Pub Date : 2023-06-19DOI: 10.2174/2211352521666230619154010
S. Kaushik, Sapna Wadhwa, Sanjit Boora, K. Soniya, Suman Yadav, S. Kaushik, Ramesh Kumar
Bryophyllum pinnatum, commonly known as the “patharchatta,” belongs to the family of “Crassulaceae.” Bryophyllum pinnatum is often used to treat gallbladder stones and heal wounds. It possesses a lot of pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, anti-cancerous, antimicrobial, antiviral, etc. It is an aromatic plant having a sweet and sour smell and is used as a herb. In different plant species, essential oils present in the leaves and other parts give them their unique smell and fragrance. Many phytochemicals have been isolated from this plant, like alkaloids, triterpenes, cardenolides, flavonoids, and bufadienolides, as well as lipids, steroids, and glycosides from various extracts. Among them, only some compounds have medicinal properties. In this review, we have analyzed the ADME properties of the phytochemicals present in the plant to identify which chemical can act as a drug candidate using the SwissADME server.
{"title":"Kalanchoe pinnata (Patharchatta): A Therapeutic Boon to Mankind","authors":"S. Kaushik, Sapna Wadhwa, Sanjit Boora, K. Soniya, Suman Yadav, S. Kaushik, Ramesh Kumar","doi":"10.2174/2211352521666230619154010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211352521666230619154010","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Bryophyllum pinnatum, commonly known as the “patharchatta,” belongs to the family of “Crassulaceae.” Bryophyllum pinnatum is often used to treat gallbladder stones and heal wounds. It possesses a lot of pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, anti-cancerous, antimicrobial, antiviral, etc. It is an aromatic plant having a sweet and sour smell and is used as a herb. In different plant species, essential oils present in the leaves and other parts give them their unique smell and fragrance. Many phytochemicals have been isolated from this plant, like alkaloids, triterpenes, cardenolides, flavonoids, and bufadienolides, as well as lipids, steroids, and glycosides from various extracts. Among them, only some compounds have medicinal properties. In this review, we have analyzed the ADME properties of the phytochemicals present in the plant to identify which chemical can act as a drug candidate using the SwissADME server.\u0000","PeriodicalId":7951,"journal":{"name":"Anti-Infective Agents","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43193979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-07DOI: 10.2174/2211352521666230607154145
Nitin Kumar, Shalini Sharma, P. Nirmal
A large number of antibiotics are easily accessible for the treatment of various microbial infections. However, antibiotic resistance has become a major concern to public health across the globe. Carbazole derivatives are present in carbazomycins, an unprecedented class of antibiotics showing potential antibacterial activities. As reported in the literature, carbazole derivatives also possess significant antimicrobial activities against bacterial resistance, such as Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The antimicrobial profile of carbazole derivatives has been achieved through various bacterial pathways. Carbazole hybrids based on the multi-target direct ligand (MTDL) approach were also extensively studied as they exhibited significant antibacterial activities. This article reviews antimicrobial potential, docking analysis, and structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of carbazole and its derivatives against tested bacterial strains from 2014 to 2022. This review can also be helpful for investigators in the design and development of new molecules based on carbazole structure against various resistant bacterial infections.
{"title":"A Review of In vitro Antimicrobial Activities of Carbazole and its Derivative From 2014 to 2022","authors":"Nitin Kumar, Shalini Sharma, P. Nirmal","doi":"10.2174/2211352521666230607154145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211352521666230607154145","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000A large number of antibiotics are easily accessible for the treatment of various microbial infections. However, antibiotic resistance has become a major concern to public health across the globe. Carbazole derivatives are present in carbazomycins, an unprecedented class of antibiotics showing potential antibacterial activities. As reported in the literature, carbazole derivatives also possess significant antimicrobial activities against bacterial resistance, such as Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The antimicrobial profile of carbazole derivatives has been achieved through various bacterial pathways. Carbazole hybrids based on the multi-target direct ligand (MTDL) approach were also extensively studied as they exhibited significant antibacterial activities. This article reviews antimicrobial potential, docking analysis, and structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of carbazole and its derivatives against tested bacterial strains from 2014 to 2022. This review can also be helpful for investigators in the design and development of new molecules based on carbazole structure against various resistant bacterial infections.\u0000","PeriodicalId":7951,"journal":{"name":"Anti-Infective Agents","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46299444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cancer and diabetes are proving to be lethal to human society and have attracted attention of researchers around the world. Synthesis of mixed ligand complexes is a challenging area owing to their potential applications as drugs against various diseases. Synthesis and biological evaluation of mixed ligand complexes of Vanadium(IV) with heterocyclic bidentate molecule 8-hydroxyquinoline as primary ligand and L-Amino acids such as L-cysteine, L-alanine, L-phenylalanine, L-threonine and L-serine as secondary ligands is reported here. All the complexes were characterized using IR, electronic, Mass, TGA/DTA method, powder XRD analysis, molar conductance and magnetic susceptibility measurements and were screened for their biological activities. The synthesized mixed ligand complexes were screened for their antibacterial activity against E. Coli and antifungal activity against C. Albicans. They were also evaluated for in vitro antidiabetic activity, anticancer activity against HepG2 (human liver cancer cell line) by MTT assay. The synthesized mixed ligand complexes were thermally stable, paramagnetic, non-electrolytic in nature and proposed to have square pyramidal geometry. They also exhibited potential as antibacterial, anticancer and antidibetic agents.
