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Chemical composition and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties of hexane extracts from the roots of Centaurea acaulis and Centaurea pullata 半人马和白斑半人马根己烷提取物的化学成分及抗氧化、抗炎和神经保护作用
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-06-10 DOI: 10.2174/2211352520666220610113750
Lyna Benhamidat, M. A. Dib, O. Bensaid, Assia Keniche, Ibtisem El Ouar, A. Muselli
In herbal medicine, Centaurea are used in the treatment of many diseases such as dizziness, headaches, reduce inflammatory pain and liver disease. The roots of Centaurea acaulis and Centaurea pullata have not yet been studied for biological properties.The aim of this research was to evaluate the chemical composition and the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and neuroprotective properties of hexane extracts of Centaurea acaulis and Centaurea pullata roots, and their major component, aplotaxene.The hexane extract was prepared by the maceration process and identified by GC and GC-MS. Aplotaxene was isolated by flash chromatography. The Antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH, the β-carotene bleaching and FRAP methods. Anti-inflammatory effect was assessed by egg albumin denaturation assay and the neuroprotective activity was assessed against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE).The chemical composition of hexane extract of Centaurea pullata was mainly represented by non-terpenic compounds such as Aplotaxene (80.3%), while, hexane extract of Centaurea acaulis was characterized by high levels of Aplotaxene (56.9%), 9-oxabicyclo(6,1,0)nonane (9.2%), Caryophyllene oxide (8.3%) and Isocaryophyllene (6.0%). The hexane extracts of the two Centaurea showed very good antioxidant activities with all three methods. Aplotaxene has shown excellent antioxidant activity compared to BHT and ascorbic acid. Centaurea acaulis hexane extract showed very high anti-inflammatory activity with an IC50 of 0.76 mg/L in the egg albumin denaturation test compared to diclofenac (IC50 of 1.01 mg/L). The extract of Centaurea pullata and Aplotaxene showed an interesting anti-inflammatory activity with IC50s of 1.72 and 1.36 mg/L, but which remains lower than that of diclofenac sodium. The neuroprotective activity of Centurea pullata and Centaurea acaulis extracts, and Aplotaxene did not show inhibition against AChE, whereas they inhibited BChE with IC50 values of 92.3, 583, and 81.5 mg/L, respectively.Further analysis is still needed to further demonstrate the biological efficacy of Centaurea acaulis and Centaurea pullata extracts and Aplotaxene.
在草药中,半人马被用于治疗许多疾病,如头晕、头痛、减轻炎症性疼痛和肝脏疾病。半人马(Centaurea acaulis)和半人马(Centaurea pullata)的根尚未被研究过生物学特性。研究了半人马根和白半人马根的己烷提取物及其主要成分阿倍杉烯的化学成分及其抗炎、抗氧化和神经保护作用。采用浸渍法制备己烷提取物,并采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对其进行鉴定。采用闪蒸色谱法分离得到了紫杉烯。采用DPPH法、β-胡萝卜素漂白法和FRAP法评价其抗氧化活性。采用蛋白蛋白变性试验评估其抗炎作用,并对乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)和丁基胆碱酯酶(BChE)的神经保护活性进行评估。半毛蕊花己烷提取物的化学成分主要为紫杉烯(80.3%)等非萜烯类化合物,而半毛蕊花己烷提取物的化学成分主要为高含量的紫杉烯(56.9%)、9-氧沙环壬烷(6,1,0)壬烷(9.2%)、氧化石竹烯(8.3%)和异石竹烯(6.0%)。两种半人马属植物的己烷提取物均表现出良好的抗氧化活性。与BHT和抗坏血酸相比,紫杉烯具有优异的抗氧化活性。与双氯芬酸(IC50为1.01 mg/L)相比,半马尾草己烷提取物具有较高的抗炎活性,其IC50为0.76 mg/L。白头马和紫杉烯提取物的ic50值分别为1.72和1.36 mg/L,但仍低于双氯芬酸钠。半马齿苋、半马齿苋提取物和紫杉烯对AChE无抑制作用,对BChE有抑制作用,IC50值分别为92.3、583和81.5 mg/L。半人马提取物、半人马提取物和阿plotaxene的生物学功效有待进一步的分析。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Viral Load Suppression on CD4+ T-cell count and BMI following combine Antiretroviral Therapy (cART): preliminary findings in a resource poor setting 联合抗逆转录病毒治疗(cART)后病毒载量抑制对CD4+ t细胞计数和BMI的影响:在资源贫乏环境中的初步发现
