Pub Date : 2012-12-01DOI: 10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.367.375
E. Bhaya, Mayada Ali
We show that the degree of copositive multipolynomial approximation to a function which changes signs finitely many times in , can be estimated by , where
我们证明了在，中一个变换符号有限多次的函数的复合多多项式逼近的程度可以用，其中
{"title":"Positivity Preserving Multiapproximation","authors":"E. Bhaya, Mayada Ali","doi":"10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.367.375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.367.375","url":null,"abstract":"We show that the degree of copositive multipolynomial approximation to a function which changes signs finitely many times in , can be estimated by , where","PeriodicalId":7661,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"367-375"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88947570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-01DOI: 10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.406.429
Dhwyia S. Hassun, A. Nathier, Assel N. Hussein
This paper concerned with estimating reliability function of one of the important failure models, which is used when the underlying population is non homogenous, this model is called mixed Weibull distribution, when there are only two sub – population with mixing proportions taking into account the case when items that fail can classified and can be attributed to appropriate sub – populations. Two methods were used to estimate the reliability function which are; (1) Maximum likelihood Method (ML). (2) Weighted Least Square Method (WLS). The simulation procedure using Monte Carlo Method, are used and several experiments are implemented to find the best estimators which have smallest mean square error. All results are explained in tables.
{"title":"Comparing Different Estimators of Parameters and Reliability for Mixed Weibull by Simulation","authors":"Dhwyia S. Hassun, A. Nathier, Assel N. Hussein","doi":"10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.406.429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.406.429","url":null,"abstract":"This paper concerned with estimating reliability function of one of the important failure models, which is used when the underlying population is non homogenous, this model is called mixed Weibull distribution, when there are only two sub – population with mixing proportions taking into account the case when items that fail can classified and can be attributed to appropriate sub – populations. Two methods were used to estimate the reliability function which are; (1) Maximum likelihood Method (ML). (2) Weighted Least Square Method (WLS). The simulation procedure using Monte Carlo Method, are used and several experiments are implemented to find the best estimators which have smallest mean square error. All results are explained in tables.","PeriodicalId":7661,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"406-429"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88600731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-01DOI: 10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.441.445
E. Osunwoke, B. Didia
This research on the normal values of inner intercanthal, outer intercanthal, head circumference and interpupillary distance was carried out on 3-21 years old Ijaws. A total number of one thousand subjects comprising five hundred males (500) and five hundred females (500) were randomly selected from Baptist Nursery and primary schools in Biogbolo, Bayelsa state College of Arts and Science Secondary School Agudama Yenagoa, University of Port Harcourt, St Peter’s area and Biogbolo town in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Measurements were carried out using a vernier caliper, non stretchable plastic ruler and tape respectively. Results showed that the overall mean for inner intercanthal distance, outer intercanthal distance, head circumference, near and far interpupillary distances were 28.30±4.16mm, 92.49±6.30mm, 54.46±2.19cm, 57.64±4.49mm and 60.47±4.48mm for males while for the females, the values were 28.15±2.75mm, 91.96±5.81mm, 54.27±2.00cm, 56.86±4.92mm and 59.77±4.95mm respectively. The values obtained for males in the near and far interpupillary distance were significantly (p<0.001) higher than that gotten for females. This study is of relevance in clinical practice and forensic investigations.
