Recently, there has been significant interest regarding the regularization of a limit of Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet (EGB) gravity. This regularization involves re‐scaling the Gauss–Bonnet (GB) coupling constant as , which bypasses Lovelock's theorem and avoids Ostrogradsky instability. A noteworthy observation is that the maximally or spherically symmetric solutions for all the regularized gravities coincide in the scenario. Considering this, the wormhole solutions in the galactic halos are investigated based on three different choices of dark matter (DM) profiles, such as Universal Rotation Curve, Navarro–Frenk–White, and Scalar Field Dark Matter with the framework of EGB gravity. Also, the Karmarkar condition is used to find the exact solutions for the shape functions under different non‐constant redshift functions. The energy conditions for each DM profile are discussed and the influence of GB coefficient in violating energy conditions are noticed, especially null energy conditions. Further, some physical features of wormholes, viz. complexity factor, active gravitational mass, total gravitational energy, and embedding diagrams, have been explored.
{"title":"Possibility of the Traversable Wormholes in the Galactic Halos within 4D Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet Gravity","authors":"Zinnat Hassan, P.K. Sahoo","doi":"10.1002/andp.202400114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/andp.202400114","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, there has been significant interest regarding the regularization of a limit of Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet (EGB) gravity. This regularization involves re‐scaling the Gauss–Bonnet (GB) coupling constant as , which bypasses Lovelock's theorem and avoids Ostrogradsky instability. A noteworthy observation is that the maximally or spherically symmetric solutions for all the regularized gravities coincide in the scenario. Considering this, the wormhole solutions in the galactic halos are investigated based on three different choices of dark matter (DM) profiles, such as Universal Rotation Curve, Navarro–Frenk–White, and Scalar Field Dark Matter with the framework of EGB gravity. Also, the Karmarkar condition is used to find the exact solutions for the shape functions under different non‐constant redshift functions. The energy conditions for each DM profile are discussed and the influence of GB coefficient in violating energy conditions are noticed, especially null energy conditions. Further, some physical features of wormholes, viz. complexity factor, active gravitational mass, total gravitational energy, and embedding diagrams, have been explored.","PeriodicalId":7896,"journal":{"name":"Annalen der Physik","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141506608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The discovery of the electron in 1897 by J. J. Thomson meant that the atom was no longer the smallest unit of matter. This led to a set of responses both experimental and theoretical which consolidated a new branch of physics—atomic physics. What were the tools available at the time to address atomic physics and how were they deployed? The research begins with Thomson who sought to describe a structure of the atom that accommodates both mechanical and electromagnetic properties, but he had little experimental data to base it on. It was indeed an experimental finding which paved the way for the modern conception of the structure of the atom—Rutherford's scattering experiment. A complex relation between theory and experiment in a new domain of physics is uncovered. While the revolutionary discovery of the electron was the result of a classical propagation experiment, the discovery of the concentrated charge at the center of the atom was an outcome of a scattering experiment—a bombardment technique. This technique has turned out to be the hallmark of experimental atomic physics.
J. J. 汤姆逊于 1897 年发现了电子,这意味着原子不再是物质的最小单位。这引发了一系列实验和理论上的回应,巩固了物理学的一个新分支--原子物理学。当时有哪些工具可用来解决原子物理问题,又是如何使用这些工具的呢?研究始于汤姆逊,他试图描述一种同时具有机械和电磁特性的原子结构,但他几乎没有实验数据作为依据。事实上,正是一项实验发现为现代原子结构概念--卢瑟福散射实验--铺平了道路。这揭示了物理学新领域中理论与实验之间的复杂关系。电子的革命性发现是经典传播实验的结果,而原子中心集中电荷的发现则是散射实验--轰击技术--的结果。这种技术已成为原子物理实验的标志。
{"title":"The Roles of Thomson and Rutherford in the Birth of Atomic Physics:The Interaction of Experiment and Theory","authors":"Giora Hon, Bernard R. Goldstein","doi":"10.1002/andp.202400090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/andp.202400090","url":null,"abstract":"The discovery of the electron in 1897 by J. J. Thomson meant that the atom was no longer the smallest unit of matter. This led to a set of responses both experimental and theoretical which consolidated a new branch of physics—atomic physics. What were the tools available at the time to address atomic physics and how were they deployed? The research begins with Thomson who sought to describe a structure of the atom that accommodates both mechanical and electromagnetic properties, but he had little experimental data to base it on. It was indeed an experimental finding which paved the way for the modern conception of the structure of the atom—Rutherford's scattering experiment. A complex relation between theory and experiment in a new domain of physics is uncovered. While the revolutionary discovery of the electron was the result of a classical propagation experiment, the discovery of the concentrated charge at the center of the atom was an outcome of a scattering experiment—a bombardment technique. This technique has turned out to be the hallmark of experimental atomic physics.","PeriodicalId":7896,"journal":{"name":"Annalen der Physik","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141506609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. M. Tütüncü, Sadık Baǧcı, Hüseyin Yasin Uzunok, G. P. Srivastava
