Pub Date : 1988-12-01DOI: 10.1080/08940630.1988.10466493
J C Pau, J E Knoll, M R Midgett
{"title":"Evaluation of a process gas chromatograph as a continuous emission monitor for benzene and vinyl chloride.","authors":"J C Pau, J E Knoll, M R Midgett","doi":"10.1080/08940630.1988.10466493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08940630.1988.10466493","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77731,"journal":{"name":"JAPCA","volume":"38 12","pages":"1528-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08940630.1988.10466493","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14372590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-11-01DOI: 10.1080/08940630.1988.10466484
B A Boomer, T P Dux, D J March
Many organizations and their consultants are involved in sampling programs to characterize waste streams and materials at industrial facilities. Due to financial limitations, calendar deadlines, or other practical restrictions, a short-term, survey-type sampling plan (“sampling survey”) may need to he implemented. Survey results can he used to determine if the wastes are hazardous or if they are being managed in accordance with applicable regulations. This paper brings together practical experience and diverse information to identify the major concerns in conducting sampling surveys and to suggest methods of approaching these concerns. The paper addresses sampling in time and space, “correct” sampling to minimize bias, selecting equipment to minimize contamination, sample handling, and quality assurance/quality control. Even a quick sampling survey can be a high quality effort with a careful approach to the critical issues.
{"title":"Planning and conducting sampling surveys of hazardous wastes at industrial facilities.","authors":"B A Boomer, T P Dux, D J March","doi":"10.1080/08940630.1988.10466484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08940630.1988.10466484","url":null,"abstract":"Many organizations and their consultants are involved in sampling programs to characterize waste streams and materials at industrial facilities. Due to financial limitations, calendar deadlines, or other practical restrictions, a short-term, survey-type sampling plan (“sampling survey”) may need to he implemented. Survey results can he used to determine if the wastes are hazardous or if they are being managed in accordance with applicable regulations. This paper brings together practical experience and diverse information to identify the major concerns in conducting sampling surveys and to suggest methods of approaching these concerns. The paper addresses sampling in time and space, “correct” sampling to minimize bias, selecting equipment to minimize contamination, sample handling, and quality assurance/quality control. Even a quick sampling survey can be a high quality effort with a careful approach to the critical issues.","PeriodicalId":77731,"journal":{"name":"JAPCA","volume":"38 11","pages":"1426-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08940630.1988.10466484","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14364037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-11-01DOI: 10.1080/08940630.1988.10466476
P W Fisher, R M Currie, R J Churchill
On July 1, 1988, thousands of plants throughout the United States were required to submit R Forms presenting estimates of releases to the atmosphere, waste-water, and solid waste during 1987 of toxic chemicals listed under Section 313 of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) of 1986. Because this is an annual reporting requirement, the paper will present recommendations, based upon Dames and Moore's experience in developing toxic chemical releases for a wide variety of facilities, to improve the accuracy of these release estimates for future submissions. These recommendations will be centered on ways in which each plant can assure, organize, and collect appropriate data with which to make the toxic chemical release estimates. In addition, the paper will recommend and provide supporting rationale for each plant's assessing the impact on air quality of the atmospheric releases reported on the R Forms. While this is not required, it is information which is invaluable in communicating to the public the impact of these releases and in responding to inquiries from the press and environmental groups. In undertaking this assessment, a step-by-step procedure beginning with low coast screening dispersion modeling analyses will be presented.
