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Thermochemistry of the Dissolution of Copper Tetra-3-carboxyphtalocyanine in Aqueous Solutions of KOH at 298.15 K 298.15 K 时四-3-羧基酞菁铜在 KOH 水溶液中的溶解热化学过程
IF 0.7 4区 化学 Q4 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1134/S0036024424701371
P. D. Krutov, V. E. Maizlish, O. N. Krutova, V. V. Chernikov, M. I. Bazanov, E. E. Kiptikova

A complex of tetra-3-carboxyphthalocyanine with copper that is insoluble in water is obtained. Thermal effects from dissolving crystalline tetra-3-carboxymetalphthalocyanine in aqueous solutions of various KOH concentrations (from 0.002 to 0.02 mol/L) at 298.15 K are determined via direct calorimetry. Measurements are made in a calorimeter using an isothermal shell with automatic recording of the temperature and electrical calibration at T = (293.15–308.15) ± 0.01 K and P = 100.5 ± 0.7 kPa. Standard enthalpies of formation of the products of dissociation of the tetra-3-carboxyphthalocyanine complex with copper in aqueous solution are calculated. Thermal effects of stepwise dissociation are calculated using the HEAT computer program.

摘要 获得了四-3-羧基酞菁与铜的不溶于水的络合物。在 298.15 K 的不同 KOH 浓度(从 0.002 到 0.02 mol/L)的水溶液中溶解结晶四-3-羧基金属酞菁所产生的热效应是通过直接量热法测定的。测量是在热量计中进行的,热量计使用等温壳,自动记录温度,并在 T = (293.15-308.15) ± 0.01 K 和 P = 100.5 ± 0.7 kPa 时进行电气校准。计算了四-3-羧基酞菁络合物与铜在水溶液中解离产物的标准形成焓。使用 HEAT 计算机程序计算了逐步解离的热效应。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation into the Preparation and Adsorption Capacity of Nanopolymer Particles Utilizing 4,4'-Biphenyldicarboxaldehyde 利用 4,4'-联苯二甲醛制备纳米聚合物颗粒及其吸附能力的研究
IF 0.7 4区 化学 Q4 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1134/S0036024424701474
Yayuan Zheng,  Qibang Tong

Nanometer polymer microspheres have unique physical and chemical properties that make them valuable functional materials for various applications, such as photonic crystal engineering, wastewater treatment, catalysis, environmental protection, sensor technology, drug delivery systems, and smart biomimetic materials. These versatile microspheres have great potential for further development. With the development of novel polymerization techniques, different types of nanometer polymer microspheres have been synthesized and more and more attention has been paid to their potential applications. In this study, nanometer polymer microspheres containing biphenyl formaldehyde were synthesized by Schiff base reaction. We used Tri(4-aminophenyl)amine and 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxaldehyde as reactants, a mixture of 1 : 4 DMF and ethanol as solvent, glacial acetic acid as catalyst, and reflux heating to obtain nanometer-polymer microspheres. We also evaluated the adsorption performance of these microspheres using methyl orange as a simulated pollutant. We conducted a single factor experiment to investigate the effects of different ratios, dosages, times, and temperatures on adsorption efficiency. We characterized the nanometer-polymer microspheres by XRD, IR, and SEM techniques to examine their size, morphology, and structure. Experimental results showed that the optimal ratio for nanometer-polymer microspheres was 1 : 2, with an optimal dose of 25 mg. The optimal adsorption conditions were a temperature of 30°C and a time of 60 min. Since the pH of the solution ranged from 3 to 8, the zeta potentials of microspheres had a negative value. Meanwhile, zeta potentials became more negative as pH increased. The adsorption equilibrium data fit well with the Freundlich model. The microspheres had a stable and uniform rigid structure and good regeneration performance, with regeneration efficiency higher than 80% after five adsorption-desorption cycles.