{"title":"Anticancer, Antidiabetic and Antimicrobial Activity Study of Biologically Active Vanadium(IV) Mixed Ligand Complexes","authors":"Dnyaneshwar Shamrao Wankhede, Sonaji Vishwanath Gayakwad, Vikas Dattarao Ragole, Shivraj Gangadhar Wanale, Satish Ashruba Dake, Satish Bapurao Maulage","doi":"10.2174/2211352521666230601112815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211352521666230601112815","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Cancer and diabetes are proving to be lethal to human society and have attracted attention of researchers around the world. Synthesis of mixed ligand complexes is a challenging area owing to their potential applications as drugs against various diseases.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Synthesis and biological evaluation of mixed ligand complexes of Vanadium(IV) with heterocyclic bidentate molecule 8-hydroxyquinoline as primary ligand and L-Amino acids such as L-cysteine, L-alanine, L-phenylalanine, L-threonine and L-serine as secondary ligands is reported here. All the complexes were characterized using IR, electronic, Mass, TGA/DTA method, powder XRD analysis, molar conductance and magnetic susceptibility measurements and were screened for their biological activities.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The synthesized mixed ligand complexes were screened for their antibacterial activity against E. Coli and antifungal activity against C. Albicans. They were also evaluated for in vitro antidiabetic activity, anticancer activity against HepG2 (human liver cancer cell line) by MTT assay.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The synthesized mixed ligand complexes were thermally stable, paramagnetic, non-electrolytic in nature and proposed to have square pyramidal geometry. They also exhibited potential as antibacterial, anticancer and antidibetic agents.\u0000","PeriodicalId":7951,"journal":{"name":"Anti-Infective Agents","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49259520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-18DOI: 10.2174/2211352521666230518115214
K. Pathak, Ratnadeep Bhattacharjee, J. Das, S. Bordoloi, M. Pathak, Pervej Alom Barbhuiya, RiyaSaikia
Gut or intestinal microbiota inhabit our body and are well nurtured by the body’s ambiance of its preference. Gut microorganisms include bacteria, archae, and fungi that primarily inhabit the digestive tracts of animals. Bacteria like Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 have been studied on a wide scale for their potential therapeutic applications. These bacteria are used as probiotics, most often as dietary supplements. They increase the population of the gut microbiota required for normal metabolic activities of the body. Recently, efforts have been made to analyze the effects of these probiotics and gut microbiota in the treatment of various diseases in children. In recent years, research has been conducted to investigate the effects of probiotics and microbiota in the gut on the prevention and treatment of a wide range of childhood disorders. Studies have been carried out to investigate the gut microbiota's effects on the function of beta cells in children recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. In this review article, a few applications and research of microbiota on children have been highlighted.