{"title":"SARA Title III, Section 313--looking ahead.","authors":"P W Fisher, R M Currie, R J Churchill","doi":"10.1080/08940630.1988.10466476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08940630.1988.10466476","url":null,"abstract":"On July 1, 1988, thousands of plants throughout the United States were required to submit R Forms presenting estimates of releases to the atmosphere, waste-water, and solid waste during 1987 of toxic chemicals listed under Section 313 of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) of 1986. Because this is an annual reporting requirement, the paper will present recommendations, based upon Dames and Moore's experience in developing toxic chemical releases for a wide variety of facilities, to improve the accuracy of these release estimates for future submissions. These recommendations will be centered on ways in which each plant can assure, organize, and collect appropriate data with which to make the toxic chemical release estimates. In addition, the paper will recommend and provide supporting rationale for each plant's assessing the impact on air quality of the atmospheric releases reported on the R Forms. While this is not required, it is information which is invaluable in communicating to the public the impact of these releases and in responding to inquiries from the press and environmental groups. In undertaking this assessment, a step-by-step procedure beginning with low coast screening dispersion modeling analyses will be presented.","PeriodicalId":77731,"journal":{"name":"JAPCA","volume":"38 11","pages":"1376-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08940630.1988.10466476","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14364031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-11-01DOI: 10.1080/08940630.1988.10466482
A L Dresser
Telluride is a resort community located in southwest Colorado at an altitude of 8800 feet above sea-level. The town is situated in the San Miguel Valley near the end of a box canyon surrounded on three sides by mountains. Telluride's permanent population of 1200 can increase to an overnight population of over 4000 during peak ski periods. With the promulgation of a new PM-10 standard in July 1987, Telluride was categorized as a nonattainment Group I PM-10 area. The technical analysis performed to meet the PM-10 Group I State Implementation Plan (SIP) requirements has been described in detail. A brief summary of that analysis which looked at the wintertime problem is presented. The vertical particulate profiles taken in west Telluride consistently showed a well-mixed layer up to 14 m, which corresponds approximately to the maximum plume height of woodsmoke emissions. Above this height, concentrations decreased and reached background levels of about 35 m. Temperature profiles taken concurrently with the particulate data showed temperature inversions had little impact on the mixing depth during stable, drainage conditions. The findings of the DRI study were incorporated into the dispersion modeling in the form of mixing heights and by modifying the vertical profile ofmore » particulates in a box. The uniform distribution initially assumed by the model was modified to that which was observed.« less
{"title":"A dispersion and receptor model analysis of a western community's PM-10 problem.","authors":"A L Dresser","doi":"10.1080/08940630.1988.10466482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08940630.1988.10466482","url":null,"abstract":"Telluride is a resort community located in southwest Colorado at an altitude of 8800 feet above sea-level. The town is situated in the San Miguel Valley near the end of a box canyon surrounded on three sides by mountains. Telluride's permanent population of 1200 can increase to an overnight population of over 4000 during peak ski periods. With the promulgation of a new PM-10 standard in July 1987, Telluride was categorized as a nonattainment Group I PM-10 area. The technical analysis performed to meet the PM-10 Group I State Implementation Plan (SIP) requirements has been described in detail. A brief summary of that analysis which looked at the wintertime problem is presented. The vertical particulate profiles taken in west Telluride consistently showed a well-mixed layer up to 14 m, which corresponds approximately to the maximum plume height of woodsmoke emissions. Above this height, concentrations decreased and reached background levels of about 35 m. Temperature profiles taken concurrently with the particulate data showed temperature inversions had little impact on the mixing depth during stable, drainage conditions. The findings of the DRI study were incorporated into the dispersion modeling in the form of mixing heights and by modifying the vertical profile ofmore » particulates in a box. The uniform distribution initially assumed by the model was modified to that which was observed.« less","PeriodicalId":77731,"journal":{"name":"JAPCA","volume":"38 11","pages":"1419-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08940630.1988.10466482","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14364035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-11-01DOI: 10.1080/08940630.1988.10466477
J S Evans, N C Hawkins, J D Graham
In light of the recent publicity about the adverse health effects of radon gas, many citizens and government officials are considering whether or not to monitor for radon in homes. This paper presents a formal decision analysis of the monitoring dilemma from the perspective of hypothesized homeowners. The analysis considers the costs of radon monitoring and control, the carcinogenic risks of radon exposure, the demographics of household size, and a hypothetical homeowner's knowledge of radon exposure levels—with and without the benefit of specific monitoring data. Since monitoring every home in the United States would be quite expensive, the analysis reveals some more efficient monitoring strategies that might be employed by citizens and government officials. While the paper presents a new analytic perspective in the monitoring problem, the results should not be considered definitive. Further study is necessary to clarify precisely what is known about radon exposure, health effects, and control strategies.
