Pub Date : 1988-01-01DOI: 10.1177/104345428800500124
D Fochtman
{"title":"Camps for children with cancer.","authors":"D Fochtman","doi":"10.1177/104345428800500124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/104345428800500124","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses","volume":"5 1-2","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/104345428800500124","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14512149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-01-01DOI: 10.1177/104345428800500407
C L Walker
Carolyn L. Walker, RN, PhD, is an Assistant Professor in the School of Nursing at San Diego State University in San Diego, California. Dr. Walker is Chairperson of the APON Research Committee. There are many methodological problems encountered when doing research involving childhood cancers. Childhood cancer, in general, is a rare group of diseases which result in a relatively small sample population. To study a specific type of cancer such
{"title":"An invitation for collaborative research.","authors":"C L Walker","doi":"10.1177/104345428800500407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/104345428800500407","url":null,"abstract":"Carolyn L. Walker, RN, PhD, is an Assistant Professor in the School of Nursing at San Diego State University in San Diego, California. Dr. Walker is Chairperson of the APON Research Committee. There are many methodological problems encountered when doing research involving childhood cancers. Childhood cancer, in general, is a rare group of diseases which result in a relatively small sample population. To study a specific type of cancer such","PeriodicalId":77742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses","volume":"5 4","pages":"24-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/104345428800500407","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14332463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-01-01DOI: 10.1177/104345428800500107
K Scharer
{"title":"Care for the care-giver.","authors":"K Scharer","doi":"10.1177/104345428800500107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/104345428800500107","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses","volume":"5 1-2","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/104345428800500107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14418511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-01-01DOI: 10.1177/104345428800500103
J T Burklow, B D Blumberg, J K Laufer, M Cosgrove, M Adams-Greenly, S M Kranstuber
{"title":"The use of formative evaluation methods in the development of patient/family educational materials.","authors":"J T Burklow, B D Blumberg, J K Laufer, M Cosgrove, M Adams-Greenly, S M Kranstuber","doi":"10.1177/104345428800500103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/104345428800500103","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses","volume":"5 1-2","pages":"12-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/104345428800500103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14512136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-01-01DOI: 10.1177/104345428800500108
M N Brush, G Kellberg
{"title":"New Practitioner Workshop.","authors":"M N Brush, G Kellberg","doi":"10.1177/104345428800500108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/104345428800500108","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses","volume":"5 1-2","pages":"25-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/104345428800500108","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14512139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-01-01DOI: 10.1177/104345428800500126
C L Walker
Carolyn L. Walker, RN, PhD, is an Assistant Professor in the School of Nursing at San Diego State University in San Diego, California. Historical Perspective The need for guidelines to protect human research subjects originated from the trials of Nazi physicians in Nuremberg. The major defense for those physicians was that they were conducting important scientific research. In an effort to judge their conduct against standards for clinical research, Dr. Andrew Ivy wrote a code of ethics for scientific experimentation. The code of ethics was accepted by the Nuremberg court and is now known as the &dquo;Nuremberg Laws.&dquo; The Articles of the Nuremberg Tribunal provide ethical guidelines for: (1) the proper nature and design. of medical research; (2) the qualifications, duties and responsibility of the investigator ; and (3) protection of the rights of human subjects.
{"title":"Informed consent with children.","authors":"C L Walker","doi":"10.1177/104345428800500126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/104345428800500126","url":null,"abstract":"Carolyn L. Walker, RN, PhD, is an Assistant Professor in the School of Nursing at San Diego State University in San Diego, California. Historical Perspective The need for guidelines to protect human research subjects originated from the trials of Nazi physicians in Nuremberg. The major defense for those physicians was that they were conducting important scientific research. In an effort to judge their conduct against standards for clinical research, Dr. Andrew Ivy wrote a code of ethics for scientific experimentation. The code of ethics was accepted by the Nuremberg court and is now known as the &dquo;Nuremberg Laws.&dquo; The Articles of the Nuremberg Tribunal provide ethical guidelines for: (1) the proper nature and design. of medical research; (2) the qualifications, duties and responsibility of the investigator ; and (3) protection of the rights of human subjects.","PeriodicalId":77742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses","volume":"5 1-2","pages":"38-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/104345428800500126","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14512150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-01-01DOI: 10.1177/104345428800500307
J Adams
Jeanette Adams, RN, DrPH, is an Assistant Professor in the School of Nursing at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Texas. Dr. Adams is a member of the APON Research Committee. Although this is a typical question posed when considering the development of a research study, there are no easy answers. In many statistical texts, the mere computation of sample size is enough to discourage the aspiring investigator! While requirements related to numbers of subjects vary by the specialty field and are influenced by the research questions, design and feasibility issues, the basic reason for the concern with sample size, in quantitative studies at least, is having adequate numbers of observations to support statistical analysis of the data. There are commonly held &dquo;rules of thumb&dquo; which offer some general guidance, such as having approximately twenty subjects per variable or having at least five observations in each &dquo;cefl&dquo; of data. Because of the impetus to develop a more researchbased practice, ways to more scientifically determine sample size have received increasing attention. Power analysis’ is a concept that has proven useful in this endeavor and will be briefly discussed. The power of a statistical test is related to the concept of Type I and Type II error. A Type I error is rejection of the null hypothesis when it is true, i.e., stating that a significant result has occurred when it actually has not. The probability of Type I error is the Alpha level of significance allowed. A Type II er-
