American journal of health behavior最新文献

Objectives: The emergence of COVID-19 and its consequences has led to fears, worries, discomfort, depression, and anxiety for human beings worldwide. In this study, we examined the relationships among COVID-19 stress, leisure constraints, and happiness of Korean adults. Methods: We employed on-line convenience sampling to recruit participants. The sample consisted of Korean adults. A total of 600 surveys were distributed, we retained 293 responses for analysis. Results: COVID-19 stress subcomponents significantly impacted on individual happiness. Our findings align with research focusing on positive correlates between perceived COVID-19 stress and leisure constraints subcomponents. We also found that as COVID-19 stress decreased, perceived happiness increased. Conclusions: Future research is proposed to explore the mechanism of how leisure constraints influence the engagement of physical activities and strategies of leisure constraints negotiation to gain the benefits of happiness in the pandemic crisis. Managerial implications and future research are discussed from the perspectives of constraint negotiation and happiness.

Objectives: In this study, we investigate the relationships among personal well-being, self-esteem, supervisor support, life satisfaction, and happiness in a sample of nurses. In this study, we also investigate the mediating role of life satisfaction. Methods: Present research was quantitative in nature and the research design was cross-sectional. Data were collected from a convenience sample of nurses working in hospitals by using a self-administered survey. We used partial least square-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) for the assessment of statistical significance of the proposed model. Results: We found a statistically significant and positive relationship between personal well-being, life satisfaction, and happiness. Similarly, self-esteem and supervisor support positively affected life satisfaction. Conclusion: Our research adds to the present literature on the factors that affect happiness among nurses. The study also adds to the current literature on PLS-SEM in terms of the assessment of mediation and direct relationships. Our findings are helpful for decision-makers in the health sector in developing happiness and life satisfaction among nurses. These results are also valuable for academicians for their future studies.

Objectives: Obesity rates continue to rise in underserved adolescents. Obesity is linked to poor mental health outcomes. The purpose of this narrative review is to examine existing literature on life satisfaction and obesity-related emerging health behaviors (sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, sleeping patterns, and screen time) in underserved adolescents. Methods: We conducted a review of articles published in English between January 1995 and November 2021 to develop a narrative summary. Results: In general, few studies have been conducted investigating life satisfaction and the emerging behaviors of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, sleeping patterns, and screen time use with adolescents, especially underserved adolescents. In the studies reviewed, we noted links between lower life satisfaction and more than once-a-day sugar consumption, including sugar-sweetened beverages, lower life satisfaction and lower sleep duration, and life satisfaction and screen-time, with both positive and negative relationships shown. Conclusions: Given the limitations in the number of studies, recommendations are provided for future research.

Objectives: The objective of this research was to test the application of peri-anesthesia nursing management (anesthesia preparation room, operating room, recovery room, post anesthesia visit, and anesthesia general management) on hospital services. Methods: We used a quantitative research design to collect data from 311 nurses, with structural equation modeling used for data analysis. Results: The application of the peri- anesthesia nursing management mode of the five-sphere integrated plan impacted hospital services for patients. Conclusion: The practice of the five-sphere integrated mode not only highlighted the professional characteristics of anesthesia nursing, but also ensured the quality of medical treatment of patients during peri-anesthesia, and provided new ideas and references for nursing management of other specialties.

Objectives: Healthcare expenditures in western countries have been rising for many years. This leads many countries to develop and test new reimbursement systems. A systematic review about monetary incentives in group settings indicated that a sole focus on monetary aspects does not necessarily result in better care at lower costs. Hence, this systematic review aims to describe the effects of non- monetary incentives in physician groups. Methods: We searched the databases MEDLINE (PubMed), The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsycINFO, EconLit, and ISI Web of Science. Grey literature search, reference lists, and authors' personal collection provided additional sources. Results: Overall, we included 36 studies. We identified 4 categories of interventions related to non-monetary incentives. In particular, the category of decision support achieved promising results. However, design features vary among different decision support systems. To enable effective design, we provide an overview of the features applied by the studies included. Conclusions: Not every type of non-monetary incentive has a positive impact on quality of care in physician group settings. Thus, creating awareness among decision-makers regarding this matter and extending research on this topic can contribute to preventing implementation of ineffective incentives, and consequently, allocate resources towards tools that add value.

