SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy has severe consequences on maternal and neonatal health. Presently, vaccination stands as a critical preventive measure for mitigating infection-related risks. Although the initial clinical trials for the COVID-19 vaccines excluded pregnant women, subsequent investigations have indicated mRNA vaccinations' effectiveness and short-term safety during pregnancy. However, there is a lack of information regarding the potential biodistribution of the vaccine mRNA during pregnancy and lactation. Recent findings indicate that COVID-19 vaccine mRNA has been detected in breast milk, suggesting that its presence is not confined to the injection site and raises the possibility of similar distribution to the placenta and the fetus. Furthermore, the potential effects and responses of the placenta and fetus to the vaccine mRNA are still unknown. While potential risks might exist with the exposure of the placenta and fetus to the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, the application of mRNA therapies for maternal and fetal conditions offers a groundbreaking prospect. Future research should leverage the unique opportunity provided by the first-ever application of mRNA vaccines in humans to understand their biodistribution and impact on the placenta and fetus in pregnant women. Such insights could substantially advance the development of safer and more effective future mRNA-based therapies during pregnancy.
{"title":"COVID-19 Vaccine mRNA Biodistribution: Maternal and Fetal Exposure Risks","authors":"Connie Zhong, Koral Cohen, Xinhua Lin, Emily Schiller, Surendra Sharma, Nazeeh Hanna","doi":"10.1111/aji.13934","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.13934","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy has severe consequences on maternal and neonatal health. Presently, vaccination stands as a critical preventive measure for mitigating infection-related risks. Although the initial clinical trials for the COVID-19 vaccines excluded pregnant women, subsequent investigations have indicated mRNA vaccinations' effectiveness and short-term safety during pregnancy. However, there is a lack of information regarding the potential biodistribution of the vaccine mRNA during pregnancy and lactation. Recent findings indicate that COVID-19 vaccine mRNA has been detected in breast milk, suggesting that its presence is not confined to the injection site and raises the possibility of similar distribution to the placenta and the fetus. Furthermore, the potential effects and responses of the placenta and fetus to the vaccine mRNA are still unknown. While potential risks might exist with the exposure of the placenta and fetus to the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, the application of mRNA therapies for maternal and fetal conditions offers a groundbreaking prospect. Future research should leverage the unique opportunity provided by the first-ever application of mRNA vaccines in humans to understand their biodistribution and impact on the placenta and fetus in pregnant women. Such insights could substantially advance the development of safer and more effective future mRNA-based therapies during pregnancy.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to evaluate the correlation between anti-annexin A5 (aANXA5) antibody in the blood and pregnancy outcomes .
Methods
This study is a retrospective cohort study based on singleton pregnancies of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from May 2018 to December 2022. Baseline characteristics were collected from all participants. Logistic regression and interaction effect analyses were utilized to examine the risk impact of aANXA5 on pregnancy complications, adjusting for age, BMI, abortion, ANA, and aCL. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) and threshold effect analysis were applied to explore the relationship between aANXA5 levels and preterm birth (PTB), as well as pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH).
Results
The study included 501 participants, with 51 (10.2%) testing positive for aANXA5 and 450 (89.8%) testing negative. The aANXA5 positive group exhibited higher rates of ANA and antibodies to thyroglobulin (TGAb), along with increased incidences of PTB and PIH. Positive aANXA5 status was independently linked to an elevated risk of PTB (OR: 2.53, 95% CI: 1.30–4.94) and PIH (OR: 4.23, 95% CI: 1.54–11.62). Subsequent subgroup analysis indicated no significant interaction between the groups (p > 0.05). Threshold analysis revealed that the OR for PTB was 1.20 (95% CI: 1.03–1.39) in participants with aANXA5 levels ≥ 32.77 ng/mL, and the OR for PIH was 1.62 (95% CI: 1.15–2.28) in those with aANXA5 levels ≥ 33.20 ng/mL.
Conclusion
AANXA5 is independently associated with an increased risk of PTB and PIH. The identified optimal predictive cutoff values are 32.77 ng/mL for PTB and 33.20 ng/mL for PIH.
