Pub Date : 2017-03-21DOI: 10.4172/2381-8719.1000284
Rahman Mm, Islam Mn
The river Padma had showed different planform pattern with the changes from meandering to braided, which varied spatially and temporally. Sequential left bankline migration of the Padma river at Harirampur upazila had been explored from topographic and aerial photography maps of 1765, 1860, 1925, 1943, 1952, 1963 and time series digital satellite images from 1973 to 2009, and also using geographic information services (GIS). The Padma was the narrowest channel in 1860 along Faridpur-Harirampur nodal line. The results by interpretation maps from 1860 to 1925 indicated that the left bankline migration of the Padma at Harirampur upazila was limited within a range of 2 km and it was limited to 2.6 km until 1963. But the river caused extreme bank line shifting towards the upazila around 10 km during 1973-2009 and created a deep embayment at this location. A particular erosion pattern developed a meandering bend and in one season, the lateral maximum highest erosion extent was 2200 m/year in 2000-2001. The left bank line has already started to retreat from Harirampur due to the development of a chute cutoff. The three locations (site 1, 2, 3) can be vulnerable to erosion by the construction of river training work at Mawa.
{"title":"Bank Erosion Pattern Analysis by Delineation of Course Migration of the Padma River at Harirampur Upazila Using Satellite Images and GIS Part II","authors":"Rahman Mm, Islam Mn","doi":"10.4172/2381-8719.1000284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2381-8719.1000284","url":null,"abstract":"The river Padma had showed different planform pattern with the changes from meandering to braided, which \u0000 varied spatially and temporally. Sequential left bankline migration of the Padma river at Harirampur upazila had been \u0000 explored from topographic and aerial photography maps of 1765, 1860, 1925, 1943, 1952, 1963 and time series \u0000 digital satellite images from 1973 to 2009, and also using geographic information services (GIS). The Padma was \u0000 the narrowest channel in 1860 along Faridpur-Harirampur nodal line. The results by interpretation maps from 1860 \u0000 to 1925 indicated that the left bankline migration of the Padma at Harirampur upazila was limited within a range of 2 \u0000 km and it was limited to 2.6 km until 1963. But the river caused extreme bank line shifting towards the upazila \u0000 around 10 km during 1973-2009 and created a deep embayment at this location. A particular erosion pattern \u0000 developed a meandering bend and in one season, the lateral maximum highest erosion extent was 2200 m/year in \u0000 2000-2001. The left bank line has already started to retreat from Harirampur due to the development of a chute cutoff. \u0000 The three locations (site 1, 2, 3) can be vulnerable to erosion by the construction of river training work at Mawa.","PeriodicalId":80381,"journal":{"name":"AGSO journal of Australian geology & geophysics","volume":"15 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84333654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-23DOI: 10.4172/2381-8719.1000282
M. Benammi, Hell Jv, M. Bessong, D. Nolla, J. Solé, M. Brunet
A magnetostratigraphic study has been carried out to constrain the age of the volcano-sedimentary Ngwa formation in the eastern part of the Dschang region. A stratigraphic section of about 80 meters thick corresponding to 26 sites has been sampled, and it is composed mainly of fine-grained sandstones, clays, lignite, volcanic sediment and tuffs. A magnetic study conducted on 56 samples shows one or two components of magnetization carried either by titanomagnetite, magnetite and Fe-sulphide. The section that was sampled shows one normal polarity and one reversed polarity. In the lower part of the section, a K-Ar radiometric dating was performed on the plagioclase minerals isolated from the tuffs level situated about 15 meters above the lignite seam, and gave an age of 20.1 ± 0.7 Ma. Constrained by this age, the observed polarity zones can be readily correlated with chrons C6An.1n-C6An.1r of the GPTS. This study suggests that the age of the lignite is comprised between 20.04 Ma and 20.21 Ma. The mean direction of the characteristic remanent magnetization documents a counterclockwise vertical axis rotation of about 8° with respect to the expected Lower Miocene direction derived from the Africa polar wander curve.