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-06-02 DOI: 10.2174/1573404819666220602110733
O. Balogun, B. Shuaib, Usman Abdulrasheed Usman, A. Yusuf
Immunological CD4+ T cell gain is representative of an effective response to combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) in HIV-infected persons. Nevertheless, baseline clinical and socio-demographic factors are significant moderators of this response.This study investigates the impact of viral suppression on immune reconstitution and body mass index (BMI) following ART initiation in Zaria, a resource-poor subpopulation in Northwestern Nigeria.A hospital-based prospective study was conducted among 44 cART-naïve HIV-positive individuals. BMI, CD4 counts and viral load were measured using standard methods at baseline and six months after initiation of cART.There was no significant difference in the CD4+ T-cell count at baseline and 6 months on cART along the different categories (C: < 200 cells/mm3, B: 200-499 cell/mm3, A: >500 cell/mm3). However, ~90% of subjects in category C had immunological failure 6 months on cART. The number of subjects with viral copies < 1000/ml at baseline was 7(16%), while at 6 months on cART the number increased to 35(80%), P<0.05. Viral suppression (VL copies <1000/ml) was significantly correlated with immune recovery (CD4 count > 200 cell/mm3) in obese individuals (P<0.02). There was a significant association between subjects with CD4+ count < 200 cells/mm3 after 6 months on ART and having a baseline VL copies of <1000/ml and low BMI (aOR 2.2 and 2.4 respectively, p≤0.05).Findings from this study suggest a high prevalence of paradoxical VL suppression but not immune CD4 gain in the studied subjects following cART. Larger studies are needed to corroborate these findings.
免疫CD4+ T细胞增益是hiv感染者对联合抗逆转录病毒治疗(cART)的有效反应的代表。然而,基线临床和社会人口因素是这种反应的重要调节因素。本研究调查了病毒抑制对尼日利亚西北部资源贫乏亚群Zaria开始抗逆转录病毒治疗后免疫重建和体重指数(BMI)的影响。一项基于医院的前瞻性研究在44 cART-naïve艾滋病毒阳性个体中进行。在基线和开始cART后6个月,使用标准方法测量BMI、CD4计数和病毒载量。CD4+ t细胞计数在基线和cART治疗6个月时的不同类别(C: < 200个细胞/mm3, B: 200-499个细胞/mm3, A: >500个细胞/mm3)无显著差异。然而,C类约90%的受试者在cART治疗6个月后出现免疫功能衰竭。基线时病毒拷贝数< 1000/ml的受试者为7人(16%),而在cART治疗6个月时,肥胖个体的病毒拷贝数增加到35人(80%),p200细胞/mm3 (P<0.02)。接受ART治疗6个月后CD4+计数< 200 cells/mm3与基线VL拷贝<1000/ml和低BMI之间存在显著相关性(aOR分别为2.2和2.4,p≤0.05)。本研究的结果表明,在cART后的研究对象中,VL抑制的发生率很高,但免疫CD4增加的发生率不高。需要更大规模的研究来证实这些发现。
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引用次数: 0
Disulfiram: A Repurposed Drug in Preclinical and Clinical Development for the Treatment of Infectious Diseases. 双硫仑:一种用于治疗传染病的临床前和临床开发的再用途药物。
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.2174/2211352520666220104104747
Marco M Custodio, Jennifer Sparks, Timothy E Long

This article reviews preclinical and clinical studies on the repurposed use of disulfiram (Antabuse) as an antimicrobial agent. Preclinical research covered on the alcohol sobriety aid includes uses as an anti-MRSA agent, a carbapenamase inhibitor, antifungal drug for candidiasis, and treatment for parasitic diseases due to protozoa (e.g., giardiasis, leishmaniasis, malaria) and helminthes (e.g., schistosomiasis, trichuriasis). Past, current, and pending clinical studies on disulfiram as a post-Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS) therapy, an HIV latency reversal agent, and intervention for COVID-19 infections are also reviewed..