{"title":"Therapeutic Potential of Gut Microbiota in Child Health","authors":"K. Pathak, Ratnadeep Bhattacharjee, J. Das, S. Bordoloi, M. Pathak, Pervej Alom Barbhuiya, RiyaSaikia","doi":"10.2174/2211352521666230518115214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211352521666230518115214","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Gut or intestinal microbiota inhabit our body and are well nurtured by the body’s ambiance of its preference. Gut microorganisms include bacteria, archae, and fungi that primarily inhabit the digestive tracts of animals. Bacteria like Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 have been studied on a wide scale for their potential therapeutic applications. These bacteria are used as probiotics, most often as dietary supplements. They increase the population of the gut microbiota required for normal metabolic activities of the body. Recently, efforts have been made to analyze the effects of these probiotics and gut microbiota in the treatment of various diseases in children. In recent years, research has been conducted to investigate the effects of probiotics and microbiota in the gut on the prevention and treatment of a wide range of childhood disorders. Studies have been carried out to investigate the gut microbiota's effects on the function of beta cells in children recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. In this review article, a few applications and research of microbiota on children have been highlighted.\u0000","PeriodicalId":7951,"journal":{"name":"Anti-Infective Agents","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46874549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-09DOI: 10.2174/2211352521666230509122543
Neha Krishnarth A
The current COVID-19 outbreak has created an urgent need for innovative and effective antiviral drugs. Quinazoline analogues are an effective antiviral agents. They have shown potent antiviral activity against various preclinical virus types. To date, various quinazoline analogues have been incorporated and tested for their antiviral activity. This review aims to bring together clinical knowledge of the numerous antiviral drug analogues that have been introduced based on their structural recital.
{"title":"Quinazoline Analogues as Antiviral Agents","authors":"Neha Krishnarth A","doi":"10.2174/2211352521666230509122543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211352521666230509122543","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The current COVID-19 outbreak has created an urgent need for innovative and effective antiviral drugs. Quinazoline analogues are an effective antiviral agents. They have shown potent antiviral activity against various preclinical virus types. To date, various quinazoline analogues have been incorporated and tested for their antiviral activity. This review aims to bring together clinical knowledge of the numerous antiviral drug analogues that have been introduced based on their structural recital.\u0000","PeriodicalId":7951,"journal":{"name":"Anti-Infective Agents","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48394222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-19DOI: 10.2174/2211352521666230419100330
V. M. Patil, Aman Sharma, M. Dahiya, Gaurav Pratap Singh, Anirudh Malik
Molnupiravir is a ribonucleoside analog and exhibits its antiviral mechanism by inhibiting replication. Preclinical studies have been reported that support the role of Molnupiravir towards the prophylaxis, cure, and prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In addition to it, clinical studies have confirmed its activity against the most common variants of SARS-CoV-2. The manuscript aims to demonstrate the rationale behind the clinical use of Molnupiravir in the treatment of COVID-19 infection at the early stage of the onset of symptoms specific to five days. A thorough literature search has been carried out using various suitable keywords to extract details on the antiviral mechanism, preclinical, and clinical use of Molnupiravir, its safety, tolerability, dosage, duration of treatment, etc. The reported studies demonstrate the antiviral action of Molnupiravir by viral error catastrophe mechanism which results in the inhibition of the viral multiplication activity when it enters inside the host cells. The manuscript delivers complete detail regarding pharmacokinetic and pharmacological actions, usage, and various preclinical and clinical studies reported for this newly evaluated drug for the treatment of COVID-19 infection. The study concludes Molnupiravir has the potential in the treatment of COVID-19 infection. When used along with vaccines, it would be a low-cost, valuable, and incredible asset as an oral anti-COVID drug for saving human life.
{"title":"Role of Molnupiravir in the Treatment of COVID-19","authors":"V. M. Patil, Aman Sharma, M. Dahiya, Gaurav Pratap Singh, Anirudh Malik","doi":"10.2174/2211352521666230419100330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211352521666230419100330","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Molnupiravir is a ribonucleoside analog and exhibits its antiviral mechanism by inhibiting replication. Preclinical studies have been reported that support the role of Molnupiravir towards the prophylaxis, cure, and prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In addition to it, clinical studies have confirmed its activity against the most common variants of SARS-CoV-2.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The manuscript aims to demonstrate the rationale behind the clinical use of Molnupiravir in the treatment of COVID-19 infection at the early stage of the onset of symptoms specific to five days.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A thorough literature search has been carried out using various suitable keywords to extract details on the antiviral mechanism, preclinical, and clinical use of Molnupiravir, its safety, tolerability, dosage, duration of treatment, etc.