成本。据观察,建筑块的价格通常超出许多尼日利亚人的承受能力。用不同比例(10%、20%、30%和40%)的木屑部分替代砂,生产砂混凝土砌块。确定每个砌块的强度,以确保符合最低可接受标准。同样,将重量与没有木屑的木块进行检查和比较。试验分别在生产后的第7、14、21和28天进行。根据收集到的数据,我们提出了一些建议,这些建议将有利于建筑行业和一般民众使用低成本和轻质砂混凝土砌块。结论是,如果遵循本文的建议,将减少建筑施工中的成本和重量问题。
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引用次数: 38
期刊
American Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research
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