Annali di stomatologia最新文献

Background: The prevalence of oral diseases including dental caries and periodontal conditions is remarkably higher in people with disabilities. The provision of accessible oral health services for people with learning disabilities may be challenging.

Objectives: The objectives of the review were to identify barriers in accessing oral health care that persists within society, enabling or disabling people with learning disabilities.

Methods: Using the Arksey O'Malley framework, a scoping review was conducted on PubMed/Medline, OVIDSP, and EMBASE. Studies were evaluated and short-listed based on the inclusion criteria, which consisted of: (1) study participants or population with learning disabilities, (2) aged 16 years or over, (3) reporting on access to oral health services, (4) published in the English language. Those that justified the inclusion criteria were carefully chosen after a blind peer-reviewed process when relevance and quality were debated.

Results: Nine studies were eventually included from searches. Tabulation of data was done under the heading of study type, outcomes, the year of publication and patient selection. The majority of studies provided a biomedical overview of access for adults with learning disabilities.

Conclusions: The concept of access for people with disability is still ill-defined and obscure. Access to oral health care and needs of people with learning disabilities are complex and multi-facet.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the outcomes of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) "functional arthroplasty" on the inferior compartment and disc reposition as a surgical treatment for internal derangement (ID).

Patients and methods: By retrospective chart review, all patients who had TMJ surgery on the inferior compartment for TMJ ID from 1985 to 2010 were identified. Their charts were reviewed and subjective data as well as objective data was collected.

Results: The chart review yielded 352 patients treated through this approach for a total of 696 joints involved. Analysis of the data showed that there was a good health improvement. The mid VAS about pre surgical TMJ pain was 58.3, after surgery 7.7. About headache and cervical pain the pre surgery mid VAS was 47.7, after surgery 16.7.

Conclusions: Outcome data presented show that TMJ surgery on the inferior compartment and disc reposition could be an effective and successful surgical treatment of TMJ ID. This success has been seen and maintained also in long term follow up in this specific patient population. For this reason, we propose to call this procedure "functional arthroplasty".

The purpose of this study was to investigate the color samples (A2, A3 and B1) of three different brands of resin composites using dentine masses. 135 discs were prepared (5 plates for each thickness, color and brand of composite material). A colorimetric evaluation, using white and black background, was performed just after preparation. The color was measured corresponding to "Vita" scale and ΔL, Δa, Δb and ΔE values were calculated using a spectrophotometer. The results showed that Value, Chroma and Hue often differ even if the same commercial color and same thickness is used. In conclusion, this study showed that the perfect aesthetics restoration is possible combining individual abilities, experience and correct techniques.

Aim: To verify the tolerance of children aged between 3 and 8 years, having class I caries and treated with Er:YAG Laser in association with a new self-adhesive flowable resin in comparison with a high-speed diamond bur and a conventional flowable resin treatment.

Methods: A group of 80 healthy children (43 male and 37 female) ranging in age from 3 to 8 years, who had been diagnosed with at least one active occlusal non-cavitated superficial carious lesions in first or second deciduous molars, were selected for the present study. They were divided in 4 groups: group A: Class I occlusal cavities prepared using an Er:YAG laser and a self-adhesive flowable resin; Group B: Class I occlusal cavities prepared using an Er:YAG laser and a conventional flowable resin; Group C: Class I occlusal cavities prepared using a high-speed diamond bur and a self-adhesive flowable resin; Group D: Class I occlusal cavities prepared using a high-speed diamond bur and a conventional flowable resin. Before and after the treatments the patient tolerance was tested with the modified Wong-Baker pain level scale.

Results: In the first group, the tolerance rate was 95% with 0 score (no hurt) for 19 patients; in Group D, the tolerance rate was 75%. Just one child of group D experienced hurting worst because of non cooperative patient.

Conclusion: From these results it emerged that, although the limits of the study, Er:Yag laser in association with self-adhering composite, is very effective in pediatric dentistry and is a good treatment option especially for non cooperative patients.