本文综述了双硫仑作为抗菌剂的临床前和临床研究。关于酒精清醒援助的临床前研究包括用作抗耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌剂、碳青霉酶抑制剂、用于治疗念珠菌病的抗真菌药物,以及治疗由原生动物(如贾第虫病、利什曼病、疟疾)和寄生虫(如血吸虫病、滴虫病)引起的寄生虫病。本文还回顾了双硫仑作为莱姆病后综合征(PTLDS)治疗、HIV潜伏期逆转剂和COVID-19感染干预措施的过去、现在和即将进行的临床研究。
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引用次数: 6
Therapeutic Efficacy of Polyherbal formulation Kabasura kudineer against common viral fevers – A perspective review 复方Kabasura kudineer治疗常见病毒性发热的疗效综述
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-05-27 DOI: 10.2174/2211352520666220527102858
K. S. Jeyarajaguru, Selvaraj Kunjiappan, Hemapriya Sundaresan, Subikshaa Mahesh, Gowshiki Srinivasan
COVID-19 viral infection is a worldwide pandemic that created a major concern regarding the need for a suitable drug candidate for viral infections. The entire scientific community is putting up their entire efforts and research to find a proper cure for this. The traditional Indian Siddha system of medicine is one of the oldest forms of medicine which includes medicine, Varma, alchemy, yoga, and rejuvenation.Kabasura kudineer is one of the Siddha herbal preparations that are being recommended by the State government of Tamilnadu, India for protection against COVID-19. It is recommended due to its claims to have anti-viral properties and other numerous health benefits.This article provides a thorough examination of the Kabasurakudineer which is a polyherbal formulation comprising 15 powerful ancient Indian herbals in it that possess various potential phytochemicals providing numerous therapeutic activities. Also, the review highlights the most important therapeutic benefits of this formulation like anti-viral properties along with other activities such as immunomodulatory, bronchodilatory, anti-asthmatic, etc.,The role of Kabasurakudineer against viral diseases especially the recent COVID-19 is tremendous and there is a need to enhance further research on this powerful formulation to make it more efficient and useful to the entire people community.
新冠肺炎病毒感染是一种全球大流行,它引起了人们对是否需要合适的病毒感染候选药物的主要担忧。整个科学界都在全力以赴,进行研究,以找到合适的治疗方法。传统的印度悉达医学体系是最古老的医学形式之一,包括医学、瓦尔玛、炼金术、瑜伽和复兴。Kabasura kudineer是印度Tamilnadu州政府推荐的Siddha草药制剂之一,用于预防新冠肺炎。它被推荐是因为它声称具有抗病毒特性和其他许多健康益处。本文对Kabasurakudiener进行了彻底的研究,它是一种多羟基制剂,其中含有15种强效的古印度草药,具有各种潜在的植物化学物质,具有多种治疗活性。此外,该综述强调了该制剂最重要的治疗益处,如抗病毒特性以及其他活性,如免疫调节、支气管扩张、抗哮喘等。,Kabasuakudineer对病毒性疾病,特别是最近的新冠肺炎的作用是巨大的,有必要加强对这种强大配方的进一步研究,使其对整个人类社区更加有效和有用。
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引用次数: 0
Computational studies and Biological Evaluation on Synthesized Lead 1,3-diphenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole moiety as Anti-Infective agents 合成1,3-二苯基-4,5-二氢- 1h -吡唑铅抗感染剂的计算研究及生物学评价
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-05-23 DOI: 10.2174/2211352520666220523153545
E. Manickavalli, N. Kiruthiga, L. Vivekanandan, A. Roy, T. Sivakumar
Chronic non communicable diseases were interlinked with inflammation and infections should response to starting core of major diseases in both acute and chronic conditions. In drug discovery, development of a drug which acts as anti-infective agents (anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory) must be ideal and challenging for management of many chronic diseases.In this study, six lead pyrazoline hybrids were synthesized by cyclization of chalcones and characterized by various spectroscopic and elemental analysis. All synthesized compounds were screened for anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial activity by computational tools and biological