Pub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.1134/S0036024424701371
P. D. Krutov, V. E. Maizlish, O. N. Krutova, V. V. Chernikov, M. I. Bazanov, E. E. Kiptikova
A complex of tetra-3-carboxyphthalocyanine with copper that is insoluble in water is obtained. Thermal effects from dissolving crystalline tetra-3-carboxymetalphthalocyanine in aqueous solutions of various KOH concentrations (from 0.002 to 0.02 mol/L) at 298.15 K are determined via direct calorimetry. Measurements are made in a calorimeter using an isothermal shell with automatic recording of the temperature and electrical calibration at T = (293.15–308.15) ± 0.01 K and P = 100.5 ± 0.7 kPa. Standard enthalpies of formation of the products of dissociation of the tetra-3-carboxyphthalocyanine complex with copper in aqueous solution are calculated. Thermal effects of stepwise dissociation are calculated using the HEAT computer program.
摘要 获得了四-3-羧基酞菁与铜的不溶于水的络合物。在 298.15 K 的不同 KOH 浓度(从 0.002 到 0.02 mol/L)的水溶液中溶解结晶四-3-羧基金属酞菁所产生的热效应是通过直接量热法测定的。测量是在热量计中进行的,热量计使用等温壳,自动记录温度,并在 T = (293.15-308.15) ± 0.01 K 和 P = 100.5 ± 0.7 kPa 时进行电气校准。计算了四-3-羧基酞菁络合物与铜在水溶液中解离产物的标准形成焓。使用 HEAT 计算机程序计算了逐步解离的热效应。
{"title":"Thermochemistry of the Dissolution of Copper Tetra-3-carboxyphtalocyanine in Aqueous Solutions of KOH at 298.15 K","authors":"P. D. Krutov, V. E. Maizlish, O. N. Krutova, V. V. Chernikov, M. I. Bazanov, E. E. Kiptikova","doi":"10.1134/S0036024424701371","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036024424701371","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A complex of tetra-3-carboxyphthalocyanine with copper that is insoluble in water is obtained. Thermal effects from dissolving crystalline tetra-3-carboxymetalphthalocyanine in aqueous solutions of various KOH concentrations (from 0.002 to 0.02 mol/L) at 298.15 K are determined via direct calorimetry. Measurements are made in a calorimeter using an isothermal shell with automatic recording of the temperature and electrical calibration at <i>T</i> = (293.15–308.15) ± 0.01 K and <i>P</i> = 100.5 ± 0.7 kPa. Standard enthalpies of formation of the products of dissociation of the tetra-3-carboxyphthalocyanine complex with copper in aqueous solution are calculated. Thermal effects of stepwise dissociation are calculated using the HEAT computer program.</p>","PeriodicalId":767,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.1134/S0036024424701474
Yayuan Zheng, Qibang Tong
Nanometer polymer microspheres have unique physical and chemical properties that make them valuable functional materials for various applications, such as photonic crystal engineering, wastewater treatment, catalysis, environmental protection, sensor technology, drug delivery systems, and smart biomimetic materials. These versatile microspheres have great potential for further development. With the development of novel polymerization techniques, different types of nanometer polymer microspheres have been synthesized and more and more attention has been paid to their potential applications. In this study, nanometer polymer microspheres containing biphenyl formaldehyde were synthesized by Schiff base reaction. We used Tri(4-aminophenyl)amine and 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxaldehyde as reactants, a mixture of 1 : 4 DMF and ethanol as solvent, glacial acetic acid as catalyst, and reflux heating to obtain nanometer-polymer microspheres. We also evaluated the adsorption performance of these microspheres using methyl orange as a simulated pollutant. We conducted a single factor experiment to investigate the effects of different ratios, dosages, times, and temperatures on adsorption efficiency. We characterized the nanometer-polymer microspheres by XRD, IR, and SEM techniques to examine their size, morphology, and structure. Experimental results showed that the optimal ratio for nanometer-polymer microspheres was 1 : 2, with an optimal dose of 25 mg. The optimal adsorption conditions were a temperature of 30°C and a time of 60 min. Since the pH of the solution ranged from 3 to 8, the zeta potentials of microspheres had a negative value. Meanwhile, zeta potentials became more negative as pH increased. The adsorption equilibrium data fit well with the Freundlich model. The microspheres had a stable and uniform rigid structure and good regeneration performance, with regeneration efficiency higher than 80% after five adsorption-desorption cycles.
