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Possibility of the Traversable Wormholes in the Galactic Halos within 4D Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet Gravity 四维爱因斯坦-高斯-波内特引力下银河系晕中可穿越虫洞的可能性
IF 2.4 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1002/andp.202400114
Zinnat Hassan, P.K. Sahoo
Recently, there has been significant interest regarding the regularization of a limit of Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet (EGB) gravity. This regularization involves re‐scaling the Gauss–Bonnet (GB) coupling constant as , which bypasses Lovelock's theorem and avoids Ostrogradsky instability. A noteworthy observation is that the maximally or spherically symmetric solutions for all the regularized gravities coincide in the scenario. Considering this, the wormhole solutions in the galactic halos are investigated based on three different choices of dark matter (DM) profiles, such as Universal Rotation Curve, Navarro–Frenk–White, and Scalar Field Dark Matter with the framework of EGB gravity. Also, the Karmarkar condition is used to find the exact solutions for the shape functions under different non‐constant redshift functions. The energy conditions for each DM profile are discussed and the influence of GB coefficient in violating energy conditions are noticed, especially null energy conditions. Further, some physical features of wormholes, viz. complexity factor, active gravitational mass, total gravitational energy, and embedding diagrams, have been explored.
最近,人们对爱因斯坦-高斯-波奈(EGB)引力极限的正则化产生了浓厚的兴趣。这种正则化涉及将高斯-波奈(GB)耦合常数重新缩放为 ,从而绕过了拉夫洛克定理,避免了奥斯特洛夫斯基不稳定性。一个值得注意的观察结果是,所有正则化引力的最大或球面对称解在方案中都是重合的。考虑到这一点,我们基于三种不同的暗物质(DM)剖面选择,如宇宙旋转曲线、纳瓦罗-弗伦克-怀特和标量场暗物质,在 EGB 引力框架下研究了星系晕中的虫洞方案。此外,在不同的非恒定红移函数下,利用卡尔马卡条件找到了形状函数的精确解。讨论了每种 DM 曲线的能量条件,并注意到 GB 系数在违反能量条件时的影响,尤其是空能量条件。此外,还探讨了虫洞的一些物理特征,即复杂系数、活动引力质量、总引力能和嵌入图。
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引用次数: 0
The Roles of Thomson and Rutherford in the Birth of Atomic Physics:The Interaction of Experiment and Theory 汤姆逊和卢瑟福在原子物理学诞生过程中的作用:实验与理论的相互作用
IF 2.4 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-06-29 DOI: 10.1002/andp.202400090
Giora Hon, Bernard R. Goldstein
The discovery of the electron in 1897 by J. J. Thomson meant that the atom was no longer the smallest unit of matter. This led to a set of responses both experimental and theoretical which consolidated a new branch of physics—atomic physics. What were the tools available at the time to address atomic physics and how were they deployed? The research begins with Thomson who sought to describe a structure of the atom that accommodates both mechanical and electromagnetic properties, but he had little experimental data to base it on. It was indeed an experimental finding which paved the way for the modern conception of the structure of the atom—Rutherford's scattering experiment. A complex relation between theory and experiment in a new domain of physics is uncovered. While the revolutionary discovery of the electron was the result of a classical propagation experiment, the discovery of the concentrated charge at the center of the atom was an outcome of a scattering experiment—a bombardment technique. This technique has turned out to be the hallmark of experimental atomic physics.