evaluation.Synthesized pyrazoline analogues were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques and evaluated for prediction of pharmacokinetics, physicochemical properties and Molecular docking studies of various targeted enzymes on microbial and inflammatory mediators. Those compounds were screened by anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory activities by several in-vitro and in-vivo methods.The synthesized compounds (A1-A6) were screened for anti-inflammatory activity in which compound A2 produced effective percentage inhibition (45.8 %) potent activity compared with that of standard indomethacin (49.7 %) in carrageenan paw edema method were observed. The anti-microbial activity was screened on synthesized compounds, among which A3 [2-(1,3-diphenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-5-yl) phenol, A2 [5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3-diphenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole] produced potential percentage zone of inhibition between 80 - 70 % for bacterial strains and 94 - 89 % for fungal strains were observed. The minimum inhibitory concentration values of those compounds were 1.56 to 6.25 µg/ml for bacterial strains and 1.56 to 12.5 µg/ml for fungal strains were noted compared with the standard gatifloxacin and clotrimazole, respectively. The molecular docking, pharmacokinetics and toxicity predictions on those compounds were supported further for the development of potent anti-infective agents.The hypothesis of this research was correlated with the results of anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial activity. The binding interactions of respective enzymes were coincided with reduction of paw edema in anti-inflammatory model and zone of inhibition in anti-microbial activity were observed.
慢性非传染性疾病与炎症相互关联,感染应是急性和慢性主要疾病的起始核心。在药物发现方面,开发一种作为抗感染剂(抗微生物和抗炎)的药物必须是理想的,也是许多慢性疾病管理的挑战。本文采用查尔酮环化法合成了6个吡唑啉铅杂化物,并通过各种光谱和元素分析对其进行了表征。所有合成的化合物通过计算工具和生物学评价筛选抗炎和抗微生物活性。利用各种光谱技术对合成的吡唑啉类似物进行了表征,并对其进行了药代动力学、理化性质预测和各种靶向酶在微生物和炎症介质上的分子对接研究。通过体外和体内的几种方法筛选了这些化合物的抗微生物和抗炎活性。对合成的化合物(a1 ~ a6)进行抗炎活性筛选,其中化合物A2的抑制率为45.8%,与标准吲哚美辛的抑制率(49.7%)相比,在卡拉胶足跖水肿法中观察到较强的抑制率。对合成的化合物进行抑菌活性筛选,其中A3[2-(1,3-二苯基-4,5-二氢- 1h -吡唑-5-基)苯酚,A2[5-(4-氯苯基)-1,3-二苯基-4,5-二氢- 1h -吡唑]对细菌和真菌的抑制率分别为80 ~ 70%和94 ~ 89%。与标准品加替沙星和氯霉唑相比,这些化合物对细菌和真菌的最低抑菌浓度分别为1.56 ~ 6.25µg/ml和1.56 ~ 12.5µg/ml。这些化合物的分子对接、药代动力学和毒性预测为开发有效的抗感染药物提供了进一步的支持。本研究的假设与抗炎和抗微生物活性的结果相关。在抗炎模型中,各酶的结合相互作用与足跖水肿的减轻一致,并观察到抑菌活性的抑制区。
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引用次数: 0
In silico studies of Plant-Derived Bioactive compounds of Wedelia species Wedelia属植物源性生物活性化合物的硅片研究
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-05-17 DOI: 10.2174/2211352520666220517094604
N. Rani, Randhir Singh, Praveen Kumar
In India, several types of plants have been researched for the treatment of various ailments. Wedelia species, which belongs to the Asteraceae family, is one of the wonder plants that has been utilised in Unani, Ayurvedic, and Homeopathic treatment for a long time.The components of Wedelia species were investigated in order to create novel powerful anti-fungal drugs with low toxicity and high efficacy followed by high bioavailability.Molergo Virtual Docker was used to test the chemical components of the plant for antifungal potential against the enzyme 14-demethylase.According to the findings, about fifteen compounds were identified as promising compounds with a high dock score and number of interactions.These compounds can further be isolated and further be worked upon for future research.