{"title":"Investigation into the Preparation and Adsorption Capacity of Nanopolymer Particles Utilizing 4,4'-Biphenyldicarboxaldehyde","authors":"Yayuan Zheng, Qibang Tong","doi":"10.1134/S0036024424701474","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036024424701474","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nanometer polymer microspheres have unique physical and chemical properties that make them valuable functional materials for various applications, such as photonic crystal engineering, wastewater treatment, catalysis, environmental protection, sensor technology, drug delivery systems, and smart biomimetic materials. These versatile microspheres have great potential for further development. With the development of novel polymerization techniques, different types of nanometer polymer microspheres have been synthesized and more and more attention has been paid to their potential applications. In this study, nanometer polymer microspheres containing biphenyl formaldehyde were synthesized by Schiff base reaction. We used Tri(4-aminophenyl)amine and 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxaldehyde as reactants, a mixture of 1 : 4 DMF and ethanol as solvent, glacial acetic acid as catalyst, and reflux heating to obtain nanometer-polymer microspheres. We also evaluated the adsorption performance of these microspheres using methyl orange as a simulated pollutant. We conducted a single factor experiment to investigate the effects of different ratios, dosages, times, and temperatures on adsorption efficiency. We characterized the nanometer-polymer microspheres by XRD, IR, and SEM techniques to examine their size, morphology, and structure. Experimental results showed that the optimal ratio for nanometer-polymer microspheres was 1 : 2, with an optimal dose of 25 mg. The optimal adsorption conditions were a temperature of 30°C and a time of 60 min. Since the pH of the solution ranged from 3 to 8, the zeta potentials of microspheres had a negative value. Meanwhile, zeta potentials became more negative as pH increased. The adsorption equilibrium data fit well with the Freundlich model. The microspheres had a stable and uniform rigid structure and good regeneration performance, with regeneration efficiency higher than 80% after five adsorption-desorption cycles.</p>","PeriodicalId":767,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.1134/S0036024424701504
Yu. V. Patrushev, Zh. Kh. Khamidov
The effect of the diameter of a capillary porous-layer column with a silica gel sorbent on the loading properties was studied. Three columns with diameters of 0.25, 0.32, and 0.53 mm with a regularly porous silica gel sorbent were prepared. The loading capacity of the column with a regularly porous sorbent with a diameter of 0.32 mm was 7.3 times higher than for a commercial GS-GasPro column of the same diameter. The influence of the amount of the injected sample on the resolution of chromatographic peaks was shown using the separation of C4 aliphatic hydrocarbons as an example.
{"title":"Loading Properties of Capillary Porous-Layer Columns of Different Diameters with a Silica Gel Sorbent","authors":"Yu. V. Patrushev, Zh. Kh. Khamidov","doi":"10.1134/S0036024424701504","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036024424701504","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effect of the diameter of a capillary porous-layer column with a silica gel sorbent on the loading properties was studied. Three columns with diameters of 0.25, 0.32, and 0.53 mm with a regularly porous silica gel sorbent were prepared. The loading capacity of the column with a regularly porous sorbent with a diameter of 0.32 mm was 7.3 times higher than for a commercial GS-GasPro column of the same diameter. The influence of the amount of the injected sample on the resolution of chromatographic peaks was shown using the separation of C<sub>4</sub> aliphatic hydrocarbons as an example.</p>","PeriodicalId":767,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Li3V2(PO4)3 (LVP) is a prospective cathode material meeting the uninterrupted requirements due to the high theoretical capacity and operating voltage. Nevertheless, the electrochemical capability of pristine LVP is severely restricted under a high operating voltage. Herein, carbon decorated LVP was prepared through the process of citric acid assisted gel and subsequent heat treating. The crystalline phase, morphology, microstructure, and composition of obtained materials were examined using different methods. Transmission electron microscopy result exhibits that the crystalline LVP surface is coated with an amorphous carbon layer of about 3–5 nm thickness, and the LVP particles are connected by carbon. The electrochemical capability of LVP cathode at a cut-off voltage of 4.8 V was determined. The results exhibit the discharge capacity of carbon decorated LVP at 1 C decreases slowly from the initial 132.0 to 104.1 mA h g–1 after 200 cycles. Correspondingly, the carbon decorated LVP delivers 78.9% capacity retention, which is much larger than that of pristine LVP (46.6%), suggesting the enhanced stability. In addition, the rate and Coulombic efficiency of carbon decorated LVP are also obviously enhanced compared to the pristine LVP. The work verifies a simple modification method to ameliorate the inherent drawbacks and electrochemical properties of LVP at high voltage.