{"title":"A study on the normal values of inner canthal, outer canthal, interpupillary distance and head circumference of 3-21 years ijaws","authors":"E. Osunwoke, B. Didia","doi":"10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.441.445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.441.445","url":null,"abstract":"This research on the normal values of inner intercanthal, outer intercanthal, head circumference and interpupillary distance was carried out on 3-21 years old Ijaws. A total number of one thousand subjects comprising five hundred males (500) and five hundred females (500) were randomly selected from Baptist Nursery and primary schools in Biogbolo, Bayelsa state College of Arts and Science Secondary School Agudama Yenagoa, University of Port Harcourt, St Peter’s area and Biogbolo town in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Measurements were carried out using a vernier caliper, non stretchable plastic ruler and tape respectively. Results showed that the overall mean for inner intercanthal distance, outer intercanthal distance, head circumference, near and far interpupillary distances were 28.30±4.16mm, 92.49±6.30mm, 54.46±2.19cm, 57.64±4.49mm and 60.47±4.48mm for males while for the females, the values were 28.15±2.75mm, 91.96±5.81mm, 54.27±2.00cm, 56.86±4.92mm and 59.77±4.95mm respectively. The values obtained for males in the near and far interpupillary distance were significantly (p<0.001) higher than that gotten for females. This study is of relevance in clinical practice and forensic investigations.","PeriodicalId":7661,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research","volume":"50 1","pages":"441-445"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84894701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-01DOI: 10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.345.357
A. Oluleye, C. Amaghionyeodiwe
Higher education is regarded as a public good, recognized as forming vital social functions and disseminating knowledge. Of recent, the shortage of funds, the introduction of neo-liberal policies and globalization have contributed to rapid growth and a shift in emphasis to privatization of education. This appears a global trend. The cut in funding University coupled with increasing quest for university education have continued to stretch the dexterity of University administrators on quality. The university system has in recent years not been able to admit as it would have. In this work, an activity-based model was developed and used to estimate the manpower cost per student in a department offering engineering courses in a Nigerian University. This model was applied in 2003 and 2007. In 2003, 300 level courses had the highest cost. It was found that 200 and 300 levels attracted about 64% of the total cost. However, in 2007, 100 level courses recorded the highest costs, raising questions about the cost of borrowing courses from the servicing Faculty of Science, which provides about 80% of the borrowed courses. This work developed an activity based model for evaluating university manpower requirements and presented graduated stepped format for bridging gaps.
{"title":"An activity-based model for estimating manpower cost of university education","authors":"A. Oluleye, C. Amaghionyeodiwe","doi":"10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.345.357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.345.357","url":null,"abstract":"Higher education is regarded as a public good, recognized as forming vital social functions and disseminating knowledge. Of recent, the shortage of funds, the introduction of neo-liberal policies and globalization have contributed to rapid growth and a shift in emphasis to privatization of education. This appears a global trend. The cut in funding University coupled with increasing quest for university education have continued to stretch the dexterity of University administrators on quality. The university system has in recent years not been able to admit as it would have. In this work, an activity-based model was developed and used to estimate the manpower cost per student in a department offering engineering courses in a Nigerian University. This model was applied in 2003 and 2007. In 2003, 300 level courses had the highest cost. It was found that 200 and 300 levels attracted about 64% of the total cost. However, in 2007, 100 level courses recorded the highest costs, raising questions about the cost of borrowing courses from the servicing Faculty of Science, which provides about 80% of the borrowed courses. This work developed an activity based model for evaluating university manpower requirements and presented graduated stepped format for bridging gaps.","PeriodicalId":7661,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research","volume":"234 1","pages":"345-357"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79182950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-01DOI: 10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.430.440
Y. Atohoun, U. Kuevi
A theoretical study of hydrogenolysis of a C-X bond of 2-methyltetrahydrothiophene (2-MTHT), 2methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MTHF) and 2-methylpyrrolidine (2-MP) molecules, over molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and tungsten disulfide (WS2) has been performed by MP2 calculations in the Lanl2DZ basis set. Both catalysts were modeled by catalytic sites with three anionic vacancies MoS3H3 + and WS3H3 + respectively. The temperature and pressure conditions respected in the study are respectively 573 K and 70 atm. The obtained results shown that, the Hydrogenolysis of a C-X bond of methyled carbon of 2-MTHT and 2-MTHF molecules led to the formation of 1pentanethiol and 1-pentanol adsorbed over the each catalyst. On the other hand, in the case of the 2-MP molecule, the catalytic site was implicated in the reaction with formation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The Hydrogenolysis activation energies of various transformations were variable from MoS2 to WS2 catalysts except for 2-MTHT. In presence of a same kind of catalyst, the activation energies of Hydrogenolysis of the C-X bond (methyled carbon atom) of 2-MTHF and 2MTHT increase in the order X = O, S.
