Objectives: Although previous research reported prevalence of sedentary behavior (SB) during the COVID-19 pandemic, the prevalence of SB in the post-COVID-19 era remains unexplored. Prevalence, patterns, and determinants of post-COVID-19 total SB, and domain-specific SB in Saudi adults was examined. Methods: Participants (N=1,255; 55% females; 50% aged 20 to 29 years old) completed a Web-based survey (December 2, 2022 ‐ January 25, 2023). The Arabic version of the Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire estimated SBs (hours/day) during weekdays and weekend days. Respondents self-reported personal, anthropometric, and socioeconomical variables. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests assessed patterns of total and domain-specific SB and Kruskal-Wallis tests evaluated its determinants. Results: Most participants (54.7%) spent excessive time (≥8 hours/day) in total SB especially during weekdays (p<.001). Leisure-time SB was higher compared to other domain-specific SB (p<.001). Occupational-time SB was higher on weekdays while leisure-time SB was higher during weekends days (p<.001). No statistically significant differences were found for transportational-time SB. Age and occupation were the main determinants of SB (p<.005) while other correlates had more complex associations. Conclusions: Current efforts to reduce SB and suggest that Saudi policymakers, physicians, and researchers target not only daily total SB, but also domain-specific SB, especially in the post-COVID-19 era.
{"title":"Post-COVID-19 Total and Domain-specific Sedentary Behaviors in Saudi Adults","authors":"Abdullah B. Alansare","doi":"10.5993/ajhb.47.4.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5993/ajhb.47.4.12","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Although previous research reported prevalence of sedentary behavior (SB) during the COVID-19 pandemic, the prevalence of SB in the post-COVID-19 era remains unexplored. Prevalence, patterns, and determinants of post-COVID-19 total SB, and domain-specific SB in Saudi adults was examined. Methods: Participants (N=1,255; 55% females; 50% aged 20 to 29 years old) completed a Web-based survey (December 2, 2022 ‐ January 25, 2023). The Arabic version of the Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire estimated SBs (hours/day) during weekdays and weekend days. Respondents self-reported personal, anthropometric, and socioeconomical variables. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests assessed patterns of total and domain-specific SB and Kruskal-Wallis tests evaluated its determinants. Results: Most participants (54.7%) spent excessive time (≥8 hours/day) in total SB especially during weekdays (p<.001). Leisure-time SB was higher compared to other domain-specific SB (p<.001). Occupational-time SB was higher on weekdays while leisure-time SB was higher during weekends days (p<.001). No statistically significant differences were found for transportational-time SB. Age and occupation were the main determinants of SB (p<.005) while other correlates had more complex associations. Conclusions: Current efforts to reduce SB and suggest that Saudi policymakers, physicians, and researchers target not only daily total SB, but also domain-specific SB, especially in the post-COVID-19 era.","PeriodicalId":7699,"journal":{"name":"American journal of health behavior","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136242608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Li Zou, Weihong Wang, Qiaoping Wang, Lanlan Zhang, Yichao Hu, Haofen Xie, Zejun Yan
Objective : Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy has become an important treatment method for patients with limited renal tumors; however, its most common complication is postoperative bleeding and, until now, little has been known about the use of enhanced recovery after surgery following the use of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for kidney tumors in China. In the present study, we assessed the efficacy of cluster nursing methods in the recovery of patients after laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Methods: We included 96 patients were in the study and separated them into an observation group and a control group. The control group received traditional oral and written education as well as routine care; the observation group received the cluster nursing methods of a dissociate hemorrhage risk classification and position plan, performed by doctors and nurses, respectively. We used the Kolcaba General Comfort Questionnaire (GCQ), Digital Pain Scoring, and Hamilton Anxiety Scale to evaluate the patients′ conditions. Results: We compared the durations of absolute bedrest, Kolcaba GCQ scores, flank pain scores, psychological anxiety scores and hospitalization indicators between the 2 groups; the differences were statistically significant (p<.05). No bleeding or lower extremity venous thrombosis occurred in either of the 2 groups. Conclusions: Position management and diversified health education may enhance post-surgery recovery, shorten the hospitalization time, and improve inpatient comfort.