J. J. 汤姆逊于 1897 年发现了电子,这意味着原子不再是物质的最小单位。这引发了一系列实验和理论上的回应,巩固了物理学的一个新分支--原子物理学。当时有哪些工具可用来解决原子物理问题,又是如何使用这些工具的呢?研究始于汤姆逊,他试图描述一种同时具有机械和电磁特性的原子结构,但他几乎没有实验数据作为依据。事实上,正是一项实验发现为现代原子结构概念--卢瑟福散射实验--铺平了道路。这揭示了物理学新领域中理论与实验之间的复杂关系。电子的革命性发现是经典传播实验的结果,而原子中心集中电荷的发现则是散射实验--轰击技术--的结果。这种技术已成为原子物理实验的标志。
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引用次数: 0
Ab Initio Investigation of the Relativistic Effect in the Physical Properties of Intermetallic Superconductor TlBi2${rm TlBi}_2$ with AlB2${rm AlB}_2$‐Type Hexagonal Layer Structure 具有 AlB2${rm AlB}_2$ 型六角层结构的金属间超导体 TlBi2${rm TlBi}_2$ 物理性质中相对论效应的 Ab Initio 研究
IF 2.4 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1002/andp.202400049
H. M. Tütüncü, Sadık Baǧcı, Hüseyin Yasin Uzunok, G. P. Srivastava
In this work, the role of spin‐orbit coupling (SOC) in the physical properties of is reported. These electronic calculations reveal that the heavy elements Tl and Bi promote strong spin‐orbit coupling, lifting some of the degeneracies at the high‐symmetry points. The presence of SOC causes significant decreases in both elastic constants and elastic moduli, which in turn improve the compatibility of the calculated Debye temperature ( = 80 K) with the recent experimental data of 83 K. Furthermore, our quasi‐static harmonic approximation calculation, like this elastic constant calculation, confirms that taking SOC into account improves agreement with the experiment by decreasing value of Debye temperature from 95 to 85 K. Activating the SOC causes significant modifications in the phonon spectrum and the density of phonon states, as well as in the Eliashberg spectral function. As a result of these modifications, the electron–phonon coupling parameter () increases from 1.178 to 1.259, by . The calculated values of both with and without SOC imply that can be treated as phonon‐mediated superconductor with strong coupling. The SOC‐induced increase in brings the superconducting transition temperature of from 6.076 to 6.211 K, which is almost equal to the recent experimental value of 6.2 K.
在这项工作中,报告了自旋轨道耦合(SOC)在物理特性中的作用。这些电子计算结果表明,重元素 Tl 和 Bi 促进了强自旋轨道耦合,解除了高对称点的一些退行性。此外,我们的准静态谐波近似计算与弹性常数计算一样,都证实了将 SOC 考虑在内可将德拜温度值从 95 K 降低到 85 K,从而提高与实验的一致性。由于这些变化,电子-声子耦合参数()从 1.178 增加到 1.259,增幅为 .有 SOC 和无 SOC 时的计算值都意味着可以将其视为具有强耦合的声子介导超导体。由 SOC 引起的超导转变温度从 6.076 K 上升到 6.211 K,与最近的实验值 6.2 K 几乎相等。
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引用次数: 0
Dynamics of Quantum Correlation in a Two‐qutrit Heisenberg XXZ Model with Heitler‐London and Dzyaloshinskii‐Moriya Couplings 具有海特勒-伦敦耦合和齐亚罗辛斯基-莫里亚耦合的海森堡 XXZ 双量子模型中的量子关联动力学
IF 2.4 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.1002/andp.202400086
Brahim Adnane, Younes Moqine, Aziz Khribach, Abdelghani El Houri, Rachid Houça, El Bouâzzaoui Choubabi, Abdelhadi Belouad
This study investigates the dynamics of quantum coherence and entanglement in the spin‐1 Heisenberg XXZ model. Particularly, the effects of the Heitler‐London (HL) coupling and the Dzyaloshinskii‐Moriya (DM) interaction are examined. By utilizing tools from quantum information theory, the concept of quantum correlated coherence and negativity are explored. The results show intrinsic decoherence leads to a decay of both correlated coherence and negativity. Interestingly, it is found that a small value of the Dzyaloshinskii‐Moriya interaction can significantly enhance coherence and entanglement. Various factors influence the system dynamics, including the initial state, anisotropy parameter, and the coupling distance between spins. It is shown that, by fixing the anisotropy parameter, the isotropic Heisenberg models XX and XXX can be easily recovered. Ultimately, the findings highlight that the system maintains a coherent temporal evolution despite decoherence.
