Pub Date : 1989-01-01DOI: 10.1177/104345428900600103
A T Meadows
Anna T. Meadows, MD, is a Senior Physician in the Department of Medicine and Director of Epidemiology, Etiology, and Genetics at the Children’s Cancer Research Centerat Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Professor of Pediatrics in the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Of the various late complications of cancer therapy, none is more serious or devastating than the development of a second malignant neoplasm (SMN). Studies have demonstrated that, as with adults who have cancer, children are also at increased risk of developing SMN.’-’ In general, the risk is estimated to be at least ten times greater than the cancer incidence among age-matched individuals. In addition, since large numbers of cured children have not yet experienced life spans approaching that expected in the general population, the total life-time cancer incidence is not yet known. However, all childhood cancer survivors are not equally susceptible. Specific treatment modalities and defined host conditions have been associated
{"title":"Second malignant neoplasms in childhood cancer survivors.","authors":"A T Meadows","doi":"10.1177/104345428900600103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/104345428900600103","url":null,"abstract":"Anna T. Meadows, MD, is a Senior Physician in the Department of Medicine and Director of Epidemiology, Etiology, and Genetics at the Children’s Cancer Research Centerat Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Professor of Pediatrics in the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Of the various late complications of cancer therapy, none is more serious or devastating than the development of a second malignant neoplasm (SMN). Studies have demonstrated that, as with adults who have cancer, children are also at increased risk of developing SMN.’-’ In general, the risk is estimated to be at least ten times greater than the cancer incidence among age-matched individuals. In addition, since large numbers of cured children have not yet experienced life spans approaching that expected in the general population, the total life-time cancer incidence is not yet known. However, all childhood cancer survivors are not equally susceptible. Specific treatment modalities and defined host conditions have been associated","PeriodicalId":77742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses","volume":"6 1","pages":"7-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/104345428900600103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13788839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-01-01DOI: 10.1177/104345428900600208
L Odom
Lorrie F. Odom, MD, is an Associate Professor of Pediatrics and Director of the Oncology/Hematology Division at the Children’s Hospital in Denver, Colorado. ~ The merging of evolving technologies and thera’ pies with the practice of pediatric oncology provides the foundation for exciting frontiers in this field. Major advances in basic science, diagnostic and prognostic techniques, therapeutic modalities, and supportive therapy all contribute to the future direction of pediatric oncology. Immunology and molecular biology are two areas of basic science in which rapid progress is especially relevant to this field. Increased understanding of hematopoiesis and cellular and humoral immunity makes possible the specific manipulation or augmentation of these mechanisms using, for example, biologic response modifiers, cytotoxic T cells, or passive administration of immunoglobulins. Burgeoning development in molecular biology, with improved understanding of cell proliferation, chromosome fragile sites and non-random breakpoints, proto-oncogenes, and mapping and function of specific genes, is contributing to the understand-
{"title":"New directions in childhood cancer therapy.","authors":"L Odom","doi":"10.1177/104345428900600208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/104345428900600208","url":null,"abstract":"Lorrie F. Odom, MD, is an Associate Professor of Pediatrics and Director of the Oncology/Hematology Division at the Children’s Hospital in Denver, Colorado. ~ The merging of evolving technologies and thera’ pies with the practice of pediatric oncology provides the foundation for exciting frontiers in this field. Major advances in basic science, diagnostic and prognostic techniques, therapeutic modalities, and supportive therapy all contribute to the future direction of pediatric oncology. Immunology and molecular biology are two areas of basic science in which rapid progress is especially relevant to this field. Increased understanding of hematopoiesis and cellular and humoral immunity makes possible the specific manipulation or augmentation of these mechanisms using, for example, biologic response modifiers, cytotoxic T cells, or passive administration of immunoglobulins. Burgeoning development in molecular biology, with improved understanding of cell proliferation, chromosome fragile sites and non-random breakpoints, proto-oncogenes, and mapping and function of specific genes, is contributing to the understand-","PeriodicalId":77742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses","volume":"6 2","pages":"18-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/104345428900600208","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13877901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-01-01DOI: 10.1177/104345428900600102
T L Russell
{"title":"The patient failed therapy.","authors":"T L Russell","doi":"10.1177/104345428900600102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/104345428900600102","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses","volume":"6 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/104345428900600102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14058134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-01-01DOI: 10.1177/104345428900600214
J Pearson
{"title":"A wilderness program for adolescents with cancer.","authors":"J Pearson","doi":"10.1177/104345428900600214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/104345428900600214","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses","volume":"6 2","pages":"24-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/104345428900600214","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13877906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-01-01DOI: 10.1177/104345428900600233
T J Aitken