{"title":"The value of monitoring for radon in the home: a decision analysis.","authors":"J S Evans, N C Hawkins, J D Graham","doi":"10.1080/08940630.1988.10466477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08940630.1988.10466477","url":null,"abstract":"In light of the recent publicity about the adverse health effects of radon gas, many citizens and government officials are considering whether or not to monitor for radon in homes. This paper presents a formal decision analysis of the monitoring dilemma from the perspective of hypothesized homeowners. The analysis considers the costs of radon monitoring and control, the carcinogenic risks of radon exposure, the demographics of household size, and a hypothetical homeowner's knowledge of radon exposure levels—with and without the benefit of specific monitoring data. Since monitoring every home in the United States would be quite expensive, the analysis reveals some more efficient monitoring strategies that might be employed by citizens and government officials. While the paper presents a new analytic perspective in the monitoring problem, the results should not be considered definitive. Further study is necessary to clarify precisely what is known about radon exposure, health effects, and control strategies.","PeriodicalId":77731,"journal":{"name":"JAPCA","volume":"38 11","pages":"1380-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08940630.1988.10466477","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14364032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-11-01DOI: 10.1080/08940630.1988.10466483
W M Toy
Waste minimization in the automotive repair industry is characterized by the large numbers of small quantity generators (SQG) producing solvent, alkaline and detergent hazardous wastes. On-site management of multiple processes which vary depending on the size of shop make the administration of hazardous waste policies particularly complex. This paper presents the quantities and types of hazardous materials typically produced. Guidelines are presented to allow generators to organize a waste minimization program.
{"title":"Hazardous waste minimization: Part IX. Waste minimization in the automotive repair industry.","authors":"W M Toy","doi":"10.1080/08940630.1988.10466483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08940630.1988.10466483","url":null,"abstract":"Waste minimization in the automotive repair industry is characterized by the large numbers of small quantity generators (SQG) producing solvent, alkaline and detergent hazardous wastes. On-site management of multiple processes which vary depending on the size of shop make the administration of hazardous waste policies particularly complex. This paper presents the quantities and types of hazardous materials typically produced. Guidelines are presented to allow generators to organize a waste minimization program.","PeriodicalId":77731,"journal":{"name":"JAPCA","volume":"38 11","pages":"1422-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08940630.1988.10466483","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14364036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-11-01DOI: 10.1080/08940630.1988.10466478
W A Crawford
The health of populations in industrialized societies has been affected for many years by ambient air pollutants presenting a threat of chronic bronchitis and lung cancer. In the 1980s indoor pollutants received much needed investigation to assess their hazards to health. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and radon is now the subject of much research and concern. This review attempts to put some perspective on lung cancer that is attributable to lifetime exposure to airborne pollutants. The view is expressed that air pollution control authorities have played and are playing a major role in health improvement.