{"title":"The Role of Cluster Nursing Methods Following Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy","authors":"Li Zou, Weihong Wang, Qiaoping Wang, Lanlan Zhang, Yichao Hu, Haofen Xie, Zejun Yan","doi":"10.5993/ajhb.47.4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5993/ajhb.47.4.3","url":null,"abstract":"Objective : Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy has become an important treatment method for patients with limited renal tumors; however, its most common complication is postoperative bleeding and, until now, little has been known about the use of enhanced recovery after surgery following the use of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for kidney tumors in China. In the present study, we assessed the efficacy of cluster nursing methods in the recovery of patients after laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Methods: We included 96 patients were in the study and separated them into an observation group and a control group. The control group received traditional oral and written education as well as routine care; the observation group received the cluster nursing methods of a dissociate hemorrhage risk classification and position plan, performed by doctors and nurses, respectively. We used the Kolcaba General Comfort Questionnaire (GCQ), Digital Pain Scoring, and Hamilton Anxiety Scale to evaluate the patients′ conditions. Results: We compared the durations of absolute bedrest, Kolcaba GCQ scores, flank pain scores, psychological anxiety scores and hospitalization indicators between the 2 groups; the differences were statistically significant (p<.05). No bleeding or lower extremity venous thrombosis occurred in either of the 2 groups. Conclusions: Position management and diversified health education may enhance post-surgery recovery, shorten the hospitalization time, and improve inpatient comfort.","PeriodicalId":7699,"journal":{"name":"American journal of health behavior","volume":"2017 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136241865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chuhan Miao, Yan Bo, Jingyu Xu, Yuqian Wu, Jiayue Shen, Jun Fan, Yingli Wang, Wang Tin Li
Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has been a public health hazard since 2020. Preventive measures taken in mainland China and Hong Kong to control the spread of COVID-19, including quarantine, could potentially affect people's physical and mental health. Methods: We used a snowball sampling method to investigate the experience of people in mainland China and Hong Kong using AI chatbots during the COVID-19 pandemic to obtain information on mental health related to COVID-19, the current situation, and the multi-dimensional experience of using AI chatbots. The people who participated in the survey were residents aged 18-75 in the 2 areas. Results: The effective response rate of the questionnaire was 98%. Concerning demographics, 91.1% of the target group were 18-55 years old. The most important sources of information for the respondents were WeChat and Web pages. There was no difference between Hong Kong and mainland China in terms of access to COVID-19-related mental health information (☓ 2 =0.59, p=.444), and no difference shown in access to information by gender (☓ 2 =0.01, p=.942). There was no difference in age group (☓ 2 =2.97, p=.594) and was not related to whether respondents were in the provincial capital city area (☓ 2 =0.62, p=.429). Age groups “<18 years old” and “56-65 years old” were related to giving a higher (4 or 5) score to AI text questions answering chatbot (p=.030), and there is a positive relationship between the satisfactory of AI text question answering chatbot and that of AI voice question answering chatbot (R 2 =0.8074, p=.038). Conclusion: There is no significant difference in the use of all-in-one AI platforms in mainland China and Hong Kong, and both have large market potential in the field of AI services for mental health. This platform is suitable for people of all ages in both regions. The results of this study provide forward-looking guidance for our team to develop robots based on an all-in-one AI platform.
{"title":"Health Needs Assessment: Comparison of Applications of All-in-One AI Platform during the COVID-19 Pandemic between Mainland China and Hong Kong","authors":"Chuhan Miao, Yan Bo, Jingyu Xu, Yuqian Wu, Jiayue Shen, Jun Fan, Yingli Wang, Wang Tin Li","doi":"10.5993/ajhb.47.4.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5993/ajhb.47.4.13","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has been a public health hazard since 2020. Preventive measures taken in mainland China and Hong Kong to control the spread of COVID-19, including quarantine, could potentially affect people's physical and mental health. Methods: We used a snowball sampling method to investigate the experience of people in mainland China and Hong Kong using AI chatbots during the COVID-19 pandemic to obtain information on mental health related to COVID-19, the current situation, and the multi-dimensional experience of using AI chatbots. The people who participated in the survey were residents aged 18-75 in the 2 areas. Results: The effective response rate of the questionnaire was 98%. Concerning demographics, 91.1% of the target group were 18-55 years