摘要Li3V2(PO4)3(LVP)是一种前景广阔的阴极材料,其理论容量和工作电压都很高,可满足不间断的要求。然而,原始 LVP 在高工作电压下的电化学能力受到严重限制。本文通过柠檬酸辅助凝胶和后续热处理工艺制备了碳装饰 LVP。采用不同的方法对所得材料的晶相、形貌、微观结构和成分进行了检测。透射电子显微镜结果表明,结晶 LVP 表面包覆有厚度约为 3-5 nm 的无定形碳层,LVP 颗粒之间由碳连接。测定了 LVP 阴极在 4.8 V 截止电压下的电化学能力。结果表明,碳装饰 LVP 在 1 C 下的放电容量从最初的 132.0 mA h g-1 缓慢下降到 200 次循环后的 104.1 mA h g-1。相应地,碳装饰 LVP 的容量保持率为 78.9%,远高于原始 LVP 的 46.6%,这表明其稳定性得到了增强。此外,与原始 LVP 相比,碳装饰 LVP 的速率和库仑效率也明显提高。这项研究验证了一种简单的改性方法,可改善 LVP 在高压下的固有缺点和电化学特性。
{"title":"Characterization and Electrochemical Properties of Carbon Decorated Li3V2(PO4)3 Prepared by Citric Acid Assisted Gel and Heat Treating","authors":"Jiakun Luo, Shihao Peng, Jingfeng Guo, Fang Xie, Zhaogang Zhang, Wenwen Liu","doi":"10.1134/S003602442470153X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S003602442470153X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Li<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> (LVP) is a prospective cathode material meeting the uninterrupted requirements due to the high theoretical capacity and operating voltage. Nevertheless, the electrochemical capability of pristine LVP is severely restricted under a high operating voltage. Herein, carbon decorated LVP was prepared through the process of citric acid assisted gel and subsequent heat treating. The crystalline phase, morphology, microstructure, and composition of obtained materials were examined using different methods. Transmission electron microscopy result exhibits that the crystalline LVP surface is coated with an amorphous carbon layer of about 3–5 nm thickness, and the LVP particles are connected by carbon. The electrochemical capability of LVP cathode at a cut-off voltage of 4.8 V was determined. The results exhibit the discharge capacity of carbon decorated LVP at 1 C decreases slowly from the initial 132.0 to 104.1 mA h g<sup>–1</sup> after 200 cycles. Correspondingly, the carbon decorated LVP delivers 78.9% capacity retention, which is much larger than that of pristine LVP (46.6%), suggesting the enhanced stability. In addition, the rate and Coulombic efficiency of carbon decorated LVP are also obviously enhanced compared to the pristine LVP. The work verifies a simple modification method to ameliorate the inherent drawbacks and electrochemical properties of LVP at high voltage.</p>","PeriodicalId":767,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.1134/S0036024424701425
Rupesh Kumar Pradhan, Sulochana Singh
In this work, the electrical conductance approach is used to investigate the molecular interactions between nonessential amino acid (L-glutamic acid) and carbohydrates (L-arabinose/D-xylose) at various temperatures. Many characteristics, including limiting molar conductance (({{Lambda }}_{{text{m}}}^{0})), Walden product (({{Lambda }}_{{text{m}}}^{0}{{eta }_{0}})), activation energy (({{E}_{{text{A}}}})), and thermodynamic parameters, were obtained for the binary and ternary solutions of L-glutamic acid (Glu) from the electrical conductance ((hat {k})) measurement. The acquired thermodynamic quantities were interpreted in terms of the systems’ physicochemical interactions. The behavior of small biomolecules (amino acid) and saccharides in solute-solvent interactions is shown by the influence of numerous parameters, including concentration, temperature, and the position of axial and equatorial –OH groups of the saccharides, on these quantities. Hydrophilic-hydrophilic or ion-hydrophilic interactions predominate in the systems that are being studied is supported by the UV–Vis spectroscopy investigations’ absorption values.