In this work, the role of spin‐orbit coupling (SOC) in the physical properties of is reported. These electronic calculations reveal that the heavy elements Tl and Bi promote strong spin‐orbit coupling, lifting some of the degeneracies at the high‐symmetry points. The presence of SOC causes significant decreases in both elastic constants and elastic moduli, which in turn improve the compatibility of the calculated Debye temperature ( = 80 K) with the recent experimental data of 83 K. Furthermore, our quasi‐static harmonic approximation calculation, like this elastic constant calculation, confirms that taking SOC into account improves agreement with the experiment by decreasing value of Debye temperature from 95 to 85 K. Activating the SOC causes significant modifications in the phonon spectrum and the density of phonon states, as well as in the Eliashberg spectral function. As a result of these modifications, the electron–phonon coupling parameter () increases from 1.178 to 1.259, by . The calculated values of both with and without SOC imply that can be treated as phonon‐mediated superconductor with strong coupling. The SOC‐induced increase in brings the superconducting transition temperature of from 6.076 to 6.211 K, which is almost equal to the recent experimental value of 6.2 K.
在这项工作中,报告了自旋轨道耦合(SOC)在物理特性中的作用。这些电子计算结果表明,重元素 Tl 和 Bi 促进了强自旋轨道耦合,解除了高对称点的一些退行性。此外,我们的准静态谐波近似计算与弹性常数计算一样,都证实了将 SOC 考虑在内可将德拜温度值从 95 K 降低到 85 K,从而提高与实验的一致性。由于这些变化,电子-声子耦合参数()从 1.178 增加到 1.259,增幅为 .有 SOC 和无 SOC 时的计算值都意味着可以将其视为具有强耦合的声子介导超导体。由 SOC 引起的超导转变温度从 6.076 K 上升到 6.211 K,与最近的实验值 6.2 K 几乎相等。
{"title":"Ab Initio Investigation of the Relativistic Effect in the Physical Properties of Intermetallic Superconductor TlBi2${rm TlBi}_2$ with AlB2${rm AlB}_2$‐Type Hexagonal Layer Structure","authors":"H. M. Tütüncü, Sadık Baǧcı, Hüseyin Yasin Uzunok, G. P. Srivastava","doi":"10.1002/andp.202400049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/andp.202400049","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the role of spin‐orbit coupling (SOC) in the physical properties of is reported. These electronic calculations reveal that the heavy elements Tl and Bi promote strong spin‐orbit coupling, lifting some of the degeneracies at the high‐symmetry points. The presence of SOC causes significant decreases in both elastic constants and elastic moduli, which in turn improve the compatibility of the calculated Debye temperature ( = 80 K) with the recent experimental data of 83 K. Furthermore, our quasi‐static harmonic approximation calculation, like this elastic constant calculation, confirms that taking SOC into account improves agreement with the experiment by decreasing value of Debye temperature from 95 to 85 K. Activating the SOC causes significant modifications in the phonon spectrum and the density of phonon states, as well as in the Eliashberg spectral function. As a result of these modifications, the electron–phonon coupling parameter () increases from 1.178 to 1.259, by . The calculated values of both with and without SOC imply that can be treated as phonon‐mediated superconductor with strong coupling. The SOC‐induced increase in brings the superconducting transition temperature of from 6.076 to 6.211 K, which is almost equal to the recent experimental value of 6.2 K.","PeriodicalId":7896,"journal":{"name":"Annalen der Physik","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141506648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brahim Adnane, Younes Moqine, Aziz Khribach, Abdelghani El Houri, Rachid Houça, El Bouâzzaoui Choubabi, Abdelhadi Belouad
This study investigates the dynamics of quantum coherence and entanglement in the spin‐1 Heisenberg XXZ model. Particularly, the effects of the Heitler‐London (HL) coupling and the Dzyaloshinskii‐Moriya (DM) interaction are examined. By utilizing tools from quantum information theory, the concept of quantum correlated coherence and negativity are explored. The results show intrinsic decoherence leads to a decay of both correlated coherence and negativity. Interestingly, it is found that a small value of the Dzyaloshinskii‐Moriya interaction can significantly enhance coherence and entanglement. Various factors influence the system dynamics, including the initial state, anisotropy parameter, and the coupling distance between spins. It is shown that, by fixing the anisotropy parameter, the isotropic Heisenberg models XX and XXX can be easily recovered. Ultimately, the findings highlight that the system maintains a coherent temporal evolution despite decoherence.