{"title":"Comparative study of hydrogenolysis of a C-X bond in three homologous heterocyclic compounds of chemical formula C5H10X with X = S, O and NH","authors":"Y. Atohoun, U. Kuevi","doi":"10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.430.440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.430.440","url":null,"abstract":"A theoretical study of hydrogenolysis of a C-X bond of 2-methyltetrahydrothiophene (2-MTHT), 2methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MTHF) and 2-methylpyrrolidine (2-MP) molecules, over molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and tungsten disulfide (WS2) has been performed by MP2 calculations in the Lanl2DZ basis set. Both catalysts were modeled by catalytic sites with three anionic vacancies MoS3H3 + and WS3H3 + respectively. The temperature and pressure conditions respected in the study are respectively 573 K and 70 atm. The obtained results shown that, the Hydrogenolysis of a C-X bond of methyled carbon of 2-MTHT and 2-MTHF molecules led to the formation of 1pentanethiol and 1-pentanol adsorbed over the each catalyst. On the other hand, in the case of the 2-MP molecule, the catalytic site was implicated in the reaction with formation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The Hydrogenolysis activation energies of various transformations were variable from MoS2 to WS2 catalysts except for 2-MTHT. In presence of a same kind of catalyst, the activation energies of Hydrogenolysis of the C-X bond (methyled carbon atom) of 2-MTHF and 2MTHT increase in the order X = O, S.","PeriodicalId":7661,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"430-440"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84653446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-01DOI: 10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.464.473
A. Antonov
A new hypothesis of a structure of the Multiverse which is based on the theoretically and experimentally established assumption – the existence of hidden extra dimensions in our Universe – is suggested. The suggested hypothesis of the Multiverse, contrary to earlier hypotheses of the Multiverse which were mostly developing the principles of the string theory and many-world interpretation of quantum mechanics, ensues from principle to physical reality of imaginary and complex numbers. Therefore such Multiverse allows for its experimental verification and, most likely, really exists. The parallel Universes entering into it according to a principle of similarity of the Universes are governed by the same laws of physics, in they there are elementary particles, atoms and molecules, there are planets and stars, and even there are reasonable inhabitants who, possibly, already found ways of visit of Earth. Therefore inhabitants of Earth also can visit the adjacent parallel Universes through natural and artificial portals. Possible mechanisms of portal formation are discussed.
{"title":"Earth, portals, parallel universes","authors":"A. Antonov","doi":"10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.464.473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.6.464.473","url":null,"abstract":"A new hypothesis of a structure of the Multiverse which is based on the theoretically and experimentally established assumption – the existence of hidden extra dimensions in our Universe – is suggested. The suggested hypothesis of the Multiverse, contrary to earlier hypotheses of the Multiverse which were mostly developing the principles of the string theory and many-world interpretation of quantum mechanics, ensues from principle to physical reality of imaginary and complex numbers. Therefore such Multiverse allows for its experimental verification and, most likely, really exists. The parallel Universes entering into it according to a principle of similarity of the Universes are governed by the same laws of physics, in they there are elementary particles, atoms and molecules, there are planets and stars, and even there are reasonable inhabitants who, possibly, already found ways of visit of Earth. Therefore inhabitants of Earth also can visit the adjacent parallel Universes through natural and artificial portals. Possible mechanisms of portal formation are discussed.","PeriodicalId":7661,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"464-473"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89103866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-01DOI: 10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.5.300.304
S. Obam
{"title":"Properties of saw-dust, paper and starch composite ceiling board","authors":"S. Obam","doi":"10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.5.300.304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.5.300.304","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7661,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research","volume":"65 1","pages":"300-304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76522618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-01DOI: 10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.5.272.282
N. Goshwe, I. Tijam
This paper presents an optimal design of low cost Yagi Udi antennas. The design targets the field strength in the main beam to be larger than a critical minimum value, the directivity to be large enough over the whole frequency band, the antenna’s input impedance to match the generator reasonably well over the entire band and that the VSWR be small. Nigerian Television Authority, Makurdi Network centre in Nigeria parameters was used. It transmits at VHF, operating on Channel 13 (215 218) MHz. The specification was used to calculate values for the antenna dimensions to be used for the simulation. Antenna Magus 2.2 software was used to simulate the optimal designed conditions of the Yagi-Uda antenna. For this design, the director spacing of the designed antenna was varied while maintaining the spacing between the first director and keeping the driven element constant. Optimal design was obtained at a gain of 14.37 dBi and frequency of 223.7 MHz. Peak real impedance of the antenna was attained at 134.61Ω with a corresponding frequency of 259.7 MHz and the Real impedance at zero-crossing frequency increased to 334.0 Ω at Frequency 200.9 MHz. The VSWR of as low as 1.463 was obtained at frequency of 212.8 MHz, which falls within the VHF operating frequency. These results show a significant reduction in the value of VSWR and increase in both gain and bandwidth.