{"title":"Conductometric Properties and UV–Vis Spectroscopic Study of L-Glutamic Acid in Aqueous Solutions of L-Arabinose and D-Xylose in the Temperature Range of 293.15–313.15 K at Atmospheric Pressure","authors":"Rupesh Kumar Pradhan, Sulochana Singh","doi":"10.1134/S0036024424701425","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036024424701425","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this work, the electrical conductance approach is used to investigate the molecular interactions between nonessential amino acid (L-glutamic acid) and carbohydrates (L-arabinose/D-xylose) at various temperatures. Many characteristics, including limiting molar conductance (<span>({{Lambda }}_{{text{m}}}^{0})</span>), Walden product (<span>({{Lambda }}_{{text{m}}}^{0}{{eta }_{0}})</span>), activation energy (<span>({{E}_{{text{A}}}})</span>), and thermodynamic parameters, were obtained for the binary and ternary solutions of L-glutamic acid (Glu) from the electrical conductance (<span>(hat {k})</span>) measurement. The acquired thermodynamic quantities were interpreted in terms of the systems’ physicochemical interactions. The behavior of small biomolecules (amino acid) and saccharides in solute-solvent interactions is shown by the influence of numerous parameters, including concentration, temperature, and the position of axial and equatorial –OH groups of the saccharides, on these quantities. Hydrophilic-hydrophilic or ion-hydrophilic interactions predominate in the systems that are being studied is supported by the UV–Vis spectroscopy investigations’ absorption values.</p>","PeriodicalId":767,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.1134/S0036024424701322
A. G. Davydov
An interpretation is proposed for the dependence of the melting temperatures of an entire subclass of alkali metal halides on the chemical composition, based on an analysis of changes in different contributions to the internal energy of salts in the molten and crystalline phases with variation in the sum of the radii of their cations and anions. The expression for calculating the energy of liquid salt melts includes the contribution from charge–dipole interactions between ions, which is considered in a work based on thermodynamic perturbation theory with a basis in the form of a model of charged hard spheres. The Born–Mayer formula is used for the energy of the crystalline phase in the electrostatic part, while Debye’s formula is employed to consider the contribution from vibrations. An explanation is given for the lower values of the reduced melting temperatures of lithium and sodium halides, relative to other salts. It is shown that deviations of the reduced melting temperatures of lithium and sodium halides depending on the sum of ionic radii can be explained by Coulomb and translational contributions to the energy in the molten state, along with Madelung and Born contributions in the crystalline phase.