本研究探讨了自旋-1 海森堡 XXZ 模型中量子相干和纠缠的动力学。特别是研究了海特勒-伦敦(HL)耦合和杜扎洛辛斯基-莫里亚(DM)相互作用的影响。利用量子信息论的工具,探讨了量子相关相干性和负性的概念。结果表明,内在退相干会导致相关相干性和负性的衰减。有趣的是,研究发现 Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya 相互作用的一个小值可以显著增强相干性和纠缠性。影响系统动力学的因素很多,包括初始状态、各向异性参数和自旋之间的耦合距离。研究表明,通过固定各向异性参数,可以轻松恢复各向同性的海森堡模型 XX 和 XXX。最终,研究结果强调,尽管存在退相干现象,系统仍能保持时间演化的一致性。
{"title":"Dynamics of Quantum Correlation in a Two‐qutrit Heisenberg XXZ Model with Heitler‐London and Dzyaloshinskii‐Moriya Couplings","authors":"Brahim Adnane, Younes Moqine, Aziz Khribach, Abdelghani El Houri, Rachid Houça, El Bouâzzaoui Choubabi, Abdelhadi Belouad","doi":"10.1002/andp.202400086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/andp.202400086","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the dynamics of quantum coherence and entanglement in the spin‐1 Heisenberg XXZ model. Particularly, the effects of the Heitler‐London (HL) coupling and the Dzyaloshinskii‐Moriya (DM) interaction are examined. By utilizing tools from quantum information theory, the concept of quantum correlated coherence and negativity are explored. The results show intrinsic decoherence leads to a decay of both correlated coherence and negativity. Interestingly, it is found that a small value of the Dzyaloshinskii‐Moriya interaction can significantly enhance coherence and entanglement. Various factors influence the system dynamics, including the initial state, anisotropy parameter, and the coupling distance between spins. It is shown that, by fixing the anisotropy parameter, the isotropic Heisenberg models XX and XXX can be easily recovered. Ultimately, the findings highlight that the system maintains a coherent temporal evolution despite decoherence.","PeriodicalId":7896,"journal":{"name":"Annalen der Physik","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141506650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Microstructures, characterized by gain, nonlinearity, internal scattering, and boundary effects, offer an exceptional platform for exploring complex optical phenomena such as random lasing, chaos, and multidimensional speckles. Specifically, complex lasers generated within microcavities and optical fibers, where strong light confinement and scattering play diverse roles, have become a significant branch of laser research. Recently, the rapid advancement of materials, micro-nano technologies, and artificial intelligence has introduced new opportunities and challenges for the generation, control, and application of complex lasers. This review systematically examines various types of microcavity complex lasers from the perspective of microcavity structures with different degrees of disorder. It primarily focuses on the historical development, characteristics, regulation, and applications of disordered microcavity lasers and concludes with a discussion on the future trends in the development of microcavity complex lasers.
{"title":"Microcavity Complex Lasers: from Order to Disorder","authors":"Hongyang Zhu, Zhen He, Jianlong Wang, Weili Zhang, Chuang Pei, Rui Ma, Junfeng Zhang, Junxin Wei, Weiren Liu","doi":"10.1002/andp.202400112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/andp.202400112","url":null,"abstract":"Microstructures, characterized by gain, nonlinearity, internal scattering, and boundary effects, offer an exceptional platform for exploring complex optical phenomena such as random lasing, chaos, and multidimensional speckles. Specifically, complex lasers generated within microcavities and optical fibers, where strong light confinement and scattering play diverse roles, have become a significant branch of laser research. Recently, the rapid advancement of materials, micro-nano technologies, and artificial intelligence has introduced new opportunities and challenges for the generation, control, and application of complex lasers. This review systematically examines various types of microcavity complex lasers from the perspective of microcavity structures with different degrees of disorder. It primarily focuses on the historical development, characteristics, regulation, and applications of disordered microcavity lasers and concludes with a discussion on the future trends in the development of microcavity complex lasers.","PeriodicalId":7896,"journal":{"name":"Annalen der Physik","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141506649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Over the past decade, the research on modelocked 2 fiber lasers has increased rapidly. Conventionally, modelocking is achieved with the existing quantum well structures as well as 2D materials classified as Real Saturable Absorbers. As time progressed and keeping in mind the versatility, stability and robustness, demonstration of 2
Xiaolong Zhao, Yiming Zhao, Ming Li, Tingting Li, Qian Liu, Shuai Guo, Xuexi Yi
A scheme leveraging reinforcement learning to engineer control fields for generating non-classical states is proposed. It is exemplified by the application to prepare spin-squeezed states for an open collective spin model where a linear control field is designed to govern the dynamics. The reinforcement learning agent determines the temporal sequence of control pulses, commencing from a coherent spin state in an environment characterized by dissipation and dephasing. Compared to the constant control scenario, this approach provides various control sequences maintaining collective spin squeezing and entanglement. It is observed that denser application of the control pulses enhances the performance of the outcomes. However, there is a minor enhancement in the performance by adding control actions. The proposed strategy demonstrates increased effectiveness for larger systems. Thermal excitations of the reservoir are detrimental to the control outcomes. Feasible experiments are suggested to implement this control proposal based on the comparison with the others. The extensions to continuous control problems and another quantum system are discussed. The replaceability of the reinforcement learning module is also emphasized. This research paves the way for its application in manipulating other quantum systems.