old. The most important sources of information for the respondents were WeChat and Web pages. There was no difference between Hong Kong and mainland China in terms of access to COVID-19-related mental health information (☓ 2 =0.59, p=.444), and no difference shown in access to information by gender (☓ 2 =0.01, p=.942). There was no difference in age group (☓ 2 =2.97, p=.594) and was not related to whether respondents were in the provincial capital city area (☓ 2 =0.62, p=.429). Age groups “<18 years old” and “56-65 years old” were related to giving a higher (4 or 5) score to AI text questions answering chatbot (p=.030), and there is a positive relationship between the satisfactory of AI text question answering chatbot and that of AI voice question answering chatbot (R 2 =0.8074, p=.038). Conclusion: There is no significant difference in the use of all-in-one AI platforms in mainland China and Hong Kong, and both have large market potential in the field of AI services for mental health. This platform is suitable for people of all ages in both regions. The results of this study provide forward-looking guidance for our team to develop robots based on an all-in-one AI platform.","PeriodicalId":7699,"journal":{"name":"American journal of health behavior","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136242610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Angela M. Andrews, Cynthia L. Russell, Steven Chesnut
Objective: The SystemCHANGE™ intervention is an approach that harnesses patients′ recurring personal systems of established routines of daily living, environments, and important others as reliable ′personalized system solutions′ to support habitual medication-taking and improve medication adherence. In a secondary data analysis, we (1) analyzed the association between the longitudinal trajectories of systems thinking and medication adherence, and (2) examined the extent that demographic characteristics and the SystemCHANGE™ intervention influenced these trajectories. Methods: Participants were ≥ 18 years of age who had received a kidney‐only transplant, self‐administered at least one prescribed immunosuppressive medication twice daily, had a functioning kidney transplant, were not in the hospital, and had no diagnosis that would immediately shorten the lifespan. We conducted a single‐blinded (participants), 2‐arm randomized controlled trial (RCT). An intervention group received the 6-month SystemCHANGETM intervention, and the attention-control group received the 6-month education intervention. Systems thinking was measured using the Systems Thinking Scale (adapted for patients). Results: The parallel process growth curve model with time-invariant predictors suggested that participants with higher levels of systems thinking at baseline demonstrated greater gains in systems thinking over time (r=0.407). White participants exhibited greater baseline levels of systems thinking than African-American participants (d=0.76). Participants assigned to the SystemCHANGE™ group maintained their medication adherence rates over time, whereas control counterparts demonstrated significantly different, declining trajectories of medication adherence (d=−0.41). Conclusion: We found shared co-variance between systems thinking and medication adherence and the SystemCHANGE™ intervention. The SystemCHANGE™ intervention was efficacious in improving and sustaining medication adherence in adult kidney transplant recipients.
{"title":"The Effect of the SystemCHANGETM Intervention on Systems Thinking in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Adult Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Secondary Data Analysis","authors":"Angela M. Andrews, Cynthia L. Russell, Steven Chesnut","doi":"10.5993/ajhb.47.4.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5993/ajhb.47.4.16","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The SystemCHANGE™ intervention is an approach that harnesses patients′ recurring personal systems of established routines of daily living, environments, and important others as reliable ′personalized system solutions′ to support habitual medication-taking and improve medication adherence. In a secondary data analysis, we (1) analyzed the association between the longitudinal trajectories of systems thinking and medication adherence, and (2) examined the extent that demographic characteristics and the SystemCHANGE™ intervention influenced these trajectories. Methods: Participants were ≥ 18 years of age who had received a kidney‐only transplant, self‐administered at least one prescribed immunosuppressive medication twice daily, had a functioning kidney transplant, were not in the hospital, and had no diagnosis that would immediately shorten the lifespan. We conducted a single‐blinded (participants), 2‐arm randomized controlled trial (RCT). An intervention group received the 6-month SystemCHANGETM intervention, and the attention-control group received the 6-month education intervention. Systems thinking was measured using the Systems Thinking Scale (adapted for patients). Results: The parallel process growth curve model with time-invariant predictors suggested that participants with higher levels of systems thinking at baseline demonstrated greater gains in systems thinking over time (r=0.407). White participants exhibited