Anaerobe最新文献

{"title":"In vivo efficacy of fidaxomicin against rpoB mutant Clostridioides difficile infection","authors":"Mai Thu Hoai ,&nbsp;Yutaro Hitomi ,&nbsp;Tsutomu Fujii ,&nbsp;Yoshitomo Morinaga","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div><em>Clostridioides difficile</em> infection (CDI) is a well-known healthcare-associated diarrheal disease. Fidaxomicin, a key antibiotic used to treat CDI, targets bacterial RNA polymerase. However, some clinical isolates have mutations in <em>rpoB</em>, which reduces their susceptibility to this antibiotic. In this study, the effects of <em>rpoB</em> mutations on the virulence of <em>C. difficile</em> and efficacy of fidaxomicin against CDI were evaluated <em>in vivo</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An <em>rpoB</em> mutant strain (<em>C. difficile</em> G1073R-2024) with reduced fidaxomicin susceptibility was generated through spontaneous induction in a murine CDI model from the parental strain <em>C. difficile</em> VPI 10463. The virulence and therapeutic responses of the mutant strain were compared with those of the parental strain using a CDI model, including survival rate, body weight changes, clinical scores, and bacterial loads in feces.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>C. difficile</em> G1073R-2024 had an amino acid alteration in Gln1073Arg and the minimum inhibitory concentration of fidaxomicin was 128 μg/mL. <em>In vivo</em> virulence was not significantly different between strains. Fidaxomicin treatment resulted in 100 % survival rates and a comparable reduction in the bacterial load for both strains.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Fidaxomicin was effective against CDI caused by the <em>rpoB</em> mutant strain. The emergence of such mutations highlights the need for ongoing surveillance of drug resistance trends in clinical settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 102992"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145005828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel anaerobic taxa and taxonomic revisions published in 2024, and requirements for the validation process to establish taxon names with standing in the literature","authors":"Paul A. Lawson ,&nbsp;Samuel Miller","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102989","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102989","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 102989"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144811531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic and genomic characterization of Clostridioides difficile strains involved in multiple recurrences","authors":"Anne Lecoutour ,&nbsp;Victoria Mesa ,&nbsp;Jeanne Couturier ,&nbsp;Johanne Delannoy ,&nbsp;Bénédicte Pigneur ,&nbsp;Frédéric Barbut","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102980","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102980","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Multiple relapses of <em>Clostridioides difficile</em> infections (CDI) are frequent, impact patients' quality of life, and are challenging to treat. These relapses are either linked to the patient's conditions (immunity, intestinal dysbiosis) or potentially to strain-specific characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to determine the genomic and phenotypic characteristics of <em>C. difficile</em> (CD) strains associated with multiple relapses of CDIs (rCDI).</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Between 2019 and 2022, 10 CD strains responsible for multiple (≥2) relapses were matched on PCR ribotype to 10 CD control strains isolated from patients with a single episode. Genomic (resistome, virulome, mobile genetic elements) and phenotypic (motility, sporulation, germination, biofilm production, stress resistance) characteristics of relapse and control strains were compared.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No significant genomic or phenotypic differences were identified between strains involved in multiple relapses and control strains. Our analyses revealed significant genomic and phenotypic variability among strains.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The origin of rCDI does not seem to be directly related to the <em>C. difficile</em> strain, suggesting that these relapses are more likely associated with other factors, such as intestinal dysbiosis or the patient's immune status.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102980"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile in children and adolescents in the community in Cambodia","authors":"Lengsea Eng ,&nbsp;Paul Turner ,&nbsp;Kefyalew Addis Alene ,&nbsp;Deirdre A. Collins ,&nbsp;Su-Chen Lim ,&nbsp;Pisey Tan ,&nbsp;Sona Soeng ,&nbsp;Dylorng Hun ,&nbsp;Sotera Yohn ,&nbsp;Sarim Vong ,&nbsp;Archie C.A. Clements ,&nbsp;Thomas V. Riley","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102982","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102982","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile</em> transmission between community and healthcare settings has been increasingly reported. We aimed to identify the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of <em>C. difficile</em> colonising adolescents and non-hospitalised children in Cambodia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Stool samples were collected from 266 students at the University of Health Sciences (UHS) in Phnom Penh, between July and August 2022, and 246 children ≥1 year old visiting the outpatient department (OPD) at Angkor Hospital for Children in Siem Reap, between January and August 2022. <em>C. difficile</em> culture, toxin gene detection and PCR ribotyping were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, <em>C. difficile</em> was recovered from 07/266 specimens (2.6 %) from UHS students and 59/246 specimens (23.9 %) from OPD children. The overall prevalence of <em>C. difficile</em> in children peaked in April, and of toxigenic strains peaked in August. Children with loose stools were less likely to be colonised by <em>C. difficile</em> (COR = 0.05, 95 %CI: 0.008–0.32) than children with normal stools. UHS students were colonised only by toxigenic <em>C. difficile.