{"title":"Association of Anti-Annexin A5 Antibody With Pregnancy Outcomes: A Cohort Study","authors":"Xueke Guo, Junmiao Xiang, Wenmei Zhang, Xiuying Zheng, Yuanyuan Dai, Zhuhua Cai","doi":"10.1111/aji.13936","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.13936","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to evaluate the correlation between anti-annexin A5 (aANXA5) antibody in the blood and pregnancy outcomes\u0000.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study is a retrospective cohort study based on singleton pregnancies of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from May 2018 to December 2022. Baseline characteristics were collected from all participants. Logistic regression and interaction effect analyses were utilized to examine the risk impact of aANXA5 on pregnancy complications, adjusting for age, BMI, abortion, ANA, and aCL. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) and threshold effect analysis were applied to explore the relationship between aANXA5 levels and preterm birth (PTB), as well as pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study included 501 participants, with 51 (10.2%) testing positive for aANXA5 and 450 (89.8%) testing negative. The aANXA5 positive group exhibited higher rates of ANA and antibodies to thyroglobulin (TGAb), along with increased incidences of PTB and PIH. Positive aANXA5 status was independently linked to an elevated risk of PTB (OR: 2.53, 95% CI: 1.30–4.94) and PIH (OR: 4.23, 95% CI: 1.54–11.62). Subsequent subgroup analysis indicated no significant interaction between the groups (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Threshold analysis revealed that the OR for PTB was 1.20 (95% CI: 1.03–1.39) in participants with aANXA5 levels ≥ 32.77 ng/mL, and the OR for PIH was 1.62 (95% CI: 1.15–2.28) in those with aANXA5 levels ≥ 33.20 ng/mL.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>AANXA5 is independently associated with an increased risk of PTB and PIH. The identified optimal predictive cutoff values are 32.77 ng/mL for PTB and 33.20 ng/mL for PIH.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aji.13936","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sadullah Özkan, Alperen Aksan, Dilara Kurt, Ahmet Kurt, Fahri B. Fıratlıgil, Serap Sucu, Sadun Sucu, Yıldız A. Reis, Burcu G. Öztürk, Ali T. Çağlar
Problem
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of inflammation indexes (systemic immune-inflammation index [SII], systemic inflammation response index [SIRI], pan-immune inflammation value [PIV], and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio [NLR]) in the diagnosis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP).
Method of Study
A retrospective study was conducted, reviewing medical records of patients diagnosed with ICP who delivered between October 1, 2022, and May 31, 2023, at the Perinatology clinic of Etlik City Hospital, Ankara. A control group of healthy pregnant women with uncomplicated pregnancies was also included. Demographic data, clinical characteristics, and laboratory results, including systemic inflammation indices and liver enzyme levels, were collected and analyzed.
Results
A total of 242 participants were included, with 121 ICP patients and 121 controls. White blood cell count, neutrophil count, and monocyte count showed significant differences between the two groups (p = 0.011, p = 0.004, and p = 0.039, respectively). Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were significantly elevated in the ICP group (p < 0.001 for both). SII and NLR were higher in the ICP group compared to controls (p = 0.032 and p = 0.010, respectively). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed moderate predictive values for SII (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.581, p = 0.030) and NLR (AUC = 0.598, p = 0.009), with no significant difference in their predictive power (p = 0.502).
Conclusions
Systemic inflammation indices such as SII and NLR offer a cost-effective and rapid means of diagnosing ICP, potentially complementing or surpassing traditional biomarkers like bile acid levels and liver function tests (LFTs). These indices can be easily integrated into routine clinical practice, providing timely intervention to improve maternal and fetal outcomes. Further research is warranted to confirm these findings and establish standardized protocols for their use in ICP management.