{"title":"Preliminary Magnetostratigraphic and Isotopic Dating of the Ngwa Formation (Dschang Western Cameroon)","authors":"M. Benammi, Hell Jv, M. Bessong, D. Nolla, J. Solé, M. Brunet","doi":"10.4172/2381-8719.1000282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2381-8719.1000282","url":null,"abstract":"A magnetostratigraphic study has been carried out to constrain the age of the volcano-sedimentary Ngwa formation in the eastern part of the Dschang region. A stratigraphic section of about 80 meters thick corresponding to 26 sites has been sampled, and it is composed mainly of fine-grained sandstones, clays, lignite, volcanic sediment and tuffs. A magnetic study conducted on 56 samples shows one or two components of magnetization carried either by titanomagnetite, magnetite and Fe-sulphide. The section that was sampled shows one normal polarity and one reversed polarity. In the lower part of the section, a K-Ar radiometric dating was performed on the plagioclase minerals isolated from the tuffs level situated about 15 meters above the lignite seam, and gave an age of 20.1 ± 0.7 Ma. Constrained by this age, the observed polarity zones can be readily correlated with chrons C6An.1n-C6An.1r of the GPTS. This study suggests that the age of the lignite is comprised between 20.04 Ma and 20.21 Ma. The mean direction of the characteristic remanent magnetization documents a counterclockwise vertical axis rotation of about 8° with respect to the expected Lower Miocene direction derived from the Africa polar wander curve.","PeriodicalId":80381,"journal":{"name":"AGSO journal of Australian geology & geophysics","volume":"52 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90062352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-30DOI: 10.4172/2381-8719.1000280
Oladosu Yc, Ogundipe Oy
The study determines the micropaleontological studies of Ewekoro sediments in South Western region of Nigeria. The area of the study lies between latitudes 6°47N-6°53N and longitudes 335E-3°40E. Samples were collected from fleshly exposed surface of Ewekoro formation of Dahomey basin at an interval of 2 m. These samples were subjected to lithological description to determine the grain size, color, sorting also to standard micropaleontological analysis to recover the foraminifera which were used to determine the age, paleonenvironment of deposition and stratigraphic equivalence of the formation. The study showed that the limestone at the basal part of the sequence were sub-angular to sub-rounded shaped, poorly sorted and with yellowish brown color indicate disturbed environment. While the upper shale are fined grained, greenish in color, dark-grey and showing high fissility. The foraminifera recovered include, Lenticulina degolyeri, globorotalia, pseudomonarrdii, Globigerina linaperta, Globigerina yeguaensis and cibicides sp. This is occurrence of some planktonic foraminifera which are indicative of marine environment. Therefore, there must have been an incursion of marine water into the environment. However, the paleoenvironment of deposition ranged from inner neritic to middle neritic.
{"title":"Micropaleotological studies of Ewekoro Sediments Southwestern Nigeria","authors":"Oladosu Yc, Ogundipe Oy","doi":"10.4172/2381-8719.1000280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2381-8719.1000280","url":null,"abstract":"The study determines the micropaleontological studies of Ewekoro sediments in South Western region of Nigeria. \u0000 The area of the study lies between latitudes 6°47N-6°53N and longitudes 335E-3°40E. Samples were collected from \u0000 fleshly exposed surface of Ewekoro formation of Dahomey basin at an interval of 2 m. These samples were subjected \u0000 to lithological description to determine the grain size, color, sorting also to standard micropaleontological analysis to \u0000 recover the foraminifera which were used to determine the age, paleonenvironment of deposition and stratigraphic \u0000 equivalence of the formation. The study showed that the limestone at the basal part of the sequence were sub-angular \u0000 to sub-rounded shaped, poorly sorted and with yellowish brown color indicate disturbed environment. While the upper \u0000 shale are fined grained, greenish in color, dark-grey and showing high fissility. The foraminifera recovered include, Lenticulina degolyeri, globorotalia, pseudomonarrdii, Globigerina linaperta, Globigerina yeguaensis and cibicides sp. \u0000 This is occurrence of some planktonic foraminifera which are indicative of marine environment. Therefore, there must \u0000 have been an incursion of marine water into the environment. However, the paleoenvironment of deposition ranged \u0000 from inner neritic to middle neritic.","PeriodicalId":80381,"journal":{"name":"AGSO journal of Australian geology & geophysics","volume":"15 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73658609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-30DOI: 10.4172/2381-8719.1000279
Elhag Ab
Due to human and human activities the groundwater is polluted. This is the serious problem now a century. Thus the analysis of the water quality is very important to preserve and prefect the natural ecosystem.The primary objective of this paper is to study the groundwater quality parameters. The mechanism of chemical reactions leading to the change in the composition of groundwater and source of the dissolved ions in the groundwater can be understood by Banaga's diagram. The Banaga method is not only shows graphically the nature of a given water sample and dictates the relationship to other samples but there are a number of different methods and schemes used to classify natural water quality, source, origin and determine their suitability for different purposes depending on the concentrations of the basic components. The new diagram is useful for better understanding the evolution of hydrochemical parameters of groundwater that can be by plotting the concentration of major cations and anions in percentage of meq/l, and it is divides the water quality into five types. The results of this analysis were compared with the water quality standards of Piper diagram.
