Myeloid ecotropic virus insertion site 1 (MEIS1) is a HOX co-factor necessary for organ development and normal hematopoiesis. Recently, MEIS1 has been linked to the development and progression of various cancers. However, its role in gliomagenesis particularly on glioma stem cells (GSCs) remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that MEIS1 is highly upregulated in GSCs compared to normal, and glioma cells and to its differentiated counterparts. Inhibition of MEIS1 expression by shRNA significantly reduced GSC growth in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. On the other hand, integrated transcriptomics analyses of glioma datasets revealed that MEIS1 expression is correlated to cell cycle-related genes. Clinical data analysis revealed that MEIS1 expression is elevated in high-grade gliomas, and patients with high MEIS1 levels have poorer overall survival outcomes. The findings suggest that MEIS1 is a prognostic biomarker for glioma patients and a possible target for developing novel therapeutic strategies against GBM.
The CRISPR-Cas system stands out as a promising genome editing tool due to its cost-effectiveness and time efficiency compared to other methods. This system has tremendous potential for treating various diseases, including genetic disorders and cancer, and promotes therapeutic research for a wide range of genetic diseases. Additionally, the CRISPR-Cas system simplifies the generation of animal models, offering a more accessible alternative to traditional methods. The CRISPR-Cas9 system can be used to cleave target DNA strands that need to be corrected, causing double-strand breaks (DSBs). DNA with DSBs can then be recovered by the DNA repair pathway that the CRISPR-Cas9 system uses to edit target gene sequences. High cleavage efficiency of the CRISPR-Cas9 system is thus imperative for effective gene editing. Herein, we explore several factors affecting the cleavage efficiency of the CRISPR-Cas9 system. These factors include the GC content of the protospacer-adjacent motif (PAM) proximal and distal regions, single-guide RNA (sgRNA) properties, and chromatin state. These considerations contribute to the efficiency of genome editing.
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