{"title":"Are Systemic Inflammation Markers Reliable for Diagnosing Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy? A Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"Sadullah Özkan, Alperen Aksan, Dilara Kurt, Ahmet Kurt, Fahri B. Fıratlıgil, Serap Sucu, Sadun Sucu, Yıldız A. Reis, Burcu G. Öztürk, Ali T. Çağlar","doi":"10.1111/aji.13937","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.13937","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Problem</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of inflammation indexes (systemic immune-inflammation index [SII], systemic inflammation response index [SIRI], pan-immune inflammation value [PIV], and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio [NLR]) in the diagnosis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method of Study</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective study was conducted, reviewing medical records of patients diagnosed with ICP who delivered between October 1, 2022, and May 31, 2023, at the Perinatology clinic of Etlik City Hospital, Ankara. A control group of healthy pregnant women with uncomplicated pregnancies was also included. Demographic data, clinical characteristics, and laboratory results, including systemic inflammation indices and liver enzyme levels, were collected and analyzed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 242 participants were included, with 121 ICP patients and 121 controls. White blood cell count, neutrophil count, and monocyte count showed significant differences between the two groups (<i>p</i> = 0.011, <i>p</i> = 0.004, and <i>p</i> = 0.039, respectively). Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were significantly elevated in the ICP group (<i>p</i> < 0.001 for both). SII and NLR were higher in the ICP group compared to controls (<i>p</i> = 0.032 and <i>p</i> = 0.010, respectively). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed moderate predictive values for SII (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.581, <i>p</i> = 0.030) and NLR (AUC = 0.598, <i>p</i> = 0.009), with no significant difference in their predictive power (<i>p</i> = 0.502).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Systemic inflammation indices such as SII and NLR offer a cost-effective and rapid means of diagnosing ICP, potentially complementing or surpassing traditional biomarkers like bile acid levels and liver function tests (LFTs). These indices can be easily integrated into routine clinical practice, providing timely intervention to improve maternal and fetal outcomes. Further research is warranted to confirm these findings and establish standardized protocols for their use in ICP management.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142379007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ying Wang, Fenyong Sun, Han Wu, Chaoyan Yue, Qiuhong Man
Purpose
Previous studies have identified associations between immune cell traits and endometriosis, but the causality of these relationships remains uncertain. In this study, we utilized Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal relationship between immune cell traits and endometriosis for the first time.
Methods
Seven hundred and thirty-one immune cell signatures associated with single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were extracted from a published genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 472 174 individuals, while endometriosis data, including four stages and seven subtypes, were obtained from the FinnGen consortium. Four methods were used for MR. The causal effect of immune cell traits on endometriosis was explored after Bonferroni correction.
Results
Significant causal relationship included 92 immune cell traits distributed among B cell (28 cells), cDC (2 cells), maturation stages of T cell (10 cells), monocyte (12 cells), Myeloid cell (5 cells), TBNK (13 cells), and Treg panels (22 cells). One of the most significant findings is that for every 1-standard deviation (SD) increase in CD8 on Central Memory CD8+ T cell, the risks of developing endometriosis of the fallopian tube increased by 72%. In the reverse MR analysis, a one-unit increase in the log odds of endometriosis of the ovary risk corresponded to a decrease in the absolute count of CD4+ CD8dim T cell by 0.10.
Conclusion
This study represents the first comprehensive evaluation of the causal effects of immune cell traits on the risk/protection of different stages/subtypes of endometriosis. The findings highlight the complex and significant role of immune-derived factors in the pathogenesis of the disease.
{"title":"Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Reveals Causal Effects of Immune Cell Traits on Endometriosis Risk","authors":"Ying Wang, Fenyong Sun, Han Wu, Chaoyan Yue, Qiuhong Man","doi":"10.1111/aji.13917","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.13917","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Previous studies have identified associations between immune cell traits and endometriosis, but the causality of these relationships remains uncertain. In this study, we utilized Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal relationship between immune cell traits and endometriosis for the first time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seven hundred and thirty-one immune cell signatures associated with single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were extracted from a published genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 472 174 individuals, while endometriosis data, including four stages and seven subtypes, were obtained from the FinnGen consortium. Four methods were used for MR. The causal effect of immune cell traits on endometriosis was explored after Bonferroni correction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Significant causal relationship included 92 immune cell traits distributed among B cell (28 cells), cDC (2 cells), maturation stages of T cell (10 cells), monocyte (12 cells), Myeloid cell (5 cells), TBNK (13 cells), and Treg panels (22 cells). One of the most significant findings is that for every 1-standard deviation (SD) increase in CD8 on Central Memory CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell, the risks of developing endometriosis of the fallopian tube increased by 72%. In the reverse MR analysis, a one-unit increase in the log odds of endometriosis of the ovary risk corresponded to a decrease in the absolute count of CD4<sup>+</sup> CD8<sup>dim</sup> T cell by 0.10.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study represents the first comprehensive evaluation of the causal effects of immune cell traits on the risk/protection of different stages/subtypes of endometriosis. The findings highlight the complex and significant role of immune-derived factors in the pathogenesis of the disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142370766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nándor Gábor Than, Roberto Romero, Wendy Fitzgerald, Dereje W. Gudicha, Nardhy Gomez-Lopez, Máté Posta, Fei Zhou, Gaurav Bhatti, Arun Meyyazhagan, Awoniyi O. Awonuga, Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa, Doreen Matthies, David R. Bryant, Offer Erez, Leonid Margolis, Adi L. Tarca
Problem
Preeclampsia is a heterogeneous syndrome of diverse etiologies and molecular pathways leading to distinct clinical subtypes. Herein, we aimed to characterize the extracellular vesicle (EV)-associated and soluble fractions of the maternal plasma proteome in patients with preeclampsia and to assess their value for disease prediction.