摘要 纳米聚合物微球具有独特的物理和化学特性,使其成为光子晶体工程、废水处理、催化、环境保护、传感技术、药物输送系统和智能仿生材料等各种应用领域的宝贵功能材料。这些多功能微球具有进一步开发的巨大潜力。随着新型聚合技术的发展,人们合成了不同类型的纳米聚合物微球,其潜在应用也越来越受到关注。本研究通过希夫碱反应合成了含有联苯甲醛的纳米聚合物微球。我们以三(4-氨基苯基)胺和 4,4'-联苯二甲醛为反应物,以 1 : 4 DMF 和乙醇的混合物为溶剂,以冰醋酸为催化剂,通过回流加热得到纳米聚合物微球。我们还以甲基橙为模拟污染物评估了这些微球的吸附性能。我们进行了单因素实验,研究了不同比例、剂量、时间和温度对吸附效率的影响。我们利用 XRD、IR 和 SEM 技术对纳米聚合物微球的尺寸、形态和结构进行了表征。实验结果表明,纳米聚合物微球的最佳比例为 1:2,最佳剂量为 25 毫克。最佳吸附条件是温度为 30°C,时间为 60 分钟。由于溶液的 pH 值在 3 到 8 之间,微球的 zeta 电位为负值。同时,随着 pH 值的升高,zeta 电位变得更负。吸附平衡数据非常符合 Freundlich 模型。微球具有稳定、均匀的刚性结构和良好的再生性能,经过五次吸附-解吸循环后,再生效率高于 80%。
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引用次数: 0
Loading Properties of Capillary Porous-Layer Columns of Different Diameters with a Silica Gel Sorbent 不同直径的毛细管多孔层柱与硅胶吸附剂的负载特性
IF 0.7 4区 化学 Q4 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1134/S0036024424701504
Yu. V. Patrushev, Zh. Kh. Khamidov

The effect of the diameter of a capillary porous-layer column with a silica gel sorbent on the loading properties was studied. Three columns with diameters of 0.25, 0.32, and 0.53 mm with a regularly porous silica gel sorbent were prepared. The loading capacity of the column with a regularly porous sorbent with a diameter of 0.32 mm was 7.3 times higher than for a commercial GS-GasPro column of the same diameter. The influence of the amount of the injected sample on the resolution of chromatographic peaks was shown using the separation of C4 aliphatic hydrocarbons as an example.

摘要 研究了带有硅胶吸附剂的毛细管多孔层析柱的直径对装载特性的影响。制备了三种直径分别为 0.25、0.32 和 0.53 毫米的毛细管多孔层析柱,其中硅胶吸附剂的直径为 0.25、0.32 和 0.53 毫米。使用直径为 0.32 毫米的规则多孔吸附剂的色谱柱的装载能力是相同直径的商用 GS-GasPro 色谱柱的 7.3 倍。以分离 C4 脂肪烃为例,说明了进样量对色谱峰分辨率的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Characterization and Electrochemical Properties of Carbon Decorated Li3V2(PO4)3 Prepared by Citric Acid Assisted Gel and Heat Treating 柠檬酸辅助凝胶和热处理制备的碳装饰 Li3V2(PO4)3 的表征和电化学性质
IF 0.7 4区 化学 Q4 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1134/S003602442470153X
Jiakun Luo, Shihao Peng, Jingfeng Guo, Fang Xie, Zhaogang Zhang, Wenwen Liu

Li3V2(PO4)3 (LVP) is a prospective cathode material meeting the uninterrupted requirements due to the high theoretical capacity and operating voltage. Nevertheless, the electrochemical capability of pristine LVP is severely restricted under a high operating voltage. Herein, carbon decorated LVP was prepared through the process of citric acid assisted gel and subsequent heat treating. The crystalline phase, morphology, microstructure, and composition of obtained materials were examined using different methods. Transmission electron microscopy result exhibits that the crystalline LVP surface is coated with an amorphous carbon layer of about 3–5 nm thickness, and the LVP particles are connected by carbon. The electrochemical capability of LVP cathode at a cut-off voltage of 4.8 V was determined. The results exhibit the discharge capacity of carbon decorated LVP at 1 C decreases slowly from the initial 132.0 to 104.1 mA h g–1 after 200 cycles. Correspondingly, the carbon decorated LVP delivers 78.9% capacity retention, which is much larger than that of pristine LVP (46.6%), suggesting the enhanced stability. In addition, the rate and Coulombic efficiency of carbon decorated LVP are also obviously enhanced compared to the pristine LVP. The work verifies a simple modification method to ameliorate the inherent drawbacks and electrochemical properties of LVP at high voltage.