{"title":"New Diagram Useful for Classification of Groundwater Quality","authors":"Elhag Ab","doi":"10.4172/2381-8719.1000279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2381-8719.1000279","url":null,"abstract":"Due to human and human activities the groundwater is polluted. This is the serious problem now a century. Thus \u0000 the analysis of the water quality is very important to preserve and prefect the natural ecosystem.The primary objective \u0000 of this paper is to study the groundwater quality parameters. \u0000 The mechanism of chemical reactions leading to the change in the composition of groundwater and source of the \u0000 dissolved ions in the groundwater can be understood by Banaga's diagram. The Banaga method is not only shows \u0000 graphically the nature of a given water sample and dictates the relationship to other samples but there are a number of \u0000 different methods and schemes used to classify natural water quality, source, origin and determine their suitability for \u0000 different purposes depending on the concentrations of the basic components. \u0000 The new diagram is useful for better understanding the evolution of hydrochemical parameters of groundwater \u0000 that can be by plotting the concentration of major cations and anions in percentage of meq/l, and it is divides the water \u0000quality into five types. The results of this analysis were compared with the water quality standards of Piper diagram.","PeriodicalId":80381,"journal":{"name":"AGSO journal of Australian geology & geophysics","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89897289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-25DOI: 10.4172/2381-8719.1000278
Nyakundi Er, Githiri Jg, W. Ambusso
In this study, gravity survey was used to investigate the geothermal potential field in Gilgil area Nakuru County, Kenya. The ground based CG-5 Autograv gravimeter was used to accurately measure gravity at each field station. A total of 147 gravity stations were established over an area of about 68 km2 and gravity corrections done. The complete bouguer anomaly was computed and a contour map for the study area plotted using surfer 8.0 software. Qualitative interpretation of the map shows gravity highs in the study area which were interpreted as dense bodies within the subsurface. Five profiles along the gravity highs were drawn and oriented in the directions SW-NE, NW-SE and almost N-S. The regional trend of the profiles was subtracted from the observed data yielding the residual anomaly. 2D Euler deconvolution was done on the profile data and revealed subsurface faults and bodies at a depth range of 790m-4331m. Forward modelling of selected profiles using Grav 2DC software revealed presence of dense intrusive bodies on the northern and southern parts of the study area with the density contrast range of 0.25-0.28. These bodies were interpreted as intrusive dykes that have higher density than surrounding rocks. Such intrusive dykes may be geothermal heat sources.