Method of Study
This case–control study included 24 women with term preeclampsia, 23 women with preterm preeclampsia, and 94 healthy pregnant controls. Blood samples were collected from cases on average 7 weeks before the diagnosis of preeclampsia and were matched to control samples. Soluble and EV fractions were separated from maternal plasma; EVs were confirmed by cryo-EM, NanoSight, and flow cytometry; and 82 proteins were analyzed with bead-based, multiplexed immunoassays. Quantile regression analysis and random forest models were implemented to evaluate protein concentration differences and their predictive accuracy. Preeclampsia subgroups defined by molecular profiles were identified by hierarchical cluster analysis. Significance was set at p < 0.05 or false discovery rate-adjusted q < 0.1.
Results
In preterm preeclampsia, PlGF, PTX3, and VEGFR-1 displayed differential abundance in both soluble and EV fractions, whereas angiogenin, CD40L, endoglin, galectin-1, IL-27, CCL19, and TIMP1 were changed only in the soluble fraction (q < 0.1). The direction of changes in the EV fraction was consistent with that in the soluble fraction for nine proteins. In term preeclampsia, CCL3 had increased abundance in both fractions (q < 0.1). The combined EV and soluble fraction proteomic profiles predicted preterm and term preeclampsia with an AUC of 78% (95% CI, 66%–90%) and 68% (95% CI, 56%–80%), respectively. Three clusters of preeclampsia featuring distinct clinical characteristics and placental pathology were identified based on combined protein data.
Conclusions
Our findings reveal distinct alterations of the maternal EV-associated and soluble plasma proteome in preterm and term preeclampsia and identify molecular subgroups of patients with distinct clinical and placental histopathologic features.
{"title":"Proteomic Profiles of Maternal Plasma Extracellular Vesicles for Prediction of Preeclampsia","authors":"Nándor Gábor Than, Roberto Romero, Wendy Fitzgerald, Dereje W. Gudicha, Nardhy Gomez-Lopez, Máté Posta, Fei Zhou, Gaurav Bhatti, Arun Meyyazhagan, Awoniyi O. Awonuga, Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa, Doreen Matthies, David R. Bryant, Offer Erez, Leonid Margolis, Adi L. Tarca","doi":"10.1111/aji.13928","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.13928","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Problem</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Preeclampsia is a heterogeneous syndrome of diverse etiologies and molecular pathways leading to distinct clinical subtypes. Herein, we aimed to characterize the extracellular vesicle (EV)-associated and soluble fractions of the maternal plasma proteome in patients with preeclampsia and to assess their value for disease prediction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method of Study</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This case–control study included 24 women with term preeclampsia, 23 women with preterm preeclampsia, and 94 healthy pregnant controls. Blood samples were collected from cases on average 7 weeks before the diagnosis of preeclampsia and were matched to control samples. Soluble and EV fractions were separated from maternal plasma; EVs were confirmed by cryo-EM, NanoSight, and flow cytometry; and 82 proteins were analyzed with bead-based, multiplexed immunoassays. Quantile regression analysis and random forest models were implemented to evaluate protein concentration differences and their predictive accuracy. Preeclampsia subgroups defined by molecular profiles were identified by hierarchical cluster analysis. Significance was set at <i>p</i> < 0.05 or false discovery rate-adjusted <i>q</i> < 0.1.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In preterm preeclampsia, PlGF, PTX3, and VEGFR-1 displayed differential abundance in both soluble and EV fractions, whereas angiogenin, CD40L, endoglin, galectin-1, IL-27, CCL19, and TIMP1 were changed only in the soluble fraction (<i>q</i> < 0.1). The direction of changes in the EV fraction was consistent with that in the soluble fraction for nine proteins. In term preeclampsia, CCL3 had increased abundance in both fractions (<i>q</i> < 0.1). The combined EV and soluble fraction proteomic profiles predicted preterm and term preeclampsia with an AUC of 78% (95% CI, 66%–90%) and 68% (95% CI, 56%–80%), respectively. Three clusters of preeclampsia featuring distinct clinical characteristics and placental pathology were identified based on combined protein data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings reveal distinct alterations of the maternal EV-associated and soluble plasma proteome in preterm and term preeclampsia and identify molecular subgroups of patients with distinct clinical and placental histopathologic features.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aji.13928","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Likely Connection Between Increased Production and Release of Prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2) by Human Granulosa Cells From Polycystic Ovaries and Pyroptosis","authors":"Caglar Berkel","doi":"10.1111/aji.13933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aji.13933","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142320921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To compare the clinical characteristics and pregnancy outcomes between patients with primary obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome (OAPS) and those with primary non-criteria obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome (NC-OAPS), and to identify the risk factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes in both groups.