Aim: Hydroxyapatite (PA) has a chemical composition and physical structure very similar to natural bone and therefore it has been considered to be the ideal biomaterial able to ensure a biomimetic scaffold to use in bone tissue engineering. The aim of this study is to clinically test hydroxyapatite used as osteoconductive biomaterial in the treatment of periodontal bone defects. Clinical and radiological evaluations were conducted at 6, 12 and 18 months after the surgery.

Materials and methods: Forty patients with 2- and 3-wall intrabony pockets were enrolled in this study. PPD, CAL, radiographic depth (RD) and angular defects were preoperatively measured. After surgery, patients were re-evaluated every 6 months for 18 months. Statistical analyses were also performed to investigate any differences between preoperative and postoperative measurements.

Results: Paired t-test samples conducted on the data obtained at baseline and 18 months after, showed significant (p<0.01) differences in each measurement performed. The role of preoperative RD was demonstrated to be a significant key factor (p<0.01). A relevant correlation between preoperative PPD and CAL gain was also found.

Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, the absence of anatomical variables, except the morphology of the bone defect, emphasizes the importance of the proper surgical approach and the graft material used.

Aim of this work was to qualitatively evaluate the interface between tooth, luting composite and lithium disilicate surface using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). An extracted restoration-free human molar was stored in physiological solution until it was embedded in an autopolimerysing acrylic resin. A standard preparation for overlay was completed and after preparation an anatomic overlay was waxed on the tooth and then hot pressed using lithium disilicate ceramic. After cementation the sample was dissected and the section was analysed using an Automatic Micromet (Remet s.a.s) and the section was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). SEM evaluation of the tooth showed the three layers seamlessly; by increasing the enlargement the interface did not change.

Aim: To determine and compare the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with a bulk fill flowable material (SDR) and a traditional resin composite.

Methods: Thirty maxillary and 30 mandibular first molars were selected based on similar dimensions. After cleaning, shaping and filling of the root canals and adhesive procedures, specimens were assigned to 3 subgroups for each tooth type (n=10): Group A: control group, including intact teeth; Group B: access cavities were restored with a traditional resin composite (EsthetX; Dentsply-Italy, Rome, Italy); Group C: access cavities were restored with a bulk fill flowable composite (SDR; Dentsply-Italy), except 1.5 mm layer of the occlusal surface that was restored with the same resin composite as Group B. The specimens were subjected to compressive force in a material static-testing machine until fracture occurred, the maximum fracture load of the specimens was measured (N) and the type of fracture was recorded as favorable or unfavorable. Data were statistically analyzed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni tests (P<0.05).

Results: No statistically significant differences were found among groups (P<0.05). Fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with a traditional resin composite and with a bulk fill flowable composite (SDR) was similar in both maxillary and mandibular molars and showed no significant decrease in fracture resistance compared to intact specimens.

Conclusions: No significant difference was observed in the mechanical fracture resistance of endodontically treated molars restored with traditional resin composite restorations compared to bulk fill flowable composite restorations.

Aim: The goal of the study was to compare the ability of two different carrier based obturation (CBO) techniques to reach working length and fill in three-dimensions root canal systems, by using CBCT.

Materials and methods: Twenty-six extracted molars were scanned with CBCT and 40 curved canals were selected (between 30° and 90°) and divided in two similar groups (n=20). All canals were prepared up to size 25 taper .06 using nickel-titanium instrumentation. The canals in the Group SC were obturated using Soft-Core obturators (Kerr, Romulus, Mi, USA), while Group TH canals (n= 20) were obturated using Thermafil Endodontic Obturators (Tulsa Dental Products, Tulsa, OK, USA), strictly following manufacturers' instructions for use. The obturations were analyzed by means of CBCT to measure the distance from the apical limit of obturation to the apical foramen and the presence of voids inside root canals.

Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in the mean distance of the apical extent of the obturation (t test, p>0.05). Overfilling occurred in only 3 cases (2 in Group TH and 1 in Group SC). The percentages of voids in both groups were very low with no significant difference (Z test, p>0.05).

Conclusions: The two tested CBO techniques showed similar positive results in terms of performance, even if, after checking with verifiers, in most cases the size of the selected Soft-Core obturator was one size smaller than Thermafil.