{"title":"Overview of antiemetic use in children receiving chemotherapy.","authors":"T J Aitken","doi":"10.1177/104345428900600233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/104345428900600233","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses","volume":"6 2","pages":"38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/104345428900600233","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13803810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-01-01DOI: 10.1177/104345428900600234
W Hobbie
{"title":"Late effects of childhood cancer: a program approach.","authors":"W Hobbie","doi":"10.1177/104345428900600234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/104345428900600234","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses","volume":"6 2","pages":"39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/104345428900600234","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13687936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-01-01DOI: 10.1177/104345428900600209
M Morse
Immunologic manipulation will see a resurgence in the next decade and will be more specific than in the 1970’s. Lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cells, biologic response modifiers such as interferon and the interleukens, and radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies are examples of these techniques. Other therapeutic modalities which show promising results in certain tumor systems in the adult population are hyperthermia, both direct and extracorporeal, and photodynamic therapy. The latter is
{"title":"Lymphoma: history, therapy and management of effects.","authors":"M Morse","doi":"10.1177/104345428900600209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/104345428900600209","url":null,"abstract":"Immunologic manipulation will see a resurgence in the next decade and will be more specific than in the 1970’s. Lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cells, biologic response modifiers such as interferon and the interleukens, and radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies are examples of these techniques. Other therapeutic modalities which show promising results in certain tumor systems in the adult population are hyperthermia, both direct and extracorporeal, and photodynamic therapy. The latter is","PeriodicalId":77742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses","volume":"6 2","pages":"19-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/104345428900600209","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13803807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-01-01DOI: 10.1177/104345428900600237
D Betcher, N Burnham
{"title":"Interferons.","authors":"D Betcher, N Burnham","doi":"10.1177/104345428900600237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/104345428900600237","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses","volume":"6 2","pages":"43-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/104345428900600237","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13803812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-01-01DOI: 10.1177/104345428900600210
J W Cullen
John W. Cullen, MD, is a Pediatric Oncologist at Children’s Hospital in Denver, Colorado. The optimal utilization of a chemotherapeutic agent depends on an understanding of the factors involved in absorption, distribution, biotransformation, cellular uptake, method of action and routes of excretion. This presentation gave a brief introduction to these concepts. The treatment of childhood cancer usually involves the use of multiple drugs. The use of drugs from different classes with different methods of action theoretically would give a higher chance of cell kill. The classes of drugs most frequently used in childhood cancer therapy are antimetabolites, alkylating agents, antibiotics, antistathmokinetic agents and some miscellaneous drugs. Antimetabolites may interfere with DNA, RNA or protein synthesis. Thioguanine and 6-mercaptopurine are examples of antimetabolites which interfere with proper production of DNA. Alkylating agents such as nitrogen mustard and cyclophosphamide bind from one chain of DNA to another. This process known as intercalation interferes with separation of the chains, subsequent replication and division. Daunomycin, an antibiotic, also intercalates within the DNA strands while Bleomycin causes scission of the strands. Vincristine is an antistathmokinetic agent. It destroys the ability of the chromosomes to retract from the center of a cell
{"title":"Pharmacokinetics of chemotherapy.","authors":"J W Cullen","doi":"10.1177/104345428900600210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/104345428900600210","url":null,"abstract":"John W. Cullen, MD, is a Pediatric Oncologist at Children’s Hospital in Denver, Colorado. The optimal utilization of a chemotherapeutic agent depends on an understanding of the factors involved in absorption, distribution, biotransformation, cellular uptake, method of action and routes of excretion. This presentation gave a brief introduction to these concepts. The treatment of childhood cancer usually involves the use of multiple drugs. The use of drugs from different classes with different methods of action theoretically would give a higher chance of cell kill. The classes of drugs most frequently used in childhood cancer therapy are antimetabolites, alkylating agents, antibiotics, antistathmokinetic agents and some miscellaneous drugs. Antimetabolites may interfere with DNA, RNA or protein synthesis. Thioguanine and 6-mercaptopurine are examples of antimetabolites which interfere with proper production of DNA. Alkylating agents such as nitrogen mustard and cyclophosphamide bind from one chain of DNA to another. This process known as intercalation interferes with separation of the chains, subsequent replication and division. Daunomycin, an antibiotic, also intercalates within the DNA strands while Bleomycin causes scission of the strands. Vincristine is an antistathmokinetic agent. It destroys the ability of the chromosomes to retract from the center of a cell","PeriodicalId":77742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses","volume":"6 2","pages":"21-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/104345428900600210","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13877903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-01-01DOI: 10.1177/104345428900600227
G V Foley
{"title":"You have been asked to present a paper.","authors":"G V Foley","doi":"10.1177/104345428900600227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/104345428900600227","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses","volume":"6 2","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/104345428900600227","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13618129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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