</em> Of the 66 isolates, 36 % (24/66) were toxigenic: <em>C. difficile</em> ribotype (RT) 017 was the most predominant, followed by RTs 012, 046, 056, QX709, 001, 014/020 and QX710. Non-toxigenic strains accounted for 35 RTs including 32 novel RTs that had not been isolated previously.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings of only toxigenic strains in adolescents and the high prevalence of <em>C. difficile</em> in OPD children suggest exposure to <em>C. difficile</em> within the community; thus, appropriate interventions may be needed. Genotypic identification of diverse <em>C. difficile</em> is important for molecular epidemiological purposes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102982"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144564307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of indirect-ELISAs based on native antigens of Clostridium chauvoei for the detection of blackleg-specific antibodies in cattle","authors":"Mevaliya Amitkumar ,&nbsp;Awadhesh Prajapati ,&nbsp;Suresh Bindu ,&nbsp;Sripada Sairam ,&nbsp;Anand Shirisha ,&nbsp;Mandrira Ramakrishna Namrutha ,&nbsp;Roopa Anandamurthy Hemanth ,&nbsp;Revanaiah Yogisharadhya ,&nbsp;Mohammed Mudassar Chanda ,&nbsp;Sathish Bhadravati Shivachandra","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102975","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102975","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Blackleg, also known as black quarter (BQ), is an acute and lethal infection in bovines and caused by the anaerobic bacterium- <em>Clostridium chauvoei.</em> A killed vaccine is available for disease control, and evaluating the immune response to the vaccine or natural infection in susceptible animals is crucial for implementing effective vaccination strategies in endemic regions. This study focused on the development and comparative evaluation of indirect ELISAs based on native antigens (whole cell and flagellar) from <em>C</em>. <em>chauvoei</em> to detect blackleg-specific antibodies in serum samples collected from cattle.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Whole cell and flagellar antigens were extracted conventionally from <em>C</em>. <em>chauvoei</em> strain NIVEDIBQ1, and optimized indirect ELISAs were compared with the indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA). These assays were used to screen 810 serum samples collected from Andhra Pradesh, India, where blackleg is endemic.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Optimum antigen concentrations (250 ng of whole cell antigen and 300 ng of flagella), serum dilution (1:100), and conjugate dilution (1: 10,000) were determined using the checkerboard titration method. The optimized assays reliably detected <em>C</em>. <em>chauvoei</em>-specific antibodies at serum dilutions as low as 1:1600 for whole cell antigens, and 1: 800 for flagellar antigens without any cross-reactions. A comparison between IHA and indirect ELISAs using Cohen's Kappa analysis indicated that the two assays were equally effective. A diagnostic sensitivity (DSn) of 96.0 % and 95.0 %, and diagnostic specificity (DSp) of 95.0 % and 97.0 %, with cut-off criteria of &gt;20.7632 and 18.579, for whole cell and flagellar antigens, respectively, was observed after ROC analysis. The observed seropositivity rates in Andhra Pradesh were 57 % (462) and 40.9 % (332) for whole cell and flagellar antigen based indirect ELISAs, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrated the potential application of native antigen-based indirect ELISAs for monitoring blackleg-specific antibodies in cattle from endemic regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102975"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fulminant clostridioides (costridium) difficile infection caused by a rare strain of PCR-ribotype 153 in Japan: A case report","authors":"Daichi Yomogida ,&nbsp;Suguru Hasegawa ,&nbsp;Shiori Mizuta ,&nbsp;Shinjiro Horikawa ,&nbsp;Yoshinao Koshida ,&nbsp;Koichiro Matsuda ,&nbsp;Masahiko Nakamura ,&nbsp;Hiroyasu Kaya ,&nbsp;Akio Uchiyama ,&nbsp;Mitsutoshi Senoh","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2024.102936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2024.102936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile (C. difficile)</em> infection (CDI), often severe when producing toxin A, toxin B, and CDT, can cause life-threatening fulminant infections, especially in vulnerable patients. This case report discusses a 39-year-old woman with no medical history who developed severe CDI after antibiotic treatment, leading to fatal hypovolemic shock. A rare <em>C. difficile</em> PCR-ribotype 153 strain, which is positive for toxin A, toxin B, and CDT was identified. This case emphasizes the need for early CDI diagnosis, cautious antibiotic use, and prompt treatment to prevent severe outcomes like shock and multiorgan failure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102936"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI4CDI: Introducing a novel machine learning approach to demonstrate feasibility of timely and early identification of at-risk populations for Clostridioides difficile infections","authors":"Anastasia Karatzia ,&nbsp;Danai Aristeridou ,&nbsp;Wawi Kantz ,&nbsp;A. Carmine Colavecchia ,&nbsp;Harish Madhava ,&nbsp;Mohammad Ateya ,&nbsp;Carole Czudek ,&nbsp;Patrick H. Kelly ,&nbsp;Kate Halsby","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102978","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102978","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We evaluated machine learning (ML) model feasibility to predict <em>Clostridioides difficile</em> infection (CDI) six months prior to onset and to identify early predictors over a longer period.