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The reported studies demonstrate the antiviral action of Molnupiravir by viral error catastrophe mechanism which results in the inhibition of the viral multiplication activity when it enters inside the host cells. The manuscript delivers complete detail regarding pharmacokinetic and pharmacological actions, usage, and various preclinical and clinical studies reported for this newly evaluated drug for the treatment of COVID-19 infection.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The study concludes Molnupiravir has the potential in the treatment of COVID-19 infection. When used along with vaccines, it would be a low-cost, valuable, and incredible asset as an oral anti-COVID drug for saving human life.\u0000","PeriodicalId":7951,"journal":{"name":"Anti-Infective Agents","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41987329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-18DOI: 10.2174/2211352521666230418113927
Sara A. Alsakhawy, H. H. Baghdadi, M. El-shenawy, Lobna S. El-Hosseiny
- Antimicrobial resistance is imposing an alarming public health threat in regard to the irrational use of the currently available antibiotics and the lack of new antimicrobials. The current study aims to comparatively investigate the antimicrobial potential and phytochemical compositions of citrus peel essential oils (EOs) and phenolic compounds (PCs) as an approach to combat life threatening bacterial and fungal infections. Citrus EOs and PCs were extracted from Citrus aurantifolia, Citrus reshni, Citrus latifolia and Citrus paradisi peels and phytochemically characterized by GC-MS and HPLC, respectively. The antimicrobial potential of citrus peel EOs and PCs was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium and Candida albicans using disc diffusion and broth microdilution assays. The compositional analysis of citrus peel EOs revealed that limonene was the major volatile constituent, comprising 81.38%, 79.39%, 76.40% and 52.35% of grapefruit, mandarin, orange and lemon EOs, respectively. In addition, naringenin was the most abundant PC in grapefruit, orange and mandarin peel methanolic extracts, whereas catechin was the major PC in lemon peel. Lemon EO displayed the highest inhibitory effects against the investigated Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as candida albicans. Moreover, mandarin PCs exhibited the highest antibacterial effects, while orange PCs displayed the highest anticandidal effects. Furthermore, Gram-positive bacteria displayed higher sensitivity to both citrus peel EOs and PCs. Citrus peel extracts possess versatile bioactive compounds that can be utilized as promising antimicrobial candidates. -
{"title":"Comparative Phytochemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Citrus Peel Essential Oils and Phenolic Compounds","authors":"Sara A. Alsakhawy, H. H. Baghdadi, M. El-shenawy, Lobna S. El-Hosseiny","doi":"10.2174/2211352521666230418113927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211352521666230418113927","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000-\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Antimicrobial resistance is imposing an alarming public health threat in regard to the irrational use of the currently available antibiotics and the lack of new antimicrobials.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The current study aims to comparatively investigate the antimicrobial potential and phytochemical compositions of citrus peel essential oils (EOs) and phenolic compounds (PCs) as an approach to combat life threatening bacterial and fungal infections.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Citrus EOs and PCs were extracted from Citrus aurantifolia, Citrus reshni, Citrus latifolia and Citrus paradisi peels and phytochemically characterized by GC-MS and HPLC, respectively. The antimicrobial potential of citrus peel EOs and PCs was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium and Candida albicans using disc diffusion and broth microdilution assays.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The compositional analysis of citrus peel EOs revealed that limonene was the major volatile constituent, comprising 81.38%, 79.39%, 76.40% and 52.35% of grapefruit, mandarin, orange and lemon EOs, respectively. In addition, naringenin was the most abundant PC in grapefruit, orange and mandarin peel methanolic extracts, whereas catechin was the major PC in lemon peel. Lemon EO displayed the highest inhibitory effects against the investigated Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as candida albicans. Moreover, mandarin PCs exhibited the highest antibacterial effects, while orange PCs displayed the highest anticandidal effects. Furthermore, Gram-positive bacteria displayed higher sensitivity to both citrus peel EOs and PCs.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Citrus peel extracts possess versatile bioactive compounds that can be utilized as promising antimicrobial candidates.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000-\u0000","PeriodicalId":7951,"journal":{"name":"Anti-Infective Agents","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42948992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-17DOI: 10.2174/2211352521666230417121744
D. Patel
{"title":"Role of Herbal Medicine in Modern Medicinal Age: Importance of Coumarin, an Oxygen-containing Heterocyclic Compound of Benzopyrone Chemical Class","authors":"D. Patel","doi":"10.2174/2211352521666230417121744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211352521666230417121744","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:sec>\u0000<jats:title />\u0000<jats:p />\u0000</jats:sec>","PeriodicalId":7951,"journal":{"name":"Anti-Infective Agents","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44141254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.2174/2211352521666230331111623
Neelam Pawar, Pradeep Kundu, N. Minocha, Asha Poonia