Methods
A retrospective single-center study was performed in a university hospital of western China, including 141 patients with OAPS and 865 patients with NC-OAPS. The clinical characteristics, pregnancy complications, and obstetric outcomes of the cohorts were collected from the hospital system and were compared by univariable analysis, and the independent risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO) were investigated by logistic regression analysis in these two populations.
Results
The OAPS patients had a significantly higher risk for stillbirths compared to the NC-OAPS patients, while the NC-OAPS group had a significantly higher risk for preterm birth and overall APO. Double aPL positivity, triple aPL positivity, and gestational hypertension were the independent risk factors for APO in OAPS patients, whereas two of the double aPL positivity subtypes, triple aPL positivity and placenta previa were independent risk factors for APO in NC-OAPS patients.
Conclusion
This study identified different rates in different APOs among OAPS and NC-OAPS patients. Additionally, this study revealed different risk factors for the development of APO between the two populations. These findings indicated that OAPS and NC-OAPS are two distinct entities of the same disease, providing new insights into the individualized management for patients with OAPS and NC-OAPS.
问题 比较原发性产科抗磷脂综合征（OAPS）和原发性非标准产科抗磷脂综合征（NC-OAPS）患者的临床特征和妊娠结局，并确定两组患者不良妊娠结局的风险因素。 方法 在中国西部某大学附属医院进行了一项回顾性单中心研究，包括141例OAPS患者和865例NC-OAPS患者。研究人员从医院系统中收集了两组患者的临床特征、妊娠并发症和产科结局，并通过单变量分析对两组患者进行了比较，同时通过逻辑回归分析研究了两组患者不良妊娠结局（APO）的独立风险因素。 结果 与NC-OAPS患者相比，OAPS患者的死胎风险明显更高，而NC-OAPS组的早产和总体APO风险明显更高。双 aPL 阳性、三 aPL 阳性和妊娠高血压是 OAPS 患者发生 APO 的独立风险因素，而双 aPL 阳性亚型中的两个亚型、三 aPL 阳性和前置胎盘是 NC-OAPS 患者发生 APO 的独立风险因素。 结论 本研究发现 OAPS 和 NC-OAPS 患者的不同 APO 发生率不同。此外，本研究还揭示了这两种人群发生 APO 的不同风险因素。这些发现表明，OAPS 和 NC-OAPS 是同一种疾病的两个不同实体，为 OAPS 和 NC-OAPS 患者的个体化管理提供了新的见解。
{"title":"Clinical Features Between Primary Obstetric Antiphospholipid Syndrome and Non-Criteria Obstetric Antiphospholipid Syndrome and Risk Factors of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: A Retrospective Study of 1006 Cases","authors":"Huimin Liu, Jinbiao Han, Rui Gao, Zhengyan Hu, Yuanting Tang, Lang Qin","doi":"10.1111/aji.13931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aji.13931","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Problem</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To compare the clinical characteristics and pregnancy outcomes between patients with primary obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome (OAPS) and those with primary non-criteria obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome (NC-OAPS), and to identify the risk factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes in both groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective single-center study was performed in a university hospital of western China, including 141 patients with OAPS and 865 patients with NC-OAPS. The clinical characteristics, pregnancy complications, and obstetric outcomes of the cohorts were collected from the hospital system and were compared by univariable analysis, and the independent risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO) were investigated by logistic regression analysis in these two populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The OAPS patients had a significantly higher risk for stillbirths compared to the NC-OAPS patients, while the NC-OAPS group had a significantly higher risk for preterm birth and overall APO. Double aPL positivity, triple aPL positivity, and gestational hypertension were the independent risk factors for APO in OAPS patients, whereas two of the double aPL positivity subtypes, triple aPL positivity and placenta previa were independent risk factors for APO in NC-OAPS patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study identified different rates in different APOs among OAPS and NC-OAPS patients. Additionally, this study revealed different risk factors for the development of APO between the two populations. These findings indicated that OAPS and NC-OAPS are two distinct entities of the same disease, providing new insights into the individualized management for patients with OAPS and NC-OAPS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aji.13931","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142320917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Infertility has emerged as a significant global public health concern, with a multitude of complex underlying causes. Epidemiological evidence indicates that immunological factors are significant contributors to the aetiology of infertility. However, previous studies on the relationship between immune inflammation and infertility have yielded inconclusive results.