摘要Li3V2(PO4)3(LVP)是一种前景广阔的阴极材料,其理论容量和工作电压都很高,可满足不间断的要求。然而,原始 LVP 在高工作电压下的电化学能力受到严重限制。本文通过柠檬酸辅助凝胶和后续热处理工艺制备了碳装饰 LVP。采用不同的方法对所得材料的晶相、形貌、微观结构和成分进行了检测。透射电子显微镜结果表明,结晶 LVP 表面包覆有厚度约为 3-5 nm 的无定形碳层,LVP 颗粒之间由碳连接。测定了 LVP 阴极在 4.8 V 截止电压下的电化学能力。结果表明,碳装饰 LVP 在 1 C 下的放电容量从最初的 132.0 mA h g-1 缓慢下降到 200 次循环后的 104.1 mA h g-1。相应地,碳装饰 LVP 的容量保持率为 78.9%,远高于原始 LVP 的 46.6%,这表明其稳定性得到了增强。此外,与原始 LVP 相比,碳装饰 LVP 的速率和库仑效率也明显提高。这项研究验证了一种简单的改性方法,可改善 LVP 在高压下的固有缺点和电化学特性。
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引用次数: 0
Conductometric Properties and UV–Vis Spectroscopic Study of L-Glutamic Acid in Aqueous Solutions of L-Arabinose and D-Xylose in the Temperature Range of 293.15–313.15 K at Atmospheric Pressure 常压下 293.15-313.15 K 温度范围内 L-阿拉伯糖和 D-木糖水溶液中 L-谷氨酸的电导率特性和紫外可见光谱研究
IF 0.7 4区 化学 Q4 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1134/S0036024424701425
Rupesh Kumar Pradhan,  Sulochana Singh

In this work, the electrical conductance approach is used to investigate the molecular interactions between nonessential amino acid (L-glutamic acid) and carbohydrates (L-arabinose/D-xylose) at various temperatures. Many characteristics, including limiting molar conductance (({{Lambda }}_{{text{m}}}^{0})), Walden product (({{Lambda }}_{{text{m}}}^{0}{{eta }_{0}})), activation energy (({{E}_{{text{A}}}})), and thermodynamic parameters, were obtained for the binary and ternary solutions of L-glutamic acid (Glu) from the electrical conductance ((hat {k})) measurement. The acquired thermodynamic quantities were interpreted in terms of the systems’ physicochemical interactions. The behavior of small biomolecules (amino acid) and saccharides in solute-solvent interactions is shown by the influence of numerous parameters, including concentration, temperature, and the position of axial and equatorial –OH groups of the saccharides, on these quantities. Hydrophilic-hydrophilic or ion-hydrophilic interactions predominate in the systems that are being studied is supported by the UV–Vis spectroscopy investigations’ absorption values.

摘要 本文采用电导法研究了非必需氨基酸(L-谷氨酸)和碳水化合物(L-阿拉伯糖/D-木糖)在不同温度下的分子相互作用。许多特性,包括极限摩尔电导(({{Lambda }}_{{text{m}}}^{0}) )、沃尔登积(({{Lambda }}_{{text{m}}}^{0}{{eta }_{0}})、活化能(({{E}_{text/{A}}}}))、和热力学参数,是通过电导((hat {k}))测量得到的。所获得的热力学量是根据系统的物理化学相互作用来解释的。小生物大分子(氨基酸)和糖类在溶质-溶剂相互作用中的行为是通过许多参数的影响来显示的,包括浓度、温度、糖类的轴向和赤道 -OH 基团的位置对这些量的影响。亲水-亲水或离子-亲水相互作用在所研究的体系中占主导地位,紫外-可见光谱研究的吸收值也证明了这一点。
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引用次数: 0
Statistical Thermodynamic Analysis of the Effect of Chemical Composition on Changes in the Melting Temperatures of Alkali Metal Halides 化学成分对碱金属卤化物熔化温度变化影响的统计热力学分析
IF 0.7 4区 化学 Q4 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1134/S0036024424701322
A. G. Davydov

An interpretation is proposed for the dependence of the melting temperatures of an entire subclass of alkali metal halides on the chemical composition, based on an analysis of changes in different contributions to the internal energy of salts in the molten and crystalline phases with variation in the sum of the radii of their cations and anions. The expression for calculating the energy of liquid salt melts includes the contribution from charge–dipole interactions between ions, which is considered in a work based on thermodynamic perturbation theory with a basis in the form of a model of charged hard spheres. The Born–Mayer formula is used for the energy of the crystalline phase in the electrostatic part, while Debye’s formula is employed to consider the contribution from vibrations. An explanation is given for the lower values of the reduced melting temperatures of lithium and sodium halides, relative to other salts. It is shown that deviations of the reduced melting temperatures of lithium and sodium halides depending on the sum of ionic radii can be explained by Coulomb and translational contributions to the energy in the molten state, along with Madelung and Born contributions in the crystalline phase.