{"title":"On air pollution, environmental tobacco smoke, radon, and lung cancer.","authors":"W A Crawford","doi":"10.1080/08940630.1988.10466478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08940630.1988.10466478","url":null,"abstract":"The health of populations in industrialized societies has been affected for many years by ambient air pollutants presenting a threat of chronic bronchitis and lung cancer. In the 1980s indoor pollutants received much needed investigation to assess their hazards to health. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and radon is now the subject of much research and concern. This review attempts to put some perspective on lung cancer that is attributable to lifetime exposure to airborne pollutants. The view is expressed that air pollution control authorities have played and are playing a major role in health improvement.","PeriodicalId":77731,"journal":{"name":"JAPCA","volume":"38 11","pages":"1386-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08940630.1988.10466478","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14202256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-11-01DOI: 10.1080/08940630.1988.10466480
S Silberstein, R A Grot, K Ishiguro, J L Mulligan
This paper describes a laboratory project to assess the accuracy of emission and indoor air quality models to be used in predicting formaldehyde (HCHO) concentrations in residences due to pressed-wood products made with urea-formaldehyde bonding resins. The products tested were partlcleboard underlayment, hardwood- plywood paneling and medium-density fiberboard (mdf). The products were initially characterized in chambers by measuring their formaldehyde surface emission rates over a range of formaldehyde concentrations, air exchange rates and two combinations of temperature and relative humidity (23° C and 5 0% RH; 26°C and 60% RH). They were then installed in a two-room prototype house in three different combinations (underlayment flooring only; underlayment flooring and paneling; and underlayment flooring, paneling, and mdf). The equilibrium formaldehyde concentrations were monitored as a function of air exchange rate. Particleboard underlayment and mdf, but not paneling, behaved as the emission model pr...
{"title":"Validation of models for predicting formaldehyde concentrations in residences due to pressed-wood products.","authors":"S Silberstein, R A Grot, K Ishiguro, J L Mulligan","doi":"10.1080/08940630.1988.10466480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08940630.1988.10466480","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a laboratory project to assess the accuracy of emission and indoor air quality models to be used in predicting formaldehyde (HCHO) concentrations in residences due to pressed-wood products made with urea-formaldehyde bonding resins. The products tested were partlcleboard underlayment, hardwood- plywood paneling and medium-density fiberboard (mdf). The products were initially characterized in chambers by measuring their formaldehyde surface emission rates over a range of formaldehyde concentrations, air exchange rates and two combinations of temperature and relative humidity (23° C and 5 0% RH; 26°C and 60% RH). They were then installed in a two-room prototype house in three different combinations (underlayment flooring only; underlayment flooring and paneling; and underlayment flooring, paneling, and mdf). The equilibrium formaldehyde concentrations were monitored as a function of air exchange rate. Particleboard underlayment and mdf, but not paneling, behaved as the emission model pr...","PeriodicalId":77731,"journal":{"name":"JAPCA","volume":"38 11","pages":"1403-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08940630.1988.10466480","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14364034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-11-01DOI: 10.1080/08940630.1988.10466475
M H Levin
This article surveys selected state programs in an attempt to go beyond data in EPA's National Air Toxics Information Clearinghouse (NATICH). It concludes that emergent state regulatory efforts are shaped by, but separable from, EPA's dual struggle to clarify complex statutory provisions and to manage nationwide programs rather than operate those programs or be charged with destruction through delegation. It also concludes that these state programs will be profoundly affected by a related development-the growing use of strategies that rest on broad public disclosure to reduce toxic emissions or releases, relying on sunlight instead of rules or permits as the primary environmental tool. Both these trends-toward new types of state regulatory programs and nonregulatory public disclosure of toxic releases-seek to avoid the cumbersome, costly catch-ups of conventional regulation. And both seem sure to continue, for they are elicited by the third generation nature of the toxics problem itself. They suggest how environmental protection is likely to evolve in analogous areas over the coming years.