Methods
Mendelian randomisation (MR) is an emerging statistical method that employs exposure-related genetic variation as an instrumental variable (IV) to infer causal relationships between immune cells and infertility by modelling the principle of random assignment in Mendelian genetics. In this study, MR was employed to assess the causal relationship between 731 immune cell signatures and infertility. The data utilized in this study were obtained from publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and validated IVs, which were employed to fulfil the essential assumptions of MR analysis.
Results
The Mendelian randomisation analysis revealed a total of 27 statistically significant immune cell phenotypes out of 731. The risk factor with the largest odds ratio (OR) was CD28− CD25++ CD8+ %T cell [OR, 1.21; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04–1.42], while the protective factor with the largest OR was activated and resting Treg AC (OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.82–0.97).
Conclusion
The present study has demonstrated a correlation between certain characteristics of immune cells and female infertility. These results provide clues for further research into the immune mechanisms of infertility and may inform the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
{"title":"The Causal Relationship Between Immune Cells and Infertility: A Mendelian Randomisation Study","authors":"Dingchuan Peng, Wei Zhong, Yiran Wang, Yiyao Fu, Wei Shang","doi":"10.1111/aji.13932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aji.13932","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Infertility has emerged as a significant global public health concern, with a multitude of complex underlying causes. Epidemiological evidence indicates that immunological factors are significant contributors to the aetiology of infertility. However, previous studies on the relationship between immune inflammation and infertility have yielded inconclusive results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mendelian randomisation (MR) is an emerging statistical method that employs exposure-related genetic variation as an instrumental variable (IV) to infer causal relationships between immune cells and infertility by modelling the principle of random assignment in Mendelian genetics. In this study, MR was employed to assess the causal relationship between 731 immune cell signatures and infertility. The data utilized in this study were obtained from publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and validated IVs, which were employed to fulfil the essential assumptions of MR analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Mendelian randomisation analysis revealed a total of 27 statistically significant immune cell phenotypes out of 731. The risk factor with the largest odds ratio (OR) was CD28<sup>−</sup> CD25<sup>++</sup> CD8<sup>+</sup> %T cell [OR, 1.21; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04–1.42], while the protective factor with the largest OR was activated and resting Treg AC (OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.82–0.97).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study has demonstrated a correlation between certain characteristics of immune cells and female infertility. These results provide clues for further research into the immune mechanisms of infertility and may inform the development of novel therapeutic strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142320920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ondrej Soucek, Marian Kacerovsky, Ivana Kacerovska Musilova, Jaroslav Stranik, Rudolf Kukla, Radka Bolehovska, Helena Hornychova, Ctirad Andrys
Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the relative counts of different leukocyte subsets in peripheral and umbilical cord blood in pregnancies complicated by preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) with respect to the presence of intraamniotic inflammation (IAI) and fetal inflammatory response syndrome (FIRS).
Methods
Fifty-two women with singleton pregnancies complicated by PPROM were included in this study. From samples of peripheral and umbilical cord blood, relative counts of these leukocyte subpopulations were determined using multicolor flow cytometry: granulocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes, T cells and their subpopulations, B cells and their subpopulations, and NK cells and their subpopulations. IAI was defined as increased concentrations of interleukin 6 in the amniotic fluid. Amniotic fluid samples were obtained by transabdominal amniocentesis.
Results
Women with IAI had higher relative counts of monocytes (p = 0.04) in peripheral blood. There was an increased relative number of granulocytes (p = 0.003) and a decreased number of lymphocytes (p = 0.0048), helper CD4+ T cells (p = 0.019), NK cells (p = 0.0001) within leukocytes, NK cells within lymphocytes (p = 0.003) and CD16+ NK cells within NK cells (p = 0.005) in umbilical cord blood samples of women with FIRS. However, after adjusting the results for gestational age at sampling, all differences disappeared.