{"title":"Geophysical Investigation of Geothermal Potential of the Gilgil Area Nakuru County, Kenya Using Gravity","authors":"Nyakundi Er, Githiri Jg, W. Ambusso","doi":"10.4172/2381-8719.1000278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2381-8719.1000278","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, gravity survey was used to investigate the geothermal potential field in Gilgil area Nakuru County, Kenya. The ground based CG-5 Autograv gravimeter was used to accurately measure gravity at each field station. A total of 147 gravity stations were established over an area of about 68 km2 and gravity corrections done. The complete bouguer anomaly was computed and a contour map for the study area plotted using surfer 8.0 software. Qualitative interpretation of the map shows gravity highs in the study area which were interpreted as dense bodies within the subsurface. Five profiles along the gravity highs were drawn and oriented in the directions SW-NE, NW-SE and almost N-S. The regional trend of the profiles was subtracted from the observed data yielding the residual anomaly. 2D Euler deconvolution was done on the profile data and revealed subsurface faults and bodies at a depth range of 790m-4331m. Forward modelling of selected profiles using Grav 2DC software revealed presence of dense intrusive bodies on the northern and southern parts of the study area with the density contrast range of 0.25-0.28. These bodies were interpreted as intrusive dykes that have higher density than surrounding rocks. Such intrusive dykes may be geothermal heat sources.","PeriodicalId":80381,"journal":{"name":"AGSO journal of Australian geology & geophysics","volume":"40 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79540858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-25DOI: 10.4172/2381-8719.1000277
Y. Srinivas, R. Singh, R. Banerjee, P. Sharma, M. Verma
Disequilibrium studies were attempted on mineralised core samples (n=870) from Koppunuru uranium deposit located in south-western part of Palnad sub-basin, Guntur district, Andhra Pradesh, India. The area exposes Banganapalle quartzites unconformably deposited over altered biotite granite (basement). Uranium mineralisation in Koppunuru deposit is hosted by Banganapalle quartzites well above the unconformity, and grit/basement granite close to the unconformity contact. For disequilibrium studies, the core samples were broadly divided in two groups, (a) quartzite hosted (above unconformity) and (b) basement granite hosted mineralisation (below unconformity). Average disequilibrium factor of 41% has been recorded in favour of parent uranium in both types of core samples. It shows significant enrichment of uranium in the system as evident from 41% of disequilibrium in favour of parent uranium. This is probably due to significant migration of some of the daughter radio nuclides due to dissolution of minerals by groundwater action. Besides, the escape of radioactive radon might have accentuated the disequilibrium factor thus increasing the grade of uranium mineralization. The presence of fractures and faults in the study area are the probable conduits for radon migration/escape. Linear regression coefficient between uranium and radium is 0.98 indicates invariability of disequilibrium irrespective of grade.
{"title":"Radioactive Disequilibrium Studies in Uranium Series of Core Samples of Koppunuru Area, Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, India","authors":"Y. Srinivas, R. Singh, R. Banerjee, P. Sharma, M. Verma","doi":"10.4172/2381-8719.1000277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2381-8719.1000277","url":null,"abstract":"Disequilibrium studies were attempted on mineralised core samples (n=870) from Koppunuru uranium deposit located in south-western part of Palnad sub-basin, Guntur district, Andhra Pradesh, India. The area exposes Banganapalle quartzites unconformably deposited over altered biotite granite (basement). Uranium mineralisation in Koppunuru deposit is hosted by Banganapalle quartzites well above the unconformity, and grit/basement granite close to the unconformity contact. For disequilibrium studies, the core samples were broadly divided in two groups, (a) quartzite hosted (above unconformity) and (b) basement granite hosted mineralisation (below unconformity). Average disequilibrium factor of 41% has been recorded in favour of parent uranium in both types of core samples. It shows significant enrichment of uranium in the system as evident from 41% of disequilibrium in favour of parent uranium. This is probably due to significant migration of some of the daughter radio nuclides due to dissolution of minerals by groundwater action. Besides, the escape of radioactive radon might have accentuated the disequilibrium factor thus increasing the grade of uranium mineralization. The presence of fractures and faults in the study area are the probable conduits for radon migration/escape. Linear regression coefficient between uranium and radium is 0.98 indicates invariability of disequilibrium irrespective of grade.","PeriodicalId":80381,"journal":{"name":"AGSO journal of Australian geology & geophysics","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75971772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2381-8719.1000322
J. Srinaiah, D. Raju, G. Udayalaxmi, G. Ramadass
Application of well logging techniques comprising density, short normal resistivity, long normal resistivity, resistance, self-potential, natural gamma and calliper logs from five wells in Auranga coal field Jharkhand state India, were (The analysis was) carried out to evaluate the fields coal seams prospect i.e. identify lithology and study physical properties based on log data from the five boreholes. We have been identified from combined signatures of available physical properties logs against coal seams and non-coal litho units. Data was acquired and interpreted by software’s Robertson geologging win logger and Well cad software (Version 6.3) respectively. The coal seams are in between shale or sandstone.