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective analysis was performed using electronic health records data from US adults (Optum Market Clarity). Cases with CDI and non-CDI controls were identified. A 1:1 coarsened exact matching algorithm was applied, with final analysis cohorts of 4736 cases and 4732 controls. CDI-relevant features were identified from the published literature, and information was extracted for &gt;900 features. The final model was trained on 597 mostly binary features. Feature information during the 6 months prior to date of first CDI diagnosis was hidden to the model to identify patients at risk for CDI with a longer time horizon. Sensitivity analysis was conducted on cases aged 65–80 years.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Median age was 65 years (19–88) in case and control cohorts. The Gradient Boosted Trees ML model had an Area Under the Curve Receiver Operating Characteristic (AUC-ROC) of 0.79. Post-model bias evaluation revealed disparities in sensitivity (race). Long-term predictors included hospitalization days. While some predictors were exclusive to the 65–80 years model, others were more strongly associated with CDI in the overall model.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We developed a ML model that can identify patient groups at increased risk for primary CDI. While the predictive capability of this ML model is promising, validation is needed before exploring its readiness for use in healthcare settings to inform preventive measures for CDI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102978"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxigenic, atypical strains of Clostridioides difficile isolated from soils of Western Australian public parks","authors":"Paige McGraw ,&nbsp;Su-Chen Lim ,&nbsp;Deirdre A. Collins ,&nbsp;Thomas V. Riley","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102986","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102986","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Public park soils in Perth, Western Australia were investigated for <em>Clostridioides difficile. C. difficile</em> was found at a high prevalence of 73 %. Over 19 % of the <em>C. difficile</em> isolates were toxigenic, including clinically relevant <em>C. difficile</em> ribotypes 014/020 and 106. Additionally, an esculin-hydrolysis negative, A⁺B⁻CDT^- isolate was recovered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102986"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144681904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring benzene mineralization by anaerobes isolated from denitrifying enrichment cultures","authors":"Samuel C. Eziuzor ,&nbsp;Carsten Vogt","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The study aimed to isolate and characterize benzene-mineralizing anaerobes from a nitrate-reducing community. The goal was to evaluate their potential for benzene degradation under anoxic conditions and to compare composition and metabolic activity in media with and without ammonium.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Two putative isolates (Bz4 and Bz7) were obtained using classical isolation techniques under nitrate-reducing conditions with either acetate or benzene as the sole carbon and energy source. Enrichment media differed by the presence (Bz4) or absence (Bz7) of ammonium. The ability of the isolates to mineralize [¹³C]-labeled acetate and [¹³C₆]-labeled benzene was assessed by monitoring ¹³CO₂ production under anoxic conditions over 184 days. Nitrite production was also measured. Community composition was determined via 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both Bz4 and Bz7 consortia mineralized [¹³C]-acetate anoxically, with mineralization rates of 3.3 μM day⁻¹ and 2.7 μM day⁻¹, respectively. Benzene mineralization was observed only in Bz4, which degraded [¹³C₆]-benzene at a rate of 0.298 μM day⁻¹, resulting in ¹³CO₂ production with δ¹³C values reaching 960.2 ± 0.3 ‰. Bz4 also produced nitrite (4.60 ± 0.004 μM), while Bz7 showed no benzene mineralization with a smaller quantity of nitrite production. Microbial community analysis revealed that Bz4 was dominated by <em>Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium</em> (51.4 %), <em>Rhizobiaceae</em> (21.0 %), <em>Pseudomonas</em> (18.2 %), and <em>Nocardioides</em> (8.9 %). In contrast, Bz7 was almost exclusively composed of <em>Simplicispira</em> (96.7 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The Bz4 consortium demonstrated effective anaerobic benzene mineralization under nitrate-reducing conditions, highlighting its potential for further purification and study in the context of anaerobic benzene biodegradation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102979"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and characterization of anaerobic bacteria in human semen: A retrospective study","authors":"Marek Kwaśniewski ,&nbsp;Tomasz M. Karpiński","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102977","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2025.102977","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study analyzed retrospectively 291 semen samples, identifying diverse anaerobic bacteria, mainly <em>Prevotella</em> (49 % of all isolates), <em>Veillonella</em>, and <em>Peptoniphilus</em>. Most isolates were susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, suggesting its therapeutic potential in male infertility. Resistance to metronidazole was observed in <em>Peptoniphilus, Veillonella</em>, and <em>Propionimicrobium</em>, while <em>Bacteroides</em> exhibited resistance to benzylpenicillin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102977"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}