Conclusions
The presence of IAI or FIRS is not accompanied by significant changes in the relative counts of immune cells in peripheral blood or umbilical cord blood in pregnancies complicated by PPROM.
{"title":"Changes in Relative Counts of Different Leukocyte Subpopulations in Peripheral and Umbilical Cord Blood of Women With Preterm Prelabor Rupture of Membranes With Respect to Intraamniotic Inflammation and Fetal Inflammatory Response Syndrome","authors":"Ondrej Soucek, Marian Kacerovsky, Ivana Kacerovska Musilova, Jaroslav Stranik, Rudolf Kukla, Radka Bolehovska, Helena Hornychova, Ctirad Andrys","doi":"10.1111/aji.13926","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.13926","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the relative counts of different leukocyte subsets in peripheral and umbilical cord blood in pregnancies complicated by preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) with respect to the presence of intraamniotic inflammation (IAI) and fetal inflammatory response syndrome (FIRS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty-two women with singleton pregnancies complicated by PPROM were included in this study. From samples of peripheral and umbilical cord blood, relative counts of these leukocyte subpopulations were determined using multicolor flow cytometry: granulocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes, T cells and their subpopulations, B cells and their subpopulations, and NK cells and their subpopulations. IAI was defined as increased concentrations of interleukin 6 in the amniotic fluid. Amniotic fluid samples were obtained by transabdominal amniocentesis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Women with IAI had higher relative counts of monocytes (<i>p</i> = 0.04) in peripheral blood. There was an increased relative number of granulocytes (<i>p</i> = 0.003) and a decreased number of lymphocytes (<i>p</i> = 0.0048), helper CD4+ T cells (<i>p</i> = 0.019), NK cells (<i>p</i> = 0.0001) within leukocytes, NK cells within lymphocytes (<i>p</i> = 0.003) and CD16+ NK cells within NK cells (<i>p</i> = 0.005) in umbilical cord blood samples of women with FIRS. However, after adjusting the results for gestational age at sampling, all differences disappeared.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The presence of IAI or FIRS is not accompanied by significant changes in the relative counts of immune cells in peripheral blood or umbilical cord blood in pregnancies complicated by PPROM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142255412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chronic endometritis (CE) is a frequent pathological condition that is defined as localized inflammation in the endometrium. Some adverse fertility consequences such as recurrent miscarriage and failure of implantation are associated with chronic endometritis. On the one hand, inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of endometritis, and on the other hand, the role of viral infections in inducing inflammation can make this review strongly attractive and practical. We set out to provide an overview of viral infections as a potential etiology of CE pathophysiology through the alteration of an endometrial microenvironment and its association with infertility. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review to demonstrate the role of viral infection in chronic endometritis, and whether or not infection ultimately plays a role..
慢性子宫内膜炎（CE）是一种常见的病理状态，被定义为子宫内膜的局部炎症。慢性子宫内膜炎会导致一些不良生育后果，如反复流产和植入失败。一方面，炎症在子宫内膜炎的发病机制中起着重要作用，另一方面，病毒感染在诱发炎症中的作用也使这一综述具有很强的吸引力和实用性。我们旨在通过子宫内膜微环境的改变及其与不孕症的关联，概述病毒感染作为 CE 病理生理学的潜在病因。据我们所知，这是第一篇综述性文章，论证了病毒感染在慢性子宫内膜炎中的作用，以及感染最终是否起作用。
{"title":"Viral Infection in Endometritis: Is There an Important Role or Not?","authors":"Hatav Ghasemi Tehrani, Marzieh Rezaei, Ferdous Mehrabian, Elham Naghshineh, Mohsen Moghoofei","doi":"10.1111/aji.13930","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.13930","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic endometritis (CE) is a frequent pathological condition that is defined as localized inflammation in the endometrium. Some adverse fertility consequences such as recurrent miscarriage and failure of implantation are associated with chronic endometritis. On the one hand, inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of endometritis, and on the other hand, the role of viral infections in inducing inflammation can make this review strongly attractive and practical. We set out to provide an overview of viral infections as a potential etiology of CE pathophysiology through the alteration of an endometrial microenvironment and its association with infertility. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review to demonstrate the role of viral infection in chronic endometritis, and whether or not infection ultimately plays a role..</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142255414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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