greater baseline levels of systems thinking than African-American participants (d=0.76). Participants assigned to the SystemCHANGE™ group maintained their medication adherence rates over time, whereas control counterparts demonstrated significantly different, declining trajectories of medication adherence (d=−0.41). Conclusion: We found shared co-variance between systems thinking and medication adherence and the SystemCHANGE™ intervention. The SystemCHANGE™ intervention was efficacious in improving and sustaining medication adherence in adult kidney transplant recipients.","PeriodicalId":7699,"journal":{"name":"American journal of health behavior","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136242609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laurel ErinCurry snm, Jamie Guillory, Amy Henes, McKinley Saunders, Anna MacMonegle, James Nonnemaker, Debra Mekos, Megan Wall Vigorita, Emily McDonald, Dana E Wagner, Emily C. Sanders
Objectives: Despite their wide use, little is known about risk and protective factors associated with cigar, little cigar, and cigarillo (CLCC) and blunt use among United States (US) youth, including youth in the Hip Hop peer crowd. Methods: Data come from a majority black and Hispanic cross-sectional sample of 2187 Hip Hop youth ages 12 to 18 recruited via address-based sampling and social media in 2015. We used multivariable logistic regressions with covariates entered in blocks to test which participant characteristics were associated with (1) CLCC use and (2) blunt use. Results: Several cultural/environmental, social/normative, and intrapersonal factors were positively associated with CLCC and blunt use, eg, older age, peer cigarette and marijuana use, and lower perceived smoking risks. There were also unique positive correlates of each, including being non-Hispanic black (vs Hispanic), smoking being allowed in the home, having friends that smoke CLCCs, and experiencing poor mental health for CLCC use, and household tobacco use and sensation seeking for blunt use. Conclusions: Factors associated with CLCC and blunt use may be important in designing interventions to prevent their use. The associations among household tobacco use, sensation seeking, and blunt use among the Hip Hop peer crowd warrant future investigation.
{"title":"Factors Associated with Use of Cigars, Little Cigars, Cigarillos, and Blunts among Hip Hop Youth in the United States","authors":"Laurel ErinCurry snm, Jamie Guillory, Amy Henes, McKinley Saunders, Anna MacMonegle, James Nonnemaker, Debra Mekos, Megan Wall Vigorita, Emily McDonald, Dana E Wagner, Emily C. Sanders","doi":"10.5993/ajhb.47.4.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5993/ajhb.47.4.20","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Despite their wide use, little is known about risk and protective factors associated with cigar, little cigar, and cigarillo (CLCC) and blunt use among United States (US) youth, including youth in the Hip Hop peer crowd. Methods: Data come from a majority black and Hispanic cross-sectional sample of 2187 Hip Hop youth ages 12 to 18 recruited via address-based sampling and social media in 2015. We used multivariable logistic regressions with covariates entered in blocks to test which participant characteristics were associated with (1) CLCC use and (2) blunt use. Results: Several cultural/environmental, social/normative, and intrapersonal factors were positively associated with CLCC and blunt use, eg, older age, peer cigarette and marijuana use, and lower perceived smoking risks. There were also unique positive correlates of each, including being non-Hispanic black (vs Hispanic), smoking being allowed in the home, having friends that smoke CLCCs, and experiencing poor mental health for CLCC use, and household tobacco use and sensation seeking for blunt use. Conclusions: Factors associated with CLCC and blunt use may be important in designing interventions to prevent their use. The associations among household tobacco use, sensation seeking, and blunt use among the Hip Hop peer crowd warrant future investigation.","PeriodicalId":7699,"journal":{"name":"American journal of health behavior","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136242615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of health literacy, parent support, and health policies on the health attitudes of teenagers in China. The health status of teenagers in China is critical due to their large number in the population and because the government has failed to provide healthcare insurance to each individual. Methods: The population for this study was Chinese teenagers. Empirical evidence is gained through a measurement model assessment and structural model assessment findings. The model from this research is a significant addition to the knowledge of teenagers′ health information. Research findings are based on empirical evidence. Results: Health literacy, health policies, and parent support influence the health attitude of teenagers in China. Conclusion: The theoretical findings demonstrated by this research are new in the body of knowledge that extended the literature. The practical implication of this research to enhance the health literacy of teenagers in China. The study has demonstrated the future research directions for scholars.