在印度,有几种类型的植物被研究用于治疗各种疾病。属于菊科的凤梨属植物是一种神奇的植物,长期以来一直被用于Unani、阿育吠陀和顺势疗法。为了研制低毒、高效、生物利用度高的新型强效抗真菌药物,对凤梨属植物的成分进行了研究。Molergo Virtual Docker用于测试植物的化学成分对14-去甲基酶的抗真菌潜力。根据研究结果,大约有15种化合物被鉴定为具有高dock评分和大量相互作用的有前景的化合物。这些化合物可以进一步分离,并进一步用于未来的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of efficacy of remdesivir with supportive care alone in the treatment of critically sick adult and child COVID-19 patients: A randomized clinical trial 瑞德西韦与单独支持治疗治疗COVID-19危重成人和儿童患者的疗效比较:一项随机临床试验
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-05-17 DOI: 10.2174/2211352520666220517092803
A. Hormati, S. Ahmadpour, M. Ghadir, S. Ghomi, Javad Tafaroji, Z. Movahedi, Seyed Kamal Eshagh Hossaini, Morteza Khoshgoftar, Mina Gheitani
Seeking for new specific and effective drugs against Corona virus Diseases-2019 (COVID-19) is of great important. This study describes the efficacy of remdesivir with supportive care alone in the treatment of critically sick adult and child COVID-19 patients.This study was a one-blind placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial in adults (aged≥18 years) and children (aged≤12 years) in Iran. Patients were included if they had positive PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 infection , O2 saturation ≤88%, and compatible symptoms. All participants received standard care following national treatment guidelines. The treatment group received remdesivir (200 mg IV on day 1 and followed by 100 mg in single daily infusions). The control group received standard care and identically volume of placebo infusions (Water for injection) for 5 days. For pediatric patients, the intervention group received remdesivir (5mg/kg on the first day and then 5.2 mg/kg on days 2 to 5). Discharge from the hospital within 10 days of first treatment be considered as the primary endpoint of the study. Admission in the intensive care unit (ICU) be considered as original secondary endpoint of the study.141 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to two group (adults; 54 patients in the intervention group vs. 52 patients in the control group, and children; 17 patients in the intervention group vs. 18 patients in the control group). The mean time from the first symptoms until the referral to the hospital in adults patients were 5.61±2.67 day and 4.80±1.48 day for intervention and control groups respectively. The mean time from the first symptoms until death was reported significant and was longer for intervention group than the control group (24.83±11.25 vs 10.50±2.42 day; p value=0. 012). For children who receive remdesivir, the mean time between admission until death was reported significant, as the finding highlighted longer time duration for intervention group (13.55±0.72 vs 10.66±0.57 day; p value=0. 016). The mechanical ventilation was used in 17 patients (100%) and 18 patients (100%) in intervention and control groups respectively (p value=0.853).Among patients with critical COVID-19, those randomized to a 5-day receiving of remdesivir did have a statistically significant difference in clinical status compared with control group in both adults and children groups. Keywords: Infectious disease, COVID-19, Mechanical ventilation, treatment, remdesivirNo. IRCT20200405046953N1