{"title":"Application of Well Logging Techniques for Identification of Coal Seams: A Case Study of Auranga Coalfield, Latehar District, Jharkhand State, India","authors":"J. Srinaiah, D. Raju, G. Udayalaxmi, G. Ramadass","doi":"10.4172/2381-8719.1000322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2381-8719.1000322","url":null,"abstract":"Application of well logging techniques comprising density, short normal resistivity, long normal resistivity, resistance, self-potential, natural gamma and calliper logs from five wells in Auranga coal field Jharkhand state India, were (The analysis was) carried out to evaluate the fields coal seams prospect i.e. identify lithology and study physical properties based on log data from the five boreholes. We have been identified from combined signatures of available physical properties logs against coal seams and non-coal litho units. Data was acquired and interpreted by software’s Robertson geologging win logger and Well cad software (Version 6.3) respectively. The coal seams are in between shale or sandstone.","PeriodicalId":80381,"journal":{"name":"AGSO journal of Australian geology & geophysics","volume":"39 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73686809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2381-8719.1000313
S. Rustami, N. Saadi, E. Aboud, K. Yonezu, Koichiro Watanabe
This study used an integrated approach to investigate geological structure and tectonic evolution in Central Afghanistan. Several image processing techniques have been separately and simultaneously applied to data obtained from Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) and Digital Elevation Models (DEM) to constrain the geological structure of the study area. Satellite images were combined with Gravity data to better understand 3D geology in the area. Analysis and interpretation of the extracted lineaments indicate that the Central Afghanistan area is controlled by two main fault systems, trending NE and EW. The two trends represent the remnants of reactivated structures that formed under the stress regimes generated during the tectonic evolution of Central Afghanistan. Gravity data indicate a NE trending basin. A two- dimensional (2D) schematic model shows that the basin deepens in the central area and gradually shallows towards the edges. The integration of the results gave insight into the tectonic evolution of the Central Afghanistan area and the adjacent areas.
本研究采用综合方法研究了阿富汗中部的地质构造和构造演化。利用Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+)和Digital Elevation Models (DEM)获得的数据分别和同时应用了几种图像处理技术，以约束研究区域的地质结构。卫星图像与重力数据相结合，以更好地了解该地区的三维地质情况。对提取剖面的分析和解释表明，阿富汗中部地区受北东向和东西向两大断裂体系控制。这两个趋势代表了在阿富汗中部构造演化期间产生的应力制度下形成的重新激活的构造的残余。重力资料显示为北东向盆地。二维(2D)图解模型显示，盆地在中心区域逐渐变深，向边缘逐渐变浅。综合研究结果，对阿富汗中部及邻近地区的构造演化有了深入的认识。
{"title":"Investigating Structural and Tectonic Evolution of Central Afghanistan Using Remote Sensing and Gravity Data","authors":"S. Rustami, N. Saadi, E. Aboud, K. Yonezu, Koichiro Watanabe","doi":"10.4172/2381-8719.1000313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2381-8719.1000313","url":null,"abstract":"This study used an integrated approach to investigate geological structure and tectonic evolution in Central Afghanistan. Several image processing techniques have been separately and simultaneously applied to data obtained from Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) and Digital Elevation Models (DEM) to constrain the geological structure of the study area. Satellite images were combined with Gravity data to better understand 3D geology in the area. Analysis and interpretation of the extracted lineaments indicate that the Central Afghanistan area is controlled by two main fault systems, trending NE and EW. The two trends represent the remnants of reactivated structures that formed under the stress regimes generated during the tectonic evolution of Central Afghanistan. Gravity data indicate a NE trending basin. A two- dimensional (2D) schematic model shows that the basin deepens in the central area and gradually shallows towards the edges. The integration of the results gave insight into the tectonic evolution of the Central Afghanistan area and the adjacent areas.","PeriodicalId":80381,"journal":{"name":"AGSO journal of Australian geology & geophysics","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74274892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2381-8719.1000273
M. Ms
The Hammerfest Basin has undergone several structural and tectonic evolutions which affected its petroleum systems. Two-dimensional seismic interpretation and petroleum system modelling of the Hammerfest Basin was done in order to understand the petroleum system and effects of uplift and subsidence on hydrocarbon distribution, accumulations, maturity, migration and leakage. The central part of the Hammerfest Basin has been affected by Jurassic syn-rift faults forming a large graben structure in response to subsidence along the folded Asterias Fault Complex and Troms-Finnmark Fault Complex. The graben structure is characterized by gas chimney, bright spots and pockmarks. The modelling result shows that the Jurassic Hekkingen Formation is less mature (oil window) and that the Snadd and Kobbe Formations are mature to highly mature (gas window), respectively. The Sto and Tubaen reservoirs are enriched with oil and gas which migrated from the Snadd and Kobbe source rocks. The hydrocarbon accumulations show that the Sto Formation is the main reservoir in the Hammerfest Basin. Rapid burial during Permian and late Cretaceous was followed by uplift events. Three phases of erosion: the first two phases of erosion (75 to 60 Ma and 30 to 15 Ma) affected and eroded 200 m of Kveite Formation and 300 m of the Torsk Formation, respectively and the third phase of erosion (2.5 to 0.01 Ma) has eroded 100 m of Torsk Formation. The oil migration follows the deep seated faults along the Asterias Fault Complex, Troms-Finnmark Fault Complex and along the bounding faults of the graben structure at the center of the basin which leads to leakage. The migration of gas on the other hand, is vertically upward throughout the basin leaking out of the seal. The gas migration has been enhanced by the uplift and subsidence events which have been the main controlling factors of the hydrocarbon maturation and distribution within the Hammerfest Basin.