摘要 根据对盐在熔融和结晶相中内能的不同贡献随其阳离子和阴离子半径之和的变化而变化的分析,提出了碱金属卤化物整个亚类的熔化温度与化学成分的关系。计算液态盐熔体能量的表达式包括离子间电荷-偶极子相互作用的贡献,这项工作以热力学扰动理论为基础,以带电硬球模型为依据。静电部分的结晶相能量采用了 Born-Mayer 公式,而振动部分的能量则采用了 Debye 公式。对卤化锂和卤化钠的还原熔化温度值低于其他盐类的原因做出了解释。研究表明,卤化锂和卤化钠的还原熔化温度偏差取决于离子半径之和,这可以用熔融状态下库仑和平移对能量的贡献,以及结晶相中马德龙和玻恩对能量的贡献来解释。
{"title":"Statistical Thermodynamic Analysis of the Effect of Chemical Composition on Changes in the Melting Temperatures of Alkali Metal Halides","authors":"A. G. Davydov","doi":"10.1134/S0036024424701322","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036024424701322","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An interpretation is proposed for the dependence of the melting temperatures of an entire subclass of alkali metal halides on the chemical composition, based on an analysis of changes in different contributions to the internal energy of salts in the molten and crystalline phases with variation in the sum of the radii of their cations and anions. The expression for calculating the energy of liquid salt melts includes the contribution from charge–dipole interactions between ions, which is considered in a work based on thermodynamic perturbation theory with a basis in the form of a model of charged hard spheres. The Born–Mayer formula is used for the energy of the crystalline phase in the electrostatic part, while Debye’s formula is employed to consider the contribution from vibrations. An explanation is given for the lower values of the reduced melting temperatures of lithium and sodium halides, relative to other salts. It is shown that deviations of the reduced melting temperatures of lithium and sodium halides depending on the sum of ionic radii can be explained by Coulomb and translational contributions to the energy in the molten state, along with Madelung and Born contributions in the crystalline phase.</p>","PeriodicalId":767,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Relationship between Coefficients of Activity and Dielectric Constants in Aqueous Solutions of Alkali Metal Fluorides 碱金属氟化物水溶液中活性系数与介电常数之间的关系
IF 0.7 4区 化学 Q4 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1134/S0036024424701383
I. Yu. Shilov, A. K. Lyashchenko

Coefficients of activity of alkali metal fluorides at 298 K in aqueous solutions are calculated according to the generalized Debye–Hückel theory using experimental values of the static dielectric constant of solutions. It is shown that calculations without optimized model parameters reproduce the nonmonotonic concentration dependence of the coefficients of activity. The dependence of the coefficients of activity on the radius of a cation is explained by the weakening of ionic association as the radius grows.

摘要根据广义德拜-胡克尔理论,利用溶液静介电常数的实验值,计算了 298 K 时碱金属氟化物在水溶液中的活度系数。结果表明,没有优化模型参数的计算再现了活性系数的非单调浓度依赖性。活度系数与阳离子半径的关系可以用离子结合力随半径增大而减弱来解释。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Support Structure on the Activity of Cr-Containing Catalysts in Propane Dehydrogenation Involving CO2 支撑结构对含铬催化剂在涉及二氧化碳的丙烷脱氢过程中活性的影响
IF 0.7 4区 化学 Q4 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1134/S0036024424701358
M. A. Tedeeva, M. Yu. Mashkin, E. M. Kuprikova, P. V. Pribytkov, K. B. Kalmykov, A. V. Leonov, N. A. Davshan, S. F. Dunaev, A. L. Kustov

A series of chromium oxide catalysts supported on SiO2 with 5 wt % chromium were synthesized and studied. Silica gel was synthesized by a procedure using the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide template and hydrocarbons capable of solubilization in CTMABr micelles, namely, hexane, cyclohexane, and toluene as “extenders.” The resulting series of supports and catalysts were characterized by physicochemical methods: low-temperature adsorption of N2, XRD, SEM–EDX, and UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The highest catalytic activity in propane dehydrogenation in the presence of CO2 was exhibited by the 5Cr/SiO2–hexane sample, whose surface contains Cr(III) coexisting with Cr(VI). At 750°C propane conversion was 59.8%; propylene selectivity, 56.2%.