寻找新的特异性和有效的药物治疗冠状病毒病-2019 (COVID-19)是非常重要的。本研究描述了瑞德西韦联合支持治疗在重症成人和儿童COVID-19患者中的疗效。本研究是一项在伊朗成人(≥18岁)和儿童(≤12岁)中进行的单盲、安慰剂对照、随机临床试验。SARS-CoV-2感染PCR检测阳性、血氧饱和度≤88%、症状相容者纳入。所有参与者均按照国家治疗指南接受标准治疗。治疗组给予瑞德西韦(第1天静脉注射200 mg,随后每日单次输注100 mg)。对照组患者给予标准治疗,并给予等量安慰剂(注射用水)输液5天。对于儿童患者,干预组给予瑞德西韦(第一天5mg/kg,第2天至第5天5.2 mg/kg)。首次治疗后10天内出院作为研究的主要终点。重症监护病房(ICU)住院被视为研究的原始次要终点。141例患者入组并随机分为两组(成人;干预组54例,对照组52例,儿童;干预组17例,对照组18例)。干预组和对照组成人患者从首次出现症状到转诊的平均时间分别为5.61±2.67天和4.80±1.48天。干预组从出现首次症状到死亡的平均时间显著长于对照组(24.83±11.25 vs 10.50±2.42);p值= 0。012)。对于接受瑞德西韦治疗的儿童,入院至死亡的平均时间具有显著性,因为研究结果突出了干预组的持续时间更长(13.55±0.72 vs 10.66±0.57天;p值= 0。016)。干预组和对照组分别有17例(100%)和18例(100%)采用机械通气(p值=0.853)。在COVID-19危重患者中,随机分组接受5天瑞德西韦治疗的成人组和儿童组的临床状态与对照组相比,确实存在统计学差异。关键词:传染病,COVID-19,机械通气,治疗,瑞德西韦IRCT20200405046953N1
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引用次数: 0
Hydroxychloroquine and Mortality in SARS-Cov-2 Infection; The HOPE- Covid-19 Registry. 羟氯喹与SARS-Cov-2感染死亡率的关系HOPE- Covid-19注册表。
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-05-14 DOI: 10.2174/2211352520666220514112951
I. Nuñez-Gil, L. Ayerbe, C. Fernández-Pérez, V. Estrada, Charbel Maroun Eid, R. Arroyo-Espliguero, R. Romero, V. Becerra-Muñoz, A. Uribarri, G. Feltes, D. Trabattoni, M. Molina, M. G. Aguado, M. Pepe, E. Cerrato, Jia Huang, Thamar Capel Astrua, Emilio Alfonso, Alex F Castro-Mejía, S. Raposeiras-Roubín, L. Buzón, C. E. Paeres, A. Mulet, N. Lal-Trehan, E. García-Vázquez, Ó. Fabregat-Andrés, I. Akin, Fabrizio D´ascenzo, Paula Gomez-Rosado, F. Ugo, A. Fernández-Ortiz, C. Macaya
Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) may be an effective, safe, and affordable treatment for Covid-19 that can be used in selected patients. However, more evidence on its association, when it is used in different stages of the disease, with clinical outcomes, is required. This observational study investigates the association between treatment with HCQ and mortality, in patients with Covid-19.The data from 6217 patients who died or were discharged from 24 Spanish hospitals, were analyzed. Propensity matching scores (PMS) were used.5094 patients received HCQ. Death was recorded for 17.5% of those who had HCQ and 34.1% of those who did not have it. Mortality was lower for those who had HCQ, OR=0.41 (95% CI=0.34-0.48). The PMS analysis also showed that mortality was lower for those receiving HCQ, OR=0.47 (95%CI=0.36-0.62). PMS analysis for categories revealed an association between HCQ and lowered mortality for patients over 65 years of age, with a past medical history of hypertension, for those who were diagnosed during admission with sepsis related organ failure, or pneumonia, and for those with lymphocytopenia, raised troponin, LDH, ferritin and D-dimer. No increase in mortality associated with HCQ was observed in any category of any of the variables investigated.HCQ could be associated with lower mortality for older patients, those with more severe disease and raised inflammatory markers. Further RCTs, observational studies, and summaries of both types of evidence on this topic, are necessary to select the precise profile of patients that may benefit from HCQ.