{"title":"A Strategy for Preparing Quantum Squeezed States Using Reinforcement Learning","authors":"Xiaolong Zhao, Yiming Zhao, Ming Li, Tingting Li, Qian Liu, Shuai Guo, Xuexi Yi","doi":"10.1002/andp.202400056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/andp.202400056","url":null,"abstract":"A scheme leveraging reinforcement learning to engineer control fields for generating non-classical states is proposed. It is exemplified by the application to prepare spin-squeezed states for an open collective spin model where a linear control field is designed to govern the dynamics. The reinforcement learning agent determines the temporal sequence of control pulses, commencing from a coherent spin state in an environment characterized by dissipation and dephasing. Compared to the constant control scenario, this approach provides various control sequences maintaining collective spin squeezing and entanglement. It is observed that denser application of the control pulses enhances the performance of the outcomes. However, there is a minor enhancement in the performance by adding control actions. The proposed strategy demonstrates increased effectiveness for larger systems. Thermal excitations of the reservoir are detrimental to the control outcomes. Feasible experiments are suggested to implement this control proposal based on the comparison with the others. The extensions to continuous control problems and another quantum system are discussed. The replaceability of the reinforcement learning module is also emphasized. This research paves the way for its application in manipulating other quantum systems.","PeriodicalId":7896,"journal":{"name":"Annalen der Physik","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141515069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The quasiparticle spectrum and transport properties of the double quantum dot (DQD) deposited on a superconducting substrate (Andreev molecule) and side‐coupled to a nanowire hosting Majorana zero modes (MZMs) are studied. Placing a DQD on the superconducting substrate induces the trivial Andreev‐bound states (ABSs) in quantum dots. However, coupling of DQD with a nanowire causes the leakage of the MZM from the topological nanowire into quantum dots. The relationship between the Andreev states and the Majorana mode for different values of the coupling parameters is analyzed. Additionally, it is shown that the connection point of a metallic tip, treated as an scanning tunneling microscope (STM) tip, affects the measured results of the differential conductance.
{"title":"Spectral and Transport Properties of Andreev Molecule Coupled to Majorana Wire","authors":"Grzegorz Górski, K. Kucab","doi":"10.1002/andp.202400068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/andp.202400068","url":null,"abstract":"The quasiparticle spectrum and transport properties of the double quantum dot (DQD) deposited on a superconducting substrate (Andreev molecule) and side‐coupled to a nanowire hosting Majorana zero modes (MZMs) are studied. Placing a DQD on the superconducting substrate induces the trivial Andreev‐bound states (ABSs) in quantum dots. However, coupling of DQD with a nanowire causes the leakage of the MZM from the topological nanowire into quantum dots. The relationship between the Andreev states and the Majorana mode for different values of the coupling parameters is analyzed. Additionally, it is shown that the connection point of a metallic tip, treated as an scanning tunneling microscope (STM) tip, affects the measured results of the differential conductance.","PeriodicalId":7896,"journal":{"name":"Annalen der Physik","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141350735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Masthead: Ann. Phys. 6/2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/andp.202470014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/andp.202470014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7896,"journal":{"name":"Annalen der Physik","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/andp.202470014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141294974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The atomic nucleus contains particles that form interacting pairs, mirroring the Cooper pairs observed in superconductors. These pairs are traditionally analyzed using the mean-field technique pioneered by Bardeen, Cooper, and Schrieffer (BCS). However, the matrix-product state (MPS) approach, originally developed for one-dimensional spin chains in condensed-matter physics, offers a significant advancement. This method enables the precise computation of nuclear properties from both simple and more generalized pairing Hamiltonians, eliminating the artifacts commonly associated with mean-field approximations. For further details, see article number 2300436 by Roman Rausch and co-workers.