{"title":"Two-Dimensional Seismic Interpretation and Petroleum System Modelling in the Hammerfest Basin, SW Barents Sea","authors":"M. Ms","doi":"10.4172/2381-8719.1000273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2381-8719.1000273","url":null,"abstract":"The Hammerfest Basin has undergone several structural and tectonic evolutions which affected its petroleum systems. Two-dimensional seismic interpretation and petroleum system modelling of the Hammerfest Basin was done in order to understand the petroleum system and effects of uplift and subsidence on hydrocarbon distribution, accumulations, maturity, migration and leakage. The central part of the Hammerfest Basin has been affected by Jurassic syn-rift faults forming a large graben structure in response to subsidence along the folded Asterias Fault Complex and Troms-Finnmark Fault Complex. The graben structure is characterized by gas chimney, bright spots and pockmarks. The modelling result shows that the Jurassic Hekkingen Formation is less mature (oil window) and that the Snadd and Kobbe Formations are mature to highly mature (gas window), respectively. The Sto and Tubaen reservoirs are enriched with oil and gas which migrated from the Snadd and Kobbe source rocks. The hydrocarbon accumulations show that the Sto Formation is the main reservoir in the Hammerfest Basin. Rapid burial during Permian and late Cretaceous was followed by uplift events. Three phases of erosion: the first two phases of erosion (75 to 60 Ma and 30 to 15 Ma) affected and eroded 200 m of Kveite Formation and 300 m of the Torsk Formation, respectively and the third phase of erosion (2.5 to 0.01 Ma) has eroded 100 m of Torsk Formation. The oil migration follows the deep seated faults along the Asterias Fault Complex, Troms-Finnmark Fault Complex and along the bounding faults of the graben structure at the center of the basin which leads to leakage. The migration of gas on the other hand, is vertically upward throughout the basin leaking out of the seal. The gas migration has been enhanced by the uplift and subsidence events which have been the main controlling factors of the hydrocarbon maturation and distribution within the Hammerfest Basin.","PeriodicalId":80381,"journal":{"name":"AGSO journal of Australian geology & geophysics","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90805375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2381-8719.1000326
Ekpelu Km, Soronnadi Ononiwu Gc, Didei Is
The frequent collapse of engineering structure and in incessant cracks witnessed on walls of buildings within the Obedum-Anyu-Emelego axis of Abua/Odual Local Government Area of Rivers State prompted the need for geotechnical investigation to assess the suitability of soils and characterize their engineering properties as a guide to foundation designs. Soil samples were obtained between 0 and 30 metres depth and used in the study. The field boring and laboratory results shows that the stratigraphy is predominantly of medium with soft to firm brown mottle grey salty peaty clay and soft to firm grey mottle brown salty peaty clay in shallow borings of 2 m. The organic peaty clay layers are very poorly suited to support foundations due to very high compressibility compared to other materials. Laboratory analyses showed that the clays are characterized by moderately high moisture content and compressibility and fairly low undermined strength. CBR values between 5.7 percent to 8.5 percent, liquid limit between 38.8 percent and 50.6 percent, plasticity limit 18.8 percent and 25.5 percent. Comparison of these ranges of geotechnical properties with Bench Mark for sub grade indicated that they are of low standard. Recommendation includes the need for stabilization with lime and cement to avoid the collapse of structure or buildings within the study area.
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