Eksperimental'naia onkologiia最新文献

Chromosomal damages and their dynamics in blood lymphocytes of mongrel white L10 rats treated (once) intravenously with nitrosomethyl urea (NMU) at a dose of 50 mg/kg have been analyzed. A direct correlation is revealed between carcinogenesis, chromosome aberration level in somatic cells, polyploid and hyperaneuploid cell frequency 24 hs after the NMU treatment and in the precancerous period. An increase of hyperaneuploid and polyploid cells in the organism can serve as a prognostic factor of carcinogenesis.

Rabbits with the Brown-Pierce carcinoma have been studied in chronic experiments for dynamics of the permanent potential reflecting bioelectrochemical processes in different structures of the hypothalamic and limbic system: medial preoptic area, ventromedial nucleus, posterior hypothalamic area, basal and lateral amygdalas, hippocampus, nucleus coeruleus as well as in central nucleus of the suture. The space-temporal pattern of neurodynamic changes in the subcortical brain structures has been found. These changes correlated with developmental characteristics of the Brown-Pierce carcinoma.

Results of the treatment of spontaneous pulmonary metastases by immunocorrection after tumour resection in mice and the analysis of antimetastatic activity of spleen macrophages (SM) by the method of adoptive transfer are presented. The injection of cytotoxic SM, NK-cells or the use of the biological response (lipid A and MDP-PE) modifiers cause no decrease in the number of lung metastases. The SM of operated mice, as distinct from the SM of immunocorrected mice causes the metastatic spreading in lungs of recipient mice. This effect is supposed to be mediated by the suppressor macrophages secreting prostaglandin E2 (PgE2). The treatment of mice with indometacin (inhibitor of the PgE2-synthesis) in the drinking water resulted in the 7-8-fold decrease in the number of lung metastases in operated mice.

No correlation between the sensitivity to induction of liver tumours by ortho-aminoazotoluene and predisposition to spontaneous development of these tumours was found in mice. Under crossing the predisposition to spontaneous tumours was inherited dominantly, while sensitivity to their induction was inherited by the intermediate type. Spontaneous hepatomas were more frequent in males, whereas induced onesin females of the same genotype.

The influence of the presence of antilymphocyte IgG autoantibodies (ALA) from sera of haematologic patients and human retrovirus-infected ones was studied by determination of the cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) activity in mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC). Suppressive effects of ALA were shown at different levels. For initial 48 h of MLC in the presence of ALA the inhibition of antigen presentation by monocytes was identified and such ALA activity was adsorbed by stimulated lymphocytes. Moreover ALA induced production of soluble nondializable suppressive factors as well. The latest effects were linked to IL2-dependent lymphocyte proliferation as a result of the presence of anti-IL2R autoantibodies in the spectrum of ALA. No differences between effects of ALA from serum specimens of the used groups of patients and subjects have been detected.

Sensitivity of blood lymphocytes to the stimulating effect of met-enkephalin and dopamine was shown to decrease at late stages of the gastric cancer (IIIB-IV) or in the case of metastases to other organs, while to the inhibitory effect of serotonin it increased as compared to early stages (I-IIA). Using specific blockers of opioid, dopamine and serotonin receptors it was shown that these effects were mediated through stimulation of respective type receptors.

The results of the study of primary morphological manifestation of neuroleukemia (MMN) by mice with transplanting leukemia strains L 1210, P-388, L 5178Y, and are presented. It is determined that the MMN development degree depends on the leukemia cells dissemination amplitude after their transplantation and, in particular, on the degree of the bone-marrow affection, from which the leukemia cells grow into the dura mater encephali and epidural fat of the vertebral canal from the side of skull bones and vertebral canal. The analogous dependence is assumed to be present in a man and, therefore, there appears the possibility of using it for the neuroleukemia development frequency prognosing.

Prostaglandins (PG) are studied for their effect on the activity of natural killer cells (NKC) under the tumour growth. The interaction of PG with other regulators of the NKC activity (interferons, interleukins) is considered.

Cervical preparations from 89 women were studied for antigen associated with squamous-cell cervical cancer (SCCC) by the indirect immunofluorescence method. The antigen was revealed specifically in 77.8% of samples of SCCC (stages Ib, II and III) in 64.3% of samples of cancer (in situ and stage Ia) in 55.5% of samples of displasia (stages II and III) and in 17.2% of samples from tumours of other organs. In samples of 9 healthy women the antigen was not revealed. Thus, the detection of antigen associated with SCCC may be useful in elaboration of adjuvant diagnostic and prognostic tests.

Water solutions of adriblastin, dactinomycin, rosevin, methotrexate, cisplatin, sarcolysine, rubomycin, cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil or ftorafur were combined with dextran ferrite. The obtained compositions were injected i.p. to BDF1 mice 24 hours after they were inoculated with one million of murine P388 leukemic cells. Antitumor activity was fully retained for each of these agents in combination with dextran ferrite.