{"title":"Statistical Thermodynamic Analysis of the Effect of Chemical Composition on Changes in the Melting Temperatures of Alkali Metal Halides","authors":"A. G. Davydov","doi":"10.1134/S0036024424701322","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036024424701322","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An interpretation is proposed for the dependence of the melting temperatures of an entire subclass of alkali metal halides on the chemical composition, based on an analysis of changes in different contributions to the internal energy of salts in the molten and crystalline phases with variation in the sum of the radii of their cations and anions. The expression for calculating the energy of liquid salt melts includes the contribution from charge–dipole interactions between ions, which is considered in a work based on thermodynamic perturbation theory with a basis in the form of a model of charged hard spheres. The Born–Mayer formula is used for the energy of the crystalline phase in the electrostatic part, while Debye’s formula is employed to consider the contribution from vibrations. An explanation is given for the lower values of the reduced melting temperatures of lithium and sodium halides, relative to other salts. It is shown that deviations of the reduced melting temperatures of lithium and sodium halides depending on the sum of ionic radii can be explained by Coulomb and translational contributions to the energy in the molten state, along with Madelung and Born contributions in the crystalline phase.</p>","PeriodicalId":767,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.1134/S0036024424701383
I. Yu. Shilov, A. K. Lyashchenko
Coefficients of activity of alkali metal fluorides at 298 K in aqueous solutions are calculated according to the generalized Debye–Hückel theory using experimental values of the static dielectric constant of solutions. It is shown that calculations without optimized model parameters reproduce the nonmonotonic concentration dependence of the coefficients of activity. The dependence of the coefficients of activity on the radius of a cation is explained by the weakening of ionic association as the radius grows.
摘要根据广义德拜-胡克尔理论,利用溶液静介电常数的实验值,计算了 298 K 时碱金属氟化物在水溶液中的活度系数。结果表明,没有优化模型参数的计算再现了活性系数的非单调浓度依赖性。活度系数与阳离子半径的关系可以用离子结合力随半径增大而减弱来解释。
{"title":"Relationship between Coefficients of Activity and Dielectric Constants in Aqueous Solutions of Alkali Metal Fluorides","authors":"I. Yu. Shilov, A. K. Lyashchenko","doi":"10.1134/S0036024424701383","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036024424701383","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Coefficients of activity of alkali metal fluorides at 298 K in aqueous solutions are calculated according to the generalized Debye–Hückel theory using experimental values of the static dielectric constant of solutions. It is shown that calculations without optimized model parameters reproduce the nonmonotonic concentration dependence of the coefficients of activity. The dependence of the coefficients of activity on the radius of a cation is explained by the weakening of ionic association as the radius grows.</p>","PeriodicalId":767,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.1134/S0036024424701358
M. A. Tedeeva, M. Yu. Mashkin, E. M. Kuprikova, P. V. Pribytkov, K. B. Kalmykov, A. V. Leonov, N. A. Davshan, S. F. Dunaev, A. L. Kustov
A series of chromium oxide catalysts supported on SiO2 with 5 wt % chromium were synthesized and studied. Silica gel was synthesized by a procedure using the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide template and hydrocarbons capable of solubilization in CTMABr micelles, namely, hexane, cyclohexane, and toluene as “extenders.” The resulting series of supports and catalysts were characterized by physicochemical methods: low-temperature adsorption of N2, XRD, SEM–EDX, and UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The highest catalytic activity in propane dehydrogenation in the presence of CO2 was exhibited by the 5Cr/SiO2–hexane sample, whose surface contains Cr(III) coexisting with Cr(VI). At 750°C propane conversion was 59.8%; propylene selectivity, 56.2%.
{"title":"Effect of Support Structure on the Activity of Cr-Containing Catalysts in Propane Dehydrogenation Involving CO2","authors":"M. A. Tedeeva, M. Yu. Mashkin, E. M. Kuprikova, P. V. Pribytkov, K. B. Kalmykov, A. V. Leonov, N. A. Davshan, S. F. Dunaev, A. L. Kustov","doi":"10.1134/S0036024424701358","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036024424701358","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A series of chromium oxide catalysts supported on SiO<sub>2</sub> with 5 wt % chromium were synthesized and studied. Silica gel was synthesized by a procedure using the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide template and hydrocarbons capable of solubilization in CTMABr micelles, namely, hexane, cyclohexane, and toluene as “extenders.” The resulting series of supports and catalysts were characterized by physicochemical methods: low-temperature adsorption of N<sub>2</sub>, XRD, SEM–EDX, and UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The highest catalytic activity in propane dehydrogenation in the presence of CO<sub>2</sub> was exhibited by the 5Cr/SiO<sub>2</sub>–hexane sample, whose surface contains Cr(III) coexisting with Cr(VI). At 750°C propane conversion was 59.8%; propylene selectivity, 56.2%.</p>","PeriodicalId":767,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-09DOI: 10.1134/S0036024424700985
A. V. Knyazev, N. N. Smirnova, O. V. Stepanova, S. S. Knyazeva, A. S. Shipilova, S. V. Chuprova
The temperature dependence of the heat capacity of betamethasone valerate in the range from 5.5 to 346 K was measured for the first time by precise vacuum adiabatic calorimetry. The thermodynamic functions of betamethasone valerate, namely, heat capacity, enthalpy H°(T) – H°(0), entropy S°(T) – S°(0), and Gibbs function G°(T) – H°(0) were determined for the temperature range from T → 0 to 350 K based on the experimental data. The thermal expansion coefficients were determined by low temperature powder X-ray diffractometry.