{"title":"Psychological Health Literacy Awareness and Healthy Attitudes among Teenagers in China","authors":"Lu Liu","doi":"10.5993/ajhb.47.4.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5993/ajhb.47.4.15","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of health literacy, parent support, and health policies on the health attitudes of teenagers in China. The health status of teenagers in China is critical due to their large number in the population and because the government has failed to provide healthcare insurance to each individual. Methods: The population for this study was Chinese teenagers. Empirical evidence is gained through a measurement model assessment and structural model assessment findings. The model from this research is a significant addition to the knowledge of teenagers′ health information. Research findings are based on empirical evidence. Results: Health literacy, health policies, and parent support influence the health attitude of teenagers in China. Conclusion: The theoretical findings demonstrated by this research are new in the body of knowledge that extended the literature. The practical implication of this research to enhance the health literacy of teenagers in China. The study has demonstrated the future research directions for scholars.","PeriodicalId":7699,"journal":{"name":"American journal of health behavior","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136241867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the individual effect of each component of mothers′ attitudes on child healthcare. Methods: A mixed-methods approach was used to achieve the research objectives. Interviews with 15 mothers from 2 provinces helped to determine mothers′ attitudes. In addition, a questionnaire was distributed following convenience sampling in Shandong and Yunnan to 1500 mothers resulting in 384 responses. Results: All 3 predictors were supported by findings as significant in determining child healthcare. Mothers′ health knowledge was the strongest predictor of child healthcare followed by health-seeking behavior. Conclusion: This study helps the policymakers and government to enhance the mothers′ attitude to carry healthy children. For Chinese healthcare professionals and politicians, these findings have significant implications.
{"title":"The Impact of Mothers’ Health Attitudes on Child Healthcare","authors":"Jinzhou Lv","doi":"10.5993/ajhb.47.4.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5993/ajhb.47.4.19","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the individual effect of each component of mothers′ attitudes on child healthcare. Methods: A mixed-methods approach was used to achieve the research objectives. Interviews with 15 mothers from 2 provinces helped to determine mothers′ attitudes. In addition, a questionnaire was distributed following convenience sampling in Shandong and Yunnan to 1500 mothers resulting in 384 responses. Results: All 3 predictors were supported by findings as significant in determining child healthcare. Mothers′ health knowledge was the strongest predictor of child healthcare followed by health-seeking behavior. Conclusion: This study helps the policymakers and government to enhance the mothers′ attitude to carry healthy children. For Chinese healthcare professionals and politicians, these findings have significant implications.","PeriodicalId":7699,"journal":{"name":"American journal of health behavior","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136241869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Junhyoung Kim, Jungjoo Lee, Miriam Rodriguez, Areum Han, Hyo-Jin Ju
Objectives: We investigated the relationship between types of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) activities, intellectually stimulating activities, and community-based activities and the cognitive functions of older adults. Methods: We extracted 3,767 samples from the 2020 Health and Retirement Study (N=15,723). We defined cognitive functions as: (1) memory as assessed by both immediate and delayed recall tests, (2) working memory measured by a subtraction-by-7 test, and (3) attention and processing speed assessment through the use of the counting backward test. We used hierarchical regression analysis to assess the relationships between types of leisure and cognitive functions. Results: LTPA, intellectual leisure, and community-based leisure were significantly associated with improved memory function. Intellectual activity was significantly associated with improved working memory, and improved attention and processing speed. Conclusion: These findings provide data-based implications for the design and implementation of various types of leisure activities for older adults by healthcare providers and therapists.
{"title":"Identifying the Relationships between Types of Leisure Activities and Cognitive Functions in Older Adults","authors":"Junhyoung Kim, Jungjoo Lee, Miriam Rodriguez, Areum Han, Hyo-Jin Ju","doi":"10.5993/ajhb.47.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5993/ajhb.47.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: We investigated the relationship between types of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) activities, intellectually stimulating activities, and community-based activities and the cognitive functions of older adults. Methods: We extracted 3,767 samples from the 2020 Health and Retirement Study (N=15,723). We defined cognitive functions as: (1) memory as assessed by both immediate and delayed recall tests, (2) working memory measured by a subtraction-by-7 test, and (3) attention and processing speed assessment through the use of the counting backward test. We used hierarchical regression analysis to assess the relationships between types of leisure and cognitive functions. Results: LTPA, intellectual leisure, and community-based leisure were significantly associated with improved memory function. Intellectual activity was significantly associated with improved working memory, and improved attention and processing speed. Conclusion: These findings provide data-based implications for the design and implementation of various types of leisure activities for older adults by healthcare providers and therapists.","PeriodicalId":7699,"journal":{"name":"American journal of health behavior","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136241729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tso-Yen Mao, Chun-Feng Huang, Chien-Ting Chen, Ying-Ru Lai, Su-Shiang Lee
Objectives: In this study, we explored the feasibility of predicting the risks of older adults′ cognitive function impairment using game-based intelligence tests combined with heart rate variability. Methods: We recruited 110 elderly participants from a dementia center in central Taiwan using cluster sampling. The research tools included the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Game-based Intelligence Test (GBIT), and dynamic and static heart rate variability (HRV). Results: Multivariate stepwise regression analysis was performed for the GBIT on MMSE scores (65.1%). The key factors included the correct number of memory recalls and average attention time. Moreover, logistic regression analysis was conducted for GBIT combined with HRV to predict the high-risk group for cognitive function impairment. Key factors included the correct number of reactions, the correct number of memory recalls, and a very low-frequency power peak. The probability of correct classification was 78.18%. Conclusions: GBIT combined with HRV has predictive power on the risk of elderly cognitive function impairment. Hence, this study recommends that GBIT combined with HRV could be used at home or community bases as a feasible tool in predicting older adults′ cognitive function impairment.