摘要 合成并研究了一系列以含 5 wt % 铬的 SiO2 为载体的氧化铬催化剂。采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵模板和能够溶解于 CTMABr 胶束的碳氢化合物(即己烷、环己烷和甲苯)作为 "扩展剂 "的方法合成了硅胶。通过理化方法:N2 的低温吸附、XRD、SEM-EDX 和 UV-Vis 漫反射光谱,对由此产生的一系列支撑物和催化剂进行了表征。5Cr/SiO2-hexane 样品在二氧化碳存在下的丙烷脱氢过程中表现出最高的催化活性,其表面含有与六价铬共存的三价铬。在 750°C 时,丙烷转化率为 59.8%;丙烯选择性为 56.2%。
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引用次数: 0
Thermodynamic Functions of the Betamethasone Valerate Hormone 戊酸倍他米松激素的热力学函数
IF 0.7 4区 化学 Q4 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.1134/S0036024424700985
A. V. Knyazev, N. N. Smirnova, O. V. Stepanova, S. S. Knyazeva, A. S. Shipilova, S. V. Chuprova

The temperature dependence of the heat capacity of betamethasone valerate in the range from 5.5 to 346 K was measured for the first time by precise vacuum adiabatic calorimetry. The thermodynamic functions of betamethasone valerate, namely, heat capacity, enthalpy H°(T) – H°(0), entropy S°(T) – S°(0), and Gibbs function G°(T) – H°(0) were determined for the temperature range from T → 0 to 350 K based on the experimental data. The thermal expansion coefficients were determined by low temperature powder X-ray diffractometry.

摘要 通过精确的真空绝热量热法,首次测定了戊酸倍他米松在 5.5 至 346 K 范围内的热容量随温度的变化。根据实验数据确定了戊酸倍他米松在 T → 0 至 350 K 温度范围内的热力学函数,即热容量、焓 H°(T) - H°(0)、熵 S°(T) - S°(0)和吉布斯函数 G°(T) - H°(0)。热膨胀系数是通过低温粉末 X 射线衍射仪测定的。
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引用次数: 0
Mass Spectrometric Study of Evaporation of Hydroxyapatite at Temperatures up to 2200 K 温度高达 2200 K 时羟基磷灰石蒸发的质谱研究
IF 0.7 4区 化学 Q4 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.1134/S0036024424701085
S. I. Lopatin, A. A. Selyutin, V. L. Stolyarova

The composition of the gas phase was identified for the first time up to a temperature of 2200 K by the Knudsen effusion mass spectrometric method, and the partial pressures of the vapor species during the evaporation of hydroxyapatite were determined. Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 was evaporated from a Knudsen effusion cell made of tungsten. In the temperature range 1200–1300 K, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 undergoes dehydration, forming Ca3P2O8, which evaporates in the form of PO, atomic calcium, and oxygen when the temperature further increases to 1750–2200 K.

摘要 利用克努森渗流质谱法首次鉴定了温度高达 2200 K 的气相组成,并测定了羟基磷灰石蒸发过程中气态物质的分压。Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2是从钨制成的克努森渗流池中蒸发出来的。在 1200-1300 K 的温度范围内,Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 发生脱水,形成 Ca3P2O8,当温度进一步升高到 1750-2200 K 时,Ca3P2O8 以 PO、原子钙和氧的形式蒸发。
{"title":"Mass Spectrometric Study of Evaporation of Hydroxyapatite at Temperatures up to 2200 K","authors":"S. I. Lopatin,&nbsp;A. A. Selyutin,&nbsp;V. L. Stolyarova","doi":"10.1134/S0036024424701085","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036024424701085","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The composition of the gas phase was identified for the first time up to a temperature of 2200 K by the Knudsen effusion mass spectrometric method, and the partial pressures of the vapor species during the evaporation of hydroxyapatite were determined. Ca<sub>10</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>6</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub> was evaporated from a Knudsen effusion cell made of tungsten. In the temperature range 1200–1300 K, Ca<sub>10</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>6</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub> undergoes dehydration, forming Ca<sub>3</sub>P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub>, which evaporates in the form of PO, atomic calcium, and oxygen when the temperature further increases to 1750–2200 K.</p>","PeriodicalId":767,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A
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