Objectives: Nonmedical use of prescription opioids (NMUPO) is a pressing public health concern and affects sexual minority youth (SMY) at greater rates than heterosexual youth. We investigated whether protective environmental factors-(1) Human Rights Campaign's state equality index (SEI) and (2) supportive school environments for LGBTQ youth, influenced NMUPO among SMY and non-SMY students. Methods: We combined data from the 2017-2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2016-2018 School Health Profiles, state-level socio-demographic and SEI data across 24 states (N=156,149). Generalized linear mixed models examined associations between (1) SEI and (2) supportive school environments for LGBTQ youth, with NMUPO, accounting for clustering at the school-and state-level. Results: Before adjustment, we found that youth in states with higher SEI were significantly less likely to engage in NMUPO compared to students in states with lower SEI, a relationship that became non-significant after adjustment. After adjusting for individual-and state-level indicators, SMY in states with supportive school environments for LGBTQ youth were less likely to engage in NMUPO. Conclusions: Supportive school environments for LGBTQ youth may play an important role in the health of SMY. Establishing more inclusive policies and supportive environments within schools may reduce NMUPO among SMY.

Objectives: Since the outbreak of COVID-19, Internet use has become more frequent as the reaction to quarantine and social distancing have continued, which has had a significant impact on mental health. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between Internet use and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We obtained data from the 2020 China Family Panel Study (CFPS), a nationwide typical longitudinal follow-up social survey that began in 2010 and is implemented every 2 years. We assessed Internet use by whether or not people used a mobile device or a computer to access the Internet. We measured the mental health of individuals using values for the depression variable, which was collected through the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Statistical analysis involved independent sample t-tests and multiple linear regression analysis. Results: Internet use was significantly associated with a decrease in depression scores; the length of Internet use was significantly associated with an increase in depression scores. The relationship between various Internet functions and depression scores differed significantly, with gaming and social functions being significantly associated with a decrease in depression scores; shopping and learning functions were not significantly associated with depression scores. For youth, play functioning was significantly associated with a decrease in depression scores, while shopping functioning was significantly associated with an increase in depression scores; for the middle-aged group, social functioning was significantly associated with a decrease in depression scores; and for the elderly, social and shopping functioning were significantly associated with a decrease in depression scores.Conclusion: Public mental health can be promoted through the use of the Internet during the COVID-19 pandemic. Different groups should make reasonable use of Internet functions but control the length of time spent using them.

Objectives: We analyzed the directional effect of perceived control and control strategies on subjective well-being in middle-aged and elderly people with historical data, and to provide data support for the intervention of well-being in the later years of the elderly group, so as to help them age successfully.Methods: Using data from the CLHLS between 2005 and 2014, we collected demographic and social data of the same elderly population over the decade. We also gathered information on changes in well-being, perceived control, and the use of control strategies. To analyze the longitudinal relationship between subjective well-being and perceived control, including the impact of control strategies on subjective well-being, we used a multilevel growth model with MPLUS. Results: We found that subjective well-being and perceived control were not affected by time. However, changes in perceived control in older adults could predict their level of subjective well-being. Those with higher initial levels of perceived control experienced greater increases in subjective well-being. Additionally, the use of control strategies had a significant influence on changes in subjective well-being, explaining 70.5% of the variance. Conclusion: Combined use of multiple control strategies is a feasible way to improve subjective well-being in later life.

Objectives: An important aspect of complex care of patients with chronic hepatitis C is improvement of their quality of life. In Poland, a low level of life satisfaction is observed among patients with hepatitis C. Some patients experience concerns and anxiety that they will be identified by their employers, family, acquaintances. They are afraid of losing their job or breaking up with their loved ones. This study provides an analysis of the level of life satisfaction among patients with chronic hepatitis C. Methods: Overall, 220 patients with hepatitis C completed the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) along with an author-constructed questionnaire. Results: The mean level of satisfaction with life score was 16.3±4.9. More than a half of the patients presented a low level of satisfaction (1-4 stens)-62,7%, approximately one-third of the respondents showed a mediocre level (5-6 stens), and 8,7% indicated a high level (7-10 stens). Patients who evaluated their state of health as "poor" had the lowest life satisfaction scores-mean=13.9. Conclusions: Patients with hepatitis C assessed their satisfaction with life negatively and those aged 51-60 expressed significantly lower evaluations. Women showed a slightly lower level of life satisfaction than men, which was associated with low health self-esteem.

Objectives: Students at higher education institutes are facing the issue of mental health and psychological well-being highlighting the importance of health behavior. Therefore, the aim of this research was to investigate the relationship among social media use, self-regulation, and career development goals of university students on their psychological well-being and academic performance along with the direct effect of mental health on academic performance. Moreover, we also examined the mediating role of psychological well-being. Methods: We collected data through questionnaires from 250 students enrolled in universities using random sampling technique. The usable response rate was 70.19%. We examined the data using PLS-SEM through PLS-3.3.9. Results: Psychological well-being was significantly affected by social media use, self-regulation, and career development goals. Also, psychological well-being had a positive significant effect on students' academic performance. Conclusions: These findings also confirm the mediating role of psychological well-being as well. We present the implications and limitations of the study.