{"title":"Predicting Cognitive Function Impairment through Game-based Intelligence Tests Combined with Heart Rate Variability in Older Adults","authors":"Tso-Yen Mao, Chun-Feng Huang, Chien-Ting Chen, Ying-Ru Lai, Su-Shiang Lee","doi":"10.5993/ajhb.47.4.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5993/ajhb.47.4.17","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: In this study, we explored the feasibility of predicting the risks of older adults′ cognitive function impairment using game-based intelligence tests combined with heart rate variability. Methods: We recruited 110 elderly participants from a dementia center in central Taiwan using cluster sampling. The research tools included the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Game-based Intelligence Test (GBIT), and dynamic and static heart rate variability (HRV). Results: Multivariate stepwise regression analysis was performed for the GBIT on MMSE scores (65.1%). The key factors included the correct number of memory recalls and average attention time. Moreover, logistic regression analysis was conducted for GBIT combined with HRV to predict the high-risk group for cognitive function impairment. Key factors included the correct number of reactions, the correct number of memory recalls, and a very low-frequency power peak. The probability of correct classification was 78.18%. Conclusions: GBIT combined with HRV has predictive power on the risk of elderly cognitive function impairment. Hence, this study recommends that GBIT combined with HRV could be used at home or community bases as a feasible tool in predicting older adults′ cognitive function impairment.","PeriodicalId":7699,"journal":{"name":"American journal of health behavior","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136241732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: This research was conducted to analyze the relationship between maternal body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy and weight gain in childbirth. This research is also an approach to understand women health behavior for BMI. Methods: In this descriptive analysis of 588 singleton pregnancies, their pre-pregnancy BMI was measured and gestational weight growth in the third trimester, all reserved pregnant women were tracked, and the method of delivery was recorded in Maternity Teaching Hospital from February to December 2020. The data collected throughout the investigation were analyzed using the SPSS 25 package application. Results: According to the study's findings, the average age of women was 24.4 years old, with a standard deviation of 5.04. About 66% of women had standard BMI, 17.56% were underweight, 10.13% were overweight, and 6.08% were obese. Conclusion: A statistically significant association was discovered between maternal weight during pregnancy and mode of delivery in this study. The study highlighted that women health behavior is significant factor to improve their BMI during pregnancy and delivery.
{"title":"Impact of Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain with Mode of Delivery on Health Behavior of Primigravida Women.","authors":"Atiya Kareem Mohammed","doi":"10.5993/AJHB.47.3.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5993/AJHB.47.3.15","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> This research was conducted to analyze the relationship between maternal body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy and weight gain in childbirth. This research is also an approach to understand women health behavior for BMI. <b>Methods:</b> In this descriptive analysis of 588 singleton pregnancies, their pre-pregnancy BMI was measured and gestational weight growth in the third trimester, all reserved pregnant women were tracked, and the method of delivery was recorded in Maternity Teaching Hospital from February to December 2020. The data collected throughout the investigation were analyzed using the SPSS 25 package application. <b>Results:</b> According to the study's findings, the average age of women was 24.4 years old, with a standard deviation of 5.04. About 66% of women had standard BMI, 17.56% were underweight, 10.13% were overweight, and 6.08% were obese. <b>Conclusion:</b> A statistically significant association was discovered between maternal weight during pregnancy and mode of delivery in this study. The study highlighted that women health behavior is significant factor to improve their BMI during pregnancy and delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":7699,"journal":{"name":"American journal of health behavior","volume":"47 3","pages":"579-587"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10159064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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