羟氯喹(HCQ)可能是一种有效、安全和负担得起的Covid-19治疗方法,可用于特定患者。然而,需要更多的证据来证明它在疾病的不同阶段使用时与临床结果的关联。这项观察性研究调查了Covid-19患者HCQ治疗与死亡率之间的关系。研究人员分析了来自西班牙24家医院的6217名死亡或出院患者的数据。采用倾向匹配评分(PMS)。5094例患者接受HCQ检测。HCQ患者的死亡率为17.5%,非HCQ患者的死亡率为34.1%。HCQ患者的死亡率较低,OR=0.41 (95% CI=0.34-0.48)。PMS分析还显示,接受HCQ治疗的患者死亡率较低,OR=0.47 (95%CI=0.36-0.62)。PMS分类分析显示HCQ与65岁以上、既往高血压病史、入院时诊断为败血症相关器官衰竭或肺炎、淋巴细胞减少症、肌钙蛋白、LDH、铁蛋白和d -二聚体升高的患者死亡率降低之间存在关联。在调查的任何变量的任何类别中,均未观察到与HCQ相关的死亡率增加。HCQ可能与老年患者(疾病更严重、炎症标志物升高的患者)较低的死亡率有关。进一步的随机对照试验、观察性研究以及关于这一主题的两种证据的总结,对于选择可能从HCQ中受益的患者的精确概况是必要的。
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引用次数: 1
Recent evidence-based treatments for COVID-19: A Review 新冠肺炎近期循证治疗综述
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-05-10 DOI: 10.2174/2211352520666220510140802
F. Ali, Varisha Anjum, G. Chauhan, Asad Ali, J. Ahamad
Corona virus disease (COVID-19) is a pandemic disease caused by SARS-COV2 that attacks primarily the respiratory system of the host. This disease was first reported in early December 2019, and the World Health Organization (WHO) classified the ongoing COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic disease causing global public health emergency by mid-January 2020. It is the human-to-human transmission that occurs by droplets, infected hands or surfaces with an incubation time of 2-14 days. It displays signs and symptoms, and if the disease progresses it leads to death. To avoid symptomatic symptoms or increase infection severity, early diagnosis, quarantine, and supportive care can help to cure the patient infected with COVID-19. Several attempts have been projected for the development of vaccines against COVID-19. As of July 2, 2021, 600 vaccine candidates worldwide were evaluated against SARS-CoV-2, in which 300 have reached out to the preclinical stage of their development. Presently, Moderna (mRNA-1273), Shenzhen Geno-Immune Medical Institute (LV-SMENP-DC), Shenzhen Geno-Immune Medical Institute (Pathogenspecific aAPC), CanSino Biologicals (Ad5-nCoV), Inovio Pharmaceuticals (INO-4800) have plunged into the phase I/II clinical trials (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov website; WHO). Scientists are increasingly seeking a key hide behind pathogenic pathways and epidemiological features, as well as future drug goals, which will lead to the development of successful strategies for prevention and treatment. Based on the current published data, we summarize the structure, life cycle of SARS-CoV2 and the various product categories available as anti-COVID-19 agents (antiviral), with special emphasis on Chinese herbal medicines, which were licensed as anti-COVID agent by the Chinese Government. Such knowledge can be used as guidelines for COVID-19 clinical therapy.