本研究探讨了自旋-1 海森堡 XXZ 模型中量子相干和纠缠的动力学。特别是研究了海特勒-伦敦(HL)耦合和杜扎洛辛斯基-莫里亚(DM)相互作用的影响。利用量子信息论的工具,探讨了量子相关相干性和负性的概念。结果表明,内在退相干会导致相关相干性和负性的衰减。有趣的是,研究发现 Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya 相互作用的一个小值可以显著增强相干性和纠缠性。影响系统动力学的因素很多,包括初始状态、各向异性参数和自旋之间的耦合距离。研究表明,通过固定各向异性参数,可以轻松恢复各向同性的海森堡模型 XX 和 XXX。最终,研究结果强调,尽管存在退相干现象,系统仍能保持时间演化的一致性。
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引用次数: 0
Microcavity Complex Lasers: from Order to Disorder 微腔复杂激光器:从有序到无序
IF 2.4 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-06-19 DOI: 10.1002/andp.202400112
Hongyang Zhu, Zhen He, Jianlong Wang, Weili Zhang, Chuang Pei, Rui Ma, Junfeng Zhang, Junxin Wei, Weiren Liu
Microstructures, characterized by gain, nonlinearity, internal scattering, and boundary effects, offer an exceptional platform for exploring complex optical phenomena such as random lasing, chaos, and multidimensional speckles. Specifically, complex lasers generated within microcavities and optical fibers, where strong light confinement and scattering play diverse roles, have become a significant branch of laser research. Recently, the rapid advancement of materials, micro-nano technologies, and artificial intelligence has introduced new opportunities and challenges for the generation, control, and application of complex lasers. This review systematically examines various types of microcavity complex lasers from the perspective of microcavity structures with different degrees of disorder. It primarily focuses on the historical development, characteristics, regulation, and applications of disordered microcavity lasers and concludes with a discussion on the future trends in the development of microcavity complex lasers.
以增益、非线性、内部散射和边界效应为特征的微结构为探索随机激光、混沌和多维斑点等复杂光学现象提供了一个卓越的平台。具体来说,在微腔和光纤中产生的复杂激光,其强光束约束和散射起着不同的作用,已成为激光研究的一个重要分支。近年来,材料、微纳技术和人工智能的快速发展为复杂激光的产生、控制和应用带来了新的机遇和挑战。本综述从具有不同无序度的微腔结构的角度,系统研究了各种类型的微腔复合激光器。主要介绍了无序微腔激光器的历史发展、特点、调控和应用,最后讨论了微腔复合激光器的未来发展趋势。
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引用次数: 0
Advancements in the Use of Artificial Saturable Absorbers for Modelocking of 2 µm Ultrafast Fiber Lasers 使用人工饱和吸收器为 2 µm 超快光纤激光器建模的进展
IF 2.4 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.1002/andp.202300458
Akshay Raj R, Saikat Saha, Shyamal Mondal
Over the past decade, the research on modelocked 2 μm$umu {rm m}$ fiber lasers has increased rapidly. Conventionally, modelocking is achieved with the existing quantum well structures as well as 2D materials classified as Real Saturable Absorbers. As time progressed and keeping in mind the versatility, stability and robustness, demonstration of 2
在过去的十年中,对模锁定 2 μm$umu {rm m}$ 光纤激光器的研究迅速增加。传统上,建模锁定是通过现有的量子结构以及被归类为真实可饱和吸收体的二维材料来实现的。随着时间的推移,考虑到多功能性、稳定性和鲁棒性,由人造可饱和吸收体(ASA)建模锁定的 2 μm$umu {rm m}$光纤激光器的演示变得越来越重要。这类可饱和吸收体表现出有趣的特性,可使其成为替代基于真实材料的可饱和吸收体的最佳候选者。本文详细探讨和讨论了在 2 μm$umu {rm m}$ 制度下基于 ASA 的建模方案的进展及其基本物理原理,并列举了超快光纤激光器的各种用途和日益增长的市场。在综述的最后,比较了不同的基于 ASA 的建模方案,以根据自己的需要获得所需的输出参数的最有利条件。这些以全光纤 ASA 为基础的光纤激光器在医疗、激光雷达、中红外发电、环境传感、工业和国防等领域具有潜在用途。
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引用次数: 0
A Strategy for Preparing Quantum Squeezed States Using Reinforcement Learning 利用强化学习制备量子挤压态的策略
IF 2.4 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.1002/andp.202400056
Xiaolong Zhao, Yiming Zhao, Ming Li, Tingting Li, Qian Liu, Shuai Guo, Xuexi Yi
A scheme leveraging reinforcement learning to engineer control fields for generating non-classical states is proposed. It is exemplified by the application to prepare spin-squeezed states for an open collective spin model where a linear control field is designed to govern the dynamics. The reinforcement learning agent determines the temporal sequence of control pulses, commencing from a coherent spin state in an environment characterized by dissipation and dephasing. Compared to the constant control scenario, this approach provides various control sequences maintaining collective spin squeezing and entanglement. It is observed that denser application of the control pulses enhances the performance of the outcomes. However, there is a minor enhancement in the performance by adding control actions. The proposed strategy demonstrates increased effectiveness for larger systems. Thermal excitations of the reservoir are detrimental to the control outcomes. Feasible experiments are suggested to implement this control proposal based on the comparison with the others. The extensions to continuous control problems and another quantum system are discussed. The replaceability of the reinforcement learning module is also emphasized. This research paves the way for its application in manipulating other quantum systems.