摘要 通过精确的真空绝热量热法,首次测定了戊酸倍他米松在 5.5 至 346 K 范围内的热容量随温度的变化。根据实验数据确定了戊酸倍他米松在 T → 0 至 350 K 温度范围内的热力学函数,即热容量、焓 H°(T) - H°(0)、熵 S°(T) - S°(0)和吉布斯函数 G°(T) - H°(0)。热膨胀系数是通过低温粉末 X 射线衍射仪测定的。
{"title":"Thermodynamic Functions of the Betamethasone Valerate Hormone","authors":"A. V. Knyazev, N. N. Smirnova, O. V. Stepanova, S. S. Knyazeva, A. S. Shipilova, S. V. Chuprova","doi":"10.1134/S0036024424700985","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036024424700985","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The temperature dependence of the heat capacity of betamethasone valerate in the range from 5.5 to 346 K was measured for the first time by precise vacuum adiabatic calorimetry. The thermodynamic functions of betamethasone valerate, namely, heat capacity, enthalpy <i>H</i>°(<i>T</i>) – <i>H</i>°(0), entropy <i>S</i>°(<i>T</i>) – <i>S</i>°(0), and Gibbs function <i>G</i>°(<i>T</i>) – <i>H</i>°(0) were determined for the temperature range from <i>T</i> → 0 to 350 K based on the experimental data. The thermal expansion coefficients were determined by low temperature powder X-ray diffractometry.</p>","PeriodicalId":767,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-09DOI: 10.1134/S0036024424701085
S. I. Lopatin, A. A. Selyutin, V. L. Stolyarova
The composition of the gas phase was identified for the first time up to a temperature of 2200 K by the Knudsen effusion mass spectrometric method, and the partial pressures of the vapor species during the evaporation of hydroxyapatite were determined. Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 was evaporated from a Knudsen effusion cell made of tungsten. In the temperature range 1200–1300 K, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 undergoes dehydration, forming Ca3P2O8, which evaporates in the form of PO, atomic calcium, and oxygen when the temperature further increases to 1750–2200 K.
摘要 利用克努森渗流质谱法首次鉴定了温度高达 2200 K 的气相组成,并测定了羟基磷灰石蒸发过程中气态物质的分压。Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2是从钨制成的克努森渗流池中蒸发出来的。在 1200-1300 K 的温度范围内,Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 发生脱水,形成 Ca3P2O8,当温度进一步升高到 1750-2200 K 时,Ca3P2O8 以 PO、原子钙和氧的形式蒸发。
{"title":"Mass Spectrometric Study of Evaporation of Hydroxyapatite at Temperatures up to 2200 K","authors":"S. I. Lopatin, A. A. Selyutin, V. L. Stolyarova","doi":"10.1134/S0036024424701085","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036024424701085","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The composition of the gas phase was identified for the first time up to a temperature of 2200 K by the Knudsen effusion mass spectrometric method, and the partial pressures of the vapor species during the evaporation of hydroxyapatite were determined. Ca<sub>10</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>6</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub> was evaporated from a Knudsen effusion cell made of tungsten. In the temperature range 1200–1300 K, Ca<sub>10</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>6</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub> undergoes dehydration, forming Ca<sub>3</sub>P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub>, which evaporates in the form of PO, atomic calcium, and oxygen when the temperature further increases to 1750–2200 K.</p>","PeriodicalId":767,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}