冠状病毒病(COVID-19)是由SARS-COV2引起的一种大流行疾病,主要攻击宿主的呼吸系统。该疾病于2019年12月初首次报告,世界卫生组织(世卫组织)于2020年1月中旬将正在进行的COVID-19疫情列为引起全球突发公共卫生事件的大流行疾病。它是通过飞沫、受感染的手或表面发生的人际传播,潜伏期为2-14天。它表现出体征和症状,如果病情恶化,就会导致死亡。为避免出现症状或增加感染严重程度,早期诊断、隔离和支持性护理有助于治愈感染COVID-19的患者。针对COVID-19疫苗的开发已经进行了几次尝试。截至2021年7月2日,全球已有600种候选疫苗对SARS-CoV-2进行了评估,其中300种已进入临床前开发阶段。目前,Moderna (mRNA-1273)、深圳市基因免疫医学研究所(LV-SMENP-DC)、深圳市基因免疫医学研究所(病原体特异性aAPC)、cansio Biologicals (Ad5-nCoV)、Inovio Pharmaceuticals (INO-4800)已进入I/II期临床试验(来源:ClinicalTrials.gov网站;世卫组织)。科学家们正在越来越多地寻找致病途径和流行病学特征背后的关键隐藏,以及未来的药物目标,这将导致制定成功的预防和治疗策略。根据目前已发表的数据,我们总结了SARS-CoV2的结构、生命周期和可用的抗covid -19药物(抗病毒)的各种产品类别,特别强调了中国政府批准的抗covid -19药物。这些知识可以作为COVID-19临床治疗的指导方针。
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引用次数: 0
Antibacterial activity of Pulicaria odora leaf phenolics collected in Algeria 阿尔及利亚乌桕叶中酚类物质的抑菌活性
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.2174/2211352520666220501163744
N. Touati, K. Saidani, Yasmina Hassaini, Amel Kasri, F. Bedjou
Pulicaria is a genus of the Asteraceae family, tribe Inuleae, containing 100 species with a distribution from Europe to North Africa to Asia.In this work, the study is focused on the difference in phytochemical and antibacterial activity of Pulicaria odora harvested in two regions of northern Algeria.Two maceration extraction methods were used; at room temperature and bath shaker at 37 °C. Total phenolics and flavonoids were carried out using folin ciocalteu and aluminium chloride methods, respectively. Antibacterial activity was evaluated by agar diffusion method on four bacterial strains Listeria innocua, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.The results found showed that the highest total polyphenol content was 271,8 ± 22,52 mg gallic acid equivalent / g dry matter (mg GAE/g of DM); the best flavonoid content is 51,53 ± 4,42 mg quercetin equivalent / g of dry matter (mg QE/g of DM) harvested in Bejaia. The best level of total polyphenols and flavonoids from the plant harvested in the region of Tizi-Ouzou are 218,23 ± 12.33 mg GAE / g of DM, 54,15 ± 5,98 mg QE / g DM respectively. The two phenolic extracts obtained by the two solvents at a concentration of 70% are more active against S. aureus (17.66 mm for the sample of Bejaia at the concentration 1mg /20µL), while a moderate sensitivity is recorded against other strains for the two samples.Pulicaria odora leaf extract is strong against bacterial infection and can be used as medicinal remedy and in food industry.
Pulicaria是菊科,Inuleae部落的一个属,包含100种,分布在欧洲,北非和亚洲。在这项工作中,研究的重点是在阿尔及利亚北部两个地区收获的臭轮草的植物化学和抗菌活性的差异。采用两种浸渍提取方法;在室温和浴摇床在37°C。总酚和总黄酮分别用福林法和氯化铝法测定。采用琼脂扩散法对无性李斯特菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌4株细菌进行抑菌活性评价。结果表明:总多酚含量最高为271,8±22,52 mg没食子酸当量/g干物质(mg GAE/g DM);贝加亚采收的最佳黄酮类含量为51,53±4,42 mg槲皮素当量/g干物质(mg QE/g DM)。在提子瓯洲地区,总多酚和总黄酮的最佳含量分别为218、23±12.33 mg GAE / g DM和54、15±5、98 mg QE / g DM。两种溶剂在浓度为70%时得到的两种酚类提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌(S. aureus)的活性较高(浓度为1mg /20µL时,Bejaia样品的敏感性为17.66 mm),而两种样品对其他菌株的敏感性均为中等。藿香叶提取物对细菌感染有较强的抗感染作用,可作为药物和食品工业中使用。
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引用次数: 0
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Anti-Infective Agents
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