本文提出了一种利用强化学习来设计控制场以生成非经典状态的方案。该方案的应用实例是为一个开放式集体自旋模型准备自旋挤压状态,在该模型中设计了一个线性控制场来控制动力学。强化学习代理决定控制脉冲的时间序列,在以耗散和去相为特征的环境中从相干自旋状态开始。与恒定控制方案相比,这种方法提供了各种保持集体自旋挤压和纠缠的控制序列。据观察,更密集地应用控制脉冲可提高结果的性能。不过,通过增加控制动作,性能也有小幅提升。所提出的策略对更大的系统更有效。水库的热激励对控制结果不利。根据与其他控制建议的比较,提出了实施该控制建议的可行实验。还讨论了对连续控制问题和另一种量子系统的扩展。此外,还强调了强化学习模块的可替代性。这项研究为其在其他量子系统中的应用铺平了道路。
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引用次数: 0
Spectral and Transport Properties of Andreev Molecule Coupled to Majorana Wire 与马约拉纳线耦合的安德烈耶夫分子的光谱和传输特性
IF 2.4 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1002/andp.202400068
Grzegorz Górski, K. Kucab
The quasiparticle spectrum and transport properties of the double quantum dot (DQD) deposited on a superconducting substrate (Andreev molecule) and side‐coupled to a nanowire hosting Majorana zero modes (MZMs) are studied. Placing a DQD on the superconducting substrate induces the trivial Andreev‐bound states (ABSs) in quantum dots. However, coupling of DQD with a nanowire causes the leakage of the MZM from the topological nanowire into quantum dots. The relationship between the Andreev states and the Majorana mode for different values of the coupling parameters is analyzed. Additionally, it is shown that the connection point of a metallic tip, treated as an scanning tunneling microscope (STM) tip, affects the measured results of the differential conductance.
本文研究了沉积在超导衬底(安德烈耶夫分子)上并与承载马约拉纳零模(MZMs)的纳米线侧耦合的双量子点(DQD)的准粒子谱和传输特性。将 DQD 放置在超导衬底上会在量子点中诱导出微不足道的安德烈耶夫束缚态 (ABS)。然而,DQD 与纳米线的耦合会导致 MZM 从拓扑纳米线泄漏到量子点中。本文分析了不同耦合参数值下安德烈耶夫态与马约拉纳模式之间的关系。此外,研究还表明,作为扫描隧道显微镜(STM)尖端的金属尖端的连接点会影响差分电导的测量结果。
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引用次数: 0
Masthead: Ann. Phys. 6/2024 刊头Ann.6/2024
IF 2.4 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2024-06-09 DOI: 10.1002/andp.202470014
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引用次数: 0
(Ann. Phys. 6/2024) (Ann. Phys. 6/2024)
IF 2.4 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2024-06-09 DOI: 10.1002/andp.202470013

Matrix-Product State Approach

The atomic nucleus contains particles that form interacting pairs, mirroring the Cooper pairs observed in superconductors. These pairs are traditionally analyzed using the mean-field technique pioneered by Bardeen, Cooper, and Schrieffer (BCS). However, the matrix-product state (MPS) approach, originally developed for one-dimensional spin chains in condensed-matter physics, offers a significant advancement. This method enables the precise computation of nuclear properties from both simple and more generalized pairing Hamiltonians, eliminating the artifacts commonly associated with mean-field approximations. For further details, see article number 2300436 by Roman Rausch and co-workers.

矩阵-产品态方法原子核中的粒子会形成相互作用的粒子对,这与在超导体中观察到的库珀粒子对如出一辙。传统上,人们使用巴丁、库珀和施里弗(BCS)首创的均场技术来分析这些粒子对。然而,最初为凝聚态物理学中的一维自旋链而开发的矩阵-积态(MPS)方法则带来了重大进步。这种方法可以通过简单和更广义的配对哈密顿来精确计算核特性,消除了与均场近似通常相关的假象。更多详情,请参阅 Roman Rausch 及其合作者的 2300436 号文章。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Annalen der Physik
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