{"title":"How many subjects do I need to?","authors":"J Adams","doi":"10.1177/104345428800500307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/104345428800500307","url":null,"abstract":"Jeanette Adams, RN, DrPH, is an Assistant Professor in the School of Nursing at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Texas. Dr. Adams is a member of the APON Research Committee. Although this is a typical question posed when considering the development of a research study, there are no easy answers. In many statistical texts, the mere computation of sample size is enough to discourage the aspiring investigator! While requirements related to numbers of subjects vary by the specialty field and are influenced by the research questions, design and feasibility issues, the basic reason for the concern with sample size, in quantitative studies at least, is having adequate numbers of observations to support statistical analysis of the data. There are commonly held &dquo;rules of thumb&dquo; which offer some general guidance, such as having approximately twenty subjects per variable or having at least five observations in each &dquo;cefl&dquo; of data. Because of the impetus to develop a more researchbased practice, ways to more scientifically determine sample size have received increasing attention. Power analysis’ is a concept that has proven useful in this endeavor and will be briefly discussed. The power of a statistical test is related to the concept of Type I and Type II error. A Type I error is rejection of the null hypothesis when it is true, i.e., stating that a significant result has occurred when it actually has not. The probability of Type I error is the Alpha level of significance allowed. A Type II er-","PeriodicalId":77742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses","volume":"5 3","pages":"29-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/104345428800500307","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14542707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-01-01DOI: 10.1177/104345428800500304
E Hammond
Elizabeth Hammond, RN, CPNP, was formerly at the Children’s Hospital of Alabama. She is presently with Pediatric OncologyHematology Associates, P.C. Atlanta, Georgia. As the clinical experience grows in the chemotherapeutic treatment of malignancies, side effects of the agents used are documented. One of the most frightening side effects for the patient and family is anaphylaxis which can be fatal. Nurses administering chemotherapy should anticipate the side effects of the agents used, and in the case of anaphylaxis, be prepared to intervene with speed and efficiency.
{"title":"Anaphylactic reactions to chemotherapeutic agents.","authors":"E Hammond","doi":"10.1177/104345428800500304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/104345428800500304","url":null,"abstract":"Elizabeth Hammond, RN, CPNP, was formerly at the Children’s Hospital of Alabama. She is presently with Pediatric OncologyHematology Associates, P.C. Atlanta, Georgia. As the clinical experience grows in the chemotherapeutic treatment of malignancies, side effects of the agents used are documented. One of the most frightening side effects for the patient and family is anaphylaxis which can be fatal. Nurses administering chemotherapy should anticipate the side effects of the agents used, and in the case of anaphylaxis, be prepared to intervene with speed and efficiency.","PeriodicalId":77742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses","volume":"5 3","pages":"16-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/104345428800500304","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14542705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-01-01DOI: 10.1177/104345428800500302
H A Williams
The diagnosis of childhood cancer invariably represents a crisis for the family unit. Multiple papers have been published since the 1960’s which describe the impact of this event on the individual and his family.&dquo; Individuals are not immune to the effects of problems experienced by other family members, nor do they generally resolve these issues independently.6 As a result all family members are a focus of concern when a child has cancer. How the family responds, and to what degree the family is able to successfully integrate the experience into their lives, may be a function of the adequacy of the family’s social network system as well as their perception of available social support. As nurses caring for these families, an understanding of the constructs of social support and social networks will allow us to focus our interventions toward maximizing an array of support for these families. This paper will address how these constructs are defined in the literature, how support has been viewed by families experiencing cancer and future research questions that are relevant to this discussion.
{"title":"Social support and social networks: a review of the literature.","authors":"H A Williams","doi":"10.1177/104345428800500302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/104345428800500302","url":null,"abstract":"The diagnosis of childhood cancer invariably represents a crisis for the family unit. Multiple papers have been published since the 1960’s which describe the impact of this event on the individual and his family.&dquo; Individuals are not immune to the effects of problems experienced by other family members, nor do they generally resolve these issues independently.6 As a result all family members are a focus of concern when a child has cancer. How the family responds, and to what degree the family is able to successfully integrate the experience into their lives, may be a function of the adequacy of the family’s social network system as well as their perception of available social support. As nurses caring for these families, an understanding of the constructs of social support and social networks will allow us to focus our interventions toward maximizing an array of support for these families. This paper will address how these constructs are defined in the literature, how support has been viewed by families experiencing cancer and future research questions that are relevant to this discussion.","PeriodicalId":77742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses","volume":"5 3","pages":"6-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/104345428800500302","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14179849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-01-01DOI: 10.1177/104345428800500125
L Z Abramowitz, B Baache
Linda Z. Abramovitz, RN, MSN, is Bone Narrow Transplant Clinical Specialist and Assistant Professor at the University of California at San Francisco. Bev Baache, RN, is Clinical Nurse III in the Pediatric BMT/ICU at the University of California at San Francisco. There is a high incidence of skin breakdown and impaired wound healing in the immunocompromised patient, especially in those who have received chemotherapy and/or total body irradiation for bone
{"title":"Management of skin care complications in pediatric bone marrow transplant patients: a nursing challenge.","authors":"L Z Abramowitz, B Baache","doi":"10.1177/104345428800500125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/104345428800500125","url":null,"abstract":"Linda Z. Abramovitz, RN, MSN, is Bone Narrow Transplant Clinical Specialist and Assistant Professor at the University of California at San Francisco. Bev Baache, RN, is Clinical Nurse III in the Pediatric BMT/ICU at the University of California at San Francisco. There is a high incidence of skin breakdown and impaired wound healing in the immunocompromised patient, especially in those who have received chemotherapy and/or total body irradiation for bone","PeriodicalId":77742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses","volume":"5 1-2","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/104345428800500125","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14418516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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