Russian Physics Journal最新文献

The electron configuration of atoms is recognized for its well-defined hierarchy of progressive models with guaranteed convergence to the exact result and for its significant contributions to fundamental sciences through various applications. In traditional electron configurations of atoms, the principal quantum numbers are always positive integers and describe the energy levels of the electrons in an atom. The concept of noninteger (effective) principal quantum numbers, first proposed by Slater, has appeared in some advanced and theoretical contexts, often involving the true total energy of systems or extensions beyond standard approximation models. This phenomenon, the origin of which is still unclear, has recently been solved by explaining that it is due to the fractal structure of atoms and molecules, which is also considered proof that atoms and molecules have a fractal structure. In this paper the new electron configuration of atoms is proposed, the main concept of this configuration is based on the fractal nature of atoms and molecules, in which the general configuration includes noninteger principal quantum numbers is in viewpoint. The paper addresses the electron configuration of atoms according to the fractal structure of atoms, a longstanding problem in quantum physics that remains unsolved despite considerable interest and theoretical progress. It is believed that the proposed new electron configuration method will provide excellent progress in the study of the atomic and molecular structure of natural sciences.

The paper deals with the fabrication of CdSe, CdSe/CdS and CdSe/ZnS core-shell semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs).

It is shown that their shell thickness and composition affect the photoluminescent properties of NCs. In order to obtain CdSe/CdS and CdSe/ZnS core-shell semiconductor NCs with the improved photoluminescent properties, the optimum shell thickness is determined for each composition. Poly methyl methacrylate-based thin-film nanocomposites incorporating CdSe/CdS and CdSe/ZnS core-shell semiconductor NCs are proposed in this work.

The paper examines synergistic effects of temperature and mechanical external forces on the potential energy surfaces. After formalizing the quantitative introduction of temperature in the potential energy surface, the analysis is given to its effect on the potential energy surface. If the temperature is considered solely, the phase transition structure emerges in the potential energy surface, but the minima in the potential energy surface are equivalent. However, if the synergistic effect of temperature and mechanical force is considered, the results are dramatic, since the phase transition pattern emerges, but the minima in the potential energy surface are no longer equivalent. This study may indicate possible simulations that will shed light on the Epstein effect of post-vibrational interactions.

Based on an analysis of physical regularities, a promising methodology for estimating the depth profile of mass phytoplankton concentration in a thin upper oceanic layer with an airborne lidar using the surface chlorophyll fluorescence is proposed in the present work and examples of its instrumental implementation are given.

The paper presents simulation of the accelerator-driven system with uranium target in Geant4 software. Amplification energy factors are simulated as a function of the facility geometry. It is shown that the water coolant is as efficient as the lead coolant in terms of the amplification factor. The paper studies the efficiency of the accelerator-driven system for the electricity production.

The factors determining the rate of change in contact pressure during indentation of a compact viscoelastic fluid-saturated body into a flat surface of a massive elastic body are studied. This problem is important for a number of applications, including the interaction of human limbs with touch screens and fingerprint identification, as well as for the development of bioinspired artificial soft fingers. Using a numerical implementation of a coupled model of permeable viscoelastic materials, a possibility of constructing a generalized dependence (master curve) of contact pressure on time or indentation depth is shown. The master curve makes it possible to quantify the rate of change in contact pressure when applying different viscoelastic body and elastic ground materials as well as different loading velocities.

Crystallographic and electronic properties of copper doped monoclinic ZrO₂ (m-ZrO₂) is investigated utilizing density functional theory calculations. Formation energies of the Cu impurity in the investigated doping sites in m‑ZrO₂ suggest that Cu substitution for Zr (Cu_Zr) is generally more favorable under oxygen-rich conditions. Substitution of Cu for O becomes significant under oxygen-lean conditions. However, the formation energy obtained for Cu substituting O, is relatively high and positive (1.63 eV) demonstrating the difficulty of formation. Cu substituting for Zr in m‑ZrO₂ with different oxygen vacancy (V_O) positions relative to the Cu impurity is simulated. The structural calculation shows that V_O occupies a site near the Cu impurity. The cumulative impact of Cu and V_O on structural and optical properties of the host m‑ZrO₂ is investigated. In comparison to pure ZrO₂, the band gap of Cu-doped ZrO₂ with oxygen vacancies is reduced by 30%. The energy band gap reduction relates to the creation of spin-polarized gap states. This band gap reduction reduces the band gap of the doped system to the energy range in the visible region and thus increases its ability for absorption. The obtained results indicate that Cu-doped m‑ZrO_2−x serves as an effective route for the light absorption and is efficiency is of a visible-light photocatalyst.

The paper studies the application of Gaussian random fields in constructing stochastic models of porous ceramics, in particular heterogeneous materials. These models are used to simulate a nonuniform strain distribution in samples under the diametral compression. The analysis is given to the influence of the model parameters on resulting strain distribution patterns. The proposed simulation method of the sample structure results in the development of nonuniform strain fields varying in degrees and scales of heterogeneity, depending on the anisotropy parameter of the random field.

Influence of the time and temperature of Ti–4Al–3V titanium alloy annealing after printing of samples by the wire electron beam additive technology (WEBAM) is investigated. It is shown that after treatment, the annealing at temperatures up to 850 °C predominantly increases the material plasticity with increasing fraction of the alpha-phase and almost full absence of the beta-phase. The content of the beta-phase increases, the plasticity decreases, and the material strength considerably increases after treatment at temperatures of 950 and 1050 °C. The increased annealing time at a temperature of 850 °C leads to the increase of the plasticity, and at temperatures of 950 and 1050 °C, of the material strength.

Geant4 physical models are studied for integrated cross sections of gamma-quanta and nuclei interaction in a wide range of atomic weights. The model predictions are compared to the experimental data of the giant dipole resonance to the higher gamma-quanta energies.