{"title":"Optimal Design of Yagi-Udi Antenna for VHF Band Application Using Magus 2.2 Software","authors":"N. Goshwe, I. Tijam","doi":"10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.5.272.282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.5.272.282","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an optimal design of low cost Yagi Udi antennas. The design targets the field strength in the main beam to be larger than a critical minimum value, the directivity to be large enough over the whole frequency band, the antenna’s input impedance to match the generator reasonably well over the entire band and that the VSWR be small. Nigerian Television Authority, Makurdi Network centre in Nigeria parameters was used. It transmits at VHF, operating on Channel 13 (215 218) MHz. The specification was used to calculate values for the antenna dimensions to be used for the simulation. Antenna Magus 2.2 software was used to simulate the optimal designed conditions of the Yagi-Uda antenna. For this design, the director spacing of the designed antenna was varied while maintaining the spacing between the first director and keeping the driven element constant. Optimal design was obtained at a gain of 14.37 dBi and frequency of 223.7 MHz. Peak real impedance of the antenna was attained at 134.61Ω with a corresponding frequency of 259.7 MHz and the Real impedance at zero-crossing frequency increased to 334.0 Ω at Frequency 200.9 MHz. The VSWR of as low as 1.463 was obtained at frequency of 212.8 MHz, which falls within the VHF operating frequency. These results show a significant reduction in the value of VSWR and increase in both gain and bandwidth.","PeriodicalId":7661,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research","volume":"22 2 1","pages":"272-282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90403168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-01DOI: 10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.5.283.287
E. Etuk
Time series analysis of Nigerian Consumer Price Index (NCPI) Data is done. It is observed that it is seasonal. A multiplicative seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model , (0, 1, 1)x(0, 1, 1)12, is fitted to the series. A visual inspection of the actual and the fitted time plots reveals a close agreement between the two.
{"title":"Seasonal ARIMA model to Nigerian consumer price index data","authors":"E. Etuk","doi":"10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.5.283.287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.5.283.287","url":null,"abstract":"Time series analysis of Nigerian Consumer Price Index (NCPI) Data is done. It is observed that it is seasonal. A multiplicative seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model , (0, 1, 1)x(0, 1, 1)12, is fitted to the series. A visual inspection of the actual and the fitted time plots reveals a close agreement between the two.","PeriodicalId":7661,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research","volume":"82 1","pages":"283-287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79080100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-01DOI: 10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.5.288.291
R. Ogunrinde, J. Sunday
This paper presents some models based on second order differential equations. Such models include interaction between different kinds of species in an environment and pricing policy for optimum inventory level of a firm. The paper goes further to discuss the formulations, solutions and applications of such models. Keywords; (Models, Second Order, Interaction, Pricing Policy)
{"title":"On some models based on second order differential equations","authors":"R. Ogunrinde, J. Sunday","doi":"10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.5.288.291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5251/AJSIR.2012.3.5.288.291","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents some models based on second order differential equations. Such models include interaction between different kinds of species in an environment and pricing policy for optimum inventory level of a firm. The paper goes further to discuss the formulations, solutions and applications of such models. Keywords; (Models, Second Order, Interaction, Pricing Policy)","PeriodicalId":7661,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"288-291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77100463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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