{"title":"State and federal air toxics developments: disclosure strategies overtake regulation.","authors":"M H Levin","doi":"10.1080/08940630.1988.10466475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08940630.1988.10466475","url":null,"abstract":"This article surveys selected state programs in an attempt to go beyond data in EPA's National Air Toxics Information Clearinghouse (NATICH). It concludes that emergent state regulatory efforts are shaped by, but separable from, EPA's dual struggle to clarify complex statutory provisions and to manage nationwide programs rather than operate those programs or be charged with destruction through delegation. It also concludes that these state programs will be profoundly affected by a related development-the growing use of strategies that rest on broad public disclosure to reduce toxic emissions or releases, relying on sunlight instead of rules or permits as the primary environmental tool. Both these trends-toward new types of state regulatory programs and nonregulatory public disclosure of toxic releases-seek to avoid the cumbersome, costly catch-ups of conventional regulation. And both seem sure to continue, for they are elicited by the third generation nature of the toxics problem itself. They suggest how environmental protection is likely to evolve in analogous areas over the coming years.","PeriodicalId":77731,"journal":{"name":"JAPCA","volume":"38 11","pages":"1371-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08940630.1988.10466475","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14364030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-11-01DOI: 10.1080/08940630.1988.10466479
I Olmez, A E Sheffield, G E Gordon, J E Houck, L C Pritchett, J A Cooper, T G Dzubay, R L Bennett
As a part of a receptor model study of the Philadelphia, PA atmosphere, particulate samples were collected from seven air pollution sources in the area: two oil-fired power plants, a coal-fired power plant, a fluidized catalytic cracker, a refuse incinerator, a secondary aluminum smelter and an antimony ore roaster. Samples were collected in two size fractions with a dilution source sampler connected to a modified dichotomous sampler. Masses of collected material were determined gravimetrically. Samples were analyzed for elements by x-ray fluorescence followed by instrumental neutron activation analysis of some samples. Other samples were analyzed by chemical methods for volatile and nonvolatile carbon, SO/sub 4//sup 2/minus// and NH/sub 4//sup +/. Data are presented for up to 46 elements and species on fine (<2.5- ..mu..m aerodynamic equivalent diameter) and coarse (2.5 ..mu..m < diam < 7-10 ..mu..m) particles from each source. Although the data were collected for use in Philadelphia, they should be of value for receptor modeling of other areas having similar sources. The most unexpected results were the large amounts of rare earth elements on particles from the catalytic cracker and the oil-fired power plants. Substantial amounts of primary SO/sub 4//sup 2/minus// are released from the oil-fired plants, themore » SO/sub 4//sup 2/minus// concentrations accounting for 40-45 percent of the fine particulate mass.« less
{"title":"Compositions of particles from selected sources in Philadelphia for receptor modeling applications.","authors":"I Olmez, A E Sheffield, G E Gordon, J E Houck, L C Pritchett, J A Cooper, T G Dzubay, R L Bennett","doi":"10.1080/08940630.1988.10466479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08940630.1988.10466479","url":null,"abstract":"As a part of a receptor model study of the Philadelphia, PA atmosphere, particulate samples were collected from seven air pollution sources in the area: two oil-fired power plants, a coal-fired power plant, a fluidized catalytic cracker, a refuse incinerator, a secondary aluminum smelter and an antimony ore roaster. Samples were collected in two size fractions with a dilution source sampler connected to a modified dichotomous sampler. Masses of collected material were determined gravimetrically. Samples were analyzed for elements by x-ray fluorescence followed by instrumental neutron activation analysis of some samples. Other samples were analyzed by chemical methods for volatile and nonvolatile carbon, SO/sub 4//sup 2/minus// and NH/sub 4//sup +/. Data are presented for up to 46 elements and species on fine (<2.5- ..mu..m aerodynamic equivalent diameter) and coarse (2.5 ..mu..m < diam < 7-10 ..mu..m) particles from each source. Although the data were collected for use in Philadelphia, they should be of value for receptor modeling of other areas having similar sources. The most unexpected results were the large amounts of rare earth elements on particles from the catalytic cracker and the oil-fired power plants. Substantial amounts of primary SO/sub 4//sup 2/minus// are released from the oil-fired plants, themore » SO/sub 4//sup 2/minus// concentrations accounting for 40-45 percent of the fine particulate mass.« less","PeriodicalId":77731,"journal":{"name":"JAPCA","volume":"38 11","pages":"1392-402"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08940630.1988.10466479","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14364033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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