The present work aims to develop an analytical method and validate it to determine the assay of an antibacterial dug-in gel formulation. Background: Analytical Method Validation is a process involving confirmation studies that procedure/ method/ system/ analyst provides precise and reproducible outcome recognized by research laboratory studies that the performance features of the technique follows the necessities required for the analytical applications. Analytical Method Validation is a process involving confirmation studies that procedure/ method/ system/ analyst provides precise and reproducible outcomes recognized by research laboratory studies that the performance features of the technique follow the necessities required for the analytical applications. Analytical Method Validation is a process involving confirmation studies that procedure/ method/ system/ analyst provides precise and reproducible outcomes recognized by research laboratory studies that the performance features of the technique follow the necessities required for the analytical applications. Objective: To improve the conditions and parameters which should be followed in the development and validation by developing a new sensitive and accurate RP-HPLC method. Validating the proposed newly developed methods per the analytical parameters mentioned in the IP, USP, BP and ICH guidelines. HPLC method was validated to indicate that the analytical procedure used is suitable for intended use by using various parameters like specificity, linearity, LOD, LOQ, precision, accuracy, range, robustness, stability in analytical solution and system suitability. HPLC method was validated to indicate that the analytical procedure used is suitable for intended use by using various parameters like specificity, linearity, LOD, LOQ, precision, accuracy, range, robustness, stability in analytical solution and system suitability. The standard retention times for the Drug Besifloxacin were 7.781 min, and the sample was 7.731, respectively. The area of standard besifloxacin was 1828547, and the sample area was 1825315. The assay of the sample was 98%. The retention times for the drug Phenoxyethanol standard were found to be 2.010 min, and the sample was at 2.004, respectively. The Area of standard Phenoxyethanol was 438025, and the sample area was 438103. The assay of the sample was 97.04%. The RSD for 5 replicate injections for each peak is 0.33% in system suitability. In specificity, peaks of Diluent, Placebo & Impurities are not interfering with the Besifloxacin peaks. Peaks of Besifloxacin were found to be pure. Degradation products were found to be well separated from the besifloxacin peak. The peak purity factor was NLT 0.9995. In the precision study, the System Precision RSD of the Retention time for Besifloxacin obtained from six replicate injections was 0.33%. The RSD of the Area of Besifloxacin obtained from six replicate injections is 0.46%. Method precision RSD was cal
{"title":"Analytical Method Development and Validation for\u0000Determination of Assay of Antibacterial Drugs Besifloxacin Hydrochloride and Phenoxyethanol in Gel Formulation","authors":"Neelam Pawar, Pradeep Kundu, N. Minocha, Asha Poonia","doi":"10.2174/2211352521666230331111623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211352521666230331111623","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The present work aims to develop an analytical method and validate it to determine the assay of an antibacterial dug-in gel formulation.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Background: Analytical Method Validation is a process involving confirmation studies that procedure/ method/ system/ analyst provides precise and reproducible outcome recognized by research laboratory studies that the performance features of the technique follows the necessities required for the analytical applications.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Analytical Method Validation is a process involving confirmation studies that procedure/ method/ system/ analyst provides precise and reproducible outcomes recognized by research laboratory studies that the performance features of the technique follow the necessities required for the analytical applications.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Analytical Method Validation is a process involving confirmation studies that procedure/ method/ system/ analyst provides precise and reproducible outcomes recognized by research laboratory studies that the performance features of the technique follow the necessities required for the analytical applications.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Objective: To improve the conditions and parameters which should be followed in the development and validation by developing a new sensitive and accurate RP-HPLC method. Validating the proposed newly developed methods per the analytical parameters mentioned in the IP, USP, BP and ICH guidelines.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000HPLC method was validated to indicate that the analytical procedure used is suitable for intended use by using various parameters like specificity, linearity, LOD, LOQ, precision, accuracy, range, robustness, stability in analytical solution and system suitability.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000HPLC method was validated to indicate that the analytical procedure used is suitable for intended use by using various parameters like specificity, linearity, LOD, LOQ, precision, accuracy, range, robustness, stability in analytical solution and system suitability.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The standard retention times for the Drug Besifloxacin were 7.781 min, and the sample was 7.731, respectively. The area of standard besifloxacin was 1828547, and the sample area was 1825315. The assay of the sample was 98%. The retention times for the drug Phenoxyethanol standard were found to be 2.010 min, and the sample was at 2.004, respectively. The Area of standard Phenoxyethanol was 438025, and the sample area was 438103. The assay of the sample was 97.04%. The RSD for 5 replicate injections for each peak is 0.33% in system suitability. In specificity, peaks of Diluent, Placebo & Impurities are not interfering with the Besifloxacin peaks. Peaks of Besifloxacin were found to be pure. Degradation products were found to be well separated from the besifloxacin peak. The peak purity factor was NLT 0.9995. In the precision study, the System Precision RSD of the Retention time for Besifloxacin obtained from six replicate injections was 0.33%. The RSD of the Area of Besifloxacin obtained from six replicate injections is 0.46%. Method precision RSD was cal","PeriodicalId":7951,"journal":{"name":"Anti-Infective Agents","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43483227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.2174/2211352521666230331095207
Z. Yusuf, Aynalem Getahun, M. Desta
Carica Papaya L. is widely cultivated for food and traditional medicine throughout the World due to its rich source of bioactive compounds in its fruit, leaves, latex and stem. The aim of this work was to assess the physicochemical properties, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of oils extracted from papaya seeds, fruit pulp and rind using the solvent extraction method. The aim of this work was to assess the physicochemical properties, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of oils extracted from papaya seeds, fruit pulp and rind using solvent extraction method. Hexane mediated extraction of oil was made. Then, physicochemical properties of the oil extracts were based on the determination of oil yield, specific gravity, acid value, free fatty acid and peroxide value, while the antioxidant activities were conducted based on ascorbic acid content, DPPH and hydrogen peroxide free radical scavenging activities. The antimicrobial experiment was conducted based on disc diffusion and broth dilution methods. The result of physicochemical properties of papaya seeds, pulp and rind oil extracts demonstrated significantly the highest oil yield (42.50%) and specific gravity (0.85) obtained for seed oil. Significantly the highest DPPH (19.35%), and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities (32.45%) were recorded for seed oil extract. The strongest antibacterial activity with maximum zone of inhibition (18.50mm), minimum inhibitory concentration MIC (0.03µg/ml) and minimum bactericidal concentration MBC (0.05 µg/ml) for seed oil extract against S. pyogenes were recorded. However, the strongest antifungal activity with maximum zone of inhibition (16.75mm), MIC (0.05µg/ml) and MFC (0.10µg/ml) against C. albicans was recorded for rind oil extract against C. albicans. It can be concluded from the result of this study that seed oil was found to have antioxidant and antibacterial potential but fruit rind oil extract was the most effective antifungal in papaya. It can be concluded from the result of this study that seed oil was found to be the best for antioxidant and antibacterial potential but fruit rind oil extract was the most effective antifungal in papaya.
{"title":"Biological Activities of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Seed, Rind and Pulp Oil Extracts","authors":"Z. Yusuf, Aynalem Getahun, M. Desta","doi":"10.2174/2211352521666230331095207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211352521666230331095207","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Carica Papaya L. is widely cultivated for food and traditional medicine throughout the World due to its rich source of bioactive compounds in its fruit, leaves, latex and stem.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The aim of this work was to assess the physicochemical properties, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of oils extracted from papaya seeds, fruit pulp and rind using the solvent extraction method.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The aim of this work was to assess the physicochemical properties, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of oils extracted from papaya seeds, fruit pulp and rind using solvent extraction method.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Hexane mediated extraction of oil was made. Then, physicochemical properties of the oil extracts were based on the determination of oil yield, specific gravity, acid value, free fatty acid and peroxide value, while the antioxidant activities were conducted based on ascorbic acid content, DPPH and hydrogen peroxide free radical scavenging activities. The antimicrobial experiment was conducted based on disc diffusion and broth dilution methods.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The result of physicochemical properties of papaya seeds, pulp and rind oil extracts demonstrated significantly the highest oil yield (42.50%) and specific gravity (0.85) obtained for seed oil. Significantly the highest DPPH (19.35%), and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities (32.45%) were recorded for seed oil extract. The strongest antibacterial activity with maximum zone of inhibition (18.50mm), minimum inhibitory concentration MIC (0.03µg/ml) and minimum bactericidal concentration MBC (0.05 µg/ml) for seed oil extract against S. pyogenes were recorded. However, the strongest antifungal activity with maximum zone of inhibition (16.75mm), MIC (0.05µg/ml) and MFC (0.10µg/ml) against C. albicans was recorded for rind oil extract against C. albicans.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000It can be concluded from the result of this study that seed oil was found to have antioxidant and antibacterial potential but fruit rind oil extract was the most effective antifungal in papaya.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000It can be concluded from the result of this study that seed oil was found to be the best for antioxidant and antibacterial potential but fruit rind oil extract was the most effective antifungal in papaya.\u0000","PeriodicalId":7951,"journal":{"name":"Anti-Infective Agents","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49176433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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